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Education To Improve Knowledge On Effective Communication Among Health Care Staff, Afolake Olajumoke Benson Mar 2026

Education To Improve Knowledge On Effective Communication Among Health Care Staff, Afolake Olajumoke Benson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This doctoral project was conducted at a family practice clinic to assess the impact of staff education on the clinic staff knowledge of the use of situation, background, assessment, recommendation (SBAR) as a communication tool. Miscommunication among healthcare staff is a practice problem at the clinic caused by unstructured sharing of information, which often results in delay in patient care, occurrence of medical errors, and decrease in patient safety, thus the need to address this problem. The purpose of the project was to use staff education on SBAR to increase the clinic staff knowledge on the use of SBAR as …


Falls In Inpatient Hospital Settings, Merlina Constantine Mar 2026

Falls In Inpatient Hospital Settings, Merlina Constantine

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Inpatient falls are a common and preventable problem that affects health care costs, patient safety, and clinical quality. Inpatient falls occur within hospitals, cause harm, extend hospitalization, and require additional healthcare funding. Falls harm a patient’s physical health and cause emotional trauma, decrease patient satisfaction, and undermine confidence in the hospital care systems. Falls are therefore a significant concern in the nursing practice environment because nurses form the first component of prevention, monitoring, and intervention. This doctoral project aimed to re-educate and reinforce staff understanding of clinical guidelines to prevent inpatient falls through evidence-based interventions targeting environmental, behavioral, and organizational …


Perspectives Of Elementary Teachers On The Challenges Of Implementing Reading Technology, Hajirah Abdullah Mar 2026

Perspectives Of Elementary Teachers On The Challenges Of Implementing Reading Technology, Hajirah Abdullah

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Reading skills in elementary school students continue to decline despite the efforts of teachers and lawmakers. The problem addressed through this study was that although teachers at ABC Elementary School (pseudonym) had access to 30 different software/apps for technology literacy programs that could help improve student achievement on state assessments, district data showed that very few teachers were using the technology with students. The purpose of this qualitative project study was to explore the perspectives of elementary teachers on the challenges of implementing reading technology and ways to better support its use in classroom instruction at ABC Elementary School. The …


Hr Strategies Used To Reduce Employee Turnover And Employee Replacement Costs, Karlita Mcclinton Mar 2026

Hr Strategies Used To Reduce Employee Turnover And Employee Replacement Costs, Karlita Mcclinton

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Ineffective employee well-being strategies can contribute to elevated levels of voluntary turnover, resulting in increased employee replacement costs, lost organizational knowledge, and operational disruption. Human resource (HR) leaders who do not successfully develop employee well-being strategies may find their organization facing operational disruptions as a result. Grounded in social sustainability and the European corporate sustainability frameworks, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry research project was to identify and explore effective employee well-being strategies used by HR leaders to reduce employee turnover and employee replacement costs. The participants were 10 HR leaders who had implemented effective employee well-being strategies. Data …


The Experiences Of Faith-Based Non-Profit Human Services Professionals In The Implementation Of Parental Resources For Homeless Mothers, Latasha Sublett Mar 2026

The Experiences Of Faith-Based Non-Profit Human Services Professionals In The Implementation Of Parental Resources For Homeless Mothers, Latasha Sublett

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Homelessness is a worldwide, complex social problem that has impacted groups like women and children. In recent studies, researchers have demonstrated that homeless mothers can face mental health challenges and stressors related to parenting, while homeless children can experience emotional and physical difficulties. Parental resources have been cited as a tool to help homeless families address stress and development in distinct settings in current research; however, there was limited research on how faith-based non-profits utilize parental resources to help homeless mothers. The purpose of the generic qualitative study was to learn the perceptions and experiences of faith-based non-profit human services …


Relationship Between Teacher Psychological Safety And Perceived Administrator Support In Independent Schools, Kim Schinzel Mar 2026

Relationship Between Teacher Psychological Safety And Perceived Administrator Support In Independent Schools, Kim Schinzel

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.


Coping Strategies, Barriers, And Supports Of Female Nurses And Veterans With A Work-Related Traumatic Exacerbation Of An Existing Respiratory Disorder, Joanna Lynn Phillips Mar 2026

Coping Strategies, Barriers, And Supports Of Female Nurses And Veterans With A Work-Related Traumatic Exacerbation Of An Existing Respiratory Disorder, Joanna Lynn Phillips

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The United States Department of Defense and Bureau of Labor Statistics estimated that female veterans and nurses experience work-related trauma at rates of 51% or higher. While many studies have examined their mental health outcomes, posttraumatic worsening of physical health has been less studied in this population. This generic qualitative inquiry was conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the subjective lived experiences of female nurses and veterans' work-related traumatic exacerbation of an existing respiratory disorder. The coping strategies developed, the potential barriers they overcame, and the support systems used were examined. The theoretical framework that grounded this study was …


Exercise Effects On Decreased Levels Of Depression In Female Breast Cancer Patients, Dorothy Y. Spencer Mar 2026

Exercise Effects On Decreased Levels Of Depression In Female Breast Cancer Patients, Dorothy Y. Spencer

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Breast cancer patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) are at a high risk of experiencing pain and fatigue, anxiety and substance use, poor quality of life, marital spouses with elevated depression, impaired sexual functioning, sleep disorders, poor immune system functioning, rapid progression of cancer, and higher mortality rates. Grounded in Fritz Heider’s attribution theory, the purpose of this quantitative quasi-experimental study was to examine the relationship between physical exercise and a decrease in MDD. The participants comprised of 15 female breast cancer patients, 18 years of age and older, who may have experienced depression. The participants completed the Beck Depression …


Effective Strategies For Hospital Adoption Of Value-Based Reimbursement Models, Nicholas Isbell Mar 2026

Effective Strategies For Hospital Adoption Of Value-Based Reimbursement Models, Nicholas Isbell

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Acute care hospitals continue to experience financial strain as the healthcare system transitions from fee for service to value-based reimbursement (VBR) models. The purpose of this integrative review was to identify evidence-based financial, clinical, and operational strategies that support hospital adaptation to value-based models while maintaining financial stability and high-quality care. The guiding question focused on determining which strategies reduce financial pressures and improve value-based performance in acute care hospitals. Guided by resource-based theory, this integrative review included 25 empirical and nonempirical studies published between 2019 and 2025 that examined U.S. acute care hospitals. Data were synthesized through a thematic …


Exploring The Strategies Used By Caribbean Business Leaders To Adopt Artificial Intelligence To Improve Business Performance And Decision-Making, Hazarie Ramoutar Mar 2026

Exploring The Strategies Used By Caribbean Business Leaders To Adopt Artificial Intelligence To Improve Business Performance And Decision-Making, Hazarie Ramoutar

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

A lack of effective strategies for adopting generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) limits business leaders in the Caribbean’s ability to enhance business performance and decision-making. Business executives, shareholders, employees, and policymakers are vested in the success of Caribbean businesses to remain competitive and become more efficient. Grounded in the technology acceptance model (TAM), the purpose of this qualitative, pragmatic inquiry project was to identify and explore the strategies Caribbean business leaders use to successfully adopt GenAI, thereby enhancing business performance and decision-making. The participants were seven business leaders from for-profit organizations in the English-speaking Caribbean. Data were collected using semistructured interview-based …


Contributing Factors To The Rise In Juvenile Gun-Related Homicides: Investigating Criminal Behavior In Southern Georgia, Tracey Hudson Mar 2026

Contributing Factors To The Rise In Juvenile Gun-Related Homicides: Investigating Criminal Behavior In Southern Georgia, Tracey Hudson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Gun-related juvenile homicides continue to be a critical public health and social issue, disproportionally affecting African American males aged 17. Prior research identified poverty, neighborhood violence, individual and familial risks, gang affiliation, and inadequate education as contributors to the increase in juvenile gun-related homicides. In this study, the relationship between gun-related juvenile homicides and poverty, violent crimes, and gang affiliation were examined from 2019 to 2023 in 66 counties within South Georgia. Guided by sociological positivism, a quantitative non-experimental design was used using secondary data sources that included juvenile homicide totals, demographic characteristics, poverty levels, violent crime rates, and gang …


Exploring The Lived Experiences Of African American Women In Counseling For Body Dysmorphia, Sitonja Valenzuela Mar 2026

Exploring The Lived Experiences Of African American Women In Counseling For Body Dysmorphia, Sitonja Valenzuela

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African American women may experience body dysmorphia differently due to cultural, racial, and societal influences that shape their body perceptions and counseling experiences. Guided by a Heideggerian theoretical foundation, this hermeneutic phenomenological study aimed to explore how African American women experience receiving counseling for body dysmorphia in the United States. The guiding research question was: How do African American women with body dysmorphia experience receiving help in counseling? Eight African American women participated in in-depth, semi-structured interviews, and data analytic procedures were analyzed using the hermeneutic circle. Key findings revealed body dysmorphia as a persistent, embodied experience shaped by racialized …


Exploring The Process Of Using Equine-Assisted Psychotherapy To Treat Anxiety, Danica Yates Mar 2026

Exploring The Process Of Using Equine-Assisted Psychotherapy To Treat Anxiety, Danica Yates

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Anxiety is the most rapidly growing mental health problem globally, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Mental health clinicians need effective integrative health treatment strategies to address the anxiety epidemic. The purpose of this qualitative generic study was to explore the perspectives of clinicians on the process of using equine-assisted psychotherapy (EAP) to treat adolescents and young adults with anxiety through the lens of a somatic theory, bioenergetics. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 12 EAP clinicians and analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis. Three themes were identified: 1. The process of EAP is highly effective because energetic …


Identity Restoration Theory: Reclaiming Cultural Identity As A Pathway To Reintegration, Sigifredo Castell Britton Mar 2026

Identity Restoration Theory: Reclaiming Cultural Identity As A Pathway To Reintegration, Sigifredo Castell Britton

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

This article introduces Identity Restoration Theory (IRT), a new theoretical framework that explains what formerly incarcerated individuals need to reconnect with disrupted cultural identities as a pathway to reintegration. Grounded in qualitative fieldwork with Raizal ex-offenders and community leaders on San Andrés Island, Colombia, IRT is designed to conceptualize reintegration, not as institutional resettlement, but as a culturally rooted process of re-embedding identity within community and place. The framework delineates five interdependent constructs—cultural memory, place reconnection, narrative repair, communal belonging, and agency activation—that emerged inductively from participant narratives. Anchored in the postcolonial context of an Afro-Caribbean island society, IRT provides …


Assessing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Christine A. Mccaulay Mar 2026

Assessing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Christine A. Mccaulay

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This Doctor of Nursing Practice capstone project presents the development and evaluation of a clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the assessment and management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in adults. The project addresses the ongoing challenge of diabetes-related complications and hospitalizations, highlighting the critical role of personalized patient education and the integration of smartphone technology for home monitoring. Central to this initiative was the question of whether an expert panel would endorse an evidence-based guideline for diabetes monitoring using innovative technology, as evaluated by the AGREE II tool. A robust review of the literature supported the guideline’s development, with high-quality …


Effective Marketing Strategies Of Private Entities For Leading The United States Military Armed Forces, Harry B. Willis Iii Mar 2026

Effective Marketing Strategies Of Private Entities For Leading The United States Military Armed Forces, Harry B. Willis Iii

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Ineffective marketing strategies contribute to lower retention outcomes by failing to communicate the value of training programs and build sustained community engagement. Training managers must implement intentional marketing strategies that strengthen community engagement and improve participant retention. Grounded in organization theory, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry was to explore the successful marketing strategies used by training managers of private organizations in the United States to increase military numbers. The participants were six training managers from the Southwest United States. Data were collected from semistructured interviews. Through thematic analysis, four themes emerged: (a) marketing strategies, (b) training managers, (c) …


Evaluation Of Nurses' Leadership Self-Efficacy In Belize, Ruth Rosalee Reina Jones Mar 2026

Evaluation Of Nurses' Leadership Self-Efficacy In Belize, Ruth Rosalee Reina Jones

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Nursing leadership in Belize is lacking but crucial to the well-being of patients, families, and the healthcare team. The purpose of this non-experimental, descriptive, comparative study was to a) determine the difference in leadership self-efficacy for current nurse leaders with three years or less of leadership experience compared to current nurse leaders with more than three years of leadership experience in Belize, and b) examine the differences in leadership self-efficacy between nurses in a leadership position and nurses not in a leadership position in Belize. The theories supporting the study were Burns’ transformational leadership theory and leadership self-efficacy, based on …


Standardizing Data-Sharing And Communication Procedures Among Healthcare Providers To Enhance Disaster Response, Bahaeldin Mahmoud Mar 2026

Standardizing Data-Sharing And Communication Procedures Among Healthcare Providers To Enhance Disaster Response, Bahaeldin Mahmoud

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Effective data sharing during disasters remains an unresolved administrative challenge for acute care hospitals, as fragmented communication directly affects patient safety and impacts vulnerable populations. This study identified gaps in hospitals' alignment with the Emergency Management Conditions of Participation standards. This integrative review applied a Complex Adaptive Systems conceptual framework to analyze the interdependent technological, governance, and human factors that cause systemic failures. The purpose of the review was to determine actionable administrative strategies that enhance data-sharing resilience. The guiding question examined barriers to standardized data sharing and communication in disaster preparedness and the approaches to address them. The methodology …


Elementary Administrators’ Use Of Positive Behavioral Interventions And Supports As A School Reform Model For Discipline, Rashida Patrecé Lee Mar 2026

Elementary Administrators’ Use Of Positive Behavioral Interventions And Supports As A School Reform Model For Discipline, Rashida Patrecé Lee

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The problem that was addressed through this study was that elementary administrators struggle to implement the positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBIS) framework as a school reform model for discipline at a Southern school district (SSD). Grounded in Bandura’s theory on social learning, the purpose of this qualitative study was to explore elementary administrators’ perceptions of their successes, challenges, and recommendations for using the PBIS framework as a school reform model for discipline in the SSD. For this basic qualitative design, semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 administrators that implemented the PBIS framework in their schools. Through thematic analysis using …


Opioid Overdose Associations In The United States Among Pregnant And Postpartum Women During 2019-2023, Permecia Winston-Dixon Mar 2026

Opioid Overdose Associations In The United States Among Pregnant And Postpartum Women During 2019-2023, Permecia Winston-Dixon

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The rising trend of opioid-involved overdose deaths among pregnant and postpartum women in the United States from 2019 to 2023 represents a pressing public health issue. This population faces increasing risk due to opioid use and co-occurring mental health conditions, yet remains underrepresented in research. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the association between opioid involvement among pregnancy-associated overdose deaths, while controlling for pandemic periods (pre-COVID: 2019, peak COVID: 2020–2021, post-peak COVID: 2022–2023). Grounded in the syndemic theory, this study addressed two research questions Grounded in syndemic theory, this study addressed two research questions focused on opioid-involved …


Underreporting Of Campus Crimes: A Study On Students' Preference For Peer Reporting Over Official Channels, Vanessa White Mar 2026

Underreporting Of Campus Crimes: A Study On Students' Preference For Peer Reporting Over Official Channels, Vanessa White

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Underreporting of campus crime remains a persistent challenge in higher education, with many students choosing to disclose incidents to peers rather than formal institutional channels. This qualitative phenomenological study was an exploration of the social and psychological factors influencing college students’ preference for peer-based disclosure over official reporting mechanisms, with particular attention to peer influence, social norms, and institutional trust. Guided by bystander intervention theory and victim precipitation theory, data were collected through an anonymous, open-ended online survey completed by 13 individuals who had attended traditional, in-person colleges or universities within the past 5 years. Thematic analysis was used to …


Anxiety, Cognitive Load, And Simulation Effectiveness In Pre-Licensure Bsn Students, Brittany Behrens Mar 2026

Anxiety, Cognitive Load, And Simulation Effectiveness In Pre-Licensure Bsn Students, Brittany Behrens

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

High-fidelity simulation experiences are an integral component of pre-licensure nursing curricula, providing students with realistic, controlled environments to develop clinical judgement skills. While these simulations enhance learning, they can increase anxiety and cognitive load, potentially impairing students’ ability to process information and derive meaningful outcomes. The purpose of this quantitative, correlational study was to examine the relationships among pre-simulation anxiety, cognitive load, and perceived simulation effectiveness in pre-licensure BSN students. Data were collected from 90 participants using the shortened Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Cognitive Load Measurement–Naïve Rating Questionnaire, and the Simulation Effectiveness Tool–Modified (SET-M). Pearson correlation analyses indicated …


Human Services Administrators’ Perceptions Of Youth In Acute Crisis Needs, Carey Alvord Mar 2026

Human Services Administrators’ Perceptions Of Youth In Acute Crisis Needs, Carey Alvord

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There is a lack of acute crisis services for youth in the United States. In San Luis Obispo County, California, there are no designated facilities with crisis stabilization services near family homes for children in acute crisis. Grounded in Stroul et al.’s system of care approach for children and families, the purpose of this qualitative force field analysis study was to explore human service administrators’ perceptions of the services youth in acute crisis need to stabilize within San Luis Obispo County. Directors at youth human services county departments and nonprofits were contacted to help recruit a purposeful sample of 11 …


From Silos To Systems: Examining Leadership Communication During Change In A Non-Profit Behavioral Health Organization, Julie Skye Raskin-Li Mar 2026

From Silos To Systems: Examining Leadership Communication During Change In A Non-Profit Behavioral Health Organization, Julie Skye Raskin-Li

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Silo mentality within nonprofit behavioral health organizations creates barriers to effective leadership communication and undermines change management efforts. This case study involved examining how siloed practices influenced leadership communication during organizational change at a nonprofit behavioral health organization in a rural area of California. The study was grounded in the Baldrige Excellence Framework, which emphasizes leadership, workforce engagement, and systems alignment. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with leaders at multiple organizational levels and review of internal archival documents. Thematic analysis revealed 3 central themes: siloed decision-making, information gatekeeping, and inconsistent communication, as well as localized resilience practices that were …


Access To Care, Vaccine Hesitancy, And The Lived Experiences Of African Americans Living In Pulaski County, Arkansas, Donald Ray Kelly Ellis Jr. Mar 2026

Access To Care, Vaccine Hesitancy, And The Lived Experiences Of African Americans Living In Pulaski County, Arkansas, Donald Ray Kelly Ellis Jr.

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Arkansas’s COVID-19 vaccine rates were among the lowest for African Americans in Arkansas, who were hesitant to accept the vaccine. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of African American adults in Pulaski County, Arkansas, and to explore factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and access to health care services. Guided by Andersen’s health care utilization model, the study focused on predisposing, enabling, and need-based factors shaping health care decision making. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 8 African American adults and analyzed using directed content analysis. Findings from the analysis revealed 365 codes, …


Perceptions Of Black And Hispanic Superintendents In Texas Regarding Their Superintendency Pathways, Maria Faqier Mar 2026

Perceptions Of Black And Hispanic Superintendents In Texas Regarding Their Superintendency Pathways, Maria Faqier

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The lack of diversity in the superintendent workforce in Texas is a significant concern that affects the educational experiences and opportunities of Texas students, teachers, families, and their communities. The problem addressed through this study was the underrepresentation of Black and Hispanic superintendents in Texas school districts. Guided by critical race theory and intersectionality theory, the purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore Black and Hispanic superintendents’ perceptions of their successes, challenges, and recommendations to secure a superintendent position in Texas. Semistructured interviews were conducted with nine Black and Hispanic superintendents (two Black women, two Black men, two …


Effects Of Technology-Integrated Science Of Reading And Kindergarten Readiness On Reading Fluency, Jeffrey Maxey Mar 2026

Effects Of Technology-Integrated Science Of Reading And Kindergarten Readiness On Reading Fluency, Jeffrey Maxey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The Science of Reading (SoR) model has influenced curriculum reform through state mandates and classroom practices emphasizing explicit, systematic phonics instruction in response to national trends indicating significant deficits in students’ reading abilities. The problem addressed through this study was the gap in knowledge on the effect of technology-integrated SoR on early elementary students’ reading skills at a large southeastern U.S. public school district. Grounded in Gough and Tunmer’s simple view of reading theory, the purpose of this quantitative study was to explore the main and interaction effects of students’ Kindergarten Readiness Assessment (KRA) levels and 2 years of technology-integrated …


Exploring The Connection Between Cultural Humility And The Hexaco 60 Pi-R Among Licensed Professional Counselors In The United States, Debbie Franzen Franzen-Lang Mar 2026

Exploring The Connection Between Cultural Humility And The Hexaco 60 Pi-R Among Licensed Professional Counselors In The United States, Debbie Franzen Franzen-Lang

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Cultural humility is essential to effective counseling across diverse populations, yet its dispositional foundations remain unclear, limiting the development of evidence based, personality informed training strategies in counselor education. Grounded in Foronda’s Cultural Humility theory, this quantitative, nonexperimental study examined the relationship between personality traits and cultural humility among licensed professional counselors in the United States. The participants included 125 licensed professional counselors who completed the HEXACO PI R 60-item inventory and Foronda’s Cultural Humility Scale. The results of a multiple linear regression were statistically significant for the overall model, F(6,118) = 6.165, p < .001, R² = .239, accounting for 23.9% of the variance in cultural humility. Openness to experience was a significantly negative predictor (B = –.519, p < .001), indicating that higher openness scores were associated with lower cultural humility; honesty-humility was not statistically significant (p = .052), and the remaining traits also were not significant predictors. These findings complicate assumptions about the dispositional roots of cultural humility and suggest potential implications for counselor education, including experiential learning, reflective supervision, and skills-based training that may support cultural humility development. The results suggest that personality traits may play a role in cultural humility and may have implications for integrating personality-related insights into multicultural frameworks, conceptualizing humility as a dynamic construct influenced by both traits and context.


Intimate Partners Of National Guard And Reserve Members And Veterans With A Mental Health Diagnosis, Christine Sutton Mar 2026

Intimate Partners Of National Guard And Reserve Members And Veterans With A Mental Health Diagnosis, Christine Sutton

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Research has documented increasing mental health challenges among military service members; however, limited scholarship examines the lived experiences of partners of National Guard and Reserve members when a mental health diagnosis is present within the relationship. Despite expanded attention to active-duty families, National Guard partners remain underrepresented while navigating dual civilian–military demands, fragmented support systems, and inconsistent access to care. The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to explore and interpret the lived experiences of partners of National Guard and Reserve service members diagnosed with a mental health condition. Guided by a hermeneutic phenomenological framework, the study explored how …


Public Policy Issues Faced By Educators Teaching Incarcerated Youth, Tariq Shabazz Mar 2026

Public Policy Issues Faced By Educators Teaching Incarcerated Youth, Tariq Shabazz

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Educational policies at the federal, state, and juvenile levels shape the academic transfer and reintegration processes for youth returning from confinement to public schools in the United States. Despite the passage of the Every Student Succeeds Act of 2015, the literature indicates that policies at the federal, state, and programmatic levels were not fully aligned. Each required education to be provided to juveniles while incarcerated, but each did not show how this education was transferred afterward or if this was a requirement at each level. The purpose of this general qualitative study was to conduct a comparative policy analysis of …