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An Analysis Of Microstructural Factors Which Influence The Use Of Muscle As A Food, R. G. Cassens, C. E. Carpenter, T. J. Eddinger

Food Structure

Study of structure of muscle provides information on the location and arrangement of various components and the changes which may be inflicted upon them. The structura l features of muscle have been descr ibed in detail down to the molecular level, but rega rding its use as a food, special interest centers on the connective tissue component and on myofibri llar proteins . Muscle comprises about 1/3 of the live weight of the a ni mal and is not static , but rather is subject to major changes in properties associated with growth, repair and se nescence. It is apparent …

The Role Of Gap Filaments In Muscle And In Meat, R. H. Locker

Food Structure

The neglected "gap filaments" are now beginning to receive close attention in several centers, in terms of organisation, composition and function. The author's model for their connections gave them a role as cores to A-filaments. This review attempts to weigh the implications of such a role, and relevant evidence, old and new. New ideas arising largely from PAGE*and immunochemkal studies on candidate proteins, and from the developing concept of the cytoskeleton, are considered.

The author's theory of meat tenderness, based on G-filaments, has been tested by PAGE studies on changes in the large structural proteins (particularly titin and nebulin) during …

Artefacts In Conventional Scanning Electron Microscopy Of Some Milk Products, Miloslav Kalab

Food Structure

Artefacts develop due to changes in the microstructure of the sample under study because of inappropriate preparatory steps and/or due to distortion of the images of properly prepared samples during operation of the microscope. Of a wide variety of possible artefacts. only those occurring mast frequently have been selected and ilustrated with micrographs. In milk powders, the most common artefacts are the recrystallization of lactose in a humid atmosphere, "1 ine" and "dark-area" charging artefacts, and electron beam damage. In moist milk products, artefacts may arise at any preparatory step, such as sampling, fixation, dehydration and critical-point drying or freezing …

Morphological Development In Sorghum Grain, C. W. Glennie, N.V.D. W. Liedenberg, H. J. Van Tonder

Food Structure

Immature sorghum grain was harvested at various stages of maturity and its development followed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy . This was done to study the developmental morphology of the sorghum grain. The period immediately following fertilization is a time of rapid development in the sorghum caryopsis. The endosperm expands crush i ng the nucellus and in the nonbirdres i stant sorghums the inner integument is also crushed during this expansion. The cells of the ovary wal 1 expand and elongate to form the peri carp . By the soft dough stage the endosperm has gained most of its …

Food Microstructure

Food Structure

No abstract provided.

Electron Beam Deflection Without Off-Axis Aberrations, H. C. Pfeiffer, M. A. Sturans

Scanning Electron Microscopy

A novel focusing/deflection system for high accuracy, high throughput E-beam lithography, denoted as Variable Axis Immersion Lens (VAIL), has been successfully demonstrated. The main attributes of this system include: l) Perpendicular landing at all points of a deflection field > (10 x 10 mm), 2) Elimination of transverse chromatic aberration, 3) High resolution ( < 0.2μm edge slope) over the entire deflection field, 4) Elimination of eddy current effects in the target area, and 5) Total magnetic shielding of the target from external fields.

Soft-Op User Manual For Microcomputer Aided Process Control Of The Oxidation Ditch Facility, Drew D. Mcintyre

Reports

This manual is intended to be used in conjunction with the program SOFT-OP. SOFT-OP was developed at the Division of Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah. Funding for the program development was supplied by Tremonton City Corporation, Tremonton, Utah. Foreword: SOFT-OP has been developed for use by operators of oxidation ditch wastewater treatment plants (extended aeration activated sludge). The program serves as a useful took in daily plant operation by assisting the operator in various tasks related to process control. These tasks are grouped within the following three classifications: 1. Implementation of control parameters 2. Analysis of process characteristics …

Ab Initio Comparison Of H Bonds And Li Bonds. Complexes Of Lif, Licl, Hf, And Hcl With Nh3, Z. Latajka, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Ab initio calculations are carried out on the complexes H₃N–LiF, H₃N–LiCl and their analogs H₃N–HF and H₃N–HCl as well as the isolated subunits. Double‐zeta basis sets, augmented by two sets of polarization functions, are used in conjunction with second‐order Moller–Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) for evaluation of electron correlation effects. The Li bonds are found to be substantially stronger than their H‐bonding counterparts, due in large measure to the greater dipole moments of the LiX subunits. Correlation has a large effect on the geometry and energetics of …

Effects Of Basis Set And Electron Correlation On The Calculated Properties Of The Ammonia Dimer, Z. Latajka, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Ab initio calculations are carried out for (NH₃)₂ with a 6‐31G∗∗(1p,2d) basis set containing diffuse polarization functions. Electron correlation is included via second‐order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (MP2). At the SCF level, the equilibrium R(NN) distance is 3.54 Å and the interaction energy is −2.35 kcal/mol. Inclusion of correlation enhances the attraction substantially, increasing the energy to −4.05 kcal/mol and reducing the intermolecular separation by 0.20 Å. Comparison with previous results at the SCF level demonstrates a variety of errors including exaggerated dipole moments, underestimation of polarization …

Studies Of Dispersion Energy In Hydrogen‐Bonded Systems. H2o–Hoh, H2o–Hf, H3n–Hf, Hf–Hf, M. M. Szczesniak, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Dispersion energy is calculated in the systems H₂O–HOH, H₂O–HF, H₃N–HF, and HF–HF as a function of the intermolecular separation using a variety of methods. M≂ller–Plesset perturbation theory to second and third orders is applied in conjunction with polarized basis sets of 6‐311G∗∗ type and with an extended basis set including a second set of polarization functions (DZ+2P). These results are compared to a multipole expansion of the dispersion energy, based on the Unsöld approximation, carried out to the inverse tenth power of the intermolecular distance. Pairwise evaluation is also carried out using both atom–atom …

Ab Initio Study Of Fh–Ph3 And Clh–Ph3 Including The Effects Of Electron Correlation, Z. Latajka, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Ab initio calculations are carried out for FH–PH₃ and ClH–PH₃ using a basis set including two sets of polarization functions. Electron correlation is incorporated via Møller–Plesset perturbation theory to second and (in part) to third orders. The basis set is tested and found to produce satisfactory treatments of subsystem properties including geometries and dipole moments as well as the proton affinity and inversion barrier of PH₃. Electron correlation is observed to markedly enhance the interaction between PH₃ and the hydrogen halides. Its contribution to the complexation energy is 30% …

Theoretical Study Of H2o–Hf And H2o–Hcl: Comparison With Experiment, M. M. Szczesniak, Steve Scheiner, Y. Bouteiller

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The H bonds in H₂O–HF and H₂O–HCl are studied and compared using ab initio molecular orbital methods and the results compared to experimental data. Basis sets used are: (i) triple valence 6‐311G∗∗ and (ii) double ζ with two sets of polarization functions. Electron correlation, included via second‐ and third‐order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory, is found to have profound effects on both systems, particularly H₂O–HCl. Both H bonds are strengthened substantially with a concomitant reduction in length. H‐bond energies and geometries calculated at correlated levels are in excellent accord with …

Proton Transfers Between First‐ And Second‐Row Atoms: (H2ohsh2)+ And (H3nhsh2)+, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Ab initio molecular orbital methods are used to study the transfer of the central proton along the hydrogen bonds in (H₂OHSH₂)⁺ and (H₃NHSH₂)⁺. Proton transfer potentials are generated using the 4‐31G∗ basis set at the Hartree–Fock level for various values for the hydrogen bond length R(XS). Full geometry optimizations are carried out at each stage of proton transfer. The barrier to proton transfer increases as the hydrogen bond is lengthened. For a given bond length, the highest barriers are observed for transfer from …

General Catalog 1984-1986, Utah State University

University Catalogs

General Catalog of 1984-1986

Contains course descriptions, University college calendar, and college administration.

The Effects Of Climatic Factors And Still Design On Solar Earth‑Water Distillation For Saturated Sand, Timothy M. Skergan, Richard C. Peralta

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Solar Earth‑Water Distillation For Wet Sand, Richard C. Peralta, Timothy M. Skergan, David B. Marx

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

Solar earth-water distillation is a means of extracting moisture from an earth medium. Three designs of the hot-box type of solar earth-water still were tested using wet or saturated sand. The designs included: low height with reflective interior siding, tall height with reflective siding and tall height with absorptive siding. The daily volume of distillate from different designs was compared. A twenty-centimeter-tall still with reflective siding produced significantly greater yields than one twice as tall. No significant difference in the yield between tall stills with light-absorptive versus light reflective interior siding was found. A regression equation was developed to predict …

Time‑Varient Water Needs Of The Boeuf‑Tensas Basin, Paul W. Dutram, Richard C. Peralta, Paul J. Killian

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Utah Statesman, December 5, 1983, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

The Utah Statesman, December 2, 1983, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

A Microsystem Sediment-Water Simulation Study For The Proposed Jordanelle Reservoir, Heber City, Utah, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation

Water

The technique of microsystem sediment-water simulation was used to predict water quality data for the proposed Jordanelle Reservoir, Heber City, Utah. Simulation microsystems were prepared for four sites located in the north arm of the reservoir basin including two sites located in an abandoned acid mine tailings pond. Data obtained from the tailings pond microsystems indicated that low pH water and high trace metal concentrations will exist in the north arm of the reservoir. These data suggested that some kind of membrane or compacted earth lining will be necessary to seal and contain the mine spoilage. Other sites in the …

Utah Science Vol. 44 No. 4, Winter 1983

Utah Science

91 TURKEY NUTRITION – The DNA Breakdown J.O. Anderson Feed quality and genetics are crucial considerations for poultry producers. The protein component of the diet has special significance. Even so, different strains of birds may vary in how they use identical diets.

94 THE BUILDING OF TURKEYS R.E. Warnick They may not look it, but turkeys are relatively frail birds. Researchers at Snow Field Station are therefore trying to help producers water effectively t their nutritional, housing, and general environmental needs.

98 IRON CHLOROSIS – THE Role for Iron in Chlorophyll Formation G.W. Miller and J.C. Pushnik Where and how …

The Utah Statesman, November 30, 1983, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

The Utah Statesman, November 28, 1983, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

The Utah Statesman, November 11, 1983, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

The Utah Statesman, October 26, 1983, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

The Utah Statesman, October 12, 1983, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

The Utah Statesman, October 10, 1983, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

Identifying Environmental Features For Land Management Decisions, Annual Report, United States, National Aeronautics And Space Administration

Land Use

This annual report outlines the major accomplishments of the Center for Remote Sensing and Cartography (CRSC) since the annual report was submitted in October 1982, with reference to the semiannual report of March 1983. The past year has been characterized by important progress in the research of digital processing techniques, completion of projects involving integrated remote sensing and environmental analysis, and interesting developments for new and continuing projects. Our computing strength is stronger than ever; we continue to rely primarily on the University of Utah Research Institute's Prime computer and NASA's Earth Resources Laboratory Applications Software (ELAS). We continue to …

Minimizing Black Bear Problems At New York State Public Campgrounds, John O'Pezio, Stephen H. Clarke, Gary B. Will

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The black bear's omnivorous foraging behavior has been both beneficial and detrimental to its coexistence with modern humans. The ability to feed on a variety of animal and vegetable matter, alive or dead, has been advantageous to the black bear's survival as its range has diminished. Although black bears have an innate aversion to people, many have learned to tolerate humans to acquire easily obtainable high energy concentrated artificial foods. Human carelessness in the storage and disposal of foods within or near bear habit at has resulted in conflicts between campers and wild bears. Forest Preserve public campgrounds create a …

Influence Of Deer Damage On Farmers' Perceptions Of Deer Population Trends: Important Implications For Managers, Daniel J. Decker, George F. Mattfeld, Tommy L. Brown

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Farmers' attitudes toward deer, their perceptions of deer depredations and their preferences for future deer population levels have been extensively studied in New York (Brown and Decker 1979; Brown et al. 1977a,1977b, 1978a,1978b, 1979,1980; Decker and Brown 1982; Decker et al. 1981a, 1981b). These studies have contributed to deer-population-management decisions that give consideration to farming interests. Nevertheless, farmers cannot be expected to support deer management efforts on their behalf if they do not understand the population changes such management is designed to achieve. Consequently, wildlife managers need to know whether or not the effects of such efforts are recognized. A …