Digital Commons Network^™

Interferons And Tuft Cell Numbers Are Bottlenecks For Persistent Murine Norovirus Infection, Somya Aggarwal, Forrest C. Walker, James S. Weagley, Broc T. Mccune, Xiaofen Wu, Lawrence A. Schriefer, Heyde Makimaa, Dylan Lawrence, Pratyush Sridhar, Megan T. Baldridge

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Noroviruses (NoVs) are a leading cause of viral gastroenteritis. Despite global clinical relevance, our understanding of how host factors, such as antiviral cytokines interferons (IFNs), modulate NoV population dynamics is limited. Murine NoV (MNoV) is a tractable in vivo model for the study of host regulation of NoV. A persistent strain of MNoV, CR6, establishes a reservoir in intestinal tuft cells for chronic viral shedding in stool. However, the influence of host innate immunity and permissive cell numbers on viral population dynamics is an open question. We generated a pool of 20 different barcoded viruses (CR6BC) by inserting 6-nucleotide barcodes …

Multi-Scale Cortical Bone Traits Vary In Females And Males From Two Mouse Models Of Genetic Diversity, Nicole Migotsky, Surabhi Kumar, John T Shuster, Jennifer C Coulombe, Bhavya Senwar, Adrian A Gestos, Charles R Farber, Virginia L Ferguson, Matthew J Silva

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Understanding the genetic basis of cortical bone traits can allow for the discovery of novel genes or biological pathways regulating bone health. Mice are the most widely used mammalian model for skeletal biology and allow for the quantification of traits that cannot easily be evaluated in humans, such as osteocyte lacunar morphology. The goal of our study was to investigate the effect of genetic diversity on multi-scale cortical bone traits of 3 long bones in skeletally-mature mice. We measured bone morphology, mechanical properties, material properties, lacunar morphology, and mineral composition of mouse bones from 2 populations of genetic diversity. Additionally, …

Disruption Of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Drives Sting-Dependent Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Maturation And Death, Joice Kanefsky, Mary Basse, Judith Sokei, Orsola Di Martino, Liana Valin, Jeffrey A Magee, Francesca Ferraro, Stephen M Sykes, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The role of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biosynthesis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains largely undefined. A comparative expression analysis of 35 genes encoding fatty acid biosynthesis enzymes showed that fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) was highly expressed across multiple AML subtypes relative to healthy controls and that elevated FADS1 expression correlates with worse overall AML patient survival. Functionally, shRNA-mediated inhibition of FADS1 reduced AML cell growth in vitro and significantly delayed leukemia onset in an AML mouse model. AML cell lines depleted of FADS1 arrested in the G1/S-phase of the cell cycle, acquired characteristics of myeloid maturation and subsequently …

Tabernanthalog And Ibogainalog Inhibit The Α7 And Α9Α10 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Via Different Mechanisms And With Higher Potency Than The Gabaa Receptor And Cav2.2 Channel, Han-Shen Tae, Marcelo O Ortells, Arsalan Yousuf, Sophia Q Xu, Gustav Akk, David J Adams, Hugo R Arias

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In this study, we have investigated the pharmacological activity and structural interaction of two novel psychoplastogens, tabernanthalog (TBG) and ibogainalog (IBG) at heterologously-expressed rat (r) and human (h) nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), the rα1β2γ2L γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABA

Loss Of Katnal2 Leads To Ependymal Ciliary Hyperfunction And Autism-Related Phenotypes In Mice, Ryeonghwa Kang, Zachary Papadopoulos, Jonathan Kipnis, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) frequently accompany macrocephaly, which often involves hydrocephalic enlargement of brain ventricles. Katnal2 is a microtubule-regulatory protein strongly linked to ASD, but it remains unclear whether Katnal2 knockout (KO) in mice leads to microtubule- and ASD-related molecular, synaptic, brain, and behavioral phenotypes. We found that Katnal2-KO mice display ASD-like social communication deficits and age-dependent progressive ventricular enlargements. The latter involves increased length and beating frequency of motile cilia on ependymal cells lining ventricles. Katnal2-KO hippocampal neurons surrounded by enlarged lateral ventricles show progressive synaptic deficits that correlate with ASD-like transcriptomic changes involving synaptic gene down-regulation. Importantly, early …

Mapping Brain Function In Adults And Young Children During Naturalistic Viewing With High-Density Diffuse Optical Tomography, Kalyan Tripathy, Morgan Fogarty, Alexandra M Svoboda, Mariel L Schroeder, Sean M Rafferty, Edward J Richter, Christopher Tracy, Patricia K Mansfield, Madison Booth, Andrew K Fishell, Arefeh Sherafati, Zachary E Markow, Muriah D Wheelock, Ana María Arbeláez, Bradley L Schlaggar, Christopher D Smyser, Adam T Eggebrecht, Joseph P Culver

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Human studies of early brain development have been limited by extant neuroimaging methods. MRI scanners present logistical challenges for imaging young children, while alternative modalities like functional near-infrared spectroscopy have traditionally been limited by image quality due to sparse sampling. In addition, conventional tasks for brain mapping elicit low task engagement, high head motion, and considerable participant attrition in pediatric populations. As a result, typical and atypical developmental trajectories of processes such as language acquisition remain understudied during sensitive periods over the first years of life. We evaluate high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) imaging combined with movie stimuli for high …

Modulation Of Host Immunity By Sensory Neurons, Telma Saraiva-Santos, Tiago H Zaninelli, Felipe A Pinho-Ribeiro

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Recent studies have uncovered a new role for sensory neurons in influencing mammalian host immunity, challenging conventional notions of the nervous and immune systems as separate entities. In this review we delve into this groundbreaking paradigm of neuroimmunology and discuss recent scientific evidence for the impact of sensory neurons on host responses against a wide range of pathogens and diseases, encompassing microbial infections and cancers. These valuable insights enhance our understanding of the interactions between the nervous and immune systems, and also pave the way for developing candidate innovative therapeutic interventions in immune-mediated diseases highlighting the importance of this interdisciplinary …

Complement Regulation In The Eye: Implications For Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Georgia A. Wilke, Rajendra S. Apte

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Careful regulation of the complement system is critical for enabling complement proteins to titrate immune defense while also preventing collateral tissue damage from poorly controlled inflammation. In the eye, this balance between complement activity and inhibition is crucial, as a low level of basal complement activity is necessary to support ocular immune privilege, a prerequisite for maintaining vision. Dysregulated complement activation contributes to parainflammation, a low level of inflammation triggered by cellular damage that functions to reestablish homeostasis, or outright inflammation that disrupts the visual axis. Complement dysregulation has been implicated in many ocular diseases, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and …

Single-Nucleotide Variant Calling In Single-Cell Sequencing Data With Monopogen, Jinzhuang Dou, Li Ding, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Single-cell omics technologies enable molecular characterization of diverse cell types and states, but how the resulting transcriptional and epigenetic profiles depend on the cell's genetic background remains understudied. We describe Monopogen, a computational tool to detect single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) from single-cell sequencing data. Monopogen leverages linkage disequilibrium from external reference panels to identify germline SNVs and detects putative somatic SNVs using allele cosegregating patterns at the cell population level. It can identify 100 K to 3 M germline SNVs achieving a genotyping accuracy of 95%, together with hundreds of putative somatic SNVs. Monopogen-derived genotypes enable global and local ancestry inference …

Astrocytes As A Mechanism For Contextually-Guided Network Dynamics And Function, Lulu Gong, Fabio Pasqualetti, Thomas Papouin, Shinung Ching

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Astrocytes are a ubiquitous and enigmatic type of non-neuronal cell and are found in the brain of all vertebrates. While traditionally viewed as being supportive of neurons, it is increasingly recognized that astrocytes play a more direct and active role in brain function and neural computation. On account of their sensitivity to a host of physiological covariates and ability to modulate neuronal activity and connectivity on slower time scales, astrocytes may be particularly well poised to modulate the dynamics of neural circuits in functionally salient ways. In the current paper, we seek to capture these features via actionable abstractions within …

Computationally Restoring The Potency Of A Clinical Antibody Against Omicron, Thomas A Desautels, Suzanne M Scheaffer, Bradley Whitener, James B Case, Larissa B Thackray, Michael S Diamond, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the promise of monoclonal antibody-based prophylactic and therapeutic drugs

Disease Staging Of Alzheimer's Disease Using A Csf-Based Biomarker Model, Gemma Salvadó, Kanta Horie, Nicolas R Barthélemy, Charles D Chen, Andrew J Aschenbrenner, Brian A Gordon, Tammie L S Benzinger, David M Holtzman, John C Morris, Suzanne E Schindler, Randall J Bateman, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Biological staging of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) may improve diagnostic and prognostic workup of dementia in clinical practice and the design of clinical trials. In this study, we used the Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn) algorithm to establish a robust biological staging model for AD using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. Our analysis involved 426 participants from BioFINDER-2 and was validated in 222 participants from the Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center cohort. SuStaIn identified a singular biomarker sequence and revealed that five CSF biomarkers effectively constituted a reliable staging model (ordered: Aβ42/40, pT217/T217, pT205/T205, MTBR-tau243 and non-phosphorylated mid-region tau). The …

Targeting Dendritic Cell Dysfunction To Circumvent Anti-Pd1 Resistance In Head And Neck Cancer, Shin Saito, Michihisa Kono, Hoang C B Nguyen, Ann Marie Egloff, Cameron Messier, Patrick Lizotte, Cloud Paweletz, Douglas Adkins, Ravindra Uppaluri

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Neoadjuvant anti-PD1 (aPD1) therapies are being explored in surgically resectable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Encouraging responses have been observed, but further insights into the mechanisms underlying resistance and approaches to improve responses are needed.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We integrated data from syngeneic mouse oral carcinoma (MOC) models and neoadjuvant pembrolizumab HNSCC patient tumor RNA-sequencing data to explore the mechanism of aPD1 resistance. Tumors and tumor-draining lymph nodes (DLN) from MOC models were analyzed for antigen-specific priming. CCL5 expression was enforced in an aPD1-resistant model.

RESULTS: An aPD1-resistant mouse model showed poor priming in the tumor DLN due …

Pml::Rara And Gata2 Proteins Interact Via Dna Templates To Induce Aberrant Self-Renewal In Mouse And Human Hematopoietic Cells, Casey D S Katerndahl, Olivia R S Rogers, Ryan B Day, Ziheng Xu, Nichole M Helton, Sai Mukund Ramakrishnan, Christopher A Miller, Timothy J Ley

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The underlying mechanism(s) by which the PML::RARA fusion protein initiates acute promyelocytic leukemia is not yet clear. We defined the genomic binding sites of PML::RARA in primary mouse and human hematopoietic progenitor cells with V5-tagged PML::RARA, using anti-V5-PML::RARA chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and CUT&RUN approaches. Most genomic PML::RARA binding sites were found in regions that were already chromatin-accessible (defined by ATAC-seq) in unmanipulated, wild-type promyelocytes, suggesting that these regions are "open" prior to PML::RARA expression. We found that GATA binding motifs, and the direct binding of the chromatin "pioneering factor" GATA2, were significantly enriched near PML::RARA binding sites. Proximity labeling studies …

Synergizing Deep Learning-Enabled Preprocessing And Human-Ai Integration For Efficient Automatic Ground Truth Generation, Christopher Collazo, Ian Vargas, Brendon Cara, Carla J Weinheimer, Ryan P Grabau, Dmitry Goldgof, Lawrence Hall, Samuel A Wickline, Hua Pan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The progress of incorporating deep learning in the field of medical image interpretation has been greatly hindered due to the tremendous cost and time associated with generating ground truth for supervised machine learning, alongside concerns about the inconsistent quality of images acquired. Active learning offers a potential solution to these problems of expanding dataset ground truth by algorithmically choosing the most informative samples for ground truth labeling. Still, this effort incurs the costs of human labeling, which needs minimization. Furthermore, automatic labeling approaches employing active learning often exhibit overfitting tendencies while selecting samples closely aligned with the training set distribution …

Tailoring Fxr Modulators For Intestinal Specificity: Recent Progress And Insights, Amanda Morrison, Bahaa Elgendy

2020-Current year OA Pubs

While FXR has shown promise in regulating bile acid synthesis and maintaining glucose and lipid homeostasis, undesired side effects have been observed in clinical trials. To address this issue, the development of intestinally restricted FXR modulators has gained attention as a new avenue for drug design with the potential for safer systematic effects. Our review examines all currently known intestinally restricted FXR ligands and provides insights into the steps taken to enhance intestinal selectivity.

Type 2 Cannabinoid Receptor Expression On Microglial Cells Regulates Neuroinflammation During Graft-Versus-Host Disease, Alison Moe, Aditya Rayasam, Garrett Sauber, Ravi K. Shah, Ashley Doherty, Cheng-Yin Yuan, Aniko Szabo, Bob M. Moore Ii, Marco Colonna, Weiguo Cui, Julian Romero, Anthony E. Zamora, Cecilia J Hillard, William R. Drobyski

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Neuroinflammation is a recognized complication of immunotherapeutic approaches such as immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment, chimeric antigen receptor therapy, and graft versus host disease (GVHD) occurring after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. While T cells and inflammatory cytokines play a role in this process, the precise interplay between the adaptive and innate arms of the immune system that propagates inflammation in the central nervous system remains incompletely understood. Using a murine model of GVHD, we demonstrate that type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R) signaling plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of neuroinflammation. In these studies, we identify that CB2R expression on …

An Update On Implant-Associated Malignancies And Their Biocompatibility, Grace C Keane Tahmaseb, Alexandra M Keane, Jose A Foppiani, Terence M Myckatyn

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Implanted medical devices are widely used across various medical specialties for numerous applications, ranging from cardiovascular supports to orthopedic prostheses and cosmetic enhancements. However, recent observations have raised concerns about the potential of these implants to induce malignancies in the tissues surrounding them. There have been several case reports documenting the occurrence of cancers adjacent to these devices, prompting a closer examination of their safety. This review delves into the epidemiology, clinical presentations, pathological findings, and hypothesized mechanisms of carcinogenesis related to implanted devices. It also explores how the surgical domain and the intrinsic properties and biocompatibility of the implants …

Myadm Binds Human Parechovirus 1 And Is Essential For Viral Entry, Wenjie Qiao, Christopher M Richards, Youlim Kim, James R Zengel, Siyuan Ding, Harry B Greenberg, Jan E Carette

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Human parechoviruses (PeV-A) are increasingly being recognized as a cause of infection in neonates and young infants, leading to a spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from mild gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses to severe sepsis and meningitis. However, the host factors required for parechovirus entry and infection remain poorly characterized. Here, using genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 loss-of-function screens, we identify myeloid-associated differentiation marker (MYADM) as a host factor essential for the entry of several human parechovirus genotypes including PeV-A1, PeV-A2 and PeV-A3. Genetic knockout of MYADM confers resistance to PeV-A infection in cell lines and in human gastrointestinal epithelial organoids. Using immunoprecipitation, we …

Functional Organization Of Posterior Parietal Cortex Circuitry Based On Inferred Information Flow, Jung Uk Kang, Eric Mooshagian, Lawrence H Snyder

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Many studies infer the role of neurons by asking what information can be decoded from their activity or by observing the consequences of perturbing their activity. An alternative approach is to consider information flow between neurons. We applied this approach to the parietal reach region (PRR) and the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) in posterior parietal cortex. Two complementary methods imply that across a range of reaching tasks, information flows primarily from PRR to LIP. This indicates that during a coordinated reach task, LIP has minimal influence on PRR and rules out the idea that LIP forms a general purpose spatial …

Large-Scale Annotated Dataset For Cochlear Hair Cell Detection And Classification, Christopher J Buswinka, Jinkyung Kim, Anthony J Ricci, Mark A Rutherford, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Our sense of hearing is mediated by cochlear hair cells, of which there are two types organized in one row of inner hair cells and three rows of outer hair cells. Each cochlea contains 5-15 thousand terminally differentiated hair cells, and their survival is essential for hearing as they do not regenerate after insult. It is often desirable in hearing research to quantify the number of hair cells within cochlear samples, in both pathological conditions, and in response to treatment. Machine learning can be used to automate the quantification process but requires a vast and diverse dataset for effective training. …

Single-Cell T-Cell Receptor Repertoire Profiling In Dogs, My H Hoang, Zachary L Skidmore, Hans Rindt, Shirley Chu, Bryan Fisk, Jennifer A Foltz, Catrina Fronick, Robert Fulton, Mingyi Zhou, Nathan J Bivens, Carol N Reinero, Todd A Fehniger, Malachi Griffith, Jeffrey N Bryan, Obi L Griffith

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Spontaneous cancers in companion dogs are robust models of human disease. Tracking tumor-specific immune responses in these models requires reagents to perform species-specific single cell T cell receptor sequencing (scTCRseq). scTCRseq and integration with scRNA data have not been demonstrated on companion dogs with cancer. Here, five healthy dogs, two dogs with T cell lymphoma and four dogs with melanoma are selected to demonstrate applicability of scTCRseq in a cancer immunotherapy setting. Single-cell suspensions of PBMCs or lymph node aspirates are profiled using scRNA and dog-specific scTCRseq primers. In total, 77,809 V(D)J-expressing cells are detected, with an average of 3498 …

Sars-Cov-2 Omicron Ba.1 Variant Infection Of Human Colon Epithelial Cells, Avan Antia, David M Alvarado, Qiru Zeng, Luis A Casorla-Perez, Deanna L Davis, Naomi M Sonnek, Matthew A Ciorba, Siyuan Ding

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, characterized by multiple subvariants including BA.1, XBB.1.5, EG.5, and JN.1, became the predominant strain in early 2022. Studies indicate that Omicron replicates less efficiently in lung tissue compared to the ancestral strain. However, the infectivity of Omicron in the gastrointestinal tract is not fully defined, despite the fact that 70% of COVID-19 patients experience digestive disease symptoms. Here, using primary human colonoids, we found that, regardless of individual variability, Omicron infects colon cells similarly or less effectively than the ancestral strain or the Delta variant. The variant induced limited type III interferon expression and showed …

Bioresorbable, Wireless, Passive Sensors For Continuous Ph Measurements And Early Detection Of Gastric Leakage, Shuo Li, Yameng Xu, Ying Yan, Jorge Zárate Rodriguez, Mitchell A Pet, Chet W Hammill, Matthew R Macewan, Wilson Z Ray, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Continuous monitoring of biomarkers at locations adjacent to targeted internal organs can provide actionable information about postoperative status beyond conventional diagnostic methods. As an example, changes in pH in the intra-abdominal space after gastric surgeries can serve as direct indicators of potentially life-threatening leakage events, in contrast to symptomatic reactions that may delay treatment. Here, we report a bioresorbable, wireless, passive sensor that addresses this clinical need, designed to locally monitor pH for early detection of gastric leakage. A pH-responsive hydrogel serves as a transducer that couples to a mechanically optimized inductor-capacitor circuit for wireless readout. This platform enables real-time …

Estimated Health Benefits, Costs And Cost-Effectiveness Of Eliminating Industrial Trans-Fatty Acids In Nigeria: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, Matti Marklund, Leopold N Aminde, Mary Njeri Wanjau, Boni M Ale, Adedayo E Ojo, Clementina E Okoro, Abimbola Adegboye, Liping Huang, J Lennert Veerman, Jason Hy Wu, Mark D Huffman, Dike B Ojji

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Nigeria is committed to reducing industrial

METHODS: The effect on ischaemic heart disease (IHD) burden, costs and cost-effectiveness of a mandatory iTFA limit (≤2% of all fats) for foods in Nigeria were estimated using Markov cohort models. Data on demographics, IHD epidemiology and

RESULTS: Over the first 10 years, a mandatory iTFA limit (assumed to eliminate iTFA intake) was estimated to prevent 9996 (95% uncertainty interval: 8870 to 11 118) IHD deaths and 66 569 (58 862 to 74 083) IHD events, and to save US$90 million (78 to 102) in healthcare costs. The corresponding lifetime estimates were 259 …

Characterization Of Early Markers Of Disease In The Mouse Model Of Mucopolysaccharidosis Iiib, Katherine B Mccullough, Amanda Titus, Kate Reardon, Sara Conyers, Joseph D Dougherty, Xia Ge, Joel R Garbow, Patricia Dickson, Carla M Yuede, Susan E Maloney

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) IIIB, also known as Sanfilippo Syndrome B, is a devastating childhood disease. Unfortunately, there are currently no available treatments for MPS IIIB patients. Yet, animal models of lysosomal storage diseases have been valuable tools in identifying promising avenues of treatment. Enzyme replacement therapy, gene therapy, and bone marrow transplant have all shown efficacy in the MPS IIIB model systems. A ubiquitous finding across rodent models of lysosomal storage diseases is that the best treatment outcomes resulted from intervention prior to symptom onset. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to identify early markers of disease in …

Encoding Of Visual Objects In The Human Medial Temporal Lobe, Yue Wang, Runnan Cao, Shuo Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The human medial temporal lobe (MTL) plays a crucial role in recognizing visual objects, a key cognitive function that relies on the formation of semantic representations. Nonetheless, it remains unknown how visual information of general objects is translated into semantic representations in the MTL. Furthermore, the debate about whether the human MTL is involved in perception has endured for a long time. To address these questions, we investigated three distinct models of neural object coding-semantic coding, axis-based feature coding, and region-based feature coding-in each subregion of the human MTL, using high-resolution fMRI in two male and six female participants. Our …

Host Response During Unresolved Urinary Tract Infection Alters Female Mammary Tissue Homeostasis Through Collagen Deposition And Timp1, Samantha Henry, Xue-Yan He, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Exposure to pathogens throughout a lifetime influences immunity and organ function. Here, we explore how the systemic host-response to bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) induces tissue-specific alterations to the mammary gland. Utilizing a combination of histological tissue analysis, single cell transcriptomics, and flow cytometry, we identify that mammary tissue from UTI-bearing mice displays collagen deposition, enlarged ductal structures, ductal hyperplasia with atypical epithelial transcriptomes and altered immune composition. Bacterial cells are absent in the mammary tissue and blood of UTI-bearing mice, therefore, alterations to the distal mammary tissue are mediated by the systemic host response to local infection. Furthermore, broad …

Novel Jak Inhibitors To Reduce Graft-Versus-Host Disease After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation In A Preclinical Mouse Model, Sena Kim, Peter Ruminski, Megh Singh, Karl Staser, Kidist Ashami, Julie Ritchey, Sora Lim, John F Dipersio, Jaebok Choi

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is a highly effective, well-established treatment for patients with various hematologic malignancies and non-malignant diseases. The therapeutic benefits of allo-HCT are mediated by alloreactive T cells in donor grafts. However, there is a significant risk of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), in which the donor T cells recognize recipient cells as foreign and attack healthy organs in addition to malignancies. We previously demonstrated that targeting JAK1/JAK2, mediators of interferon-gamma receptor (IFNGR) and IL-6 receptor signaling, in donor T cells using baricitinib and ruxolitinib results in a significant reduction in GvHD after allo-HCT. Furthermore, we showed that balanced …

Evolution Of The Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (Tlif): From Open To Percutaneous To Patient-Specific, Peter N Drossopoulos, Favour C Ononogbu-Uche, Troy Q Tabarestani, Chuan-Ching Huang, Mounica Paturu, Anas Bardeesi, Wilson Z Ray, Christopher I Shaffrey, C Rory Goodwin, Melissa Erickson, John H Chi, Muhammad M Abd-El-Barr

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) has seen significant evolution since its early inception, reflecting advancements in surgical techniques, patient safety, and outcomes. Originally described as an improvement over the posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), the TLIF began as an open surgical procedure, that notably reduced the need for the extensive neural retractation that hindered the PLIF. In line with the broader practice of surgery, trending toward minimally invasive access, the TLIF was followed by the development of the minimally invasive TLIF (MIS-TLIF), a technique that further decreased tissue trauma and postoperative complications. Subsequent advancements, including Trans-Kambin's Triangle TLIF (percLIF) …