Digital Commons Network^™

Comparison Of Bovine Mammary Involution And Intramammary Infections Following Intramammary Treatment With Casein Hydrolysate And Other Conventional Treatments At Dry-Off, Justine E. Britten, Kerry A. Rood, David J. Wilson

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Student Research

Alternatives to routine antibiotic treatment of dairy cattle during the dry period before their next calving are of interest. This was a preliminary study of whether intramammary infusion of casein hydrolysate, administered alone or combined with standard dry treatment, accelerated the rate of mammary involution early in the dry period. Four treatments were studied in a split udder design. One udder half was assigned a treatment, and the contralateral half was administered dry cow treatment + internal teat sealant as a control. Treatments were casein hydrolysate, casein hydrolysate + dry cow treatment, casein hydrolysate + teat sealant and casein hydrolysate …

Moderate Plant–Soil Feedbacks Have Small Effects On The Biodiversity–Productivity Relationship: A Field Experiment, Josephine Grenzer, Andrew Kulmatiski, Leslie Forero, Anne Ebeling, Nico Eisenhauer, Jeanette Norton

Wildland Resources Student Research

Plant–soil feedback (PSF) has gained attention as a mechanism promoting plant growth and coexistence. However, most PSF research has measured monoculture growth in greenhouse conditions. Translating PSFs into effects on plant growth in field communities remains an important frontier for PSF research. Using a 4-year, factorial field experiment in Jena, Germany, we measured the growth of nine grassland species on soils conditioned by each of the target species (i.e., 72 PSFs). Plant community models were parameterized with or without these PSF effects, and model predictions were compared to plant biomass production in diversity–productivity experiments. Plants created soils that changed subsequent …

Nickel Catalyzed Electrochemical C-C Cross-Coupling Reactions, T. Leo Liu

Funded Research Records

No abstract provided.

Life Paths To Leading Systems-Level Change: Higher Education’S Pitfalls And Potential, Roslynn Brain Mccann, Kaitlyn Spangler, Andrew Millison

Environment and Society Faculty Publications

Global protests calling for accelerated climate change action, social justice, and racial equity have been shifting long- standing conversations and policies from local to national scales. Yet many activists can become psychologically drained by the frustration and loss of hope in fighting against structural oppression. This study was comprised of semi-structured qualitative interviews spanning across the United States with 25 leaders and practitioners in permaculture design, a solutions-based ecological design framework to enact positive, systems-level environmental and social change. The objective was to better understand their life paths toward such work. The research showed that higher education is not adequately …

Creaciones En La Cocina Curriculum, Celina Wille

All Current Publications

Este currículo es una interpretación al español y adaptación cultural basado en su mayoría en la publicación titulada CREATE FAMILY MEALS* de Food Sense del Programa de Extensión de la Universidad Estatal de Utah (USU).

Mejore Su Salud, Celina Wille, Laura Licon, Laura Paola Johnson, Anny Galvin

All Current Publications

Create Better Health/Mejore su salud es una versión cultural adaptada de Create Better Health evaluada por expertos y escrita en español, Create Better Health es un currículo del programa Create Better Health Utah SNAP-Ed originalmente adaptado de Creates: Essentials in Creating Family Meals por Debra Christofferson, M.D.A., R.D., C.D. Los miembros del equipo de publicación de la versión en inglés son: Casey Coombs, M.S., R.D., C.D., subdirectora de Create Better Health Utah; Jaqueline Neid-Avila, M.D.A., R.D., C.D .; y editores / colaboradores Heidi LeBlanc, M.S., directora de Create Better Health Utah.

The Pandora Smallsat: Multiwavelength Characterization Of Exoplanets And Their Host Stars, Elisa V. Quintana, Knicole D. Colón, Greg Mosby, Joshua E. Schlieder, Pete Supsinskas, Jordan Karburn, Jessie L. Dotson, Thomas P. Greene, Christina Hedges, Dániel Apai, Thomas Barclay, Jessie L. Christiansen, Néctor Espinoza, Susan E. Mullally, Emily A. Gilbert, Kelsey Hoffman, Veselin B. Kostov, Nikole K. Lewis, Trevor O. Foote, James Mason, Allison Youngblood, Brett Morris, Elizabeth R. Newton, Joshua Pepper, Benjamin V. Rackham, Jason F. Rowe, Kevin Stevenson

Small Satellite Conference

Pandora is a SmallSat mission concept, selected as part of NASA’s Astrophysics Pioneers Program, designed to study the atmospheres of exoplanets using transmission spectroscopy. Transmission spectroscopy of transiting exoplanets provides our best opportunity to identify the makeup of planetary atmospheres in the coming decade. Stellar brightness variations due to star spots, however, can seep into these measurements and contaminate the observed spectra. Pandora is designed to disentangle star and planet signals in transmission spectra and reliably characterize the planetary atmospheres. Pandora will collect long-duration photometric observations with a visible-light channel, and simultaneous spectra with a near-IR channel, where water is …

A Compact Five-Channel Vlf Wave Receiver For Cubesat Missions, Riley A. Reid, Robert A. Marshall, Scott E. Palo, David M. Malaspina

Small Satellite Conference

Very low frequency (VLF) waves play an important role in controlling the evolution of energetic electron distributions in near-Earth space. This paper describes the design of a VLF receiver for the Climatology of Anthropogenic and Natural VLF Wave Activity in Space (CANVAS) CubeSat mission, designed to make continuous observations of VLF waves in low-Earth orbit originating from lightning and ground-based transmitters. The CANVAS VLF receiver will observe five components of VLF waves in the 0.3–40 kHz frequency range, using three orthogonal magnetic search coils deployed on the end of a 1-meter carbon fiber boom and four deployable electric field antennas …

Technical Challenges For Small Sar Satellites With High Performance, Hirobumi Saito, Kosei Ishimura, Jiro Hirokawa, Takashi Tomura, Koichi Ijichi, Koji Tanaka

Small Satellite Conference

We have developed a small SAR sensor, Micro X-SAR, compatible with 130 kg small satellite. It is capable of 3-meter resolution SAR image acquisition in strip-map mode and 1-meter resolution SAR image acquisition in sliding spotlight mode. This small SAR sensor was successfully demonstrated in orbit by a private company in 2021, Feb. This paper describes the next technical challenge of small SAR satellite with higher performance. We discuss on several types of SAR mission such as high resolution missions, wide swath missions, and constellation missions. Then we describe the present status of technical challenges to wideband, high power, and …

Petrel: Platform For Extra And Terrestrial Remote Examination With Lctf, Yoichi Yatsu, Kei Wantanabe, Hiroyuki Kobayashi, Naoki Kawaguchi, Hiroki Hara, Noriatsu Nakamura, Shun Ogata, Kaoru Asaba, Kiyona Miyamoto, Toshihiro Chujo, Saburo Matunaga, Nobuyuki Kawai, Yuji Sakamoto, Kazuhiro Wako, Yoshihide Aoyanagi, Hiroaki Kobayashi, Masashi Uo, Toru Nakano, Takashi Yoshikawa, Eriko Kusunoki, Yu Murata, Norihide Takeyama, Akito Enokuchi, Toshihiko Kimura

Small Satellite Conference

A small satellite ”PETREL” for UV astronomy and remote sensing with ”tunable” multi-spectral cameras conducted by an academia-industrial collaboration is presented. This project was originally proposed by an astronomer who desired a satellite for exploration of explosive objects in ultraviolet. To avoid the earthshine the astronomical observations are scheduled only in the nighttime. To utilize the daytime more electively we conceived a plan of ”satellite sharing” with the industrial collaborators, that can also reduce the developing cost drastically. The daytime mission is spectroscopy that is one of the potential fields in terms of data business, because that can provide chemical …

Darkcarb: An Innovative Approach To Infrared Imaging, Andrew Haslehurst, Rachel Bird, Trevor Wood, Calem Whiting, Bena Mero, Harbinder Rana, Matt Price, Camilla Weiss, Diego Angarita-James, James Bell, Tasos Matheopoulos, John Gliby, Martin Sweeting

Small Satellite Conference

DarkCarb is a pioneering Earth observation (EO) satellite, under development at SSTL, designed to acquire high resolution Mid Wave Infrared (MWIR) imagery and video from low Earth orbit. The mission will set a precedent in IR performance from a small and capable satellite platform while maintaining the SSTL cost effective approach thereby enabling a spacecraft price which makes building constellations, capable of delivering rapid re-visit and wide area coverage, an attractive and worthwhile commercial investment. The DarkCarb satellite features an innovative low mass and volume MWIR imager which, when combined with the implementation of novel image enhancement algorithms, will achieve …

The Ezie Way To Measure The Ionospheric Electrojets With A Three-Cubesat Constellation, Jeng-Hwa Yee, Jesper Gjerloev, Rafael Perez, William H. Swartz, Sidharth Misra, Olagappan Chidambaram, Christopher Ruf

Small Satellite Conference

A recently selected NASA heliophysics mission of opportunity, the Electrojet Zeeman Imaging Explorer (EZIE), will study the electric currents that play a crucial role in the interactions between Earth and the surrounding magnetosphere. The aurora is a spectacular manifestation of these interactions. EZIE consists of three 6U CubeSats flying in a pearls-on-a-string orbit configuration, each carrying a Microwave Electrojet Magnetogram (MEM) instrument. Four beams on each satellite measure polarimetric radiances that contain the magnetic signatures of the intense currents in ionospheric plasmas (electrojets) based on the Zeeman splitting of molecular oxygen thermal emissions. This novel measurement technique allows for the …

Dynamically Controlling Image Integration Onboard The Star-Planet Activity Research Cubesat (Sparcs), Tahina Ramiaramanantsoa, Judd Bowman, Evgenya Shkolnik, R.O. Parke Loyd, David R. Ardila, Travis Barman, Christophe Basset, Matthew Beasley, Samuel Cheng, Johnathan Gamaunt, Varoujan Gorjian, Daniel Jacobs, Logan Jensen, April Jewell, Mary Knapp, Joe Llama, Victoria Meadows, Shouleh Nikzad, Sarah Peacock, Paul Scowen, Mark Swain

Small Satellite Conference

The Star-Planet Activity Research CubeSat (SPARCS) is a 6U CubeSat astronomical observatory underdevelopment and will be entirely dedicated to the photometric monitoring of the flaring activity of M dwarfs at near-UV (258 nm – 308 nm) and far-UV (153 nm–171 nm) wavelengths. The SPARCS science pay load is composed of a 9-cm telescope that projects a 40’ field-of-view onto two UV-optimized delta-doped charge-coupled devices (CCDs), which are controlled by a dedicated payload processor board. Given that M dwarf flares in the UV are expected to be capable of reaching amplitudes ∼14,000 times above their quiescent flux, with durations that …

Mission Concept For Demonstrating Small-Spacecraft True Anomaly Estimation Using Millisecond X-Ray Pulsars, Anant Kandala, Aashka Oza, Bharath Saiguhan, Shreya Mishra, Priyadarshnam Hari, Samir Mandal, Harsh Simha

Small Satellite Conference

Navigation based on X-ray pulsars was first suggested in 1981 for deep space navigation as an alternative to the conventional Deep Space Network (DSN) which is inaccurate at large distances from the Earth. This idea was recently demonstrated using the NICER/SEXTANT instrument onboard the ISS. X-ray pulsar-based navigation is of of great interest as it eliminates the reliance on Earth-based systems, and is yet to be implemented as an autonomous navigation system for deep space missions. For the purpose of navigation, X-ray millisecond pulsars are the most appropriate celestial sources. They emit unique, stable and periodic radiation that exhibits high …

Liciacube Mission: The Fastest Fly-By Ever Done By A Cubesat, V. Marchese, N. R. Benigno, S. Simonetti, E. Fazzoletto, F. Miglioretti, V. Di Tana, Simone Pirrotta, Marilena Amoroso, Elizabetta Dotto, Vincenzo Della Corte

Small Satellite Conference

As SmallSats are gathering an ever-increasing importance for all types of space missions, they are asked more often to operate in harshest environments and to complete the most complex tasks. One of these demanding technical challenges arises in the frame of the planetary defense. Space missions towards asteroids have garnered the due attention in recent years and, in this regard, NASA has developed the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission, in which the Italy will lend its contribution. While DART acts as a kinetic impactor deflecting the orbit of the asteroid Dimorphos, the moon of the targeted binary system Didymos, …

Small Satellite Regulation In 2021, Lynne M. Montgomery, Christopher D. Bair

Small Satellite Conference

Small satellite innovation has advanced rapidly over the past decade, and regulators are working hard to keep up. In August 2020, a new streamlined licensing process became available at the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for certain small satellite missions to bring satellite licensing procedures up to date with technological innovation. This new optional licensing process applies to small satellites meeting certain criteria, such as a constellation of ten or fewer satellites, a wet mass of 180 kg or less, a shorter in-orbit lifetime, and a low orbital debris risk. The streamlined licensing process provides for reduced fees and decreased regulatory …

The Methanesat Mission, Reuben R. Rohrschneider, Steven Wofsy, Jonathan E. Franklin, Joshua Benmergui, Juancarlos Soto, Spencer B. Davis

Small Satellite Conference

The MethaneSAT mission is expected to launch in Q4 of 2022 with a primary goal of providing systematic monitoring of methane emissions from regions accounting for more than 80% of global oil and gas production. High precision measurements from the sensor will allow quantification and mapping of essentially all methane emissions from these regions and identify the location of major point sources and quantify those methane emissions. MethaneSAT has a wide observing swath (~200km), high spatial resolution (~100m x400m), low detection threshold (~2pbb @ 1.5 km²), and targeting capability up to 40° off nadir, enabling it to fill …

Imaging X-Ray Polarimeter Explorer Systems Engineering Approach And Implementation, William D. Deininger, William Kalinowski, Grant Hibbard, Christopher Boree, Kevin Ferrant, Tyler Maddox, Colin Peterson, Benjamin Garelick, William Painter, Scott Mitchell, Spencer Antoniak, Ron Mize, Allyn Tennant, Brian Ramsey, Amy Walden, Alessio Trois, Michele Pinchera, Ettore Del Monte, Darren Osborne

Small Satellite Conference

The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) is a NASA Small Explorer x-ray astrophysics mission being implemented by a geographically dispersed team. Each IXPE partner provides unique capabilities and experience which are utilized to design, build and launch the IXPE observator. A rigorous and iterative systems engineering approach is essential to ensuring the successful realization of reliable and cost effective IXPE mission system. The IXPE collaboration and observatory complexity provide both unique challenges and advantages for project systems engineering. The project uses established and tailored systems engineering (SE) methods and teaming approaches to achieve the IXPE mission goals. The IXPE systems …

The World’S First Commercial Debris Removal Demonstration Mission, Gene Fujii, Seita Iizuka, Carolyn Belle, Mark Muktoyuk

Small Satellite Conference

Since the launch of Sputnik in 1957, the orbital environment has become increasingly congested. Of the 5,550 satellites currently orbiting the Earth, only 2,700 are operational, and they are joined in orbit by millions of objects of space debris. Astroscale has developed a robotic servicing spacecraft and suite of technology to address this challenge by removing debris and defunct satellites from orbit; the smallsat servicer mission End-of-Life Services by Astroscale-demonstration (ELSA-d) launched on March 22, 2021, will demonstrate these new and innovative space debris docking and removal technologies on orbit. The ELSA-d mission includes both a smallsat servicer …

Pathfinding Ussf Mosa Adoption Utilizing Ring-Based And Small Spacecraft, Heather B. Bogstie, Stanley D. Straight

Small Satellite Conference

The U.S. Space Force’s Space and Missile Systems Center’s (SMC) Directorate of Innovation and Prototyping is evolving the concept of medium and small class combat bus to provide on-orbit warfighter and systems support and advance the open systems architecture. We begin with a Long-Duration Propulsive ESPA ring with six ports for multiple small hosted and/or separable satellites and prototypes (aka SMC’s “Freight Train to Space”). By adding communication, open processing, maneuverability, and refueling options, a ring that was once “just hardware” becomes an outpost in GEO and an integral part of a hybrid architecture. Envision adding more outposts along the …

Capstone: A Cubesat Pathfinder For The Lunar Gateway Ecosystem, Thomas Gardner, Brad Cheetham, Alec Forsman, Cameron Meek, Ethan Kayser, Jeff Parker, Michael Thompson, Tristan Latchu, Rebecca Rogers, Brennan Bryant, Tomas Svitek

Small Satellite Conference

The cislunar environment is about to get much busier and with this increase in traffic comes an increase in the demand for limited resources such as Earth based tracking of and communications with assets operating in and around the Moon. With the number of NASA, commercial, and international missions to the Moon growing rapidly in the next few years, the need to make these future endeavors as efficient as possible is a challenge that is being solved now. Advanced Space is aiming to mitigate these resource limitations by enabling the numerous spacecraft in the cislunar environment to navigate autonomously and …

Lunar Volatile And Mineralogy Mapping Orbiter (Vmmo): Viable Science From Lunar Cubesats, Samantha Rowe, Roman Kruzelecky, Piotr Murzionak, Ian Sinclair, Michel Corriveau, Roger Walker, Johan Vennekens, Yang Gao, Chris Bridges, Nicola Baresi, Andrea Lucca Fabris, Edward Cloutis, Amélie St-Amour, Nuno Silva, Mauro Gameiro

Small Satellite Conference

The Volatile and Mineralogy Mapping Orbiter (VMMO) is a low-cost 12U CubeSat concept that was originally selected by the European Space Agency (ESA) as one of the two winners of the 2018 SysNova Challenge. The VMMO spacecraft will carry out a volatiles and mineralogical survey of the lunar South Pole permanently shadowed regions using the Lunar Volatile and Mineralogy Mapper (LVMM) multi-wave chemical Lidar payload to detect and map volatiles and other resources such as ilmenite (FeTiO₃) down to a Ground Sample Distance (GSD) of approximately 100m. The exploitation of valuable lunar resources, such as water ice and …

Mats - The Second Innosat Spacecraft To Launch In 2021, Nils Pokrupa, Ronnie Lindberg

Small Satellite Conference

In 2014 the Swedish National Space Agency (SNSA) initiated the development of a generic microsat platform by Swedish space industry with the ambition to give science and academic institutes recurring launch opportunities every 3-4 years. The program is called the Innovative Research Satellites Programme and the platform is called "Innosat". The program has two overarching goals. The first is to conduct viable, high quality science, and the second is to be able to do this at a relatively low cost to be able to support a recurring programme. The first mission, “Mesospheric Airglow/aerosol Tomography and Spectroscopy” (MATS), has suffered some …

The Nasa Advanced Composite Solar Sail System (Acs3) Flight Demonstration: A Technology Pathfinder For Practical Smallsat Solar Sailing, Keats Wilkie

Small Satellite Conference

NASA’s Space Technology Mission Directorate (STMD) is developing a new generation of compactly packageable composite booms designed specifically for small spacecraft applications where volumes for deployable structures are limited. NASA’s Advanced Composite Solar Sail System (ACS3) will be the first spaceflight application of this boom technology. ACS3 will also be NASA’s first practical solar sail. Objectives of the ACS3 project are to deploy an 80 m² composite boom solar sail in low Earth orbit, and as an extended goal, demonstrate controlled solar sailing flight, including orbit raising and lowering. An overview of the ACS3 project and objectives, including descriptions …

Hyti: Thermal Infrared Spectroscopy From A 6u Platform, Robert Wright, Paul Lucey, Luke Flynn, Chiara Ferrari-Wong, Andrea Gabrieli, Miguel Nunes, Sarath Gunapala, David Ting, Sir Rafol, Alexander Soibel, Thomas George

Small Satellite Conference

The HyTI (Hyperspectral Thermal Imager) mission, funded by NASA’s Earth Science Technology Office InVEST (In-Space Validation of Earth Science Technologies) program, will demonstrate how high spectral and spatial long-wave infrared image data can be acquired from a 6U CubeSat platform. The mission will use a spatially modulated interferometric imaging technique to produce spectro-radiometrically calibrated image cubes, with 25 channels between 8-10.7 μm, at 13 cm^-1 resolution), at a ground sample distance of ~60 m. The HyTI performance model indicates narrow band NE∆Ts of < 0.3 K. The small form factor of HyTI is made possible via the use of a no-moving-parts Fabry-Perot interferometer, and JPL’s cryogenically-cooled HOT-BIRD FPA technology. Launch is scheduled for no earlier than Fall 2021. The value of HyTI to Earth scientists will be demonstrated via on-board processing of the raw instrument data to generate L1 and L2 products, with a focus on rapid delivery of data regarding volcanic degassing, land surface temperature, and precision agriculture metrics.

In this presentation we will provide an overview of the HyTI measurement approach, the onboard data …

Software-Enabled Smallsat Autonomy: Discussion With Examples, Timothy Woodbury, Austin Probe, Robert Effinger, John Mcgreevy, David Herceg, Matthew Ruschmann, Brett Carver, Timothy Esposito, Graham Bryan

Small Satellite Conference

Smallsat missions using cooperating constellations offer significant benefits compared to traditional space missions. These benefits include lower unit costs, better robustness to failures, and the ability to collect data in a distributed fashion. Significant commercial smallsat missions are active in low Earth orbit, and spacecraft operators have expressed interest in smallsat constellations operating both at higher altitudes and in proximity operations missions. Autonomy plays a significant role in extending smallsat missions to these more challenging domains. Autonomy in a broad sense refers to a spacecraft's or constellation's ability to operate independently of ground systems, and affects every part of a …

A Sat-To-Sat Inspection Demonstration With The Aerocube-10 1.5u Cubesats, Joseph W. Gangestad, Catherine C. Venturini, David A. Hinkley, Garrett Kinum

Small Satellite Conference

In the summer of 2020, the pair of AeroCube-10 1.5U CubeSats completed a series of mutual proximity operations as close as 22 meters separation and captured several sets of satellite-to-satellite resolved imagery, inspecting all faces of a vehicle in each pass with a resolution less than 8 mm. AeroCube-10 was designed and built by The Aerospace Corporation with the primary missions of atmospheric science and the maturation of nanosatellite technologies, including a new star tracker design, warm-gas propulsion system, GPS receiver, and a low-noise focal plane. Investigating the possibility of using CubeSats for satellite inspection missions, the AeroCube-10 team designed …

Machine Learning For Early Satellite Anomaly Detection, Pablo Bernal-Mencia, Kelsey Doerksen, Chen Yap

Small Satellite Conference

Despite its recent disruption to many engineering fields, incorporating machine learning into satellite operations is difficult due to the associated performance restrictions with the relatively small amount of available data during a satellite’s operating lifetime; a satellite needs to be operating for several months to years in order to grow a dataset able to be used in machine learning. That is the reason behind its historically limited application to active satellite operations, whereas a posteriori applications to past missions can be found in the literature. Recently however, the eruption of mega-constellations of satellites, whose hardware, software, and orbit are almost …

Sagittarius A* Small Satellite Mission: Capabilities And Commissioning Preview, Caleb Royer, Mike Renner, Owen Brown, Robert Polutchko, Paul Bains, Sam Gagnard, Alex Herz, Mark Mason, Nick Stanley, John Eterno

Small Satellite Conference

SSCI is leading a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)-funded team launching a mission in June 2021, dubbed Sagittarius A*, to demonstrate key hardware and software technologies for on-orbit autonomy, to provide a software testbed for on-orbit developmental test & autonomous mission operations, and to reduce risk for future constellation-level mission autonomy and operations. In this paper, we present the system CONOPs and capabilities, system architectures, flight and ground software development status, and initial commissioning status. The system will fly on Loft Orbital’s YAM-3 shared LEO satellite mission, and includes SSCI’s onboard autonomy software suite running on an Innoflight CFC-400 …

A Low Power And High Performance Artificial Intelligence Approach To Increase Guidance Navigation And Control Robustness, Pablo Ghiglino, Mandar Harshe

Small Satellite Conference

New generations of spacecrafts are required to perform tasks with an increased level of autonomy. Space exploration, rendezvous services, space robotics, etc. are all growing fields in Space that require more sensors and more computational power to perform these missions. Furthermore, new sensors in the market produce better quality data at higher rates while new processors can increase substantially the computational power. Therefore, near-future spacecrafts will be equipped with large number of sensors that will produce data at rates that has not been seen before in space, while at the same time, data processing power will be significantly increased. In …