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Sink Hollow Volume 4

Sink Hollow

Sink Hollow is growing up.

Our fledgling magazine is not so fledgling anymore. Bounding into a maturity that even the most passionate founding members could not have envisioned, Sink Hollow is here to stay. It is my pleasure, as this magazine’s third Managing Editor, to present to you my inaugural publication: Sink Hollow Volume IV.

This issue presents a raw, magnifying view into the ever-changing human experience. It reminds us that, no matter where we come from or what has shaped us, we are all uniquely, gloriously human. In these tumultuous times, it is essential that we allow ourselves to …

In Memoriam Donald L. Shaw (February 11, 1930-January 30, 2017): Scholar, Mentor, Friend, Mark P. Del Mastro

Decimonónica

In April 2006 at the annual Kentucky Foreign Language Conference (KFLC), Decimonónica sponsored a session honoring Donald Leslie Shaw’s broad scholarly contributions to Hispanism. It was one of five different panels organized for this renowned scholar in addition to a grand luncheon that celebrated his remarkable career and presented him Modernisms and Modernities: Studies in Honor of Donald L. Shaw, a Festschrift edited by Susan Carvalho that included her 12-page introduction, a wonderful biographical sketch of Shaw. Those of us present for these various tributes in Kentucky will never forget how visibly overwhelmed Shaw was by the multiple public …

Sink Hollow Volume 3

Sink Hollow

It's difficult to believe that my time with this journal has come to a close. It has been one of the greatest experiences of my undergraduate career to be an integral part of its publication.

At the time of this writing, our previous issues have been read over 5,500 times, with this volume set to increase that number substantially. We have worked with undergraduates across the United States and from many other countries as well. A great thanks goes out to all our submitters. Without you there is no journal.

Though I'm moving on to other things, I trust the …

“A Fin De Que No Se Propasen”: Tourism And Women’S Mobility In Nineteenth-Century Barcelona Guidebooks, Leigh Mercer

Decimonónica

In Scripted Geographies, Gayle Nunley argued that nineteenth-century Spanish travel writing has received only the scantest of critical attention (16), with the particular question of women and travel remaining at the outermost reaches of such inquiries, since, “in nineteenth-century Spain, perhaps even more than in some other European nations, international travel remained a predominantly male domain” (21). Historian Eric J. Leed has described the constitutive masculine nature of travel from the earliest epic literary productions to the present era of global tourism, while also acknowledging that the concept of sessility, or a fixed and planted nature, has been so …

Can Carbon Fluxes Explain Differences In Soil Organic Carbon Storage Under Aspen And Conifer Forest Overstories., Antra Boča, Helga Van Miegroet

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

Climate- and management-induced changes in tree species distributions are raising questions regarding tree species-specific effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and stability. Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) is the most widespread tree species in North America, but fire exclusion often promotes the succession to conifer dominated forests. Aspen in the Western US have been found to store more SOC in the mineral soil than nearby conifers, but we do not yet fully understand the source of this differential SOC accumulation. We measured total SOC storage (0–50 cm), characterized stable and labile SOC pools, and quantified above- and belowground litter …

Effects Of Attention On Postural Sway After Acl Injury, Natalie L. Ferguson

Research on Capitol Hill

The structure of variability in the human neuromotor system can be indicative of its health and function (Stergiou & Decker, 2011). More regular variation in gait is found in those with an ACL injury compared to those without (Decker, et al., 2011). Many things may influence postural control including where the mind is focused during a task. Focusing on something outside the body made performance on a balance task more automatic, whereas focusing on the body induced less automatic control (Wulf, et al., 2003). We tested the influence of attentional focus on non-linear aspects of postural sway post ACL injury. …

Vibrato In Early Music Performance Practice, Kaylee Simmons

Research on Capitol Hill

The aim of this project is to help vocalists reconcile opposing views of applying vibrato to contemporary performances of early music. First, written materials, both modern and historical, were evaluated and compiled in a comprehensive review. Some early authors appeared to dislike vibrato-like qualities, while others believed them to be pleasant so long as they were used in moderation. Modern authors displayed an array of views about vibrato, with arguments ranging from “vibrato use only” to “straight-tone use only.” They were found to generally base their opinions on vocal health and/or personal interpretations of historical data, though there was no …

High Intensity Ultrasound: A New Way To Replace Partially Hydrogenated Oil, Zachary Cooper

Research on Capitol Hill

Interesterified soybean oil was crystallized at 32, 30, 28, and 26 °C with and without high intensity ultrasound (20 kHz). Samples were placed in 1 cm diameter tubes and stored at 5 °C for 48 h. After storage, a 1.3 cm height cylinder was cut from the cylinder and placed in a filter paper (diameter 12.5 cm) at 5 and 25 °C for 24 h. Oil migration was measured as the diameter of the oil diffusing out of the crystalline matrix into the filter paper. Oil migration in samples stored at 25 °C occurred very fast and the diameter of …

Milk Spoilage Detection Using Ion-Sensitive Field-Effect Transistors, Luke Jarvis, Timothy Kerns, Jacob King

Biological Engineering

Background

• Americans throw away roughly 3.9 billion gallons of milk annually [1].

• Over 30 million tons of CO2 was emitted to produce this wasted milk [2].

• Much of this waste is the result of consumer reliance on inaccurate or misleading expiration labels [3].

• Manufacturers label milk with expiration dates prior to actual spoilage times to avoid lawsuits related to food poisoning.

Problem Statement

• Expiration dates provided to consumers are unreliable. Currently, there are no consumer products that assist consumers in determining actual spoilage of milk.

Planned Solution

• Develop an apparatus to accurately and reliably …

Optimization Of (2s)-Naringenin Production In Escherichia Coli, Logan Sherman, Zach Thomas, Cameron Zabriskie

Biological Engineering

Flavonoids, which are naturally occurring in plants, are known for their many health-promoting properties¹. These compounds have many applications for treatment of various health complications, but current processing limits their availability². Research in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering has been combined to make flavonoids easier to obtain by growing them in microorganisms³. Naringenin has been of particular interest in production because it is a precursor to many other flavonoid compounds⁴. While much research has been done on ways to optimize the production of naringenin from the amino acid L-tyrosine, a pathway has …

Optimized Bioproduction Of Resveratrol Using Genetically Modified Escherichia Coli, Scott Draper, Daniel Erickson, Brian Hoffmann

Biological Engineering

Resveratrol is a phenylpropanoid with many promising health benefits as an antioxidant (1). It is produced naturally in various plant species such as grapes, peanuts, and some berries.

The production of resveratrol through plants can be a long and expensive process (2). Producing resveratrol via microorganisms could be a way to eliminate these problems and thereby lower the cost (3,4). E. coli can be used to produce this compound in several hours, compared to several months of growing plants.

This project includes the analysis of several major growth parameters in E. coli that were designed and tested to achieve the …

Oxygen-Controlled Growth Chamber For Hypoxic Study, Dallon Durfey, Jared Theurer, Justus Clark

Biological Engineering

The purpose is to design a product that will allow researchers to more effectively and efficiently research the effects of low oxygen conditions on cell growth. The effects of hypoxic conditions on cell growth are studied in the research of Dr. Elizabeth Vargis at Utah State University. The process for this type of research has been practical and non-quantitative. Hypoxic conditions were introduced by simply closing the flask tightly with the included lid. The effects of cell growth were noted when the cap was closed, however, there were no quantifiable data to demonstrate oxygen concentrations over time. With the introduction …

Guide To Quaking Aspen Ecology And Management With Emphasis On Bureau Of Land Management Lands In The Western United States, Paul C. Rogers

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Aspen Health On National Forests In The Northern Rocky Mountain Region, James T. Blodgett, Kurt K. Allen, Kendra Schotzko, Al Dymerski

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Quaking Aspen In The Northern Rockies Retention And Restoration, Camille Stevens-Rumann, Penelope Morgan, Eva Strand, Diane Abendroth

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Occupational Licensing On Women And Minorities In Utah, Jacob Caldwell, Colton Cowan, Olivia Abercrombie

Research on Capitol Hill

The Effect of Occupational Licensing on Women and Minorities in Utah

Jacob Caldwell, Colton Cowan, Olivia Mackelprang, Fiona Harrigan

All state governments require occupational licenses in order to work in certain fields. Previous research and economic theory suggest occupational licenses are used to restrict the entry of workers into a chosen field, thus lowering the competition in a certain field (Young, 2012). Though costly to the licensed businesses, the lowered competition results in the ability to charge higher prices which may result in a net gain for the licensee (Stigler, 1971; Peltzman, 1976).We collect, analyze, and create an index from …

Structural And Functional Characterization Of The Shigella Flexneri Type Three Secretion System (T3ss) Atpase Spa47, Jenna Bouvang

Research on Capitol Hill

Shigella flexneri is a bacterial pathogen that causes shigellosis, a severe form of dysentery hallmarked by massive fluid loss and hemorrhaging of the intestines. Though treatable with certain antibiotics, shigellosis presents a worldwide health concern with an estimated 90 million infections and greater than 100,000 deaths annually. Shigella relies on a specialized transport system, called the type three secretion system (T3SS), to directly inject bacterial proteins into human host cells and cause infection. The complex protein machinery of the T3SS is highly conserved among related bacteria including Salmonella (food poisoning), Pseudomonas (lung infections), and Yersinia (plague). The apparatus includes a …

Identifying Multiple Predictors Of Physical Rehabilitation Outcomes, Jacklyn M. Sullivan, Elizabeth B. Fauth, Sydney Y. Schaeffer

Research on Capitol Hill

Previous studies have suggested that disability in activities of daily living (ADLs) is an outcome of cognitive impairment, physical limitations, psychosocial factors, and environmental constraints. We hypothesis that cognitive abilities and psychosocial factors measured at admission can be used to predict a patients physical therapy progression in a transitional care facility. Environmental conditions were held constant for all patients and physical limitations were not used as a predictor of therapy progression, as the test for therapy progression is based on physical ability. In a sample of adults (n=93) aged 38-98 receiving physical rehabilitation treatment, we collected Minimum Data Set (MDS) …

Establishing Peach Trees For Organic Production In Utah And The Intermountain West, Jennifer R. Reeve, C. M. Culumber, Brent Black, Andrew Tebeau, Corey Ransom, Diane Alston, M. Rowley, Thor Lindstrom

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

Adequate weed control and nutrient supply are critical for successful establishment of fruit trees. This is of particular concern in organic orchard establishment. In order to determine the best approach for establishing peach trees (Prunus persica L.) organically in climates characterized by hot dry summers and cold winters such as the North American Intermountain West, seven organic and three integrated and conventional treatment combinations were established in two first leaf orchards at the USU Kaysville Research Farm, Utah, in 2008 and 2009. Treatments consisted of different tree-row and alleyway mulch and fertilizer combinations. Compost or conventional fertilizer (16-16-16 and …

Narcissism And The Strategic Pursuit Of Short-Term Mating: Universal Links Across 11 World Regions Of The International Sexuality Description Project-2, David P. Schmitt, Lidia Alcalay, JüRi Allik, I. C. B. Alves, Craig A. Anderson, A. L. Angelini, Jens B. Asendorpf, Ivars Austers, Isabel Balaguer, Américo Baptista, Sóley S. Bender, Kevin Bennett, Gabriel Bianchi, Behrooz Bianchi, April Bleske-Rechek, Fredrick A. Boholst, Lynda Boothroyd, Teresa Borja, Arjan Bos, Edwin Brainerd, Gary L. Brase, José Brites, M. Burakova-Lorgnier, Mark Byrd, J. A. Camilleri, Andrea Camperio Ciani, Leo Gerard A. Caral, Katherine B. Camelley, Marina Carvalho, Janette Casson, Isabel Castillo, Alejandro Castro, Maria Martina Casullo, Valery I. Chirkov, Jean Choi, Danielle Cohen, Cecilie Amalie Collin-Hansen, Melissa A. Commisso, Elvira Consuegra, Lorena Cordovez, Cem Safak Cukur, Mary Ann Borg Cunen, Michael Cunningham, Layton Seth Curl, Petra Daniel, Jaap J. A. Denissen, Serge Desmarais, Eros Desouza, Rolando Diaz-Loving, M. Shamsuddin Elias, Aukse Endriulaitiene, Ekin Eremsoy, Francisca Expósito, Ruth Falzon, Ana Maria Fernandez, Kumari Fernando, José H. B. P. Ferreira, Bernhard Fink, Maryanne Fisher, Julie Fitness, Karissa Flowers, David Frederick, Sirpa Fry, Osamu Fukushima, Stanley O. Gaines Jr., Renee V. Galliher, E. Gandari, Glenn Geher, Douglas A. Gentile, Jessica M. Geri, V. N. Giri, Deborah Golden, Fiona Gordon, Kristina C. Gordon, Karl Grammer, Liria Grimaldi, Stephen Giunta, Endre Hajdú, Jamin Halberstadt, Gert Hald, Magdalena S. Halim, Shamsul Haque, Siri Katinka Harlem, Krystle A. Hearns, Patrick Heaven, Marie Helweg-Larsen, Eduardo Wills Herrera, Dora Herrera, Janine Hertel, Heather Hoffmann, Henrik Høgh-Olesen, Barbara J. Houle, Jasna Hudek-Knezevic, Jas Jaafar, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Igor Kardum, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Brigitte Khoury, Tibor Kökény, Silvia Koller, Solvina Konrads, John R. Kraft, Barry X. Kuhle, Agota Kun, Anton-Rupert Laireiter, Katalin Lányi, Maryanne Lauri, Shiri Lavy, Olufemi Adigun Lawal, Visvaldas Legkauskas, Chen Li, Hung-Yu Lin, Robert Lloyd, Kenneth D. Locke, Sylvie A. Lombardo, Ivan Luksik, Brian Lythe, Sonja Lyubomirsky, Sanna Malinen, Heather J. Martin, Teresa-Anne B. Mashego, Michael E. Mills, Mario Mikulincer, Imelu G. Mordeno, Miguel Moya, C. Ndeya-Ndereya, Mark Nelissen, Franz J. Neyer, Helmuth Nyborg, V. B. Oliveira, Adrian Opre, Suzanne L. Osman, Delroy L. Paulhus, Boguslaw Pawlowski, Lars Penke, Letitia Anne Peplau, Nebosja Petrovic, Steven M. Platek, Nuška Podobnik, TüNde Polonyi, Miroslav Popper, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Wade C. Rowatt, Willibald Ruch, Margaret Makore Rukini, Velko S. Rus, Brad J. Sagarin, Kikue Sakaguchi, Sonia Salas, N. Kenneth Sandnabba, Pekka Santtila, Dory A. Schachner, Monika Schmidt, Astrid SchüTz, Todd K. Shackelford, Phillip R. Shaver, Lindiwe B. T. Sibisi, Francis Sichona, Franco Simonetti, Tilahun Sineshaw, Toshihiko Souma, Tatjana Stefanovic Stanojevic, Irmina Sukiennik, Nebi SüMer, Petra Szeghy, Sara Leyla Szente, Tomasz Szlendak, Daniel Tefera, Niki Thoma, Sigal Tifferet, Chris Tkach, Zita Tordai, Eleanor Tranthan, Ioannis Tsaousis, F. S. K. Tungaraza, Marijke Van Duynslaeger, Pepijn Van Empelen, Frank Van Overwalle, Ine Vanwesenbeeck, Marco Antônio Corrêa Varella, Pablo Vera-Villarroel, Martin Voracek, Dmitry Vorontsov, Wendy Wan, Petr Weiss, Deborah P. Welsh, Siswa Widyatmoko, Liesbeth Woertman, Eileen Wood, Lucinda Woodward, Hai Ye, Gahyun Youn, Agata Zupančič

Psychology Faculty Publications

Previous studies have documented links between sub-clinical narcissism and the active pursuit of short-term mating strategies (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality, marital infidelity, mate poaching). Nearly all of these investigations have relied solely on samples from Western cultures. In the current study, responses from a cross-cultural survey of 30,470 people across 53 nations spanning 11 world regions (North America, Central/South America, Northern Europe, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Middle East, Africa, Oceania, Southeast Asia, and East Asia) were used to evaluate whether narcissism (as measured by the Narcissistic Personality Inventory; NPI) was universally associated with short-term mating. Results revealed narcissism scores …

From Wearing To Wondering: Treating Wearable Activity Trackers As Objects Of Inquiry, Joel R. Drake, Ryan Cain, Victor R. Lee

Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications

Wearable technologies represent a rapidly expanding category of consumer information and communications technologies. From smartwatches to activity tracking devices, wearables are finding their way into many aspects of our lives, changing the way we think about ourselves and the world around us. The rapid adoption of these tools in everyday life hints at the possibilities these devices may hold in school and other educational settings. Drawing on examples taken from a five-year study using wearable fitness tracking devices in elementary and middle school classrooms, this paper presents two examples of how wearable devices can be appropriated for use in school …

Associate Editors

Human–Wildlife Interactions

No abstract provided.

On John Wilmot (Lord Rochester) "Upon Nothing": A London School Stylistics Account, Gene Washington

English Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Genetic Sequencing Using 16s Rrna For Pathogen Identification In Retropharyngeal Lymph Nodes From Wild Elk, David J. Wilson, Jacqueline P. Kurz

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Cervical region lymph nodes collected by hunters from 43 wild hunter-harvested elk (Cervus elaphus) in Utah were submitted to the Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory during fall 2009. We evaluated these lymph nodes as specimens for identification of bacterial pathogens using 16S rRNA genetic sequencing. Thirty-seven bacterial species were identified; each was found in 2 to 30 individual elk. Many common ruminant livestock pathogens were identified in elk; pathogens previously reported in elk were Pasteurella multocida and Streptococcus spp. Cervical region lymph nodes harvested from wild ruminants appear to be acceptable samples for genetic sequencing of bacteria.

Patterns Of Crop Rading By Wild Ungulates And Elephants In Ramnagar Forest Division, Uttarakhand, Ankur Kumar, Harendra Singh Bargali, Ashish David, Advait Edgaonkar

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Crop raiding is a major form of human–wildlife conflict that not only affects livelihoods of farmers living close to forest areas but also jeopardizes the objective of wildlife conservation. In this study, we report patterns associated with crop raiding based on periodic fi eld inspections of 95 crop fields spread across 16 villages in India. Average raided area of the fi eld was highest in seedling stage (21%). Fields closer to the forest edge incurred higher damage in the seedling (22%) and mature stages (7%) than fields farther from the forest edge, although this was not statistically significant. Guarding was …

Comparing Urban And Wildland Bear Densities With A Dna-Based Capture-Mark-Recapture Approach, Jonathan L. Fusaro, Mary M. Conner, Michael R. Conover, Timothy J. Taylor, Marc W. Kenyon Jr., Jamie R. Sherman, Holly B. Ernest

Human–Wildlife Interactions

California’s black bear (Ursus americanus) population has tripled over the last 3 decades, causing an increased incidence of human–bear conflicts, many of which now occur in urban areas. Consequently, it is imperative that bear managers have the ability to monitor population parameters in both wildland and urban environments to help manage bears. Capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods using uniquely typed genetic samples (DNA) collected via hair-snares have been widely used to monitor bears in wildland areas. However, we are unaware of researchers applying this technique to bears occupying urban areas. We implemented a multi-year DNA-based CMR study to compare bear densities between …

Gender Differences In Nonlinear Motor Performance Following Concussion, Breanna E. Studenka, Adam Raikes

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

Purpose: To quantify differences in nonlinear aspects of performance on a seated visual-motor tracking task between clinically asymptomatic males and females with and without a self-reported mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) history.

Methods: Seventy-three individuals with a self-reported concussion history (age: 21.40 ± 2.25 years) and 75 without (age: 21.50 ± 2.00 years) completed the visual-motor tracking task. Participants pressed an index finger against a force sensor, tracing a line across a computer screen (visual-motor tracking). The produced signal's root-mean-square error (RMSE), sample entropy (SampEn, a measure of regularity), and average power (AvP) between 0 and 12 Hz were calculated. …

Achieving And Maintaining Sustainable White-Tailed Deer Density With Adaptive Management, David S. Decalesta

Human–Wildlife Interactions

A leadership team developed an adaptive management program to reduce deer density and impact on a 29,642-ha forested demonstration area in northwest Pennsylvania incorporating goal setting, monitoring, and communicating with and motivating hunters. We linked reduction of deer density to environmentally sustainable levels with an appeal to the values of hunters (improving deer and habitat quality). The communication program educated and involved hunters as active participants in all phases of the management plan. We monitored deer density, deer impact, deer health, and hunter satisfaction to adjust numbers of permits for harvesting antlerless deer and to improve hunter access and use …

Awards And Scholarships, Terry A. Messmer

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Dr. Michael Kuhns, Department Head for Utah State University Wildland Resources (left) presents Dr. Michael R. Conover (right) with a U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Special Recognition Award at a recent Department of Wildland Resources meeting at Utah State University. Dr. Conover was recognized by USDA for his lifelong commitment and contributions to the fi eld of wildlife damage management. The award citation stated: The U.S. Department of Agriculture Special Commendation Awarded to Dr. Michael R. Conover—For your significant years of service and exemplary contributions in enhancing the professionalism and science of the fi eld of wildlife damage management as …

Nutrient Processes At The Stream-Lake Interface For A Channelized Versus Unmodified Stream Mouth, Richard G. Niswonger, Ramon C. Naranjo, David R. Smith, Jim E. Constantz, Kip K. Allander, Donald O. Rosenberry, Bethany T. Neilson, Michael R. Rosen, David A. Stonestrom

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

Inorganic forms of nitrogen and phosphorous impact freshwater lakes by stimulating primary production and affecting water quality and ecosystem health. Communities around the world are motivated to sustain and restore freshwater resources and are interested in processes controlling nutrient inputs. We studied the environment where streams flow into lakes, referred to as the stream-lake interface (SLI), for a channelized and unmodified stream outlet. Channelization is done to protect infrastructure or recreational beach areas. We collected hydraulic and nutrient data for surface water and shallow groundwater in two SLIs to develop conceptual models that describe characteristics that are representative of these …