Digital Commons Network^™

Early Adolescent Gifted And Talented Students And Their Experience With Bullying, William T. Allen Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Bullying, in all its forms (e.g., verbal, physical, cyber, social ostracism), is a continual problem in public schools. It exacerbates the painfully high suicide rate among early adolescent students, especially in the western U.S., with some evidence showing distinctions within the academically advanced gifted and talented (GT) cohort. Research shows GT students (GTs) are bullied at nearly double the rate of the mainstream population. Yet, quantitative statistics indicate GTs and non-GTs suffer comparable rates of trauma internalization, suicide ideation, and suicide. Some quantitative differences do start to appear with further personality distinctions. This points to a possibility that qualitative dissimilarities …

Exploring The Connection Between Acid Exposure And Virulence In Listeria Monocytogenes, Minghao Li

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive food-borne pathogen that is widely dispersed in the environment and can cause listeriosis with high fatality rates when consumed in contaminated food products. They are capable of growing over a wide range condition. Listeria is also able to tolerate adverse conditions which allows the bacterium to survive in unfavorable environments. The ubiquitous nature of L. monocytogenes makes it difficult to eliminate from food systems. One major problem in the food industry is the survival of L. monocytogenes under sublethal low pH-environment since organic acids are widely used as food decontaminants. Prior research has suggested that …

Protecting Crops From Abiotic Stress: Copper Oxide Nanoparticle Effects On Wheat And A Beneficial Rhizobacterium, Matthew Potter

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nanoparticles (NPs) are defined as particles less than 100 nm in at least one dimension. CuO NPs have possible applications in agriculture as micronutrient sources, pesticides, and enhancers of crop stress tolerance. Here, three aspects of CuO NP agricultural applications are studied: 1) the potential of CuO NPs to prevent wheat lodging-when crops irreversibly fall over; 2) CuO NP-induced drought tolerance in wheat seedlings; and 3) the effects of CuO NPs on outer membrane vesicle (OMV) production by Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 (PcO6), a plant-health promoting bacterium.

Wheat grown 7 d exposed to CuO NPs in the growth matrix …

Try The Wine: Food As An Expression Of Cultural Identity In Roman Britain, Molly Reininger

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Research surrounding cultural identity and food customs throughout history are published often, but any research that attempts to combine the two are often based in more recent history. Few combinations of the two are available, and fewer explore the implications within ancient colonization and expansion.

The research for this thesis was conducted with three viewpoints in mind: the colonization of Britannia from Romans within the new colony, the colonization from the native Briton's perspective, and the Roman citizens within Britannia at the end of Rome's military involvement with the colony. This method was chosen because in the early years of …

Harmful Algal Blooms: Dominance In Lakes And Risk For Cyanotoxin Exposure In Food Crops, Austin D. Bartos

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Climate change and human activities are promoting the dominance of a photosynthetic family of aquatic bacteria, cyanobacteria. Blooms of cyanobacteria are not only a visual nuisance but can produce a variety of cyanotoxins than can harm the liver, skin, and nervous system of animals and humans. We analyzed lakes in the contiguous United States and found that between 2007 and 2012, the number of lakes that produced measurable quantities of cyanotoxins increased from 33% to 45%. Nitrogen and phosphorus pollution were the main drivers of cyanobacteria blooms and toxin production between these years. Many of these lakes and reservoirs are …

National Survey Of Professional Development On Writing Compliant Transition Individualized Education Programs, M. Faith Thomas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A national survey of special education administrators was conducted on current special education teacher trainings, the internal monitoring processes on transition IEPs, and the effect training has on compliance with federal law. In addition, this student researcher examined training and internal monitoring systems to determine if there were any similarities or differences between rural, suburban, and metropolitan school districts. An explanatory sequential mixed methods design gathered survey data from 147 special education administrators from across the U.S. and conducted interviews with 14 participants representing rural, suburban, and metropolitan school districts. When combining survey and interviews data, the results showed that …

Teaching Appropriate Feedback Reception Skills Using Computer-Based Training, Seth G. Walker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Feedback is a commonly used intervention to address performance issues in a number of settings. Most research on feedback has focused on manipulating parameters surrounding the delivery of feedback. However, the interaction between those delivering the feedback and a feedback recipient may also influence the impact of performance feedback. The current study investigated the efficacy of training individuals to receive feedback in an appropriate manner using a computer-based training format. Following computer-based training, participants exhibited increases in accuracy of appropriate feedback behaviors when compared to baseline. Participants also demonstrated slight increases in performance on primary job tasks. This study extends …

Supporting Adolescent Mental Health Within School Culture And Curricula: Inviting Adolescents To Utah's Mental Health Conversation, Diana West

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Utah is facing a mental health crisis. Between 2011 and 2017, teen suicides nearly tripled in Utah and had become the leading cause of death for children ages 10-17. Educators and policymakers are scrambling to provide students with mental health supports in schools, but an incomplete understanding of the challenges that students face can make it difficult to meet their needs. Each year state agencies ratchet up awareness, funding, and the determination to support mental health initiatives, but each year adolescent mental health in Utah becomes more precarious. The purpose of this study is to change the conversation by inviting …

Exploring In Vivo And In Vitro Regulation Of The Shigella Type Three Secterion System Atpase Spa47, Heather B. Case

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Diarrheal disease is caused by a diverse group of enteric pathogens and is one of the leading causes of preventable deaths worldwide. Some of the most common causes of diarrheal disease are bacterial pathogens such as Salmonella, E. coli, Cholera, and Shigella. Many bacterial enteric pathogens use a type three secretion system (T3SS) to cause infection. The T3SS uses a needle and syringe like apparatus that allows the bacteria to inject proteins into the host cell to cause infection. Striking similarities in T3SSs from all pathogens that utilize them makes the T3SS an attractive target for …

Harvest Efficiency Of Forage Grazed By Cattle And The Effect Of Pinyon And Juniper Treatments On Vegetation Cover On The Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument, Ruger P. Carter

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument (GSENM), located in central south Utah, currently has 76,957 active grazing animal unit months on the monument. Recently, there has been questions whether the harvest and grazing efficiency coefficients developed in the Midwest are applicable to the arid, bunch grass dominated systems of the GSENM. Harvest and grazing efficiency defines the percentage of allocated forage that is being ingested by the animal, and the percentage that is being wasted. Harvest and grazing efficiency coefficients were calculated on the Lower Cattle allotment on the GSENM by taking total forage production and dividing that by expected …

Anthropogenic Influences On Bacterial Assemblages In Stream Biofilms, Elizabeth M. Ogata

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Bacteria within biofilms are an essential component of stream ecosystems, influencing the movement of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in watersheds. To better understand the ecological effects of human activities on stream ecosystems, my research examined how nutrients and pharmaceuticals, common pollutants in streams worldwide, influence bacterial assemblages in stream biofilms. First, I tested how nutrients (N, P, iron) and pharmaceuticals (caffeine, diphenhydramine) influenced biofilm bacterial microbiomes (taxa present in at least 75% of samples of a contaminant treatment). Nutrients allowed taxa known for their ability to thrive in nutrient-rich environments to dominate microbiomes, pharmaceuticals supported a rich …

Impacts Of Tourism On The Ecophysiology Of The Endangered Northern Bahamian Rock Iguana (Cyclura Cychlura), Alison C. Webb

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Increased interest in ecotourism over recent years has led to more direct human-animal interactions and a striking concomitant increase in the provisioning of non-natural food, that may have unintended consequences for the wildlife involved. The critically endangered Northern Bahamian Rock Iguana provides a valuable model to address the potential impact of food provisioning on health as there are populations that represent a graded variation in human presence, with sites experiencing high, low, or no tourism. To assess the potential impacts of tourism on iguana physiology I first reviewed the relevant literature on iguana physiology and then performed three investigations focusing …

Cultural And Contextual Influences On Mental Health, Stigma, And Substance Use Among Mena U.S. College Students, Molly Mechammil

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The aim of this dissertation was to investigate whether certain cultural and contextual factors influence Middle Eastern/North African (MENA) college students' mental health, alcohol/marijuana use, and experiences with mental health stigma and help seeking. Research with MENA college students is very limited, which leaves mental health providers with limited information on how to best support MENAs. MENAs report high rates of discrimination, and other research shows that many they may use religion as a way to cope with stressors such as discrimination. I examined whether religious coping might buffer the effects of discrimination on mental health outcomes. I also considered …

Kudos And K.O.M.'S: The Effect Of Strava Use On Evaluations Of Social And Managerial Conditions, Perceptions Of Ecological Impacts, And Mountain Bike Spatial Behavior, Noah E. Creany

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Smartphone based self-tracking fitness applications (apps) like Strava are increasingly becoming a part of recreation experiences in parks and protected areas (PPAs). Recreation research has employed smartphone GPS tracking (SGT) and volunteered geographic information (VGI) to study visitor behavior in PPAs, but little is understood about how smartphones or fitness apps affect visitor perceptions and behavior during their experience.

The first chapter of this thesis is a literature review of recreation survey and behavior research, social-psychology and technology use theory, gamification, and mountain bike social science and recreation-ecology research. The second chapter is formatted for submission to the Journal of …

Effect Of Long Pasteurization Run Times On Bacterial Numbers In Milk, Brynli Tattersall

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This project was funded by the Western Dairy Center to understand how long a milk pasteurizer can be operated before increases in bacterial numbers are observed in the pasteurized milk. While pasteurization kills pathogenic bacteria there are some non-pathogenic bacteria that can survive and have the ability to become attached to the surfaces in the cooling sections of the pasteurizer. Some bacteria can also produce spores that survive pasteurization even if the bacterial cells are killed. Temperatures in the cooling section remain in a range suitable for growth of these heat-tolerant bacteria and can allow germination of bacterial spores. While …

A Unique 16u Cubesat Architecture For 1.5m Gsd Commercial Earth Observation, Matthys Cronje, Jacob Mølbach Nissen, Jacu Vos, Eben Grobbelaar, Johan Du Plooy, Søren Pedersen, Leonardo Ghizoni

Small Satellite Conference

Satellite operators frequently use 3U and 6U CubeSats for Earth Observation (EO) applications. These nanosatellites do have a few challenges when addressing the needs of the commercial EO sector:

✔the demand for more spatial, spectral and radiometric detail

✔the long term reliability of the satellite bus, and

✔accuracy of the satellite imagery.

This poster introduces a 16U CubeSat architecture to address these challenges by optimizing the imaging payload to fit in a 12U volume and the satellite bus within a 4U volume.

Preparing Cysat-1: A Look At Iowa State University’S First Cubesat, Matthew E. Nelson, Dae Young Lee, Mackenzie Kilcoin, Luke Gordon, William Brown

Small Satellite Conference

In this paper, an overview of the scientific mission of CySat-1, the derived vehicle requirements, impact on system design, and the educational opportunities presented by these challenges. CySat-1, previously scheduled for launch on the SpaceX-21 and awaiting further details following the COVID-19 pandemic, is a CubeSat designed and built by students at Iowa State University. The primary mission of CySat-1 is to provide hands-on experience to undergraduate students in designing, building, and testing a space system. CySat-1 also hosts a scientific payload, a software-defined radio (SDR) radiometer, to survey soil moisture content on Earth from Low Earth Orbit. This mission …

Magneto: Mapping The Earth’S Magnetic Field At 300 Km Using Cots Sensors, Lizette Villafana, Jessica Yuan, Liam Broadus, Warren Su, Claire Carlton, Ava Norrell, Rahul Rughani, Eugene Park, David Barnhart

Small Satellite Conference

In the nearly two decades that CubeSats have been in significant use, over 800 have been launched, and many more are under construction. They have gained popularity in the industry and are often the choice for most first-time small-satellite missions. The University of Southern California’s (USC) Space Engineering Research Center (SERC) has developed a 1.5U student-built science mission called Magneto. Magneto is USC’s fourth CubeSat mission, and it has the goal of mapping the Earth’s magnetic field in Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) using Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) hardware, to determine the viability of using COTS sensors to decrease the mission cost by …

The Development And Application Of The F Prime Magicdraw Plug-In User Handbook, Trent Rich

Small Satellite Conference

F Prime is an open-source framework developed at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) to facilitate software development for small-scale flight systems. In addition to providing a suite of tools for software development, F Prime enables the modeling and generation of flight software through a MagicDraw plug-in. Systems modeling methodologies, such as Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE), leverage modeling languages, such as SysML, and tools, such as MagicDraw, to capture and maintain system design. However, these methodologies typically neglect software, capturing only the system hardware and behavior. For CubeSat projects, it is desired to develop …

On-Orbit Performance Of The Bcp-100 Green Propellant Infusion Mission, Brian Marotta, Christopher Mclean, Brad Porter

Small Satellite Conference

The Green Propellant Infusion Mission (GPIM) spacecraft was launched in June of 2019 as a secondary payload on the Air Force’s STP-2 Falcon Heavy launch vehicle. GPIM is a BCP-100, a line of ESPA class spacecraft designed by Ball. The BCP-100 was designed around the capability to support multiple payloads on a single platform, and be able to fly in a wide range of orbits without the need to reconfigure the spacecraft in any way. Proving the flexibility and multi-role capability of the BCP-100 design, there are three secondary payloads on GPIM. In addition to the green propellant payload, iMESA, …

Nasa Spacecube Intelligent Multi-Purpose System For Enabling Remote Sensing, Communication, And Navigation In Mission Architectures, Cody Brewer, Nicholas Franconi, Robin Ripley, Alessandro Geist, Travis Wise, Sebastian Sabogal, Gary Crum, Sabrena Heyward, Christopher Wilson

Small Satellite Conference

New, innovative CubeSat mission concepts demand modern capabilities such as artificial intelligence and autonomy, constellation coordination, fault mitigation, and robotic servicing – all of which require vastly more processing resources than legacy systems are capable of providing. Enabling these domains within a scalable, configurable processing architecture is advantageous because it also allows for the flexibility to address varying mission roles, such as a command and data-handling system, a high-performance application processor extension, a guidance and navigation solution, or an instrument/sensor interface. This paper describes the NASA SpaceCube Intelligent Multi-Purpose System (IMPS), which allows mission developers to mix-and-match 1U (10 cm …

Testing Of A Green Monopropellant Integrated Propulsion System, Joe Cardin, Tate Schappell, Chris Day

Small Satellite Conference

VACCO has application-engineered a green monopropellant Integrated Propulsion System (IPS) specifically designed for ESPA-class small satellites. The Integrated Propulsion System is a smart propulsion system with propellant storage, pressurant storage, feed system, controller, software and four flight-proven 1N non-toxic thrusters in a compact bolt-on package. This paper documents Protoflight testing of the first flight system against specified requirements.

Protoflight testing of the Integrated Propulsion Systems combines both acceptance testing that screens for workmanship and Protoflight and qualification testing that verifies the design. As with conventional propulsion systems, Integrated Propulsion Systems are not hot fire tested at the system level. The …

Precision Pointing Considerations For Long-Distance Free-Space Optical Communications, John Thomas Beasley, Thomas Benjamin Walsh, Eric Glenn Forstner

Small Satellite Conference

Present and future demand for global, low-latency telecommunications gives rise to several proposed constellations of satellites in Low Earth Orbit that feature high-bandwidth optical network links between spacecraft.

Free-space optical communication between satellites on separate orbital planes is a non-trivial endeavor. Over long distances, the budget for pointing error is very restricted. To illustrate the scales involved, this paper begins with a quantitative examination of angular inter-satellite vectors. This establishes context for the subsequent presentation of relevant design, integration, and on-orbit considerations that affect the ultimate performance of extremely precise pointing and tracking systems.

Coarse pointing precision plays a substantial …

Passive Attitude Control To Decrease Cubesatellite Complexity, Alexander Barovier, Devan Wagner, William Ward, Andrei R. Hanu, Eric Johnston, Soo Hyun Byun

Small Satellite Conference

Attitude control is often a requirement for the optimal functionality of satellite payloads. The McMaster Neutron Dosimetry and Exploration (NEUDOSE) mission aims to measure charged and neutral radiation in Low Earth Orbit. NEUDOSE can detect particles effectively from any direction due to its spherical symmetry, meaning unlike most satellite missions, it does not require attitude control to function. The attitude is still crucial for the mission in order to achieve optimal communication. The NEUDOSE satellite utilizes Ultra High Frequency and Very High Frequency dipole antennas for communication. If the satellite’s attitude lines up in a specific orientation, communication will be …

Low Cost Magnetosphere Measurement: Leveraging Fusion Of Low Data Rate Downlink With Amateur Radio Community, Claire Carlton, Everett Maness, David Barnhart

Small Satellite Conference

In the last 10-20 years, the simplified structure and low-costattributes of CubeSats have given universities and other student groups the opportunity to build and launch their own small satellites. This was the case with the University of Southern California’s 4th CubeSat, Magneto. Magneto’s mission objective is to validate two magnetometers, provided in partnership by Omega Engineering, by attempting to map the Earth’s magnetic field in a low Earth orbit (LEO).

This goal presented a multifaceted problem, characterized by the design challenges associated with building a low-cost CubeSat that can collect and downlink data from all over the globe. A balance …

Proba-3: Esa’S Small Satellites Precise Formation Flying Mission To Study The Sun’S Inner Corona As Never Before, Luis F. Peñin, Yann Scoarnec, J. M. Fernández-Ibarz, Carolina Cazorla, José Ramón Villa, Ronald Kassel, Francisco Javier Benito, Dominique Baudoux, Luigi Strippoli, Damien Galano, Karim Mellab

Small Satellite Conference

This paper showcases ESA’s Proba-3 mission as a demonstration of how small satellites, in combination with formation flying technology, can achieve relevant scientific goals and perform scientific measurements not possible otherwise, all within a tight cost and programmatic context. The study of the Sun inner corona down to 1.1 solar radius can only be performed by creating in space artificial eclipses with a large distance between a Coronograph instrument and an occulting disk, much bigger than the size of any spacecraft that can fit within a launcher.

Proba-3 will achieve these enhanced scientific observations by controlling two small satellites (~1.5 …

Enabling Hybrid Architectures And Mesh Network Topologies To Support The Global Multi-Domain Community, Stanley O. Kennedy Jr., Alexander Dunn, Danielle Cleveland

Small Satellite Conference

The turn of the new decade also represents the dawn of a new shift in domain operations. Concepts such as “Space Dial Tone,” reliable global access to internet, on-demand Earth observation, and remote sensing, while still not fully realized, are no longer purely imaginative. These concepts are in high demand and are coupled with the goals of Global Multi-Domain Operations (MDO). Small satellites (smallsats) have emerged as functionally reliable platforms, driving the development of next-generation satellite constellations. To achieve the potential of tomorrow’s technology, these constellations must embrace space mission architectures based on interoperable, open-system constructs such as hybrid architectures …

Army Decade In Space, Matthew A. Anderson, Christopher M. Duron, Timothy A. Farmer, Matthew A. Hitt, Melanie G. Klinner, Gerald E. Lanz, John R. London Iii, Mark E. Ray, Molly E. Riebling, Sierra L. Smith, Davis J. Weeks, Ryan T. Wolff

Small Satellite Conference

In the twelve short years since the announcement of the SMDC-ONE satellite initiative by Lieutenant General Kevin Campbell, then Commanding General of U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command (SMDC), SMDC has put in place an active program of satellite technology development and a Low Earth Orbit Investment Strategy that holds great promise for providing low-cost, responsive data from space as the next major evolution in technology to enable Multi-Domain Operations for the Army of 2028 and beyond. The first fruits of that initiative were seen ten years ago with launch and successful mission of the first SMDC-ONE satellite. This …

The Lightsail 2 Controlled Solar Sailing Demonstration Mission, David A. Spencer, Justin R. Mansell, Bruce Betts, John M. Bellardo, Alex Diaz, Barbara Plante

Small Satellite Conference

The LightSail 2 mission is the culmination of a decade-long program sponsored by The Planetary Society to advance solar sailing technology. The objective of LightSail 2 is to demonstrate controlled solar sailing in Earth orbit using a CubeSat platform. The LightSail 2 attitude is controlled using a single-axis momentum wheel and magnetic torque rods. During solar sailing operations, two 90 degree slews are performed each orbit to harness momentum from solar photons. Flight data show that LightSail 2 is successfully controlling its orientation relative to the Sun, and the controlled thrust from solar radiation pressure is measurably reducing the rate …

Very Low Frequency Propagation Mapper (Vpm) Experience And Results From The Systems Engineering Cycle Of A Small Satellite, Travis Willett Gies, Tanya Rodriquez, Garrett Holt, Lee Jasper, Brandon Shirley, Collin Enger, Ryan Jaynes, Franklin Hinckley, Michael Lopez, Gordon Wilson, Stephen Tullino

Small Satellite Conference

The Very Low Frequency Propagation Mapper, an Air Force Research Laboratory 6U CubeSat, is currently in operations complementing the Demonstration and Science Experiments (DSX) satellite by taking coincident measurements with DSX of the inner magnetosphere. This presents an exciting way to have a low-cost platform enhance an existing mission’s data set with multiple spatial collection points. The Small Satellite Portfolio (SSP) had overall responsibility for the vehicle, ground system, and mission design; by enabling the team to make technical and programmatic decisions on their own, the team has been able to overcome many hurdles in short timeframes. Further, the team …