Digital Commons Network^™

Studies On Viruses In Water, Rex S. Spendlove, Bill B. Barnett, Dennis B. George, Dennis J. Adams, Stanley F. Hayes, Ronald B. Dean, David Ridinger, Darwin L. Sorensen

Reports

A new procedure for the detection of viral antigens in fecal material was developed. The test is performed by first diluting a fecal sample with phosphate buffered saline to give a liquid consistency. The pH is then adjusted to 8.5-9.0 and the solids are allowed to settle for five minutes. Supernatant fluid from above the fecal sediment is placed on the upper surface of a well of an inverted Immulon microtiter plate and incubated for one hour at 37 degrees C to allow virus to adsorb to the plastic. The Immulon plate is then washed three times with a Tween …

Historical And Projected Municipal And Industrial Water Usage In Utah 1960-2020, Roger D. Hansen, Herbert H. Fullterton, A. Bruce Bishop, Trevor C. Hughes, Ronald Christensen, Davis S. Bowles, Kyle Matteson, Hershel G. Hester Iii, Ronald Mead, Randy Simmons

Reports

This publication reports the results of a municipal and industrial water use inventory. Data reported covers the period 1960 through 1976. Time series information is aggregated from municipal and industrial system level to country and state totals. Total municipal and industrial withdrawals are divided between surface and groundwater sources. Yearly per capital withdrawal rates are estimated for 50 Utah municipalities and for each of Utah’s 29 counties. Per capita withdrawal rates range from a high of over 400 gallons per capita per day (gcd) in the communities of Delta, Fillmore, Hyrum, Logan, and Morgan to a low of 100 gcd …

Evaluation Of In-Line Direct Filtration For Virus Removal, Behjat Sadat Malek, Dennis B. George, Daniel S. Filip, Bill B. Barnett

Reports

The purposes of this study were to evaluate virus removal in treatment of water supplies by an in-line direct filtration pilot plant system and to suggest a system design to enhance virus removal. Isotherm and jar tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of pH, sodium ion concentration, and coagulants (alum and cationic polyelectrolytes Cat-Floc T, Nalco 8102, and 8103) on the bacteriophage MS2 contained in water. Isotherm studies were also conducted to assess the kinetic adsorption of MS2 to sand, anthracite, and garnet. Rapid sand, dual-media, and multi-media filters were tested in continuous in-line direct filtration operations. Approximately 95 …

Pre-Impoundment Water Quality Study For The Dolores Project, Larry Baker, V. Dean Adams, Leslie G. Terry, Jerald S. Fifield, Darwin L. Sorensen

Reports

No abstract provided.

Pre-Impoundment Water Quality Study For The Mancos Project, Larry Baker, V. Dean Adams, Leslie G. Terry, Jerald S. Fifield, Darwin L. Sorensen

Reports

Introduction: The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation is currently in the process of evaluating a number of water development projects in Southwest Colorado. As a part of the planning process the Bureau has conducted a water quality investigation, in cooperation with the UWRL, of the stream segments that will be affected by each project. The data collected in this study were used to evaluate the water quality of each stream segment with respect to various beneficial uses of water (agriculture, raw municipal water supply, protection of the aquatic biota) and will provide a baseline by which to assess the impact of …

Pre-Impoundment Water Quality Study For The Dominguez Project, Larry Baker, V. Dean Adams, Leslie G. Terry, Jerald S. Fifield, Darwin L. Sorensen

Reports

Introduction: The U.S. Bureas of Reclamation is currently in the process of evaluating a number of water development projects in Southwest Colorado. As a part of the planning process the Bureasu has conducted a water qualtiy investigation, in cooperations with the UWRL, of the stream segments that will be affected by each project. The data collected in this study were used to evaluate the water quality of each stream segment with respect to various beneficial uses of water (agriculture, raw municipal water supply, protection of the aquatic biota) and will provide a baseline by which to assess the impact of …

Pre-Impoundment Water Quality Study For The Mc Elmo Project, Larry Baker, V. Dean Adams, Leslie G. Terry, Jerald S. Fifield, Darwin L. Sorensen

Reports

Introduction: The U.S. Bureas of Reclamation is currently in the process of evaluating a number of water development projects in Southwest Colorado. As a part of the planning process the Bureasu has conducted a water qualtiy investigation, in cooperations with the UWRL, of the stream segments that will be affected by each project. The data collected in this study were used to evaluate the water quality of each stream segment with respect to various beneficial uses of water (agriculture, raw municipal water supply, protection of the aquatic biota) and will provide a baseline by which to assess the impact of …

Pre-Impoundment Water Quality Study For The San Miguel Project, Larry Baker, V. Dean Adams, Leslie G. Terry, Jerald S. Fifield, Darwin L. Sorensen

Reports

Introduction: Scope of Study: The United State Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) is currently evaluating plans to construct a multipurpose reservoir on the San Miguel River 32 kilometers (20 miles) below Telluride, Colorado. As part of the environmental assessment for this project, the Utah Water Research Laboratory (UWRL) was contracted to conduct an intensive water quality study on the San Miguel River and its tributaries in the vicinity of the project area. In this study water samples were collected during the period from May, 1977, to August, 1978, on a monthly basis from three sites on the San Miguel River and …

Pre-Impoundment Water Quality Study For The West Divide Project, Larry Baker, V. Dean Adams, Leslie G. Terry, Jerald S. Fifield, Darwin L. Sorensen

Reports

Introduction: The U.S. Bureas of Reclamation is currently in the process of evaluating a number of water development projects in Southwest Colorado. As a part of the planning process the Bureasu has conducted a water qualtiy investigation, in cooperations with the UWRL, of the stream segments that will be affected by each project. The data collected in this study were used to evaluate the water quality of each stream segment with respect to various beneficial uses of water (agriculture, raw municipal water supply, protection of the aquatic biota) and will provide a baseline by which to assess the impact of …

Utah Science Vol. 39 No. 4, December 1978

Utah Science

119 A WORD FROM THE DEAN ABOUT DAIRY Doyle J . Matthews The Dean of USU's College of Agriculture and the Director of the Experiment Station shares his views on the state of the dairy industry in Utah and USU's role in regional dairy research and facilities.

120 RECORDS - A DAIRY BASIC Wallace R. Taylor The evolution of dairy data recording-from barn wall to computer-as it relates to the development of the science and the art of dairying.

124USU DAIRY COWS - Past & Present - A photo essay

126 DAIRY CATTLE FEEDING AND NUTRITION Melvin J . Anderson …

Thermal Waters Of Utah, Topical Report, Harry D. Goode

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Western and central Utah has 16 areas whose wells or springs yield hot water (35 degrees C or higher), warm water (20 degrees - 34.5 degrees C), and slightly warm water (15.5 degrees - 19.5 degrees C). These areas and the highest recorded water temperature for each area: Lower Bear River Area, 105 degrees; Bonneville Salt Flats, 88 degrees; Cove Fort - Sulphurdale, 77 degrees; Curlew Valley, 43 degrees; East Shore Area, 60 degrees; Escalante Desert, 149 degrees; Escalante Valley (Roosevelt, 269 degrees, and Thermo, 85 degrees); Fish Springs, 60.5 degrees; Grouse Creek Valley, 42 degrees; Heber Valley (Midway, 45 …

An Economic Evaluation Of The Investments Made As Part Of The Pleasant View Allotment Management Plan, E. Bruce Godfrey

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

As a result of the above agreement, the BLM spent approximately 412 thousand dollars on various range improvements (e.g. pipelines, wel!s, fences, seedings, spring developments) between fiscal year 1967 and 1976. In addition, the grazing association spent over $2,000 in 1973 for a fence and pipeline and more than $3, 000 in 1971 on various spray projects. Thus, it is estimated that more than 415 thousand dollars were spent on range improvements in the Allotment from 1967 through fiscal year 1976 (June 1977). The 415 thousand dollars spent does not represent all of the investment costs that were spent in …

In The Matter Of The Application Of Utah Power & Light Company For Approval Of Its Proposed Electric Rate Schedules And Electric Service Regulations, Lynn H. Davis

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

QUESTION: Please state your name and residence address. ANSWER: Lynn H. Davis; 7530 North Highway 91; Smithfield, Utah. QUESTION: What is your occupation? ANSWER: I am professor of agricultural economics at Utah State University. QUESTION: What is your educational background in your professional field? ANSWER: I received a Bachelor of Science degree, with a major in agricultural economics, and a minor in animal science from Utah State University in 1949; a Master of Science degree, with a major in agricultural economics, from Utah State University in 1953; and a Doctor of Philosophy degree with a major in agricultural economics, and …

Utah Science Vol. 39 No. 3, September 1978

Utah Science

87 Dyer's Woad: From Cultivated-To Cursed WILLIAM A. VARGA A 0 JOHN O. EVANS An historic and scientific look at past uses and future controls of an invasive Utah weed. *

90 Property Tax Equity Problems in Utah: Part II W. CRIS LEWIS The second informative installment which provides credible solutions to our property tax inequities.

94 T racking Individualistic Chromosomes STERLING M. ELLSWORTH, THOMAS D. BUNCH, AND STEPHEN R. PAUL A young scientist's work in cytogenetics; chromosomal anomaly identification and the effects of a translocation in Holstein cattle at USU.

97 Desert Bighorn Sheep- Doomed by a Fly? THOMAS …

Utah Science Vol. 39 No. 2, June 1978

Utah Science

The Self-Rejuvenation of Gunnison Valley, Utah Craig L. Mangus, Paul R. Grimshaw and Leon C. Michaelsen The Gunnison Valley, dying economically, was revitalized by the creation of a new dairy industry. 47

That "Ultimate" Bull K. W. Hill The Utah Agricultural Experiment Station has through years of selective breeding, created a superior Holstein 50

Property Tax Equity Problems in Utah: Part I W. Cris Lewis A penetrating and analytical look at the inequities of our property tax system 52

Soil Moisture: The Life Blood of Aldicarb and Its Control of the Sugarbeet Cyst Nematode G. D. Griffin Effects of soil …

Water Conservation Information Dissemination During The 1997 Drought Emergency, L. Douglas James, Wade H. Andrews

Reports

As drought conditions in 1976 and 1977 became increasingly severe throughout the west and affected many other parts of the country, many states began special drought information dissemination efforts. This study was organized to provide for the exchange of information among the respective states a forum that could reduce duplication among independent efforts. The project collected information. on: A) Water-user conservation practices, 1) domestic use, a) inside use, b) outside use, 2) industrial, 3) commercial, and 4) irrigation; B) Water-supplier management practices, 1) water conservation Inducements, 2) emergency supply augmentation, a) groundwater mining, b) water harvesting, c) water reuse, 8) …

Prostaglandins, 3' ,5'-Guanosine Monophosphate, Testosterone And 2' ,4'-Dibromoacetophenone And Contractility Of Rat Seminiferous Tubules In Vitro, Craig H. Farr

Biology

The effects of prostaglandins (PGs) F2α and E2, 3 ',5 '-guanosine monophosphate (C-GMP), testosterone and 2,4'-dibromoacetophenone (DBA) on the contractility of rat seminiferous tubules in vitro were ascertained, measuring contractile frequency, magnitude of contractions and tubular diameter. PGF2α increased the frequency and tonus in a dose dependent manner, but magnitude of contraction was not significantly modified by PGF2α. Frequency and tonus were decreased in a dose-dependent manner by PGE2 while the magnitude of contractions was not significantly affected. C-GMP increased the frequency of contractions and tonus whereas the magnitude of contractions decreased with increasing concentrations. Testosterone decreased the frequency of …

Synchronous Flocking In Dunlins (Calidris Alpina): The Chorus Girl Hypothesis, Wayne K. Potts

Biology

The Chorus Girl Hypothesis (CGH) is presented to explain the rapid transfer of information through a flock during synchronous maneuvers. The primary feature of the hypothesis is that flock members receive information concerning the maneuver in advance of the leading edge of the maneuver wave. This advance warning allows flock members to time their own execution of the maneuver to coincide with the arrival of the maneuver wave, essentially eliminating the relatively large time lags that would be associated with a neighbor-to-neighbor transfer of information. Predictions from the CGH and the alternative Quick Reaction Hypothesis are tested. Observations suggest 11 …

Toxicity Of Carbofuran, Landrin, Croneton, And Aminocarb In Relation To Age, Sex, And Pretreatment With Piperonyl Butoxide Of Alfalfa Leafcutting Bees, Megachile Pacifica, Hani J. Al-Attar

Biology

For both sexes of leafcutter bee, the susceptibility of carbofuran, croneton and aminocarb insecticides was found to be age-dependent. The bees became more susceptible to the insecticides as the adults aged. The LD50 values for carbofuran toxicity to 1- and 4-day old male and female bees were 1.02, 0.5 (males), 1.6 and 0.78 (females) μ g/g respectively; for aminocarb 1.5, 1.3 (males) 1.9 and 1.5 (females) μ g/g; for croneton 31.02, 23.8 (males), 52.14 and 28 (females) μ g/g, and landrin to 1-day old female bees, 29.3 μ g/g. One- and four-day old males or females were susceptible to carbofuran …

An Evaluation Of Heart Rate As A Measure Of Daily Metabolism In Pigeons (Columba Livia), Robert K. Flynn

Biology

A positive, linear relationship of heart rate to metabolic rate, as measured by oxygen consumption, was demonstrated in each of seven pigeons (Columba livia). The linear regression equations which describe this relationship were pooled to yield two equations from each of two trials, six weeks apart. A significant shift in the slopes of these lines occurred within the 6-week period between trials. V02 - air temperature data extrapolated to a body temperature of 40.7°C at zero metabolism and thermal conductance of -0.23. The individual regression equations were used in conjunction with average 24-hour heart rate to predict the existence metabolism …

The Effect Of Architectural Variation In Habitat On A Spider Community: An Experimental Field Study -- With Special Reference To Resource Partitioning, James Vincent Robinson

Biology

Spider community acceptance of, and segregation by, architectural configuration was investigated for the spiders of Green Canyon in northern Utah. Modular habitat units consisting of 30.48 centimeter (1 foot) cubes of chicken wire supporting internal strands of macrame jute tied in different orthogonal configurations were used. Configurations including all three axes were tested at two strand densities. The primary null hypothesis tested, that spider species use structures independent of architecture, was rejected in favor of the alternate hypothesis that spider species differentially use structures dependent upon architecture. Of the eight most abundant species, two showed preferences for horizontal substrata and …

Possible Innovations For Teaching Farm Management In Iran, Mehdi- Khosroshahin

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Throughout the history of mankind, agriculture has always been the main element of interest. The early Romans recorded a number of facts in relation to farming and cultivation. Arthur Young, a famous writer about the 19th Century British farming states, "The magic of ownership turns sand to gold." [l, p. 1]

Influence Of Spring Sheep Grazing On The Forage Intake And Quality Of Diets Consumed By Pen-Reared Mule Deer Under Winter-Range Conditions, Kenneth Owen Fulgham

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study examined the nutritional responses of mule deer during winter on range subjected to a system of spring livestock grazing. The specific purposes were 1) to determine the quality (crude protein, digestible energy, and digestibility) of diets consumed by mule deer in winter on ranges grazed and ungrazed by sheep in spring, 2) to determine the level of forage intake, as determined by the external indicator chromic oxide, for deer under the same grazing regimes, 3) to compare forage intake estimates determined by the external indicator (chromic oxide) with results obtained by ocular estimation, and 4) to determine the …

The Social Behavior Of Brown Bears At Mcneil River, Alaska, Allan L. Egbert

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The social behavior of brown bears (Ursus arctos) was studied during the summers of 1972 and 1973 as bears fished for salmon at McNeil River, Alaska. Study objectives were to determine behavioral characteristics of bears in relation to sex and age, changes in social behavior over a 40-day long fishing season, social and environmental parameters correlated with the occurrence of behavior, and to test the hypothesis that brown bears modify social behavior in a feeding aggregation to exploit a resource limited in time and space.

Over one-half of the agonistic interactions consisted of passive deferrals. Encounters that included …

A Description And Analysis Of Behavior Patterns Among Uinta Ground Squirrels, Thomas Earl Morse

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This research describes and analyzes the behavior of free-living Uinta ground squirrels (Spermophilus armatus) temporally, spatially and with reference to differences in sex, age, population density and habitat. In addition, the relationships between local meteorological parameters and time spent above ground are described and analyzed.

The frequency of eight behaviors, feeding, moving, encounters, upright, motionless, grooming, nest gathering and calling, among ground squirrels was found to be labile, varying in frequency with time of day, period of the season, sex, age, population density and habitat, and varying in spatial distribution within the home range.

The dominant behavior, feeding, …

Dyadic Approach And Withdrawal Sequences Of Preschool Children When Interacting With An Adult Male, Paul M. Crane

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Thirty-eight preschool children (20 male and 18 females) w ere filmed in a seated dyadic interaction with an adult experimenter. Frame- by-frame film analysis was done for head and arms of subjects and head, arms, and legs of experimenter for experimenter and subjects approach and withdrawal movements. Chi- square analysis were performed for the data both between and within zones with the following cells: approach-approach (A-A), experimenter and subject approach each other; approach-withdrawal (A-W), experimenter approaches and subject withdraws; withdrawal-approach (W -A), experimenter withdraws and subject approaches; withdrawal-withdrawal (W - W), both subject and experimenter withdraw.

The most frequent and …

A Survey Of Plants And Animals Of Hill And Wendover Bombing Ranges, Western Utah, Mary Sue Fisher

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The United States Air Force was required by the Sikes Act (16 USC 670 et seq.) to operate Hill and Wendover Bombing Ranges under a Land and Wildlife Management Plan consistent with military objectives. A preliminary biological inventory was conducted to provide basic information necessary for preparation of an appropriate management plan. The inventory was conducted over a one year period utilizing 60 field days on the ground and 30 hours of flying time. A list of vertebrates present on the bombing ranges was formed by general observation of large mammals, birds and reptiles, and trapping of small mammals. …

The Role Of Vegetation Architecture In Determining Spider Community Organization, Cynthia L. Hatley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The relationships between vegetation architecture and spider community attributes were examined in a big sage (Artemisia tridentata) community. Spiders were separated into guilds using similarities of species' hunting behavior. Shrub architecture was experimentally manipulated in the field by either clipping 50% of a shrub's foliage to decrease foliage density or tying together a shrub's branches to increase foliage density.

Temporal patterns of spider species density, diversity (H') and evenness (J') showed midsummer peaks in both 1974 and 1975. Seasonal spider guild trends reflected the temporal prominence of a member species or genus. These temporally abundant species appeared to …

Quantitation Of Formaldehyde Resulting From Oxidative Deterioration Of Unsaturated Fatty Acids, Stanley J. Andrews

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Derivatives of 3-methyl-1-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone were formed from the oxidation products of three oxidized unsaturated fatty acids. Aeration with oxygen and heat (65C) was used as a means of accelerating deterioration of lipid samples. Formaldehyde was recovered from oxidized pure standards of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid methyl esters, and identified using gas chromatography. Formaldehyde was also recovered from oxidized lipid extracts of mechanic ally deboned turkey meat and turkey cluster fat. Gas chromatography was used to measure concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids during the oxidation of extracted lipids. Linoleic and linolenic fatty acids significantly decreased (p < .005) in oxidized lipid extracts from turkey cluster fat stored frozen for six months.

Measurement of the amounts …

Magnesium Deficiency And Excitability In The Rat: An Examination Of Selected Biochemical And Physiological Events Relating Magnesium Status To Behavior, Douglas Robinson Buck

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of Mg status on the behavior of rats, as determined by nonspecific excitability level and audiogenic seizure susceptibility, was investigated. Also, selected biochemical and neurological mechanisms mediating the chain of events from dietary magnesium deficit to the hyperexcitability symptoms were examined. Weanling rats fed a low magnesium (10 ppm) diet for 14 days had reduced serum, cerebrospinal fluid and brain magnesium concentrations, and increased brain (Na⁺ K⁺) -ATPase activity. They exhibited increased NEL and became highly susceptible to audiogenic seizures. Through dietary manipulation and intraperitoneal and cerebral intraventricular injections, it was possible selectively to alter …