Digital Commons Network^™

Lunarwsn Node - A Wireless Sensor Network Node Designed For In-Situ Lunar Water Ice Detection, Fangzheng Liu, Ariel Ekblaw, Joseph Paradiso

Small Satellite Conference

In this paper, we present a fully functional cubic sensor node prototype designed to be ballistically deployed from a rover or lander to regions of interest that might be unsafe or impractical for rovers or landers to reach. Unlike helicopters or drones, this system can be deployed in airless environments. Crucially, the nodes are equipped with wireless ranging and wireless communications capabilities, such that each node can be localized by leveraging wireless ranging with triangulation, and a cluster of deployed nodes form an expandable WSN (Wireless Sensor Network), that we term LunarWSN. The hardware redundancy of the network can reduce …

Co-Operating Systems: A Technical Overview Of Multiple Onboard Operating Systems, Cameron Bonesteel, Evan Tichenor, Eric Miller, Andres Rodriguez

Small Satellite Conference

The Multiview Onboard Computational Imager (MOCI) built by the University of Georgia’s Small Satellite Research Lab (SSRL) will be one of the first small satellites to include a small form factor graphics processing unit (GPU), the NVIDIA TX2i, in its design and therefore includes three onboard computers that will need to coordinate and interchange data to successfully complete the mission. The Onboard Computer (OBC), standard for most satellite systems, will coordinate most system controls. The GPU serves as the onboard payload manager and bulk data processor and coordinates with the attitude determination and control system (ADCS) to collect all necessary …

Ut Prosat-1: A Repeatable Passive Deployer Mechanism For Testing Carbon Fiber Tape Spring Booms, Robert Engebretson, Minzhen Du, Deven Mhadgut, Tyler Rhodes, Anthony Spinetta, Sheyda Davaria, Derick Whited, Jonathan Black

Small Satellite Conference

This paper presents the design, production, and testing of a mechanism to passively deploy a bistable coiled tape spring in a controlled, reliable, and repeatable manner on a SmallSat. The design has the tape spring wrapped around a spool that can be connected and disconnected from a motor to allow passive deployment through its stored elastic energy along with motorized retraction. The design went through several iterations before a workable prototype made of 3D-printed ABS and resin was developed. The prototype utilized a threaded clutch mechanism to transfer rotational motion from a servo to linear motion that allows two gears …

Small Satellite Reliability Initiative (Ssri) Knowledge Base Tool: Use Case Review And Future Functionality And Content Direction, Robbie Robertson, Craig D. Burkhard, Bruce D. Yost, Catherine C. Venturini, Michael A. Johnson

Small Satellite Conference

The Small Satellite Reliability Initiative (SSRI) Knowledge Base is a comprehensive and searchable online tool that consolidates and organizes resources, best practices, and lessons learned from previous small satellite missions sponsored by NASA, other government agencies, and academia. This free, publicly available tool is available to the entire SmallSat Community.

The SSRI Knowledge Base provides vetted, high-quality sources of information on elements that are key to successful small satellite missions. These resources include SSRI working group generated documents and presentations in addition to existing guides, publications, standards, software tools, websites, and books. The Knowledge Base is fully searchable, offers downloadable …

Settler-On-Settler Violence: Ritual Protocols In Youtube Street Fight Videos - Paper 1, Kelly Menzel, Tyson Yunkaporta

Journal of Indigenous Research

This is part one of a series of two papers exploring a project that was conducted by two Australian Aboriginal researchers, one male and one female, and might be described as ‘reverse anthropology’, in the same way that people sometimes refer to positive discrimination as ‘reverse racism’. But we would just call it anthropology; a tidal river is still a river when it flows back the other way. The project could hardly be acknowledged as anthropology though, as it was based on Indigenous methods of inquiry that do not yet belong to a formal discipline. Initially the goal was to …

Flight Envelope Assessment Of Smallsat Aerocapture Trajectories At Venus And Mars, Jack A. Joshi, Rohan G. Deskmukh, Soumyo Dutta, Angela Bowes

Small Satellite Conference

Aerocapture is an increasingly studied orbit insertion concept for small satellite (SmallSat) missions beyond low Earth orbit (LEO). Compared to fully propulsive methods, aerocapture reduces the orbit-insertion propellant mass by approaching on a hyperbolic path and using the planetary atmosphere to reduce the vehicle’s velocity such that the final target orbit is achieved. This allows for an increase in payload mass delivered to orbit and a reduction in launch-to -orbit time. To analyze the feasibility at Venus and Mars, aerocapture flight envelope analysis is conducted by assessing the guidable trajectory space during atmospheric flight given entry conditions, vehicle properties, target …

Mo Services And Cfdp In Action On Ops-Sat, Dominik Marszk, David Evans, Tom Mladenov, Georges Labrèche, Vladimir Zelenevskiy, Vasundhara Shiradhonkar

Small Satellite Conference

OPS-SAT is a 3U CubeSat launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) on December 18, 2019. It is the first nanosatellite to be directly owned and operated by ESA. The spacecraft is a flying platform that is easily accessible to European industry, institutions, and individuals enabling rapid prototyping, testing, and validation of their software and firmware experiments in space at no cost and no bureaucracy. Conceived to break the “has not flown, will not fly” cycle, OPS-SAT has spearheaded many firsts in both space and ground segments. For instance, its uplink rate is four times higher than any ESA spacecraft; …

Machine Learning Image Processing Algorithms Onboard Ops-Sat, Shreeyam Kacker, Alex Meredith, Kerri Cahoy, Georges Labrèche

Small Satellite Conference

We discuss the deployment of image processing algorithms developed for BeaverCube-2, a project under development between the MIT Space Telecommunications, Astronomy, Radiation (STAR) Lab and the Northrop Grumman Corporation. The algorithms were uploaded to and executed on OPS-SAT, a 3U CubeSat owned and operated by ESA with a processing payload that allows rapid prototyping, testing, and validation of software and firmware experiments in space at no cost to the experimenter. Testing these algorithms onboard OPS-SAT significantly reduces risk for future on-orbit image processing missions such as BeaverCube-2. We focus on four image processing algorithms used for cloud detection: a luminosity-thresholding …

High-Fidelity Spacecraft Thermal Modeling: Synthesis Of Stk, Spenvis, Matlab, Simulink, And Thermal Desktop Using Model-Based Systems Engineering, Michael Halvorson, Jackson Cho, Sean Farkas, Landon Boyd, Nolan Cartier, Kasey Cole, Nicholas Deangelo, Tristian Edwards, Tanner Middleton, Cole Moquin, Ben May, William Kilpatrick, Matt Taylor, Henry Tsai, Colin Cameron, Nicholas Tsolas

Small Satellite Conference

Verification and Validation (V&V) by analysis for required spacecraft Heater Wattage (HW) and Radiator Area (RA) is a rigorous, iterative procedure highly dependent on spacecraft areas, surface absorptivity, surface emissivity, orbital position, orbital attitude, and operational heat generation. The Alabama Burst Energetics eXplorer (ABEX) mission adopts a Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) approach to analysis wherein model strengths and weaknesses are considered synergistically and integrated using SysML parametric and structural diagrams to create a System of Models (SoM). In this work, a procedure for comprehensive spacecraft thermal modeling is detailed using MBSE-centric Modeling and Simulation (M&S) practices. The SysML model is …

Small Satellite-Sized Hypersonic Inflatable Aerodynamic Decelerators For Interplanetary Science Missions, Shelly C. Mann, Angela Bowes, Rohan G. Deshmukh, Soumyo Dutta

Small Satellite Conference

To make the most of ridesharing opportunities, small satellite (SmallSat) mission designers endeavor to pack as much payload into a SmallSat-class form factor as possible. The mass and volume constraints of this smaller vehicle class present a challenge for interplanetary mission sets that require a means of achieving orbit insertion at their destination of interest. For a fully propulsive orbit insertion design, this may translate to the propellant mass being a significant fraction of the overall vehicle mass and prolonged insertion time. Aerocapture is a single quick maneuver that can significantly reduce the required propellant mass for orbit insertion. Because …

The Nasa Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System Smallsat Constellation, Christopher Ruf, Hugo Carreno Luengo, Clara Chew, Mahta Moghaddam, Derek Posselt, Juan Crespo, Zhaoxia Pu, April Warnock

Small Satellite Conference

The NASA Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) mission consists of a constellation of eight microsatellites launched on 15 December 2016 into a common circular orbit at ~525 km altitude and 35 deg inclination. Each observatory carries a four channel bistatic radar receiver to measure GPS signals scattered by the Earth surface. Over ocean, near-surface wind speed, air-sea latent and sensible heat flux, and ocean microplastic concentration are derived from the measurements. Over land, near-surface soil moisture and inland water bodies extent are derived. The measurements penetrate through all levels of precipitation and most vegetation due to the 19 cm …

Design And Performance Of The Aero-Vista Magnetometer, Nicholas Belsten, Candence Payne, Rebecca Masterson, Kerri Cahoy, Mary Knapp, Tobias D. Gedenk, Frank D. Lind, Philip J. Erickson

Small Satellite Conference

We describe the design and performance of the magnetometer instrument for the CubeSat mission AERO-VISTA. AERO-VISTA requires in-situ vector magnetic measurements with magnetic precision and repeatability better than 100 nT at a minimum rate of 10 Hz. Our magnetometer system uses the three-axis Honeywell HMC1053 anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR) sensor. As built, our instrument exhibits intrinsic magnetic noise better than 10 nTrms from 0.1 to 10 Hz, though self-interference effects degrade performance to about 50 nT to 200 nT uncertainty. The analog and mixed signal portion of each magnetometer occupies about 8 square centimeters of circuit board space and draws about …

Binar Space Program: Binar-1 Results And Lessons Learned, Fergus Downey, Stuart Buchan, Benjamin Hartig, Daniel Busan, Jacob Cook, Robert Howie, Phil Bland, Jonathan Paxman

Small Satellite Conference

The Binar Space Program is a recently formed space research and education group part of the Space Science and Technology Center at Curtin University in Western Australia. Recently launching the first CubeSat from the state, Binar-1, the team is making steps towards creating a sustainable mission schedule for research and education. The Binar-1 mission primary objective was to demonstrate the custom designed systems made by PhD students and engineers at the university. The main technology being demonstrated was the integrated Binar CubeSat Core, which compacted the Electrical Power System, Attitude Determination and Control System, and flight computer system into 0.25U. …

Tartan Artibeus: A Batteryless, Computational Satellite Research Platform, Brad Denby, Emily Ruppel, Vaibhav Singh, Shize Che, Chad Taylor, Fayyaz Zaidi, Swarun Kumar, Zac Manchester, Brandon Lucia

Small Satellite Conference

TTartan Artibeus (TA1) is the first batteryless, computational pocketqube satellite; its open-source hardware and software launched into low-Earth orbit (LEO) in January 2022. TA1 is a 1p (125 cm³) pocketqube built around the Tartan Artibeus Bus (TAB), which connects independently-designed modules into a batteryless, computational satellite. In TA1, TAB incorporates an electrical power supply (EPS) module that harvests solar energy into a supercapacitor, a fault-tolerant command and data handling (C&DH) module, a radio-communication module, and a configurable computational payload module.

The open-source hardware [17] and software [18] of TA1 supports independently designed modules oblivious to the batteryless nature …

Spectral Ocean Color (Spoc): Lessons Learned From The University Of Georgia Small Satellite Research Laboratory's First Satellite, Sydney Whilden, Deepak Mishra, David L. Cotten, Nicholas Neel

Small Satellite Conference

In October 2020, the University of Georgia Small Satellite Research Laboratory launched its first CubeSat, a 3U Earth-observation mission designed to collect multispectral data from Georgia’s coastal environments for UGA’s Center for Geospatial Research to make recommendations on environmental conservation, care, and use. SPOC successfully detumbled, but after approximately a month in orbit, a coronal mass ejection (we speculate) caused us to lose contact. Despite our disappointment at the loss of SPOC, we are leveraging the lessons learned for our upcoming missions. These lessons can be categorized in four principal areas: software (flight and payload), mission operations, testing, and educational …

The Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment: The First Dedicated Ultraviolet Exoplanet Mission, Arika Egan, Kevin France, Nicholas Nell, Nicholas Decicco, Ambily Suresh, Rick Kohnert, Brian T. Fleming, Stefan Ulrich

Small Satellite Conference

The past few years of space mission development have seen an increase in the use of small satellites as platforms for dedicated astrophysical research; they offer unique capabilities for time-domain science and complementary advantages over large shared resource facilities like the Hubble Space Telescope, including: (1) low cost and relatively quick development timelines; (2) observing strategies dedicated to niche but important science questions; and (3) ample opportunity for students and early career scientists and engineers to be involved on the front lines of space mission development. The Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment (CUTE) is a NASA-supported 6U CubeSat assembled …

Data Validation Of The Nasa Time-Resolved Observations Of Precipitation Structure And Storm Intensity With A Constellation Of Smallsats (Tropics) Pathfinder Microwave Radiometer, Amelia Gagnon, Samantha Hasler, Juliana Chew, William Blackwell, Vince Leslie, Kerri Cahoy

Small Satellite Conference

Launched in June 2021, the TROPICS Pathfinder CubeSat has a microwave radiometer payload sensitive to the frequencies for observing precipitation, humidity, temperature, and cloud ice. The observed brightness temperatures must be compared to a data set of ‘known’ quality to validate the measured data across all channels of the microwave radiometer. This research explores validating TROPICS Pathfinder data against reanalysis data to determine the quality of the provisional TROPICS Pathfinder data product, with an eye for the future of comparing against other microwave radiometer measurements. Validation involves comparing Pathfinder data to ERA5 reanalysis data by using the Community Radiative Transfer …

Development Of A Prelude Satellite Equipped With Electric Field And Plasma Measurement Sensors Based On Statistical Evaluation Of Seismic Precursors Using Artificial Vlf Radio Waves Obtained From In-Orbit Observations, Tomoyuki Iida, Masahiko Yamazaki, Masashi Kamogawa

Small Satellite Conference

In this paper, we focus on the artificial VLF radio wave and show the result of the evaluation of the signal intensity decrease by the effect of ionospheric fluctuation, which is regarded as a sign phenomenon of earthquake occurrence. This paper also describes the mission design of Prelude (Precursor electric field observation CubeSat demonstrator) which is aiming at elucidation of the precursory mechanism of earthquake, and the development situation of hybrid sensor (electric field and plasma measurement) which is a mission instrument.

We focused on the artificial VLF wave, in which the electromagnetic wave itself does not affect the ionosphere, …

Development Of A Simulation Framework For Cubesat Performance Modeling, Mark A. Kurtz, Andrew S. Keys, Kirk W. Johnson

Small Satellite Conference

Space systems are notoriously difficult to develop due to the nature of the environment in which they must operate. Designers have only a limited window to ensure systems will function as intended, placing a high importance on testing. This paper discussed the ongoing development of a simulation framework to support Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testing of CubeSat subsystem hardware. This work is being conducted at the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) in support of the institution’s CubeSat program. The simulation framework is organized into the classic spacecraft subsystems. Each of these subsystems will support a software model and interfaces for the …

Simulation Of Single Gimbal Control Moment Gyroscopes (Sgcmg) Cluster For Microsatellite Maritime Surveillance Mission, Ki Hwan Keum, Regina Lee

Small Satellite Conference

The potential for agile missions for small satellites exists through development of single gimbal control moment gyroscopes (SGCMG). An SGCMG cluster comes with additional complexity and volume requirements, but efforts in their development have reduced their overall size while providing higher torque over similarly sized reaction wheels. In this paper, we present a feasibility study of a small satellite using a small volume pyramid SGCMG cluster for coastline monitoring through Simulink. Two realistic torque profiles for sweeping capture of complex coastlines within one minute were generated using STK, requiring maximum torques of 0.190 and 0.218 Nm and rapid slew rate. …

The Sum Of The Parts: Lessons Learnt From Designing And Building A 3.7 Metre S/X-Band Antenna, Kerry Clapham, Robin Mcneill, Chris Hann

Small Satellite Conference

A redundant 2.2m Cossor weather radar was made available to us. After some initial experimentation tracking NOAA weather satellites, we challenged ourselves to convert it into a reliable high performance S/X-Band Station suitable for supporting LEO missions. A new reflector, horn feed, RF chain, motors and gearing were specified, designed and installed during the upgrade. Modern control software was written to command the new antenna.

We found that designing and assembling such a system is educational at a both a systems and component level. In particular, at X-Band we found there is little margin for errors where many small details, …

Comparison Of The Low-Cost Sun Sensors Of The Source And Eive Cubesats, Nils Pentke, Joelle Schaefer, Timon Karl-Heinz Schwarz, Markus T. Koller, Steffen Gaisser, Sabine Klinkner

Small Satellite Conference

Sun sensors are commonly used attitude determination equipment which measure a spacecraft’s attitude relative to the sun. Multiple types of low-cost sun sensors were developed for the SOURCE and EIVE CubeSats. The SOURCE sun sensors consist of single photodiodes which are placed in a one-sensor-per-face as well as a pyramid arrangement. EIVE employs digital vector sun sensors based on quad-pin photodiodes. The SOURCE sun sensors in the one-sensor-per-face arrangement archive an accuracy of <10° while the pyramid arrangement accomplishes an accuracy of <7.5° without and <5° with calibration. EIVE’s vector sun sensors offer an raw accuracy of 3°±5°. Multiple calibration approaches are presented with the best results leading to an accuracy of 0.7±3°. A direct comparison between the SOURCE and EIVE sensor types and configurations can be drawn since the same test bench was used to measure all sensors. The objective of this paper is to present and compare the different sun sensor concepts and their results.

Methods For Data-Centric Small Satellite Anomaly Detection And Fault Prediction, Joseph Melville, Joel B. Harley, Michael Lopez, Michael Crabtree, Seth Lacy

Small Satellite Conference

Autonomy can increase reaction speed, flexibility, and accuracy of satellite operations, especially in uncertain environments caused by delayed communication and/or adversarial conditions. An increased focus on small satellites makes the development of satellite autonomy even more salient, given fewer operators per satellite.

Anomaly detection automates satellite health monitoring, ensuring it functions as designed. This is typically achieved using various forms of recurrent neural networks (RNN). While many of these model-based works show promise, a majority use simulated data or assume lossless communication. In contrast, raw satellite telemetry often has dropped packets, sampling frequency mismatches, noise from electrical systems and radiation, …

Fatigue Life Predictions Of Additively Manufactured Components For Satelite Structures, Daniel G. Miller, Ryan A. Kemnitz, Ramana V. Grandhi, Luke C. Sheridan

Small Satellite Conference

The fatigue life properties of Additive Manufactured (AM) components are limited due to the defects naturally generated from the AM Process. For limited design life problems the finite fatigue life El-Haddad model linked defect size, applied stress, and design life. This paper developed a method to predict the smallest defect of interest for a given load case and the lowest failure generating stress for a given defect size. Experimental testing validated the method steps. The model was adjusted to demonstrate the space utility based on a 12U CubeSat chassis. Applying the design life and expected load, the finite fatigue life …

Autonomous System-Level Fault Diagnosis In Satellites Using Housekeeping Telemetry, Evana Gizzi, Hayley Owens, Nicholas Pellegrino, Christopher Trombley, James Marshall, Jivko Sinapov

Small Satellite Conference

To continue the growing success of scientific discovery through deep space exploration, missions need to be able to be able to travel further and operate more efficiently than ever before. To ensure resilience in this capability, on-board autonomous fault mitigation methods must be developed and matured. To this end, we present a system for cross-subsystem fault diagnosis of satellites using spacecraft telemetry. Our system leverages a combination of Kalman Filters, Autoencoders, and Causality algorithms. We test our system for accuracy against three data sets of varying complexity levels, along with baseline testing. Additionally, we perform an ablation study to evaluate …

Training The Next Generation Of Practitioners In Early Intervention And Telepractice: Three University Models, K. Todd Houston, Lauri Nelson, Kristina Blaiser

Journal of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to shape the provision of family-centered early intervention services for children who are Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing and their families. In programs, schools, and centers, direct in-person contact with families have been significantly curtailed as a means to limit the exposure to and spead of the virus. Emergency remote learning has lead to an increase in telepractice, also referred to as teleintervention, as the designated model of service provision. Most early interventionists, speech-language pathologists, and teachers of the Deaf were not sufficiently trained to suddenly implement emergency remote teaching or telepractice services, but service providers had no …

Working With Families Of Young Children Who Are Deaf Or Hard Of Hearing Through Tele-Intervention, Amanda M. Rudge Phd, Betsy Moog Brooks Edd, Arlene Stredler-Brown Phd

Journal of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention

Tele-intervention services have been utilized for many years to serve families of young children, in addition to or in lieu of traditional in-person intervention services. Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic cultivated urgent dependence on access to effective services via a distance connection. As such, the need for information, guidance, and resources related to tele-intervention as a primary service model has increased. This article serves as the introduction to a monographic series aiming to describe practices, circumstances, and perceptions surrounding tele-intervention services for families of children aged birth to five who are deaf or hard of hearing. Topics include: (a) a brief …

The Journal Of Early Hearing Detection And Intervention: Volume 7 Issue 2, Pages 1-73

Journal of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention

No abstract provided.

Collective And Creative Learning To Enhance Interlibrary Loan, Lars Leon, Carol A. Kochan

Library Faculty & Staff Publications

The resource sharing community has a proud history of sharing knowledge through conferences, workshops, and online resources in support of training and development. People have enjoyed these opportunities and received various levels of benefit depending on access and whether instruction aligns with the methods they learn best. However, it is clear there aren't enough collective actions to meet the needs. We hosted a series of focus groups on training and development to find out from participants what has worked for them, what is still needed, how they learn best, and the types of training and information that will help them …

The Benefits Of Growth-Promoting Implants For Beef Cattle, Caleb C. Reichhardt, Reganne K. Briggs, Laura Motsinger, Kara Thornton-Kurth, Matthew D. Garcia

All Current Publications

Growth-promoting implants have been used in the cattle industry for decades. Their benefits allow cattle producers to become more sustainable by decreasing the amount of resources used. Resources such as water and land are decreased when using growth-promoting implants in beef cattle.