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The Impact Of Nitrification On Soil Acidification And Cation Leaching In A Red Alder Ecosystem, H. Van Miegroet, D. W. Cole

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

The objectives of this study were to investigate the impacts of internal nitrification on soil and soil solution acidity and on the rate of nutrient export through NO3– mediated leaching. This was achieved by comparing soil chemical properties and soil solution composition within a naturally N-rich red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) ecosystem to those of an adjacent Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesil (Mirbel) Franco] forest where soil N levels were significantly lower and no measurable HNO3 production could be observed. In the red alder system, where > 100 kg ha–1 yr–1 of N were added through symbiotic N2 fixation, the net annual NO3– …

Review Of In-Place Treatment Techniques For Contaminated Surface Soils - Volume 2: Background Information For In Situ Treatment, Ronald C. Sims, Darwin L. Sorensen, Judith Sims, Joan E. Mclean, Ramzi Mahmood, R. Ryan Dupont

Reports

This second volume of a two volume manual on in-place treatment of hazardous waste contaminated soil supports the treatment methodology described in Volume 1 (EPA- ). The information presented on monitoring to determine treatment effectiveness, characterization and evaluation of the behavior and fate of hazardous constituents in soil/waste systems, and properties (including adsorption, degradation, and volatilization parameters) for various compounds is intended to help the manual user in making more complex decisions and in selecting analyses concerning site, soil, and waste interactions. This report was submitted in partial fulfillment of Contract No. 68-03-3113 by Utah State University under the sponsorship …

Sediment-Phosphorus Relationships In Deer Creek Reservoir, Jay J. Messer, Thomas B. Hardy, Jean M. Ihnat

Reports

Summary and Conclusions: Laboratory analyses of sediment samples recovered from Deer Creek Reservoir showed the sediments to have amoderate potential for serving as a source of phosphorus (P) for the overlying water solumn under anaerobic conditions. This source could account for the occurrence or exacerbation of blue-green algal blooms in the upper end of the reservoir when the sediment surface becomes anaerobic late in the summer. It could also delay the response of the reservoir to programs that decrease external P loading, if the upper end of the reservoir still has large enough algal blooms to render the sediment-water interface …

Soft-Op User Manual For Microcomputer Aided Process Control Of The Oxidation Ditch Facility, Drew D. Mcintyre

Reports

This manual is intended to be used in conjunction with the program SOFT-OP. SOFT-OP was developed at the Division of Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah. Funding for the program development was supplied by Tremonton City Corporation, Tremonton, Utah. Foreword: SOFT-OP has been developed for use by operators of oxidation ditch wastewater treatment plants (extended aeration activated sludge). The program serves as a useful took in daily plant operation by assisting the operator in various tasks related to process control. These tasks are grouped within the following three classifications: 1. Implementation of control parameters 2. Analysis of process characteristics …

Trihalomethane Compounds And Their Precursors In Salt Lake County: Evaluation Of Trihalomethane Source And Production, Kyle R. Cook, V. Dean Adams, Dennis B. George, Vincent A. Lamarra, Richard A. Hanson

Reports

Salt Lake County, Utah, watershed streams, drinking water treatment plants, and distribution systems were monitored for a period of one year or greater to determine the seasonal watershed precursor load, trihalomethane (THM) formation, and correlation between the two in the drinking water supplies. In addition, unit treatment processes were examined at Parleys, Big and Little Cottonwood water treatment plants, in the spring and late summer, to evaluate THM precursor reduction and THM formation. Additional studies were also conducted to appraise the potential contribution of natural sources to watershed THM precursor loading. Total organic carbon was used to estimate THM precursor …

Management Of Groundwater Recharge Areas In The Mouth Of Weber Canyon, Calvin G. Clyde, Christopher J. Duffy, Edward P. Fisk, Daniel H. Hoggan, David E. Hansen

Reports

Proper management of surface and groundwater resources is important for their prolonged and a beneficial use. Within the Weber Delta area there has existed a continual decline in the piezometric surface of the deep confined aquifer over the last 40 years. This decline ranges from approximately 20 feet along the eastern shore of the Great Salt Lake to 50 feet along in the vicinity of Hill Air Force Base. Declines in the piezometric surface are undesirable because of the increased well installation costs, increased pumping costs, decreased aquifer storage, increased risk of salt water intrusion, and the possibility of land …

General Catalog 1984-1986, Utah State University

University Catalogs

General Catalog of 1984-1986

Contains course descriptions, University college calendar, and college administration.

Vicuñas And Pastoralists On The Peruvian Altiplano, Rachel Walker

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Many articles, government publications, and a fairly lengthy book have been written about the vicuña (hereafter vicugna), as can be seen by the bibliography, which is in no way exhaustive. What I try to do here is bring together several factors that have not, to my knowledge, been documented in one article; the sociological and cultural aspects of the altiplano (high plains) community which is affected by the PEURV (Proyect Especial por la Utilization Racional de la Vicugna); some of the political and economic aspects of the campesino's life; the vicugna and its environmental adaption to the harsh puna (high …

The Application And Effectiveness Of Slow Sand Filtration In The United States, L. A. Slezak, Ronald C. Sims

Biological Engineering Faculty Publications

A survey of 27 slow sand filtration plants in the United States indicated that most of these plants are currently serving communities of fewer than 10 000 persons, are more than 50 years old, and are effective and inexpensive to operate. A slow sand filtration research facility in Logan, Utah, was compared with the operating plants to determine if locally available, unsieved sand achieved similar results. The 75‐m³/d research facility performed well in removing turbidity, coliform bacteria, and particles of a size representative of Giardia cysts.

Human Health Effects Assays, Ronald C. Sims, J. L. Sims, R. R. Dupont

Biological Engineering Faculty Publications

Current development and use of short-term bioassays to evaluate potential human health hazards of environmental chemical exposure has been the focus of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Second and Third Symposia on the Ap plication of Short-Term Bioassays in the Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures.¹'² Topics addressed included development and applications of bioassays, collection and preparation of environmental samples, characterization of hazardous components using bioassays, and environmental assessment. Bartsch and Tomabis,³ using six mutagenicity assays including sub mammalian and mammalian assays to evaluate the quantitative relationship between carcinogenicity and mutagenicity for 532 chemicals, concluded …

A Report On A Pilot Study On Cattle Grazed Patches In Herbaceous Vegetation, Victor Povilaitis

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Since the late 1960's, the term station (Goddard 1968), feeding station (Novellie 1978, Underwood 1982), and feeding site (Underwood 1983) have been used to describe the area in front of a foraging animal in which it can access forage without moving its front legs. The area is a hypothecial semicircle in front of the grazing animal, but the vegetation actually impacted by defoliation may be considered a "grazed patch," which may be the sum of several feeding stations. As animals graze the vegetation in an area, grazed patches are created. Presently, it is undocumented if such patches influence the behavior …

The Plant Information Network (Pin) Data Base: Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, Utah, And Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior, Fish And Wildlife Service

Plants

This publication provides introductory information on the Plant Information Network (PIN) and a print-out of PIN data. The PIN was a computerized data base containing information on native and naturalized vascular plants of five Western States. Information was included on over 5,000 species found in Colordo, Montana, North Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming. Because of funding restrictions PIN is no longer operated as a computerized data base. This publication makes the PIN data available to resource managers, planners, and others who have a continuing need for this information.

Approximately 500 descriptors were included in the data base for each species. These …

A Microsystem Sediment-Water Simulation Study For The Proposed Jordanelle Reservoir, Heber City, Utah, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation

Water

The technique of microsystem sediment-water simulation was used to predict water quality data for the proposed Jordanelle Reservoir, Heber City, Utah. Simulation microsystems were prepared for four sites located in the north arm of the reservoir basin including two sites located in an abandoned acid mine tailings pond. Data obtained from the tailings pond microsystems indicated that low pH water and high trace metal concentrations will exist in the north arm of the reservoir. These data suggested that some kind of membrane or compacted earth lining will be necessary to seal and contain the mine spoilage. Other sites in the …

Utah Science Vol. 44 No. 4, Winter 1983

Utah Science

91 TURKEY NUTRITION – The DNA Breakdown J.O. Anderson Feed quality and genetics are crucial considerations for poultry producers. The protein component of the diet has special significance. Even so, different strains of birds may vary in how they use identical diets.

94 THE BUILDING OF TURKEYS R.E. Warnick They may not look it, but turkeys are relatively frail birds. Researchers at Snow Field Station are therefore trying to help producers water effectively t their nutritional, housing, and general environmental needs.

98 IRON CHLOROSIS – THE Role for Iron in Chlorophyll Formation G.W. Miller and J.C. Pushnik Where and how …

Thomas Moran In Utah, Gaell Lindstrom

Faculty Honor Lectures

On July 9, 1873, Thomas Moran wrote to his wife Mary from Salt Lake City: "In the afternoon Powell and I went to Brigham Young's house and I was introduced to all the leading Mormons. There was Brig[ham] Young. Geo. A. Smith second man in power. Bishop Nusser [Musser]. Bishop Cannon. The editor of the Mormon paper and delegate to Congress. Bishop Hooper and some other Mormon high priests. They are very much like the rest of mankind and all smart fellows."l Moran came to Salt Lake via the Union Pacific Railroad to meet John Wesley Powell of Colorado River …

The Utah Statesman, November 21, 1983, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

The Utah Statesman, November 16, 1983, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

The Utah Statesman, November 2, 1983, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

The Utah Statesman, October 26, 1983, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

The Utah Statesman, October 7, 1983, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

Identifying Environmental Features For Land Management Decisions, Annual Report, United States, National Aeronautics And Space Administration

Land Use

This annual report outlines the major accomplishments of the Center for Remote Sensing and Cartography (CRSC) since the annual report was submitted in October 1982, with reference to the semiannual report of March 1983. The past year has been characterized by important progress in the research of digital processing techniques, completion of projects involving integrated remote sensing and environmental analysis, and interesting developments for new and continuing projects. Our computing strength is stronger than ever; we continue to rely primarily on the University of Utah Research Institute's Prime computer and NASA's Earth Resources Laboratory Applications Software (ELAS). We continue to …

A Characterization Of Woodpecker Damage To Houses In East Tennessee, Dan Evans, James L. Byford, Robert H. Wainberg

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Each year homeowners report damage and/or annoyance from woodpecker excavation and drumming activities on houses. Among the species that may be involved are the yellow-shafted flicker (Colaptes auratus), pileated woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus), red-bellied woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus), red-headed woodpecker (M. erythrocephalus), red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis), hairy woodpecker (P. uillosus), and downy woodpecker (P. pubescens) (Carlton 1975).

Integrated Pest Management: A Useful Approach To Wildlife Damage Control?, Robert M. Timm

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has become a popular phrase and is looked upon by some persons as the solution to all pest problems and many environmental issues. Unfortunately, the concept of IPM is often misunderstood and at times misused.

Fence Designs For Deer Control: A Review And The Results Of Recent Research In Southeastern New York, Jay B. Mcaninch, Ray Winchcombe, Mark Ellingwood

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Research on fences for deer control over the last 45 years has involved either the nonelectric or electric designs. The conventional nonelectric fence has been a vertical 8-to 10-foot woven-wire type which has proven effective in several states over the past 30 years. Some installations have included a 2-to 3-foot overhang of barbed or smooth wire at the top. All versions of this fence have been deemed excessively expensive by many consumers, although a recent New York study reported the 8-foot fence in new, high-density fruit orchards to be a very cost-effective control option.

Minimizing Black Bear Problems At New York State Public Campgrounds, John O'Pezio, Stephen H. Clarke, Gary B. Will

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The black bear's omnivorous foraging behavior has been both beneficial and detrimental to its coexistence with modern humans. The ability to feed on a variety of animal and vegetable matter, alive or dead, has been advantageous to the black bear's survival as its range has diminished. Although black bears have an innate aversion to people, many have learned to tolerate humans to acquire easily obtainable high energy concentrated artificial foods. Human carelessness in the storage and disposal of foods within or near bear habit at has resulted in conflicts between campers and wild bears. Forest Preserve public campgrounds create a …

Predicting Deer Damage On The Basis Of Metabolic Needs, Aaron N. Moen

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Damage to agricultural crops by deer has become a serious problem in recent years as deer populations have increased to high levels in many areas. Damage to orchards may be especially serious. Little attention has been given, however, to the basic animal-range relationships that underlie the extent of the damage. Deer "damaging" an orchard are fulfilling a metabolic need for nutrients; apple trees are an expedient food source in the winter and early spring when deer populations are concentrated.

Influence Of Deer Damage On Farmers' Perceptions Of Deer Population Trends: Important Implications For Managers, Daniel J. Decker, George F. Mattfeld, Tommy L. Brown

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Farmers' attitudes toward deer, their perceptions of deer depredations and their preferences for future deer population levels have been extensively studied in New York (Brown and Decker 1979; Brown et al. 1977a,1977b, 1978a,1978b, 1979,1980; Decker and Brown 1982; Decker et al. 1981a, 1981b). These studies have contributed to deer-population-management decisions that give consideration to farming interests. Nevertheless, farmers cannot be expected to support deer management efforts on their behalf if they do not understand the population changes such management is designed to achieve. Consequently, wildlife managers need to know whether or not the effects of such efforts are recognized. A …

An Assessment Of Farmers' Attitudes Towards Deer And Deer Damage In West Tennessee, Gary Tanner, Ralph W. Dimmick

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency (TWRA) has been involved in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus uirginianus) restoration since the 1950's. Annual deer harvest summaries of the TWRA reveal a many-fold increase in the number of deer taken by hunters in recent years, reflecting the success of that project. However, that success may be perceived as a mixed blessing by some of Tennessee's farmers, whose crops may be damaged by deer or who may have problems with deer hunters.

Meadow Vole Control In Ontario Apple Orchards, Zia Siddiqi, Dale Blaine, Stan Taylor

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Meadow vole, Microtus pennsyluanicus, is the most common field rodent found in Ontario and causes extensive damage to orchards and hardwood plantations (Radvanyi 1974a, 1974b). The damage is usually most serious when their normal food supply is limited, especially under deep snow cover during winter when occasionally voles breed (Brooks et al. 1976). The Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food (Ells and Hikichi 1979) suggests that damage to the orchards can be prevented by mowing the sods regularly, cleaning up trash from bases of fences, keeping the ground clean around tree base, use of pitfalls, and especially protecting the …

Ecology And Management Of Depredating Blackbirds In Ontario Field Corn, J. D. Somers, F. F. Gilbert, R. J. Brooks, D. E. Joyner

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Blackbird damage to field corn in southwestern Ontario has been a problem for farmers for many years (Whitney 1954; Dyer 1968). Historically, Kent and Essex counties were the major corn-growing regions in Ontario, and the most significant centers of corn depredation by blackbirds were in these counties. However, the development of new short-season cultivars has afforded the expansion of field corn production and corn depredation problems throughout southern Ontario. The Ontario Ministry of the Environment (OME) provided funding commencing in 1976 in response to these increased instances of corn depredation for a 4-year research program on the importance, ecology and …