Digital Commons Network^™

Multiage Classrooms: A New Way To Learn Math, Martha Taylor Dever, Randy Zila, Noel N. Mansano

Teacher Education and Leadership Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Improving The Implementation Of A Research Tool: Methods To Increase Library Survey Response Rates, Judith R.J. Johnson, Anne E. Hedrich

Library Faculty & Staff Publications

In the winter of 1992 we began research into the implementation of a university-wide survey. This project grew out of discussion about ways Merrill Library could be more responsive through collection development to changing trends in course offerings and research emphases at Utah State University. It was felt that our collection development policies traditionally answered and were based upon teaching needs but might not address research-related needs adequately. This was in large part due to a lack of information about the evolution of research directions throughout the USU community. The problem was further exacerbated by the spiraling costs of journal …

Ab Initio Study Of He(1s)+Cl2(X 1Σg,3Πu) Potential Energy Surfaces, G. Chalasinski, M. Gutowski, M. M. Szczesniak, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The potential energy surface of the ground state He+Cl₂(¹Σ_g) is calculated by using the perturbation theory of intermolecular forces and supermolecular Møller–Plesset perturbation theory approach. The potential energy surface of the first excited triplet He+Cl₂(³Π_u) was evaluated using the supermolecular unrestricted Møller–Plesset perturbation theory approach. In the ground state two stable isomers are found which correspond to the linear He–Cl–Cl structure (a primary minimum, D_e=45.1 cm⁻¹, R_e=4.25 Å) and to the T‐shaped structure with He perpendicular to the molecular axis (a secondary …

Theoretical Study Of Hydrogen Bonding And Proton Transfer In The Ground And Lowest Excited Singlet States Of Tropolone, M. V. Vener, Steve Scheiner, N. D. Sokolov

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Theoretical models of hydrogen bonding and proton transfer in the ground (S₀) and lowest excited ππ∗ singlet (S₁) states of tropolone are developed in terms of the localized OH...O fragment model and ab initio three‐dimensional potential energy surfaces (PESs). The PESs for proton transfer in the S₀ and S₁ states are calculated using ab initio SCF and CIS methods, respectively, with a 6–31G basis set which includes polarization functions on the atoms involved in the internal H bond. The Schrödinger equation for nuclear vibrations is solved numerically using adiabatic separation of the …

Antecedent Moisture Conditions For Utah Local Storm Probable Maximum Floods, Travis S. Taylor, David S. Bowles

Reports

Introduction: The critical inflow design flood for most dams in Utah is the probable maximum flood (PMF) resulting from the local storm probable maximum precipitation (PMP) event. Commonly, the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) curve number method is used to determine the PMF from the local storm PMP. An important factor in this determination is the assumption of antecedent moisture conditions (AMC) existing immediately prior to the onset of the PMP event. At one northern Utah dam site the use of AMC III increased the PMF peak flowrate by 50 percent over the peak obtained when AMC II was used (Win …

Low Frequency Climate Variability: Understanding The Rise And Fall Of The Great Salt Lake, Michael E. Mann, Upmanu Lall, Barry Saltzman

Reports

Connections between the Great Salt Lake (GSL) volume (V) and large-scale climate variations are developed through an analysis of the time series of the month-to-month differences in V (change in V), local precipitation and streamflow, and gridded U.S. sea level pressure and global temperature data. We isolate decadal and secular mdoes of cliamte variability that are coherent with change in V variations. The decadal variations results from a low-frequency north-south shifting of storm tracks which influence winter precipitation. These variations describe nearly 18% of the interannual variance in change in V, while the secular trend accounts for only ~1.5%. The …

Introducing Uncertainty Of Aquifer Parameters Into An Optimization Model, Robert L. Ward, Richard C. Peralta

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

A stochastic analysis is made for a previously described groundwater contaminant management model {Peralta and Ward, 1988). The stochastic model is based on incorporating uncertainty of the aquifer parameters transmissivity and effective porosity into the model. This is accomplished by finding the partial derivative of drawdown with respect to each of these parameters using a Taylor series expansion approximation of the Theis equation. Input that is required for the stochastic version is the mean of the transmissivity and effective porosity, the coefficient of variation of the transmissivity and effective porosity, and a reliability level (0%-100%) . The reliability is a …

Optimizing Irrigation Management For Pollution Control And Sustainable Crop Yield, Ghassan R. Musharrafieh, Richard C. Peralta, Ronald J. Hanks, Lynn M. Dudley

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

Irrigation strategies which maximize crop yield while maintaining target salt concentration in the root zone and/or prevent salt from leaching to the groundwater are computed using a nonlinear, one dimensional, simulation/optimization management model. The included constraint equations maintain a water volume balance and salt transport in the unsaturated zone. Utilized are implicit finite difference forms of the nonlinear, unsteady, unsaturated water flow equation (Richards's equation), and the diffusion-convection solute transport equation. Other constraints include nonlinear functions describing the hydraulic properties of the medium (hydraulic conductivity as a function of matric potential, volumetric water content as a function of matric potential, …

Caesium On Si(100) Studied By Biassed Secondary Electron Microscopy, M. Azim, C. J. Harland, T. J. Martin, R. H. Milne, J. A. Venables

Scanning Microscopy

An ultra-high vacuum scanning electron microscope (UHV-SEM) has been used to study sub-monolayers of Cs on Si(100) surface. Cs adsorption on the surface causes a considerable change in the work function. Coverages below 1/2 monolayer (ML) have been estimated by correlating the work function changes with the secondary electron (SE) signal. It has been found that this signal is sensitive down to ~ 0.005 ML when the sample is biassed to a few hundred volts.

Electron trajectories from a biassed sample have been simulated for electrons originating from different areas with different work functions across the sample. This indicates that …

Insights, Fall, 1993, Utah State University

Discovery Magazine

Bi-annual alumni newsletter for the College of Science of Utah State University in Logan.

Canyonlands National Park And Orange Cliffs Unit Of Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Environmental Assessment For Backcountry Management Plan, Canyonlands National Park, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Whether on foot. bicycle. horseback. or in vehicles, most visitors come to Canyonlands National

Park (Canyonlands) to experience solitude or to "get away from people." Yet visitation to

Canyonlands has risen exponentially over the past five years (Figures I and 2). Visitation is expected to continue to rise. As a function of this increase in number of visitors, adverse impacts to Canyonlands' resources have increased and the visitors' ability to find solitude has decreased. Since the mandate of the National Park Service (NPS) is to balance visitor access

to the parks with preservation and protection of natural and cultural resources, …

Onset Of Convection For Autocatalytic Reaction Fronts In A Vertical Slab, J. Huang, D. A. Vasquez, Boyd F. Edwards, P. Kolodner

All Physics Faculty Publications

A fully three-dimensional linear stability analysis shows that ascending autocatalytic reaction fronts in vertical slabs are unstable to convection for large-wavelength perturbations at all finite values of the dimensionless driving parameter S=δga³/νD_C. This parameter involves a fractional density difference δ between the unreacted and reacted fluids, the acceleration of gravity g, the slab width a, the kinematic viscosity ν, and the catalyst molecular diffusivity D_C. Buoyancy dominates over the competing curvature dependence of the front velocity in a band 0c of unstable dimensionless wave numbers, with q_c→S/24 as S→0 and q_{c …}

Cross-Sections For Electron Scattering Accompanied By Ionization Of Inner-Shells, M. Kotera, K. Yamamoto, H. Suga

Scanning Microscopy

A method is presented to describe the electron scattering process at an ionization of inner-shell electrons. The differential cross-section with the energy transfer and the momentum transfer is calculated using the expression of the generalized oscillator strength. This cross-section and the total ionization cross-section are fairly close to the results obtained by the Gryzinski equation. The photo-absorption cross-section obtained by the present treatment shows good agreement with the experimental data in a wide range of the photon energy. Based on the present treatment, the scattering angle distribution of the primary electron is calculated.

Precipitation Gauge Testing On The Wasatch Plateau, Utah, During Early 1993, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation

Meterology

The Bureau of Reclamation performed an independent evaluation of an ETI (Electronic Techniques, Inc.) precipitation gauge at the High Altitude Site on the western slope of the Wasatch Plateau in central Utah. The ETI gauge could provide a desirable alternative to conventional recording gauges in several applications, including evaluation of cloud seeding projects, if it performs as advertised. The testing program was intended to determine its performance in a winter mountain environment. The ETI precipitation gauge proved to be reliable from time of installation in late November 1992 until removal in late March 1993. The only problem found was an …

Suburban Deer Management: A Matter Of Perspective, Paul D. Curtis, Daniel J. Decker, Rebecca J. Stout, Milo E. Richmond

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Many metropolitan areas in the eastern United States are experiencing management conflicts associated with overabundant deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations. Sometimes these deer populations exceed the biological carrying capacity of available habitat and wildlife acceptance capacity (Decker and Purdy 1988) of local residents. For nearly 2 decades, a deer management controversy has been developing in Durand Eastman Park and the Town of Irondequoit, located in the greater Rochester metropolitan area, Monroe County, New York. Three local citizen organizations concerned about deer are described, and each has promoted various nonhunting alternatives to reduce human-deer problems. For 15 years, the New …

Opportunities And Challenges In Handling Nuisance Wildlife Damage In North Carolina, Peter T. Bromley, Carl Betsill, Rodney Cannon, Jon F. Heisterberg, Edwin J. Jones, William T. Sullivan Jr., Perry Sumner, Randall C. Wilson, David D. Woodward

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The current procedure for handling wildlife nuisance problems in North Carolina requires the landowner, manager, or lessee to obtain a Wildlife Depredation Permit from the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC), except when an animal is caught damaging property. The Wildlife Damage Committee of the North Carolina Chapter of The Wildlife Society bas evaluated the policy. Current laws and regulations do protect valuable, native wildlife species, but these requirements are unsatisfactory for handling routine nuisance wildlife problems. Citizen demand for assistance could be satisfied better if existing legislation were rewritten to provide the Commission more latitude in declaring certain animals …

Wildlife Damage Management On A Public Water Supply, Paul J. Lyons

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Wildlife populations can pose a variety of problems to managers of public water supplies. Further, new federal and state regulations governing the management and protection of drinking water supplies require greater consideration and mitigation of these problems. The Metropolitan District Commission (MDC) manages watershed lands that provide high quality drinking water to more than 2.4 million people in Massachusetts. This water originates from the central and western portions of the state, from 3 watersheds and 2 reservoirs that also provide habitat for a wide variety of wildlife species. In recent years, the MDC has evaluated the impacts of various wildlife …

Propagation Of Bamboo As Blackbird Lure Roost Habitat, Richard D. Flynt, James F. Glahn

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Bamboo and native cane species have been suggested as optimal lure roost habitat for shifting blackbird winter roosts away from objectionable urban/suburban sites. As the second phase in developing this potential concept of alleviating conflicts with blackbirds, we report on information gathered from the literature, consultations with bamboo horticulturists, and on-site visits to previously developed bamboo plantations to select desirable species of bamboo for this purpose, and to identify preferred propagating techniques. Bamboo species Phyllostachys rubromarginata and P. nigra henonis ranked highest in terms of greatest cold tolerance, greatest propensity for lateral spreading, and most suitable structure characteristics for maximizing …

Predator Depredations On Sheep In Pennsylvania, Gary W. Witmer, Arnold Hayden, Michael Pipas

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The eastern coyote (Canis Iatrans) has become common and widespread in many eastern states. We surveyed 331 sheep producers in Pennsylvania (PA); 22% reported predator losses in 1991, primarily to dogs and coyotes. Losses were heaviest in the southwest part of PA and producers reporting losses tended to have more sheep and more acreage in pasture. To reduce losses, producers used lambing sheds, fences, guard dogs and donkeys, confinement of sheep, trapping, and shooting. It appears that we can expect greater depredations in the future because of increased coyote numbers and a relatively low level of protection of …

Techniques For Reducing Bird Use At Nanticoke Landfill Near E. A. Link Airport, Broome County, New York, Paul D. Curtis, Charles R. Smith, William Evans

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Human and wildlife conflicts have increased in importance in many suburban areas of the United States. Birds pose a serious hazard to air traffic, and 1,200 - 1,500 bird strikes are reported to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) annually. The location of a landfill near an airport may increase avian activity because landfills provide a food source for omnivorous birds. To reduce avian hazards at airports, FAA Order 5200.5A established a proximity criterion prohibiting the location of any runway used by turbojet aircraft within 3,048 m of a landfill. However, existing landfills within this proximity may be kept open if …

Similarities Between Big Game Repellent And Predator Urine Repellency To White-Tailed Deer: The Importance Of Sulfur And Fatty Acids, Rebecca Lewison, N. Jay Bean, Evgeny V. Aronov, John E. Mcconnell Jr., J. Russell Mason

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

In the present experiment, we evaluated the repellency of Big Game Repellent^® (BGR), whole coyote urine, coyote urine with sulfur compounds removed, and water. Each stimulus was applied to an ornamental plant (hostas, Alba marginata) at 5 sites in the vicinity of Poughkeepsie, N.Y. At weekly intervals for 5 weeks, damage was recorded, treatments were reapplied, and plants were replaced when necessary. There was no damage to plants treated with either BGR or whole coyote urine. This was not true for plants sprayed with sulfur-free urine or water. We conclude that the repellency of coyote urine is largely …

Effects Of A Bird Hazard Reduction Force On Reducing Bird/Aircraft Strike Hazards At The Atlantic City International Airport, Nj., Andrew J. Montoney, H. Christopher Boggs

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Bird-aircraft strikes at the Atlantic City International Airport (ACY) increased from 18 in 1989 to 37 in 1990. The number of bird-aircraft strikes involving gulls (Larus spp.) during this time rose from 6 to 27, a 350% increase. The predominant species involved in bird strikes was the laughing gull (L. atricilla). Pursuant to an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/ Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)/ Animal Damage Control (ADC), ADC established a Emergency/Experimental Bird Hazard Reduction Force (BHRF) at ACY …

An Evaluation Of Max-Flex Fast Fence™ For Reducing Deer Damage To Crops, John T. Owen, James B. Armstrong, H. Lee Stribling, M. Keith Causey

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

A 2-year study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of Max-Flex Fast Fence™ electric fencing materials (polytape) for reducing damage to crops. Specifically, our goal was to look at the efficacy of this product for the home gardener. In the first phase of the project, plots of approximately 1/40 acre were established in areas of historically high deer densities. Each plot was planted with soybeans and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 fencing configurations or to the open control group. Within each plot, 6' wide strips were tilled across the length. These tilled areas were checked for the presence of …

The Use Of Odors To Induce Avoidance Behavior In Pine Voles, Christopher J. Salatti, Anthony D. Woolhouse, John G. Vandenbergh

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Commercial orchards, ornamental nurseries, and residential horticulture in North Carolina experience economic losses due to pine vole (Microtus pinetorum) depredation. Predator odors and the herbicide Casoron were tested as potential repellents for pine voles. To test for avoidance behavior, animals were allowed to build a nest in one of two chambers attached to each arm of a Y-maze. The cage containing the nest was treated with either a test repellent compound, methylene chloride (solvent control), or left unmanipulated (control). Animals were categorized as either maintaining or changing nest cage preference between pre-test and test periods. The number of …

Rejex-It™Ag-36, A Potential Tool To Protect Seeds From Bird Depredation, Peter F. Vogt

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The ever increasing bird populations (e.g., Black birds, geese etc.) are known to cause considerable losses to agriculture. This problem has reached serious proportions for crops that are farmed on large tracts and are seeded by aerial application such as rice and canola. ReJeX-iT™AG-36, a non-toxic, biodegradable bird aversion formulation, derived from food grade ingredients, has been proven in pen tests and field trials to be effective as a seed treatment to prevent birds from eating the treated seeds. The product does not harm the seeds or the effected birds in any way, even if ingested; it just makes the …

Status And Management Of Vole Damage To Horticultural Plantings In North Carolina, Peter T. Bromley, William T. Sullivan Jr.

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

A trapping study in 1979 indicated that voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus and M. pinetorum) were distributed widely in North Carolina. In 1991, Extension Agents with the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service were surveyed to determine the distribution, nature and severity of vole damage to horticultural plantings, home orchards, and other plantings. Data from the statewide trapping survey and the poll of agents coincided to indicate that voles, particularly pine voles, caused damage from the mountains to the coast. Existing, legal control methods were judged grossly inadequate by agents. Pursuant to the surveys, the North Carolina Pesticide Board and the …

Sixth Eastern Wildlife Management Conferences Summary And What Lies Ahead, James E. Miller

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

I want to begin by expressing appreciation to Ed Jones, Mike King, Greg Yarrow, Pete Bromley, John Heisterberg, and others on the program committee for hosting and conducting this Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference. I also want to express our appreciation to the exhibitors, the National Animal Damage Control Association, and The Wildlife Society (TWS) for their support. I think those of you who are still here will join me in congratulating these people, organizations, and TWS for helping ensure a successful conference. As one of the people who perceived the need for this conference in the early 1980's, …

Can We Landscape To Accommodate Deer? The Tracy Estate Research Garden, Helen H. Heinrich, Susan Predl

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The landscape of New Jersey is remarkably rich in vegetation and open space, despite the state's reputation as the nation's most populous state. This landscape is increasingly the product of intense interaction between the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and both native and cultivated vegetation, particularly in suburban communities, where both the whitetail and the vegetation coexist in abundance. Nearly extirpated at the tum of the century due to over-hunting, the state's white-tailed deer population today exceeds 140,000 because habitat is ideal and hunting seasons are carefully regulated. In many instances, where landowners choose not to use hunting as …

A Survey Comparison Of Pest Control And Nuisance Wildlife Control Operators In Kentucky, Thomas G. Barnes

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

A variety of factors including increased urbanization, decreased funding for governmental animal damage programs, and increases in some urban wildlife populations have resulted in a greater demand for urban nuisance wildlife control. Historically, this demand was met by Cooperative Extension Service (San Julian 1987), state fish and wildlife agency, or federal wildlife damage control employees (Bollengier 1987). These agencies provided educational materials, consultations, and/or physically removed animals. Recently, there is an increased demand for physical animal removal evidenced by increasing numbers of private pest control operators (PCO), companies that do general pest or insect control work, specializing in the removal …

Strategies To Address Human Conflicts With Raccoons And Black Bears In New Hampshire, Marsha E. Barden, Dennis Slate, Robert T. Calvert, Paul W. Debow

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The Cooperative Animal Damage Control program in New Hampshire has received increasing requests for assistance over the past 5 years. This trend is due largely to changing public concern over black bears (Ursus americanus) in residential areas and an epizootic of the Mid-Atlantic strain of rabies in raccoons (Procyon lotor). A growing number of requests is related to improper garbage storage and feeding of songbirds during late spring and summer. Some traditional methods, especially live- trapping and relocation, are not generally appropriate to resolve these conflicts. In this paper we discuss trends in requests for assistance …