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Rebreathing Used For Cardiac Output Monitoring Does Not Increase Heart Rate, Lara M. Brewer, Kai Kuck, Joseph A. Orr

Utah Space Grant Consortium

The partial rebreathing method for cardiac output determination produces short periods of elevated arterial CO₂ content. Because previous work had shown that elevated etCO₂ levels increased cardiac output, mostly due to heart rate increases, a concern was raised that the rebreathing periods could be inducing an elevated heart rate. This could also raise the cardiac output (CO), since CO = (Heart Rate) X (Stroke Volume). We studied 93 patients in the OR and the ICU who had undergone a total of 5142 partial rebreathing measurements by the NICO₂ monitor (Novametrix Medical Systems) to determine whether the heart …

Insights, Spring, 2000, Utah State University

Discovery Magazine

Bi-annual alumni newsletter for the College of Science of Utah State University in Logan.

Sexual Dichromatism In Bohemian Waxwings, James Brian Burns

Biology

If a species of birds is monomorphic, how do individuals identify members of the opposite sex? Birds may use cues in the ultraviolet wavelengths (350-400 nm), which are invisible to humans. This thesis presents evidence of sexual dichromatism in Bohemian Waxwings (Bombycilla garrulus). The strongest differences occurred in the tail coverts, the yellow tail tips, and the red waxy tips of the secondaries. Like other birds, waxwings derive colors from diet-based pigments and from synthesized colors. Because these color types differ in origin, each could provide different visual information about a bird's condition. This led to the testing …

Effects Of Carbohydrate Foods On Foraging Decisions Of The Parasitoid Bathyplectes Curculionis (Thomson) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Helen Spafford Jacob

Biology

In a series of field and laboratory experiments, I explored the trade-off between self-maintenance and current reproduction for the parasitoid Bathyplectes curculionis (Thomson)(Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), an economically important natural enemy of the alfalfa weevil, the most significant pest in forage alfalfa. Floral nectars, pea aphid honeydew, and artificial foods such as sugar sprays are likely to assist B. curculionis in meeting its self-maintenance needs. Once these needs are met then B. curculionis females may be more likely to search for hosts to parasitize. However, these foods must not only be available, but accessible, of high quality, and detectable, to be of …

Utah State University Commencement, 2000 – Main Campus, Utah State University

Commencement Programs

107th Annual Commencement of Utah State University

Molecular And Morphological Identification Of An Endophytic Fusarium Isolated From Wheat And Characterization Of Its Laccases In Comparison To Affiliated Fusarium Isolates, Sun Il Kwon

Biology

A fungal isolate present as a seed endophyte caused disease in wheat and other cereals when grown under stressed conditions. The isolate was identified as a member of the Asian clade of the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex in the genus Fusarium, members of which are known as plant pathogens and producers of mycotoxins. The closest relative to the fungus was Fusarium proliferatum, although none of the previously described species was identical in all morphological and molecular phylogenetic characters. At least six laccase isozymes were detected in mycelial extracts or from extracellular culture filtrates of the Fusarium-wheat isolate. …

Functional Characterization Of The Nonstructural Protein 2 Of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 17, Gary Christopher Fillmore

Biology

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an arthropod-borne pathogen that causes bluetongue disease (BD) throughout the world, with economic losses primarily coming from infection of domestic livestock. Although BTV has been well studied at the molecular level since 1969, the mechanism of viral replication has not yet been fully determined. The virus is composed of seven structural and four nonstructural proteins, and the role of each protein has been investigated but has not been conclusively established within the viral life cycle. This study focused on the nonstructural protein NS2 in an attempt to examine its functions as part of the viral replication …

Use Of The Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Rating Scale With Preschool Children, Penny Ladee Phillips

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common disorder among children and is usually diagnosed during the school years, although symptoms must be present before age 7. As more children enter into preschool programs, there is great opportunity for early identification and treatment of behaviors related to ADHD. The earlier children with symptoms of ADHD are treated, the better their chances of having successful school experiences. Unfortunately, diagnosing ADHD during early childhood is difficult, in part because there is a lack of adequate assessment instruments designed for this age group. The instruments that are available generally do not focus specifically on …

Biography Of James Jarvis Chandler, Paul S. Davis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This thesis is a general biography of a Mormon pioneer who, although not among the most renowned church officials, played a pivotal role in building Zion as teacher, missionary, leader, politician, husband, and father. After his conversion as a boy in England to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, he and his family emigrated to America and settled in Willard, Utah. With a keen mind and a zeal for learning, Chandler pursued an education to prepare him for future employment as a school teacher. Although pupils throughout northern Utah and southern Idaho profited from his teaching proficiency and …

Equine Laminitis Reviewed, Jocelyn Nelson

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Laminitis, also known as founder, is one of the most devastating and crippling conditions affecting horses throughout the world today. Traditionally defined as the inflammation of the laminae within the hoof, laminitis actually presents itself as a complicated, multi-system disease, that, through a series of interrelated events, leads to a characteristic lameness. This lameness has serious economic and humane consequences because affected horses are often seen in pain, and frequently must be destroyed due to permanent damages within the hoof.

Children's Experience Of Parental Divorce Disclosure: A Look At Intrafamiliar Differences, Heather Westberg

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study explores one aspect of the divorce process, divorce disclosure, to learn more about adult children's perceptions of that experience. Research questions examined participants' perceptions of how they were informed of their parents' divorce, their reactions to the news, and also how they would have preferred to have been told. Within this framework, the study additionally looks at similarities and differences between the experiences of siblings. Twenty siblings from eight different families were interviewed.

The most significant findings were that divorce disclosure occurred most often with only one parent present with most participants being informed in a manner different …

Chapter 8: Tourism Wildlife And Parks, Lisa R. Romney

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Ecotourism has been widely promoted for its potential to sustainably finance both conservation and economic development (Boo 1990, Card and Vogelsong 1995). While definitions of ecotourism vary, proponents envision it as a form of tourism that: (1) caters to environmentally and culturally sensitive tourist; (2) avoids negative cultural and environmental impacts; (3) promotes the conservation of natural resources; (4) contributes to local economic development; (5) encourages local participation in the development of tourism-related industries; and (6) utilizes low technology and low energy infrastructure.

Cognition In Non-Demented Elderly With A Family History Of Alzheimer's Disease, Christopher John Weight

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Objective: To assess differences in cognition in a population of non-demented elderly individuals as a function of a family history of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: We screened 5092 elderly residents of Cache County, UT for dementia, using standard DSMIII-R dementia criteria, in a stepwise protocol involving a brief cognitive test, an informant telephone Dementia Questionnaire, and a clinical examination. The resultant non-demented study population (4505) consisted of all remaining self-responding individuals who agreed to apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping. Using multiple linear regression models, controlling for age, gender, education, health status on day of testing, past medical conditions, and …

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. And Rev. Billy Graham: The Nature Of Man, J. Travis Paasch

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

First, the Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. moralized individual Christian activism to create dogmatically ethical changes in American society. Second, the Rev. Billy Graham prescribed that the only hope for humanity was in a personal reliance upon the puissant power of Christ's expiative. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how these two individual's respective views concerning the nature of man do not allow them to have congruent ideas of social activism.

Is It Time For Cooperative Learning To Enter American Classrooms?, Donna Sewell

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Education's raison d'etre is to prepare students with the skills necessary for a productive and happy life within society. The fact that many educational institutions are experiencing a disconcerting number of students dropping out of school (and sometimes life itself) may be an indicator that this preparation is less than adequate in meeting their needs. In fact, the needs of a high school graduate today are so different and far-reaching than what they were 30-50 years ago, it will be easier to group them according to a change in economics, transformed demographics and changes in social situations and practices. Each …

The Relationship Of Human Psychological Characteristics With Athletic Performance, Grant P. Murray

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The purpose of this paper is to report the findings of a literature review summary on the topic of the relationship of human psychological characteristics with athletic performance. Two research questions guided its development: (1) Is there any evidence that there is a relationship between individual human psychological characteristics and athletic performance? (2) If there is any evidence that there is a relationship between individual human psychological characteristics and athletic performance, is there further evidence that those individual characteristics translate in some way into group dynamics or attributes that may similarly influence team performance?

Adolescent Suicide: A Review Of School-Based Suicide Prevention In Middle And High School Settings, Stephanie Anne Alberico

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Suicide has been named a leading cause of death for 15 to 24 year-olds and it is evident that this public health concern warrants specific attention. The purpose of this paper was to review school-based suicide prevention programs. Prior to this review, background information on suicide including prevalence rates and general information on suicide is presented. It has been determined that adolescent males are four times as likely than females to complete suicide while females are twice as likely to attempt suicide. The most common methods of adolescent suicide completion are firearms and explosives while the most common mean of …

"I Was Seeled To The Prophet In Nauvoo": Helen Mar Whitney And A Lifetime In "The Principle", Tamora M. Hoskisson

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

On a spring day in Nauvoo, Illinois, in 1843, fourteen year-old Helen Mar Kimball, married thirty-seven year-old Joseph Smith, prophet, president, and founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The couple did not publicize the event nor invite friends to attend. Secrecy shrouded the wedding. A public announcement would not have been prudent for the young Latter-day Saint (LDS or "Mormon") church, as Helen's new husband, Joseph Smith, was not only already married, but to dozens of other women.¹

School-Based Primary Prevention Of Internalizing Disorders, Carol M. Moore

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

This paper provides an overview of childhood internalizing disorders, including the symptomatology, prevalence rates, comorbidity of other psychopathologies, correlated factors, treatment, and prognosis. Previous research in the area of primary and secondary prevention of depression and anxiety is reviewed, and the need for school-based prevention programs discussed. Several curricular and comprehensive elementary-level programs that are currently available and supported by research are reviewed to highlight their efficacy, theoretical rationale, targeted risk factors, and implementation concerns. Conclusions and recommendations for implementation and future research are presented.

The Influence Of Parental Attributions And Parenting Behaviors On The Attributions Utilized By Children With And Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Brent R. Collett

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Research suggests that the causal attributions utilized by children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) differ from those of nonclinical children. Additionally, research indicates differences among the mothers of children with and without ADHD regarding parenting behaviors and attributions for child behavior. In this study, children's attributions, maternal attributions, and maternal discipline styles were examined in ADHD and non-ADHD populations. Participants included 26 children diagnosed with ADHD and their mothers as well as a nonclinical sample of 24 children who had never been diagnosed with ADHD and their mothers. The results support the hypotheses that child and maternal attributions would differ between …

Eating Disorder Risk Factors: A Prospective Analysis, Anne C. Dobmeyer

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The current study examined whether elevations on four variables (drive for thinness, depressed mood, maladaptive cognitions, and ineffectiveness) were related to increased risk of developing an eating disorder over a 4-year prospective interval. Subjects (N = 191) were female undergraduates who were assessed with the Anorexia-Bulimia Inventory (ABI), Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), and a structured clinical interview.

Results indicated that individuals with elevated scores on each of the four variables at the initial assessment did not show higher absolute eating disorder incidence rates over the 4-year interval. However, initial scores on the four variables together explained approximately 13% of both …

A Follow-Up Study Of A Primary Prevention Program Targeting Childhood Depression, Norman Chris Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Children have not historically been the subject of research focusing on internalizing disorders (i.e., childhood depression), even though childhood depression continues to be viewed as one of the most prevalent affective problem within this population. Over the past two decades, a small portion of that literature describes prevention efforts in public schools. There has been a growing body of literature centered on childhood depression. However, there are only three studies that report on longitudinal findings that have taken a primary prevention approach.

The present study was a follow-up investigation to delineate the effects of a school-based primary prevention program. The …

A Case Study Of The Undergraduate Biomedical Research Component Of A Federally Funded Minority Student Development Program, Nancy A. Drickey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Tremendous growth in the biomedical science workforce has increased the need for trained scientists. The current workforce is severely underrepresented by minority groups, particularly Native Americans. To address this issue, the federal government funded programs that encouraged Native American students to participate in undergraduate biomedical science courses and research. One such program, funded by the National Institutes of Health, is the Minority Student Development Program at Northern Arizona University. Little research has been done on educational programs for minority populations.

The purpose of this study was to identify and describe qualities and characteristics of the undergraduate research component of the …

The Effect Of Exopolysaccharide-Producing Cultures On The Moisture Retention And Functional Properties Of Low Fat Mozzarella Cheese, David B. Perry

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Low fat Mozzarella cheese was made using exopolysaccharide-producing starter cultures consisting of single strains of Streptococcus thermophilus MR-1C and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus MR-1R with or without the addition of mesophilic exopolysaccharide-producing adjunct mixed culture consisting of Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis and Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris. A control cheese was made using a non-exopolysaccharide-producing starter culture consisting of S. thermophilus TA061 and Lactobacillus helveticus LH100. Cheeses were analyzed for moisture, melt, fat, and protein. Cheeses made with the addition of the mesophilic exopolysaccharide-producing adjunct culture showed significant differences in moisture, but not in melting properties when compared to cheeses …

Affinity Purification Of Bovine Lactoferrin And Bovine Transferrin From Using Immobilized Gangliosides, Seung-Hee Nam

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Bovine lactoferrin (BLF) and bovine transferrin (BTF) are major-iron transport and regulation proteins found in bovine whey. BLF and BTF must interact with the eukaryotic cell surface to mediate their biological function of iron delivery and cellular functions of inflammatory and immunological modulation. As common components of the eukaryotic cell surface, gangliosides were used for affinity purification of BLF and BTF.

Bovine gangliosides were isolated from fresh buttermilk and covalently immobilized onto controlled-pore glass beads (66 μg/g beads). After the matrix was loaded with whey protein (WPI or WPC), lactoferrin was eluted with 1 M NaCl and identified by N-terminal …

Influence Of Limited Proteolysis, Heat Treatment, And Ph On The Whiteness Of Skim Milk, Xiaoshan Li

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Health consciousness drives people to drink skim milk. Yet, improving the blue-white appearance and watery texture of skim milk is necessary to make consumers happy with skim milk. In this study, the influence of limited proteolysis with soluble or immobilized proteases, heat treatment, and pH on the whiteness of skim milk were examined to meet this goal.

Limited proteolysis with milk-clotting enzymes increased the whiteness of skim milk. the proteases porcine pepsin and chymosin were immobilized onto nonporous ceramic, glass, and controlled pore glass (CPG) beads. The enzymes were coupled to beads either directly or via crosslinker proteins. Pepsin, immobilized …

Health And Lifestyle Among Ute Native American Elders, Laura L. Prestwich

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A basic health and lifestyle questionnaire was given to a convenience sample of 103 Ute elders, age 50 and older. Fifty-three percent reported being diagnosed with diabetes. The mean BMI (body mass index) was 33.31 (SD=8.72). For descriptive purposes, BMI was divided into three categories: less than 25, 25-29.99, 30 or above. Eleven percent were in the BMI category of less than 25. Thirty percent of Ute elders reported a BMI between 25-29.99. Fifty two percent had a BMI of 30 or above. Diabetes rates among this Ute elder sample were significantly lower with a lower income, lower education level, …

The Effect Of Buttermilk Fraction Concentrates On Growth And Iron Uptake And Transport By Caco-2 Cell Cultures, Yoo-Hyun Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

To examine the effect of buttermilk fractions on growth, iron transport, and uptake, Caco-2 cells (human colon adenocarcinoma) were grown in a bicameral chamber. The Caco-2 cell culture system is a useful model to study micronutrient utilization in the human enterocyte, because Caco-2 cells continuously differentiate and form a monolayer, which has high polarity, a well-developed brush border, and a tight junction.

Iron bioavailabilty in various milks is very different depending upon milk composition. The fat fraction especially is known to be associated with iron absorption, because the fat fraction has milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), which contains bioactive molecules …

Children's Awareness, Knowledge, And Understanding Of Aids In Bahrain, Anne Thomas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The incidence of acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is on the increase across the world. The purpose of this study was to explore young children's awareness, knowledge, and understanding of AIDS in Bahrain, in the Arabian Gulf region. This was done within the framework of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which spans development across time. Ninety-nine children aged 6 through 12 were administered a standardized interview to ascertain their knowledge about AIDS, its causes, outcomes, and prevention. The study explored whether knowledge about AIDS was related to age, gender, and parental education. It also examined the sources of children's …

Promoting Development Through Play: A Migrant Head Start Parent-Child Enrichment Program, Dana K. Mortensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was designed to assess the efficacy of an early intervention project focusing on early stimulating experiences through parent-child play interactions, and their impact on young migrant Latino children's mental, motor, social-emotional, and language development. An experimental group of 30 children from 26 families and a control group of 14 children from 14 families participated in this assessment. Dependent measures included the Bayley Scales of Infant Development and the Preschool Language Scale. Demographic data such as parent level of education, number of individuals living in the home, and family income were among the independent measures. Research hypotheses predicted the …