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Does Raising The Arms Modify Head Tremor Severity In Cervical Dystonia?, Elizabeth Cisneros, Joel S Perlmutter, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Background: A defining characteristic of dystonia is its position-dependence. In cervical dystonia (CD), sensory tricks ameliorate head tremor (HT). But it remains unknown whether raising the arms alone has the same impact.

Methods: We analyzed data collected from patients enrolled by the Dystonia Coalition. For 120 patients with HT, we assessed how raising their arms without touching their head changed their HT severity.

Results: Forty-eight out of 120 patients exhibited changes in HT severity when raising their arms. These patients were more likely to exhibit decreases in HT severity (N = 35) than increases (N = 13, χ

Discussion: Raising …

Characterization And Localization Of Antigens For Serodiagnosis Of Human Paragonimiasis, Kurt C Curtis, Kerstin Fischer, Young-Jun Choi, Makedonka Mitreva, Gary J Weil, Peter U Fischer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Paragonimiasis is a foodborne trematode infection that affects 23 million people, mainly in Asia. Lung fluke infections lead frequently to chronic cough with fever and hemoptysis, and are often confused with lung cancer or tuberculosis. Paragonimiasis can be efficiently treated with praziquantel, but diagnosis is often delayed, and patients are frequently treated for other conditions. To improve diagnosis, we selected five Paragonimus kellicotti proteins based on transcriptional abundance, recognition by patient sera, and conservation among trematodes and expressed them as His-fusion proteins in Escherichia coli. Sequences for these proteins have 76-99% identity with amino acid sequences for orthologs in the …

A Timely Call To Arms: Covid-19, The Circadian Clock, And Critical Care, Jeffrey Haspel, Minjee Kim, Phyllis Zee, Tanja Schwarzmeier, Sara Montagnese, Satchidananda Panda, Adriana Albani, Martha Merrow

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We currently find ourselves in the midst of a global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the highly infectious novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we discuss aspects of SARS-CoV-2 biology and pathology and how these might interact with the circadian clock of the host. We further focus on the severe manifestation of the illness, leading to hospitalization in an intensive care unit. The most common severe complications of COVID-19 relate to clock-regulated human physiology. We speculate on how the pandemic might be used to gain insights on the circadian clock but, more importantly, on …

Comparative Genomics And Transcriptomics Of 4 Paragonimus Species Provide Insights Into Lung Fluke Parasitism And Pathogenesis, Bruce A. Rosa, Young-Jun Choi, Samantha N. Mcnulty, Hyeim Jung, John Martin, Takeshi Agatsuma, Hiromu Sugiyama, Thanh Hoa Le, Pham Ngoc Doanh, Wanchai Maleewong, David Blair, Paul J. Brindley, Peter U. Fischer, Makedonka Mitreva

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Paragonimus spp. (lung flukes) are among the most injurious foodborne helminths, infecting ∼23 million people and subjecting ∼292 million to infection risk. Paragonimiasis is acquired from infected undercooked crustaceans and primarily affects the lungs but often causes lesions elsewhere including the brain. The disease is easily mistaken for tuberculosis owing to similar pulmonary symptoms, and accordingly, diagnostics are in demand.

RESULTS: We assembled, annotated, and compared draft genomes of 4 prevalent and distinct Paragonimus species: Paragonimus miyazakii, Paragonimus westermani, Paragonimus kellicotti, and Paragonimus heterotremus. Genomes ranged from 697 to 923 Mb, included 12,072-12,853 genes, and were 71.6-90.1% complete according …

Malaria Parasite Plasmepsins: More Than Just Plain Old Degradative Pepsins, Armiyaw S. Nasamu, Alexander J. Polino, Eva S. Istvan, Daniel E. Goldberg

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Assaying Three-Dimensional Cellular Architecture Using X-Ray Tomographic And Correlated Imaging Approaches, Peter O. Bayguinov, Max R. Fisher, James A. J. Fitzpatrick

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Comprehensive Profiling Of Extracellular Rna In Hpv‑Induced Cancers Using An Improved Pipeline For Small Rna‑Seq Analysis, Fangjia Tong, Arlise Andress, Gongyu Tang, Ping Liu, Xiaowei Wang

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Acvr1/Jak1/Jak2 Inhibitor Momelotinib Reverses Transfusion Dependency And Suppresses Hepcidin In Myelofibrosis Phase 2 Trial, Stephen T. Oh, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Framework For Advancing Our Understanding Of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts, Erik Sahai, David G. Denardo, Sheila Stewart, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Viral-Immune Cell Interactions At The Maternal-Fetal Interface In Human Pregnancy, Elaine L Parker, Rachel B Silverstein, Sonam Verma, Indira U Mysorekar

Open Access Publications

The human decidua and placenta form a distinct environment distinguished for its promotion of immunotolerance to infiltrating semiallogeneic trophoblast cells to enable successful pregnancy. The maternal-fetal interface also successfully precludes transmission of most pathogens. This barrier function occurs in conjunction with a diverse influx of decidual immune cells including natural killer cells, macrophages and T cells. However, several viruses, among other microorganisms, manage to escape destruction by the host adaptive and innate immune system, leading to congenital infection and adverse pregnancy outcomes. In this review, we describe mechanisms of pathogenicity of two such viral pathogens, Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Zika …

Sensitivity Analysis Of Monte Carlo Model Of A Gantry-Mounted Passively Scattered Proton System, Milad Baradaran-Ghahfarokhi, Francisco Reynoso, Michael T Prusator, Baozhou Sun, Tianyu Zhao

Open Access Publications

PURPOSE: This study aimed to present guidance on the correlation between treatment nozzle and proton source parameters, and dose distribution of a passive double scattering compact proton therapy unit, known as Mevion S250.

METHODS: All 24 beam options were modeled using the MCNPX MC code. The calculated physical dose for pristine peak, profiles, and spread out Bragg peak (SOBP) were benchmarked with the measured data. Track-averaged LET (LET

RESULTS: For the physical dose distribution, the MCNPX MC model matched measurements data for all the options to within 2 mm and 2% criterion. The Mevion S250 was found to have a …

Postural Directionality And Head Tremor In Cervical Dystonia, Qiyu Chen, Jeanne P Vu, Elizabeth Cisneros, Casey N Benadof, Zheng Zhang, Richard L Barbano, Christopher G Goetz, Joseph Jankovic, Hyder A Jinnah, Joel S Perlmutter, Mark I Appelbaum, Glenn T Stebbins, Cynthia L Comella, David A Peterson

Open Access Publications

Background: Although abnormal head and neck postures are defining features of cervical dystonia (CD), head tremor (HT) is also common. However, little is known about the relationship between abnormal postures and HT in CD.

Methods: We analyzed clinical data and video recordings from 185 patients enrolled by the Dystonia Coalition. We calculated the likelihood of their HT and HT type ("regular" vs. "jerky") given directionality of abnormal head postures, disease duration, sex, and age.

Results: Patients with retrocollis were more likely to have HT than patients with anterocollis (X

Discussion: We found that HT is more likely for CD patients …

Neuroendocrine Markers Insulinoma-Associated Protein 1, Chromogranin, Synaptophysin, And Cd56 Show Rare Positivity In Adenocarcinoma Ex-Goblet Cell Carcinoids, Chen Yang, Ivan Gonzalez, Lingxin Zhang, Dengfeng Cao

Open Access Publications

Background: Adenocarcinoma ex-goblet cell carcinoid (AdexGCC) was considered a neuroendocrine adenocarcinoma, despite majority of tumor cells being negative for conventional neuroendocrine markers such as chromogranin and synaptophysin. Recently, insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1) has been identified as a novel neuroendocrine marker that is more sensitive than chromogranin, synaptophysin, and CD56 in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors.

Methods: We studied this marker in conjunction with chromogranin, synaptophysin, and CD56 in 36 appendiceal AdexGCCs (21 primaries, 15 metastatic).

Results: Primary AdexGCCs showed staining for INSM1, chromogranin, synaptophysin, and CD56 in 13/21 (62%), 18/21 (86%), 18/21 (86%), and 9/19 (47%) cases, respectively. However, the mean proportion …

Genomic Characterization Of Antibiotic Resistant Escherichia Coli Isolated From Domestic Chickens In Pakistan, Muhammad Rafique, Robert F Potter, Aura Ferreiro, Meghan A Wallace, Abdul Rahim, Akbar Ali Malik, Naila Siddique, Muhammad Athar Abbas, Alaric W D'Souza, Carey-Ann D Burnham, Naeem Ali, Gautam Dantas

Open Access Publications

Poultry husbandry is important for the economic health of Pakistan, but the Pakistani poultry industry is negatively impacted by infections from

Restoring Mitofusin Balance Prevents Axonal Degeneration In A Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 2a Model, Yueqin Zhou, Sharon Carmona, A.K.M.G. Muhammad, Shaughn Bell, Jesse Landeros, Michael Vazquez, Ritchie Ho, Antonietta Franco, Bin Lu, Gerald W. Dorn Ii, Shaomei Wang, Cathleen M. Lutz, Robert H. Baloh

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Nuclear Receptor Rev-Erbα Modulates Th17 Cell-Mediated Autoimmune Disease, Christina Chang, Chin-San Loo, Xuan Zhao, Laura A. Solt, Yuqiong Liang, Sagar P. Bapat, Han Cho, Theodore M. Kamenecka, Mathias Leblanc, Annette R. Atkins, Ruth T. Yu, Michael Downes, Thomas P. Burris, Ronald M. Evans, Ye Zheng

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Variability In German Cockroach Extract Composition Greatly Impacts T Cell Potency In Cockroach-Allergic Donors, Avraham Beigelman, Leonard B. Bacharier, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Opportunities And Obstacles For Deep Learning In Biology And Medicine, Travers Ching, S Joshua Swamidass, Et Al

2010-2019 OA Pubs

Deep learning describes a class of machine learning algorithms that are capable of combining raw inputs into layers of intermediate features. These algorithms have recently shown impressive results across a variety of domains. Biology and medicine are data-rich disciplines, but the data are complex and often ill-understood. Hence, deep learning techniques may be particularly well suited to solve problems of these fields. We examine applications of deep learning to a variety of biomedical problems-patient classification, fundamental biological processes and treatment of patients-and discuss whether deep learning will be able to transform these tasks or if the biomedical sphere poses unique …

Methylation-Based Enrichment Facilitates Low-Cost, Noninvasive Genomic Scale Sequencing Of Populations From Feces, Kenneth L. Chiou, Christina M. Bergey

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Choroid Plexus Is An Important Circadian Clock Component, Jihwan Myung, Christoph Schmal, Sungho Hong, Yoshiaki Tsukizawa, Pia Rose, Yong Zhang, Michael J. Holtzman, Erik De Schutter, Hanspeter Herzel, Grigory Bordyugov, Toru Takumi

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

High‐Affinity Interactions And Signal Transduction Between Aβ Oligomers And Trem2, Christian B. Lessard, Samuel L. Malnik, Yingyue Zhou, Thomas B. Ladd, Pedro E. Cruz, Yong Ran, Thomas E. Mahan, Paramita Charabaty, David M. Holtzman, Jason D. Ulrich, Marco Colonna, Todd E. Golde

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Gon4l Regulates Notochord Boundary Formation And Cell Polarity Underlying Axis Extension By Repressing Adhesion Genes, Margot L. K. Williams, Atsushi Sawada, Terin Budine, Chunyue Yin, Paul Gontarz, Lilianna Solnica-Krezel

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Insights Into Onchocerca Volvulus Population Biology Through Multilocus Immunophenotyping, Carmelle T Norice-Tra, José Ribeiro, Sasisekhar Bennuru, Michael P Fay, Rahul Tyagi, Makedonka Mitreva, Thomas B Nutman

2010-2019 OA Pubs

We have developed a serologically based immunophenotyping approach to study Onchocerca volvulus (Ov) population diversity. Using genomic sequence data and polymerase chain reaction-based genotyping, we identified nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes of 16 major immunogenic Ov proteins: Ov-CHI-1/Ov-CHI-2, Ov16, Ov-FAR-1, Ov-CPI-1, Ov-B20, Ov-ASP-1, Ov-TMY-1, OvSOD1, OvGST1, Ov-CAL-1, M3/M4, Ov-RAL-1, Ov-RAL-2, Ov-ALT-1, Ov-FBA-1, and Ov-B8. We assessed the immunoreactivity of onchocerciasis patient sera (n = 152) from the Americas, West Africa, Central Africa, and East Africa against peptides derived from 10 of these proteins containing SNPs. Statistically significant variation in immunoreactivity among the regions was seen in SNP-containing peptides …

Injury-Induced Actin Cytoskeleton Reorganization In Podocytes Revealed By Super-Resolution Microscopy, Hani Y. Suleiman, Robyn Roth, Sanjay Jain, John E. Heuser, Andrey S. Shaw, Jeffrey H. Miner

Open Access Publications

The architectural integrity of tissues requires complex interactions, both between cells and between cells and the extracellular matrix. Fundamental to cell and tissue homeostasis are the specific mechanical forces conveyed by the actomyosin cytoskeleton. Here we used super-resolution imaging methods to visualize the actin cytoskeleton in the kidney glomerulus, an organized collection of capillaries that filters the blood to make the primary urine. Our analysis of both mouse and human glomeruli reveals a network of myosin IIA-containing contractile actin cables within podocyte cell bodies and major processes at the outer aspects of the glomerular tuft. These likely exert force on …

Ebola Virus Vp30 And Nucleoprotein Interactions Modulate Viral Rna Synthesis, Wei Xu, Priya Luthra, Chao Wu, Jyoti Batra, Daisy W. Leung, Christopher F. Basler, Gaya K. Amarasinghe

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Multimodal Fluorescence Molecular Imaging For In Vivo Characterization Of Skin Cancer Using Endogenous And Exogenous Fluorophores, Jessica P. Miller, Lemoyne Habimana-Griffin, Tracy S. Edwards, Samuel Achilefu

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Biophysical Evidence For Intrinsic Disorder In The C-Terminal Tails Of The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (Egfr) And Her3 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases, Theodore R. Keppel, Kwabena Sarpong, Elisa M. Murray, John Monsey, Jian Zhu, Ron Bose

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Putative Causal Relationship Between Genetically Determined Female Body Shape And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Laura J. Bierut, John P. Rice, Nancy L. Saccone, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Synthetic (P)Ppgpp Analogue Is An Inhibitor Of Stringent Response In Mycobacteria, Kirtimaan Syal, Kelly Flentie, Neerupma Bhardwaj, Krishnagopal Maiti, Narayanaswamy Jayaraman, Christina L. Stallings, Dipankar Chatterji

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Dictyocaulus Viviparus Genome, Variome And Transcriptome Elucidate Lungworm Biology And Support Future Intervention, Samantha N. Mcnulty, Christina Strube, Bruce A. Rosa, John C. Martin, Rahul Tyagi, Young-Jun Choi, Qi Wang, Kymberlie Hallsworth Pepin, Xu Zhang, Philip Ozersky, Richard K. Wilson, Paul W. Sternberg, Robin B. Gasser, Makedonka Mitreva

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.