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Management Of The Great Salt Lake: A Research Plan And Strategy, Craig T. Jones, Calvin G. Clyde, J. Paul Riley

Reports

The primary purposes of this report are to indicate the following two research items in connection with the management of the water resource system of the Great Salt Lake:\ 1. Research needs and priorities. 2. A research coordination strategy. Research needs are identified by the report in terms of (1) various management, or use, categories (such as lake industries), and (2) the need to understand the physical characteristics of the lake system itself. The research needs are identified in each category as information (including data) or understanding gaps, in cases where there seems to be sufficient information, a research need …

Disposal Alternatives For Intermittent Sand Filter Scrapings Utilization And Sand Recovery, Jerry T. Elliott, Daniel S. Filip, James H. Reynolds

Reports

A three phase study is used to develop disposal alternatives and cost analysis for algae laden sand scrapings removed from intermittent sand filters used to polish wastewater lagoon effluent. Phase I, Irrigation Technique, explores the feasibility of supplying sufficient water to sand scrapings to leach out entrapped material. Details of removal with amount of water applied are presented. Phase II, Soil Application, tests with lysimeters soil response to application of the algae laden sand material. Physical and chemical parameters are not markedly altered where algae laden sand is applied to the soil surface. Phase III, Plant Bioassays, grew tall fescue …

Evaluation Of The Addition Of Granular Media Filtration To Wastewater Treatment Plants To Meet New Standards, Madhusudan M. Dawda, M. L. Davidson, E. J. Middlebrooks

Reports

A dual media filtration study was carried out at the central Weber Wastewater Treatment Plant in Ogden, Utah, to evaluate its feasibility as a tertiary treatment to meet new effluent quality standards. A review of the literature indicated that dual media filters were more efficient than conventional single media sand filters because of the “in depth” filtration achieved by dual media filters. An experimental filter was operated at four different hydraulic loading rates, ranging from 3 to 6 gpm/ft 2 (122.10 to 244.20 1/min/m2), to evaluate its effects on effluent quality. Hydraulic loading rate was shown not to affect suspended …

Colorado River Basin Modeling Studies: Proceedings Of A Seminar Held At Utah State University Logan , Utah July 16-18, 1975, Calvin G. Clyde, Donna H. Falkenborg, J. Paul Riley

Reports

Preface: Computer modeling is an important and valuable tool for water resources planning and management. In recent years many different modeling approaches and techniques have been developed. Some have been applied in the Colorado River Basin. A brief and incomplete search showed over fifty reports on modeling in the Colorado River Basin alone. The main motivation for this Seminar was the indication that (1) much duplication of effort is occuring among Colorado River modeling studies due to lack of information and (2) much of the knowledge now available on modeling is not being effectively applied to real problems. The overall …

Nitrogen Cycling In Microcosms And Application To The Biology Of The Northern Arm Of The Great Salt Lake, John C. Stube, Frederick J. Post, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

No abstract provided.

Iron Dynamics In A Gas-Water-Sediment Microcosm, Peter A. Cowan, V. Dean Adams, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

Iron dynamics in eutrophic systems were studied in the laboratory utilizing gas-water-Sediment phase sealed microcosms. Sediments from Hyrum Reservoir (2.4 percent iron by weight) were placed in the dark to simulate the hypolimnetic regions of a eutrophic impoundment. Iron both chemically and physically was readily available to microorganisms of the aqueous phase because iron in these systems was soluble. In the light microcosms, which simulated shallow littoral regions of eutrophic impoundments, iron was found in higher aqueous phase concentrations than was predicted chemically and physically; this was rationalized through biological mechanisms. The experiment was conducted in two phases: Phase I …

Linear Comparisons In Multivariate Analysis Of Variance, Hsin-Ming Tzeng

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The analysis of variance was created by Ronald Fisher in 1923. It is most widely used and basically useful approach to study differences among treatment averages.

Utah Science Vol. 36 No. 4, December 1975

Utah Science

The Centennial Year for Agriculture 119

Education in Utah - A Historical Comparison Michael Toney and Michael V. Macfarlane 131

Utah Recreation for Utahans John D. Hunt 133

Pinyon Juniper Symposium - Now in Print 137

1975 Yearbook of Agriculture 138

Salt Cart Revisited 140

Utah Science Vol. 36 No. 3, September 1975

Utah Science

Subdivisions out in the country can be expensive James L. Thompson, Paul A. Randle, and C.M. McKell 83

Coyotes and Deer Darwin B. Nielsen 87

Stem Nematodes - their effects on plants grown with alfalfa G. D. Griffin 90

Prescribed Burning - Effective Control of Sagebrush and Open Juniper Michael Ralphs, David Schen, and Fee Busby 94

Know Your Sagebrush - And Better Your Rang W T. McDonough and R. O. Harniss 99

The Colorado River and Agriculture/Energy Equations John Keith, Jay Anderson, and B. Delworth Gardner 104

Zinc Deficiency in Utah Field Corn - Its Diagnosis and Treatment D. …

Forestry Report, P. Sims, G. Steneker, K. Fronting, C. Kirby, P. Van Eck, H. Johnson, N. Walker, R. Bohning, L. Carlson, I. Bella, W. Johnstone, R. Waldron, L. Brace

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Salinity On Glycogen Content In The Brine Shrimp, Artemia Salinas, Of Great Salt Lake, Christon H. Merkley

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

The brine shrimp, Artemia salinas, is one of the few organisms to be found in the hostile environment of the Great Salt Lake. Salt concentrations in the lake are found to exceed those in the oceans. In such an environment, the utilization of energy, even after it has been procured, presents a problem. The life inhabiting the lake has developed extraordinary adaptations to this and similar problems.

Electron micrographs produced by Dr. Nabil Youssef of Utah State University have revealed that unusual quantities of glycogen can be found in the muscle of brine shrimp taken from the Great Salt Lake. …

Utah Science Vol. 36 No. 2, June 1975

Utah Science

Life in the Great Salt Lake Frederick J. Post 43

Geologic Insights from an Earth Orbiting Satellite Arthur T. Anderson, Alan F. Smith and Lois M. Cox 47

Utah's Horses: A Versatile Resource J'Wayne McArthur 51

Ornament al Horticulture and Turf Management Employment Practices G.A. Long, W.F. Campbell,E.M. Drake, and T. M. McKee 57

Sprinkling with Salty Well Water Can Cause Problems Rex F. Nielson and Orson S. Cannon 61

Pesticides and Alfalfa Maurice G. Zeeman and Donald W. Davis 64

The Art of Making and Feeding Corn Silage Norris Stenquist 69

Multiple Use of Irrigation Canals James J. Kennedy …

The Effects Of Artificial Destratification On The Water Quality And Microbial Populations Of Hyrum Reservoir, Douglas D. Drury, Donald B. Porcella, Robert A. Gearheart

Reports

Artificial destratification is being increasingly used in attempts to improve water quality and control eutrophication. Most of the artificial destratification efforts are being conducted by public water supply utilities in efforts to improve reservoir water quality for culinary purposes. At present, artificial destratification is being conducted without a complete understanding of the process or its effects on the reservoir. Whether or not artificial destratification can control algal growth and other microbial processes is a controversial question. The effect of artificial destratification on the microbial flora must be understood if it is to be used effectively as a management tool in …

Moving Toward Effective Teacher Education-One Man's Perspective, Walter R. Borg

Faculty Honor Lectures

It was nine years ago that I decided to leave Utah State University and join one of the newly formed regional educational laboratories. At that time I had 18 years of educational research behind me, and although I had carried out a number of studies and published about 40 articles in the professional research journals, it was obvious to me that none of my research had had any measurable effect upon education. At best, my work might have influenced the decisions of a few school administrators, but this is an optimistic view since most school administrators prefer not to be …

Fine Structural Study Of In Vivo And In Vitro Asexual And Early Sexual Stages Of Eimeria Magna, Harry D. Danforth

Biology

The sporozoites, schizonts, and early sexual stages of Eimeria magna were studied both in vivo and in vitro. Four generations of schizogony were seen both in the animal and in cell cultures. Three different types of schizogony were observed for this coccidia. Nuclear division occurred in the sporozoites to produce sporozoiteshaped schizonts. Internal membrane formation of the first-generation merozoites was seen in these schizonts. Multinucleate merozoites were present in all four generations of schizonts. In the first three generations of schizonts, the multinucleate merozoites or meroschizonts produced the next generation of uninucleate merozoites through internal membrane formation. The internal …

Partial Characterization Of The Genome Of Neonatal Calf Diarrhea Virus (Reoviruslike Agent), Bill B. Barnett

Biology

Electron microscopy, isopycnic centrifugation, thermal denaturation profiles and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used to characterize the nucleic acid from neonatal calf diarrhea virus. The genome was shown to consist of 11 segments of double-stranded RNA. The molecular weights of the segments were determined to be: (in million dalton units) 2.18 ± .06, 1.73 ± .07, 1.64 ± .06, 1.48 ± .06, 0.94 ± .03, 0.77 ± .02, 0.50 ± .03, 0.50 ± .03, 0.50 ± .03, 0.29 ± .03, 0.22 ± .02. Six NCDV capsid polypeptides are described. The molecular weights of the capsid polypeptides ranged from 0.15 x 10 …

An Improved Serologic Test For Mycoplasmas And The Effect Of Mycoplasma Arthritidis On The Release Of Lysosomal Enzymes From Cell Cultures, Leland George Foster

Biology

The purposes of this investigation were to develop an improved method for the detection of anti-mycoplasmal antibody and the partial characterization of the effect of Mycoplasma arthritidis on lysosomal enzyme release from cells in culture. A new, rapid, sensitive and specific serologic test for the detection of anti-mycoplasmal antibody is described. This technique is based on the agglutination of acridine orange stained, whole mycoplasmas by homologous antiserum. The antiserum-aggregated, stained antigen is observed using the incident illumination fluorescence microscope. Titer of the antiserum is taken as the reciprocal of the highest antiserum dilution giving agglutination. Autoagglutination was a serious problem …

Effect Of Bacillus Kaustophilus L-Asparaginase On The Growth Of Mammalian Cells Of Tumor And Nontumor Origin, Dean Marshall Coulter

Biology

The purpose of this study was to determine if Bacillus kaustophilus L-asparaginase is capable of limiting the growth rates of Walker rat carcinosarcoma 256 (LLC-WRC-256) and Jensen sarcoma cells as compared to Escherichia coli EC-II L-asparaginase. Cell cultures of MDBK and MDCK as controls and LLC-WRC-256 and Jensen sarcoma cells as test cultures which are sensitive to EC-II were grown in standard growth media containing either B. kaustophilus L-asparaginase, EC-II or no enzyme. Cultures of each cell type in each medium were terminated on a fixed schedule and assayed for total protein and total DNA content. The changes in protein …

Some Aspects Of Winter Social Behavior In Dark-Eyed Juncos, Martha Hatch Balph

Biology

The purpose of this study was to examine some aspects of winter social behavior in Dark-eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis) in an effort to understand the accommodation which members of a flock must make between the need to compete for limited resources and the need to mediate resultant aggression. The specific objectives of the investigation were: (1) to analyze the form and function of visual and auditory signals used by juncos in a social context; and (2) to determine quantitatively the relationship between agonistic behavior and each of several factors including season, time of day, sex, rank, degree of …

The Effects Of Sorbitol (D-Glucitol) On The Induction Of Mutations In Drosophila Melanogaster, David M. Abbott

Biology

Sorbitol (D-Glucitol) is used as a food additive and artifical sweetener. The chemical is known to have several pathological effects, among which are macroangiopathy, neuropathy, and cataracts. These are especially prevalent in diabetics. It was the objective of this investigation to critically examine the genetic effects of sorbitol in Drosophila melanogaster. After determining that sorbitol is not lethal, the imbibing behavior of the flies was tested and tests for the induction of somatic mutations, sex-linked recessive lethals, and chromosome loss were performed. In each case, the experiments were paralleled by appropriate positive and negative controls. In analyzing the data, …

The Development Of Selected Vocalizations Of The Black-Capped Chickadee, Vivian Telford Anderson

Biology

The development of the contact-flight, fright and chickadee-dee calls and song of 20 Black-capped Chickadees, Parus atricapillus, reared in various degrees of social and acoustic isolation was described. A previous study (Anderson, 1970) demonstrated that these vocalizations develop normally in captive-reared Black-capped Chickadees housed with conspecific adults. The present study demonstrated that the contact-flight and fright calls developed normally in birds reared in all forms of isolation. Only the rearing of birds permanently in acoustic isolation cabinets curtailed the development of chickadee-dee calls that fell within the range found in wild populations. Individuals not exposed to conspecific adults …

Contractions Of The Seminiferous Tubules Of The Rat: Effect Of Oxytocin, Progesterone, Prostaglandins, Indomethacin, Cyclic Amp And Theophylline, Louis Ernest Buhrley Jr.

Biology

The frequency and depth of contractions of seminferous tubules from the rat, rabbit, hamster, mouse and squirrel were studied in vitro. Although the contractions were greater in the rat, all the animals had some degree of activity. The contractile activity of a seasonal breeder, the Uinta ground squirrel (Spermophilus armatus), was examined. The diameter of the tubules and the contractility were greater prior to emergence from hibernation and declined markedly during and after the breeding season. Several pharmacological studies were conducted on tubules of the rat. Oxytocin caused an increase in the contractile frequency while progesterone inhibited …

Detection Of Neonatal Calf Diarrhea Virus (Ncdv) And Human Infant Reolike Diarrhea Virus, Martin Wyatt Peterson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop a diagnostic test and conduct a survey for the neonatal calf diarrhea virus (NCDV) and human infant reolike diarrhea virus. Two immunologic methods were developed in this investigation.

Immune electron microscopy (IEM) and the fluorescent viral precipitin test (FVPT) are the methods used to detect NCDV and the human virus. Both methods are based upon the principle that viral aggregates form when the virus is reacted with anti-NCDV antibody. Aggregates in the IEM method are negatively stained and observed with the use of an electron microscope. Fluorescein labeled antibody is used in …

Evaluation Of A Vapor Pressure Osmometer For Determination Of Added Water In Milk, Kietipong Pensiripun

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A Wescor Vapor Pressure Osmometer measured the osmolality of a solution by sensing the vapor pressure above the solution in a closed chamber. The instrument sensing element comprised a precision thermocouple which measured the dew point temperature depression, a function of the water vapor pressure in the chamber. It used approximately 5-7 microliter samples to saturate a 0.64 cm filter paper disc. The instrument fixed a milliosmolal digital reading and signaled test completion in 110 seconds. The instrument weighed approximately 3. 62 kilograms, was 26. 7 x 24. 1 x 10. 2 cms in size and had a range of …

Utah And School Age Parents, Willa C. Hurd

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Background. As Dean of Women in a small high school for the past three years, I have been frustrated because of the fact that there was no program for married and/or pregnant students that would educationally aid them.

Night high school courses are not, in my opinion, "equal education; " I felt the need for a definite program. The school district is both legally and morally responsible to provide educational opportunities to these students .

Justification. In 1970 an estimated 200,000 American girls under 18 gave birth. Nearly two-thirds of the girls had married by the time of delivery (Pregnant …

Dispersion Of The Host Specific Phytophagous Insects Of Duncecap Larkspur (Delphinium Occidentale) In The Wasatch Mountains Of Utah, Robert L. Bayn Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Populations of Delphinium occidentale (Ranunculaceae)were monitored over two summers for the presence and dispersion of various life stages of several host specific phytophagous insects. Observations were made at several sites in the Wasatch National Forest east of Logan, Utah. Two species of larkspur aphid (Aphis rociadae and Kakimia wahinkae) were encountered. Although dispersal of alate individuals resulted in widespread infestation of the host plant population, aphids occurred initially on the same one or few plants at each site both springs. Little coexistence of the two species of aphid on the same plant was observed, perhaps because they partitioned …

Lagoon Effluent Polishing By Soil Mantle Treatment Using Various Utah Soil Types, Roger Scott Tinkey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of four Utah Great Basin soil types in removing particular chemical constituents and select enteric organisms from a sewage lagoon effluent. Sewage taken from the secondary oxidation pond in Logan, Utah was applied daily to lysimeters which allowed samples to be recovered at 7.6 and 38.1 centimeter soil depths. The texture of the soils was the most important physical property affecting their removal capacity. Drainage Farm soil (clay) provided the best bacteriological and overall chemical removal with Nibley (silty clay loam) second, then Draper (sandy loam) and Parleys (silty loam) …

Gas Exchange And Water Relations Of Two Alpine And Two Arctic Tundra Plant Species, Douglas Allan Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Although water stress is an important selective force in many environments, it is not commonly considered to be of particular importance in tundra areas. Even though large portions of tundra may have an abundance of water, other more exposed areas may become quite dry. This microsite variability with respect to moisture stress was reflected in soil water potential measurements obtained from an alpine tundra area on Niwot Ridge in Colorado. Even though soil water potentials were consistently above -5 bars in a relatively low lying Deschampsia meadow, soil water potentials from an exposed fellfield area were often as low as …

In Situ Nitrogen Fixation In Cold Desert Soil-Algae Crust In Northern Utah, Darwin Levoy Sorensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nitrogen fixation, as measured by the acetylene-ethylene assay, in the surface soils of southern Curlew Valley, Utah-Idaho was studied. The removal of nitrogen from the surface soil by precipitation runoff water was also studied, and the role of the soil-algae crust in preventing erosive loss of nitrogen was evaluated.

Nitrogen fixation during the study year was estimated to be less than 10 kg/ha. This level is probably sufficient to maintain steady-state on an annual basis in standing crop nitrogen in this environment.

Well structured, lichenous crusts had improved infiltration of precipitation and lowered erosive loss of nitrogen. Poorly structured and …

A Comparison Of Community College Students' Achievement And Attitude Changes In A Lecture-Only, Lecture-Laboratory, Lecture-Recitation Approach To General Education Biological Science Courses, Donald H. Dickinson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

student achievement and attitude changes toward science resulting from three different approaches used in teaching introductory general education biology at Diablo Valley Community College in Pleasant Hill, California, were compared. The three teaching approaches used were the lecture-only, lecture - laboratory and lecture-recitation.

The sample was composed of 129 students enrolled in Biology 101 and 102 at Diablo Valley Community College during fall semester 1974-75. Forty-three students comprised the control group taught by the lecture-only method. Forty-three students comprised the experimental group taught by the lecture-laboratory method. Forty-three students comprised a second experimental group taught by the lecture-recitation method.

Student …