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Reproductive Modes Of The Least Chub (Iotichthys Phlegethontis - Cope), Marianne Crawford

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The reproductive biology of the least chub Iotichthys phlegethontis (Cope) was studied from June 1976 to March 1978. Fish from both field and laboratory populations of the Leland Harris Spring Complex, Juab Co., Utah were utilized in the study. Reproduction in 1977 occurred from April to July in the field population and from April through August in the laboratory population.

Reproduction was determined from gross examination and weight measurements of testes and ovaries, breeding coloration in males and diameter measurements of ova.

Males and females matured at about the same size, 28 to 30 mm TL. The number of mature …

The Qr Algorithm, Hsiao-Yin Edith Chu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In this section, we will consider two methods for computing an eigenvector and in addition the associated eigenvalue of a matrix A.

The Effects Of The Physical Attractiveness Stereotype On Therapists' Perceptions Of Clients, Todd S. Larsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of the present study was two-fold: (1) to determine whether the ratings a client receives on measures of likeableness, psychological effectiveness, and prognostic outcome differ as a result of the client's perceived level of physical attractiveness (high or low) and, (2) to determine whether the level of professional training in clinical/counseling psychology possessed by the raters mediates these effects.

To achieve these purposes, four groups of subjects (varying in level of training in clinical/counseling psychology) listened to the same 12-minute audio-tape excerpt of an actual initial interview with a client. Half the subjects in each group viewed a …

An Investigation Of The Influence Of Cooperating Teachers On The Educational Goal Ranking Behavior Of Student Teachers, Susan Myrna Jones

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of the study was to identify the effects of the influence of cooperating teachers on how student teachers prioritize particular goals of education. This was accomplished by administering a predetermined list of eighteen educational goals to a group of student teachers prior and subsequent to their quarter-long student teaching experience, and to their respective cooperating teachers during their student teaching quarter. The list enabled the teacher groups to rank the goals in order of priority. In this way the cooperating teachers' goal rankings were compared to both the student teachers' pre and post student teaching goal rankings.

Twenty-three …

The Effect Of Family Sculpting On Perceptual Agreement Among Family Members, John Bruce Jessen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of family sculpting on perceptual agreement among family members.

Thirty families, each consisting of a father, a mother, and a child twelve years old or older, from areas of northern Utah and eastern Idaho participated in the study. The following instruments were administered to all individuals: a biographical questionnaire containing items regarding age, sex, occupation, education, number of years married for parents, and birth order position for children; the Interpersonal Check List in which each family was to describe him/herself and the other members of the family; the Family …

The Effectiveness Of A Comprehensive Peer Counseling Program On Academic Adjustment, Bevan Todd Graybill

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a peer counseling program in improving undergraduate students' academic adjustment. Six upperclassmen were carefully selected and systematically trained in the use of a study skills instruction program and certain supportive, therapeutic techniques. These six served as peer counselors. The peer counseling program provided individualized study skills instruction, informal personal/motivational counseling, and general educational information and advising for volunteer students in academic difficulty.

Twenty-one volunteer students each completed a minimum of four sessions with a peer counselor. The first objective of the study was to determine if the students who …

The Effects Of Restraint On Hallucinatory Behavior Under Conditions Of Perceptual Deprivation, David G. Gibson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine if physical restraint is a major factor in the elicitation of the hallucination phenomena associated with perceptual (or sensory) deprivation studies. Experimental subjects were exposed to three one-hour sessions of perceptual deprivation one week apart, with physical restraint being used during the second session. A group of control subjects was used to determine the effects of three unrestrained sessions of perceptual deprivation.

No significant differences were found between sessions for the experimental group in terms of number of reports or the cumulative duration of the reports. There was also no difference found …

Act Score Declines: Looking For The Source, Thomas Edward Atkin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

During the last 15 years there has been a well documented decline in achievement test scores. Declines have been documented on both the American College Testing Program (ACT) and the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). An increased interest in t he score declines and their possible explanations has also taken place in the last 10 years. The explanation for the declines fit under four main headings: (1) problems with the tests, (2) changes in the testing population, (3) changes in society, and (4) changes in the schools. The purpose of this study was to begin with the test itself and check …

The Effects Of A Structured Group Approach On Anxiety In Junior High Youth: A Technique For Paraprofessionals, Lawrence R. Ballering

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of a structured group approach on anxiety, using paraprofessionals, was investigated. The variables of setting (junior high school and youth rehabilitation center) and time (pre-post₁ -posttest₂) were also manipulated. Besides anxiety, four other variables were measured. Self-concept and anxiety were measured using the Piers-Harris Children's Self Concept Scale; peer rejection and peer acceptance were measured using the Peer Perception Questionnaire; teacher rating of student classroom behavior was measured using the Student Behavior: Teacher Rating Form.

Sixteen subjects who had been screened with the pretest were randomly assigned to either treatment or control conditions …

The Effects Of Added Dietary Fat On Turkey Carcass Composition, Steven Ray Jensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The turkey industry is concerned with the effects of added dietary fat on turkey carcass composition. Rations were formulated containing different levels of added dietary fat, both with and without an adjustment in dietary protein level. Orlopp 91 tom turkeys were fed diets containing 2 percent added fat (control), 4 percent added fat (energy/protein ratio constant with the control), 6 percent added fat (energy/protein ratio constant with the control), and a diet containing 6 percent added fat with a higher energy/protein ratio than the control.

Data collected in the study showed that the percent fat in the dry matter of …

Estimation Of The Pantothenic Acid Content Of Foods Using A Microbiological Assay And A Radioimmunoassay, Joan Howe Walsh

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Seventy-five processed and prepared foods commonly consumed in the United States were analyzed for pantothenic acid. The foods were analyzed using the traditional microbiological assay for the vitamin and using a new radioimmunoassay (RIA).

The preparation of food sample extracts for both assays was modified. After the food samples underwent enzyme hydrolysis, the food-enzyme mixture was dialyzed to obtain a clear extract for use in the assays. Previously, the food-enzyme mixture was poured through filter paper for clarification.

A very high correlation (r²= .937) between the results from the RIA and the microbiological assay was found. There was …

An Evaluation Of Heat Treatment And Ultrafiltration Of Skim Milk For Increasing Cottage Cheese Yields, Rajagopalan Narasimhan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The study involves two different approaches to increasing cottage cheese yields by the inclusion of whey proteins in the curd. They were the use of high heat treated skim milk and ultrafiltered skim milk retentates for cottage cheese making. Increasing the pasteurization temperature of skim milk from 61.8 to 79.4 C for 30 minutes resulted in 15.6% increase in cultured cottage cheese yields. However, the high heat cheese exhibited variable quality and was generally inferior to the control. Cheese making from high heat skim milk was done by cutting at the A.C. end point and using 30 ml of rennet …

Enlightening Consumer Nutrition Decisions: Comparison Of A Graphical Nutrient Density Labeling Format With The Current Food Labeling System, Kristy Gregerson Mohr

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Providing consumers with usable nutrition information requires an effective labeling format. The objective of this study, which was conducted in a supermarket setting, was to determine whether consumers could, without previous instruction, make equally effective nutrition decisions using a graphic format based on nutrient density as when using the current labeling format. For comparison with other studies, a demographic, nutrition knowledge and nutrition labeling data base was collected. The questionnaire completed by each participating consumer included items regarding demographic data and shopping preferences, and questions evaluating nutrition knowledge for comparison as a data base with other studies. It also appraised …

The Relative Effectiveness Of Audio-Taped Relaxation And Live-Therapist Presented Relaxation In Terms Of Physiological Parameters, Cris M. Quayle

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In order to assess the relative efficacy of audio-taped relaxation as compared to live-therapist induced relaxation, 80 volunteer subjects were randomly assigned to one of the following eight groups: (1) live-therapist (male) contingent, (2) live-therapist (male) non-contingent, (3) taped contingent (male), (4) taped non-contingent (male), (5) live-therapist (female) contingent, (6) live-therapist (female) non-contingent, (7) taped (female) contingent, and (8) taped (female) non-contingent. The subjects were exposed to treatment conditions for five sessions during which they received a relaxation sequence via either a live-therapist or audio-taped format in a contingent or non-contingent (subject controlled pace or non-subject controlled pace, respectively) progression. …

The Effects Of Counselor Age, Sex And Attire On Client Preferences For Counselors, Alan Leonard Zohner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the preferences, if any, subjects have for counselors based on counselor characteristics of age, sex and attire. Photographs were taken of persons of differing ages (old, middle-age, young), sex (male, female) and attire (formal, casual, grub). One-hundred and five college and noncollege adults were shown the photographs, asked to perceive the photographs as being those of counselors, and asked to rank their preferences for the persons depicted as counselors using a modified Q sort methodology. To determine whether the subjects had actually perceived the photographs as representing counselors and, therefore, discriminated among …

Utah High School Sophomore Attitudes Toward Women's Roles And Non-Traditional Vocational Career Choices, Ellen S. Walch

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Role behaviors for men and women in our society are undergoing change. Research data to reveal student attitudes toward these role behaviors and choices were needed for the development of strategies to eliminate sex bias and sex stereotyping in our educational programs and ultimately in the socialization process.

The purpose of the study was to collect research data to determine Utah high school student attitudes toward women's roles and non-traditional vocational career choices. The survey instrument used to collect the data was constructed, pilot tested, factor analyzed, and revised prior to its administration to the sample. The revised instrument contained …

A Liquefaction Potential Map For Cache Valley, Utah, Randall Jones Hill

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The identification of liquefaction susceptible soil deposits in Cache Valley, Utah and the relative potential that these deposits have for liquefaction were the two main purposes of this study. A liquefaction susceptibility map was developed to outline areas where liquefaction might occur during an earthquake. The susceptibility map was combined with a liquefaction opportunity map to produce a liquefaction potential map for Cache Valley, Utah. The opportunity map for Cache Valley was developed in a companion study, Greenwood (1978).

The development of the susceptibility map and the opportunity map and combining them to form a liquefaction potential map for Cache …

Children's Perceptions Of Parental Responses To Boys' And Girls' Aggressive Behavior, K. B. Rohrbach

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in children's perceptions of mothers' and fathers' to aggressing girls and boys. A picture test of children aggressing was devised and administered to 52 fourth grade children from upper middle socioeconomic backgrounds attending school in an Idaho community.

Sex of aggressor, type of aggression (verbal or physical), and sex of parent were investigated as factors possibly related to children's perceptions. None of these variables were found to be significant in this sample. However, boys' perceptions of how parents respond to children aggressing were significantly different from girls' perceptions. Girls perceived parents …

Nutrient Intakes Of An Elderly Nursing Home Population, Gaynell Hutson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A dietary nutrient intake study of ninety-five residents of a nursing home in a rural community was conducted. Nutrient intakes were determined for seven consecutive days using the method of weighing food served and weighing food left by subjects. Patients on regular, diabetic, soft and sodium restricted diets were included in the study. Snacks consumed between meals and vitamin and mineral supplements were included in the nutrient intakes.

Height, weight, body mass index, tricept skinfold measurement and serum blood laboratory data were obtained for each subject. Activity levels were also determined.

Results showed the mean caloric intake of the men …

The Incidence Of Lactose Malabsorption Among Cache Valley Young Adults, Eileen Donna Cowles

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Twenty-four young adults, ages 18 to 30, from Cache Valley were studied to determine the incidence of lactose malabsorption. Lactose malabsorption was determined by a two-hour oral lactose tolerance test. The criteria for a malabsorber was a flat glucose curve in which there was a rise in serum glucose less than 20 mg. per 100 ml. above the fasting level. Four of the subjects were found to be lactose malabsorbers. The incidence of lactose malabsorption was determined to be 16.67 per cent. A 95 per cent confidence interval for this study indicated that the actual percentage could be expected to …

Isolation Of Bacteriophage Resistant Lactic Culture Strains With Known Temperature Sensitivity, Luna Ying-Chung Jeng

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Seven strains of Streptococcus cremoris and Streptococcus lactis were tested for temperature sensitivity on a temperature gradient bar. A temperature of 37 C was the optimum for differentiating between temperature-sensitive and insensitive strains. Temperature-insensitive strains produced cell masses with absorbance values of 0.1 or higher and activity levels of 1.0 (expressed as a decrease in pH) or above at 37 C. Temperature-sensitive strains failed to produce these cell masses and activity levels.

Strain selection and resistant-mutant isolation made it possible to identify ten strains of Streptococci sufficiently free of phage sensitivity for use in a cheese plant rotation program. These …

Effects Of Social And Demographic Characteristics, Knowledge Of Coronary Heart Disease And Dietary Practices On The Level Of Serum Cholesterol, Wendy Whanghea Kim

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of coronary heart disease and behavior variables on blood cholesterol concentration among 218 selected subjects in northern Utah communities.

The data were obtained from physicians' medical charts and a survey specifically designed for this study. A model was developed from an intensive review of literature and the current state of theoretical and empirical knowledge and was tested by means of path analysis. The model contained fourteen variables including familial coronary heart disease heredity, sex, age, the presence of disease(s), educational attainment, special dietary regimen, occupation, knowledge …

Production Of Quick-Cooking Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.): Investigations On Antinutrients And Quality, Vishalakshi G. Iyer

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Three bean varieties, namely, great northern, kidney, and pinto (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), were subjected to several physico-chemical treatments to reduce their cooking time. Soaking in a combination of salt solutions (sodium chloride, 2.5 percent+ sodium bicarbonate, 1.5 percent+ sodium tripolyphosphate, 1.0 percent + sodium carbonate, 0.5 percent) resulted in 80-85 percent reduction in cooking time. Irradiation (Γ-rays) at 500 Krads of soaked and dehydrated beans caused nearly 50 percent reduction in cooking time. High temperatures (37 and 45°C) and pH (9.0) caused greater water imbibation and total solids loss than room temperature (22°C) and pH 7.0. Organoleptic evaluation of beans …

Investigations On Improvement Of Acceptability And Evaluation Of The Nutritive Value Of Processed Cabbage And Its Effects On The Tumorigenicity In Mice, Chareonsri Srisangnam

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objectives of this investigation have been to study the acceptability and nutritive value of processed cabbage and to elucidate the effects of chronic administration of cabbage on the activity of a colon tumorigen, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). The organoleptic unacceptability of cabbage in spite of its high nutritional and economic values governed the choice of this cruciferous vegetable for this work.

Cabbage samples were blanched with steam, chemical solutions, and microwaves. Microwave blanching led to a "burnt spot" effect and to a relatively greater loss in weight of the vegetable. Blanching in solution involved boiling of cabbage with a chemical solution …

Growth Of Phytophthora Infestans Race 1.2.4 And Synthesis Of Steroid Glycoalkaloids By The Fungus In Synthetic Media, Melanie R. Maas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A chemically defined synthetic medium was developed in which Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary race 1.2.4 grew extensively. This medium consisted of: 90.0 grams maltose, 20.0 grams DL-alanine, 20.0 grams L-proline, 1.0 gram KNO₃, 0.5 gram KH₂PO₄, 0.25 gram MgSO_4. 7H₂O, 1.0 milligram thiamin per liter of distilled water. The average level of growth in this medium was 0.5864 gram dry weight mycelium per 50 milliliters medium.

The glycoalkaloids, solanidine and solanine, were synthesized by Phytophthora infestans in the above medium with 62.5 percent of the samples positive and an overall …

Cheese Flavor Development In Ultrafiltered Whole Milk Concentrates, David Long-Ying Hwang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The development of cheese flavor in ultrafiltered whole milk retentates was investigated. Acidified (pH 5.7) pasteurized whole milk was concentrated to 21% fat, 17% protein and 41% total solids, and then divided into six lots. Each lot was subdivided into three groups of two samples each. Each group was inoculated with one of three lactic cultures -- Streptococcus lactis C₆ , commercial mixed concentrated Marschall's MD294S or CCI299S. One sample in each group was treated with rennet and the other sample left rennet free. All samples were incubated at 30 C until the pH reached 5.2-5.1. Each of the …

Incorporating The Index Of Nutritional Quality In The Nutrition Education Of Wic Recipients, Mary J. Roth

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate nutrition educational lessons and instructional materials based on the Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ). INQ is a graphic, nutrient density concept. The lessons and instructional materials were used in the nutrition education of pregnant women in the WIC Program. Six nutrition lessons were written utilizing the INQ concept. Lesson one emphasized the importance of the WIC supplemental foods and the recommended number of servings from the basic four food groups during pregnancy. Lessons two through six concerned the importance of the following nutrients during pregnancy: calcium, protein, iron, vitamin A …

Effects Of Acid Fermentation, Dry-Heat And Wet-Heat Processing On The Bioavailability Of Calcium, Iron And Fluoride In Mechanically-Deboned Beef, Tzy-Bin Nancy Tso

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Mechanically-deboned beef shank (MDS) and hand-deboned beef shank (HDS) were prepared into thuringer (acid fermented), canned meat (retorted) and bologna (dry-heated). Raw meat and these products were then lyophilized and mixed into balanced diets and fed to weanling male rats for three weeks to evaluate the bioavailability of calcium, iron and fluoride. Bioavailability of calcium from MDS and its processed products was determined by feeding growing male rats with 5.01 to 5.53 g Ca/kg from MDS. HDS diets with 0.18 to 7.13 g Ca/kg added from calcium carbonate were also fed to rats for a relative comparison. The bioavailability of …

Central Nervous System Toxicity Of Alpha-Chaconine In Rats, Charles Newell Aldous Iii

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Effects of alpha-chaconine were examined in the central nervous system on the basis of electrophysiological tests and by assaying for changes in the levels of several known neurotransmitters of the brain. The possibility that brain acetylcholine levels might increase corresponding to acetylcholinesterase inhibition in treated rats was investigated where an increase would suggest that the anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of alpha-chaconine was physiologically significant.

Various doses of alpha-chaconine were given to rats prepared for physiological tests. Some symptoms were observed at relatively low doses (8 to 10 milligrams per kilogram). These included constriction of abdominal muscles, respiratory impairment, and sedation. At the …

Nutritional Understanding Of Preschool Children Taught In The Home And Child Development Laboratory, Thomas R. Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was devised to determine the readiness of preschool children to learn about basic concepts of nutrition. Sixty preschool children enrolled in the Utah State University Child Development Laboratory, comprised the sample. Twenty children were taught at home by parents, 20 were taught at the Laboratory, and 20 received no instruction. The curriculum was based on the concept of nutrient density and used the Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) in developing instructional mate rials. INQ is an index for comparing the amount of nutrients to the amount of calories in a food. Food Profile Cards, visual representations of this …