Digital Commons Network^™

Systems And Methods For Detecting Alcohol, Acetone, And Carbon Monoxide In Breath, Tiffany Crystal Miller, Salvatore Domenic Morgera, Stephen Edward Saddow, Arash Takshi

USF Patents

A breath collection device can detect changes associated with pathogenesis of a disease, such as COVID-19, including biomarkers of immune response for respiratory symptoms, central nervous system injury, and/or peripheral nervous system injury in user breath and/or odor. The breath collection device can detect concentrations of alcohol, acetone, and carbon monoxide in user breath samples. A breath sample can be received in an internal bladder of the device for sensor analysis. Concentrations of alcohol, acetone, and carbon monoxide can be determined by calibrated calculation. A detection method for alcohol, acetone, and carbon monoxide can provide a non-invasive, rapid, and selective …

This Is How They Tell Me The World Ends: The Cyber-Weapons Arms Race. By Nicole Perlroth. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing; 1st Edition, 2021. Isbn-13 : 978-1635576054. Pp. 528. $30.00., Edward M. Roche , Phd, Jd

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.

National Security As A Public Interest Consideration In Uk Merger Control, Ioannis Kokkoris

Journal of Strategic Security

The article will discuss the boundaries of UK merger control set by national security concerns against the background of public interest considerations in the decisional practice of the competent authorities. The article will first present an overview of the existing legal framework for considering public interest when reviewing mergers and acquisitions in strategic industries or companies. It will then present the main precedents where issues of national security were raised and will discuss how the CMA and the Secretary of State assessed these transactions from both a competition and national security angle. Finally, the article will present the recent legislative …

Covid-19, Gangs, And Conflict. Edited By John P. Sullivan And Robert J. Bunker. Bloomington: Xlibris, 2020. Isbn: 978-1-6641-2434-9. 200 Pages. $3.99 (E-Book), $44.99 (Paperback)., Gus Frias , Edd

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.

Strategic Relationships, Risk, And Proxy War, Amos C. Fox

Journal of Strategic Security

Proxy wars dominate modern war fighting. Despite the frequency of proxy wars on today's battle field, the strategic studies community lacks sufficient models and strategic theories to frame proxy wars from the strategic level. This works seeks to build on the limited amount of preexisting theoretical work on proxy war by introducing five models of proxy relation - coerced, transactional, cultural, exploitative, and contractual. This models help policymakers, strategists, and practitioners understand and navigate through the strategic workings of today's proxy wars.

The Magnitude Of Warfare Revisited – System Polarity And War Duration, Marco Nilsson

Journal of Strategic Security

One of the intractable debates in the study of international conflict is the linkage between polarity and magnitude of interstate warfare. Speculations about the effects of the structure of the international system can be traced back to the Treaty of Westphalia. This article revisits this debate with a focus on war duration, which has received little attention in the literature, and presents the first theoretical discussion of the connection between polarity and war duration. It also uses a hazards model to statistically test whether five different measures of polarity are associated with war duration (1816-1992). The results provide initial support …

Evacuation Decision Making And The Role Of Social Connections Across Evacuation Statuses During Hurricane Irma, Nathan D. Shull

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to examine the evacuation decision-making process during Hurricane Irma in 2017. Special consideration was given to the role of an individual’s social connections (SCs). Additionally, the dependability, density (i.e., social network size and number of connections), and diversity of SCs were compared between those who: (a) evacuated to a shelter in Pinellas County, (b) evacuated to somewhere outside of the Tampa Bay area, and (c) did not evacuate. Data for evacuees and non-evacuees from Collins et al. (2018) were used to perform this comparison, while the data for shelter evacuees were acquired via a …

Factors Controlling Circulation At The Terminus Of A Shallow Seagrass-Dominated Estuary, Fort Desoto Bay, West-Central Florida, Charles Gray Vickery

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Fort DeSoto Bay is a shallow seagrass-dominated estuary located landward of Mullet Key that is home to the most extensive seagrass beds in all of Tampa Bay. During a period of development in the 1950s and early 1960s, the bay underwent extensive physical modifications, including the construction of earthen causeways and dredged channels, which altered the bathymetry of the seafloor and changed natural circulation patterns. The stagnation of water in the southern bay and increased estuarine residence time led to elevated summer temperatures, reduced dissolved oxygen levels, and die-offs of seagrasses. Two 40-foot circulation bridges were installed on each causeway …

American Military Service And Identity: From The Militia To The All-Volunteer Force, Andrew C. Sparks

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this project is to examine the growth of the American military service regimes along with how the American State used those regimes to construct American identity. To accomplish this, this project looks at the length of American war as a dependent variable from the types of war fought and the military service regimes. Over the course of this study, we examine four distinct eras: the militia regime, the coercive regime, the Peacetime Draft, and the All-Volunteer Force. Each of these correspond to various types of identity development, which include individual state, regional/national, international, and retrospective identity, respectively. …

“We Planted Rice And Killed People:” Symbiogenetic Destruction In The Cambodian Genocide, Andrew Woolford, Wanda June, Sereyvothny Um

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

In recent years, genocide scholars have given greater attention to the dangers posed by climate change for increasing the prevalence or intensity of genocide. Challenges related to forced migration, resource scarcity, famine, and other threats of the Anthropocene are identified as sources of present and future risk, especially for those committed to genocide prevention. We approach the connection between the natural and social aspects of genocide from a different angle. Our research emanates out of a North American Indigenous studies and new materialist rather than Euro-genocide studies framework, meaning we see the natural and the social (or cultural) as inseparable, …

An Affordable Education And Research Platform For Multi-Robot Autonomy, Rutledge Detyens, Andrew Gunn, Christopher Furmanick, Ryan Integlia

Florida Conference on Recent Advances in Robotics

Industry is continuously exploring new methods to enhance automation, as a way to reduce costs and increase efficiency. Multi-robot communication and cooperation is expected to become a vital aspect of these automated systems. There are many important applications in public safety, such as search and rescue operations, or performance of other dangerous tasks, such as fighting fires. Coordinated groups of people traditionally perform these tasks in large-scale cooperative efforts. Implementing cooperative efforts in teams of autonomous robots can be done in a variety of ways, utilizing many different systems and networked architectures. While there is much interest in this field, …

Bridging The Innovatino Gap At Socom, Gregory J. Ingram

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research is to provide a case study of how a highly bureaucratic organization located on a relatively inaccessible military base created organizational structures and climates to minimize innovation time and efforts. Typical approaches to government acquisition are not conducive to innovation and inhibit it in many cases. Conducting business with any government element, including the United States Special Operations Command (SOCOM), can be difficult. A few of the physical and regulatory challenges include gaining access to MacDill Air Force Base, entering the SOCOM compound and the prohibition of electronic devices on the compound. Another noteworthy challenge …

The Weekly Challenger, April 15, 2021, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al

Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection

The April 15, 2021, issue of The Weekly Challenger.

Training Foreign Militaries For Peace – U.S. Imet And Militarized Interstate Disputes 1976-2007, Sandor Fabian

Journal of Strategic Security

How do U.S. International Military Education and Training programs affect the recipient states` behavior in militarized interstate disputes? While the relationship between U.S. military aid in the form of arms and equipment transfer and MID involvement has been studied extensively in international relations literature the effects of U.S. IMET programs on the same phenomena has been largely ignored. This study intends to fill some of this gap. This paper proposes that American educated and trained foreign military personnel return home with a better understanding about the role of the military as an instrument of national power, civil-military relations, and the …

Russian Cyber Operations: Coding The Boundaries Of Conflict. By Scott Jasper. Washington, Dc: Georgetown University Press, June 2020. Isbn: 978-1-626-16797-1. Hardcover. 232 Pages. $32.95, Chris Bronk

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.

Psychological Casualties As A Source Of Friction During War And A Mediator Of Coerced Peace Efforts, Karl Umbrasas

Journal of Strategic Security

The United States homeland does not enjoy sanctuary in the twenty-first century geopolitical environment. Near-peer rivals, such as China and Russia, have capabilities that can impact the United States homeland during a high-end war. Adversaries’ aerospace capabilities have the potential to cause large volumes of psychological casualties among the United States population. Psychological casualties during a high-end war could serve as the basis for a mass call to end a war due to the altered information processing seen among traumatized people. Such a call to end a war could result in unfavorable peace settlements. The United States homeland must improve …

A Flying Threat Coming To Sahel And East Africa? A Brief Review, Håvard Haugstvedt

Journal of Strategic Security

Non-state actors have been experimenting with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for two decades. This has become widely known over the 5 years, as both ISIS and the Houthis have adapted weaponized UAVs into their repertoires. As the Sahel and East Africa regions experience a rise in violence from non-state actors, and given that groups here are affiliated with groups in the Middle East, this paper seeks to explore the possibility and likelihood of weaponized UAVs being used on the battlefield in these regions. By utilizing both scholarly work and other reporting from these regions, this paper finds that there is …

International Competition Below The Threshold Of War: Toward A Theory Of Gray Zone Conflict, Javier Jordan

Journal of Strategic Security

Drawing on existing literature, this research offers a theoretical delineation of the gray zone conflict, that is, conflict below the threshold of armed conflict. It begins by identifying the characteristic features attributed to the gray zone to propose a definition of the concept. It then situates gray zone conflict within the framework of the International Relations theory of Realism before setting out the main lines of strategic action used. Lastly, it examines the various levels of escalation that can arise in conflict of this nature.

Strategic Security In Northern Europe: The Implications Of Russian Anti-Access/Area Denial Strategies In Developing Complex Threat Environments, Herb Kemp Phd

Journal of Strategic Security

Anti-Access/Area Denial (A2/AD) is a term that came into use to describe an environment in which an air and air defense force could use a combination of surface-launched ballistic missiles, surface and air launched cruise missiles and long-range surface-to-air missiles to prevent an opposing force from accessing or operating within a large airspace effectively. The descriptions and subsequent analyses of the penetrability of these environments often rests on assessments of the capabilities of just a few newly developed missiles and may fail to consider the additional complexity induced by the large array of the entire complement of air, land and …

A Modular Framework For Multi-Rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles For Military Operations, Dante Tezza

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Multi-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (MR-UAV) are commonly used in a wide range of military operations. However, current MR-UAV models have limited payload capabilities and flight time, making it impractical for a single system to be well-suited for different applications. For instance, a drone designed to carry heavier equipment is not well suited for uses that require agility and speed. Therefore, military organizations employ multiple MR-UAV models, leading to complex logistics, training, and overall increased costs.

This dissertation presents a modular MR-UAV framework that allows a user to quickly tailor the aircraft for different military operations by easily changing modular parts …

The Weekly Challenger, March 18, 2021, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al

Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection

The March 18, 2021, issue of The Weekly Challenger.

The Facets Of Transitional Justice And 'Red Terror' Mass Trials Of Derg Officials In Post-1991 Ethiopia: Reassessing Its Achievements And Pitfalls, Kinkino Kia Legide

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

At the end of the state perpetrated largescale violence, two important puzzling questions need to be addressed by post-conflict states. The first one chiefly concern how to ensure accountability or fight impunity, and the second is concerned with how to transform a society wrecked by prolonged conflicts into a durable peace in a non-violent means (Jarstad & Sisk, 2008). One such effort to deal with these questions was implementation of a transitional justice measures which evolved to encompass broader themes in addition to criminal accountability and it has shown a considerable relevance and expansion since the end of Cold War. …

What Is The Role Of Cyber Operations In Information Warfare?, Emilio Iasiello

Journal of Strategic Security

Much attention has been focused on the potential consequences of cyber attacks against critical infrastructure and the use of cyber weapons as an asymmetric equalizer. However, as a capability considered to be under the larger umbrella of an information operations (IO)/information warfare (IW) campaign, how significant a weapon is cyber for the strategist in an information environment? As observed in recent IO/IW campaigns targeting U.S. elections in 2016 and 2020, lack of any discernable disruptive cyber attacks may have provided an answer to this, as a cyber power purposefully elected not to implement attacks. Instead, cyber espionage was used, and …

Les Opérations D’Influence Chinoises: Un Moment Machiavélien Paul Charon And Jean-Babtiste Jeangéne Vilmer Paris: Institut De Recherche Stratégique De L’École Militaire (Irsem), 2021., Edward M. Roche Phd, Jd

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.

The Gray Legion: Information Warfare Within Our Gates, Jeffrey Baptist, Julian Gluck

Journal of Strategic Security

The information environment, once viewed as an unassailed common for human knowledge, has revealed itself to be a vector for malicious narratives in the ongoing battle for global hegemony. Since 2014, the United States has been under siege from information attacks on multiple fronts, from cyber infrastructure and goods to the cognitive outlooks of its citizenry. Disinformation as a social media tool represents a novel and grave danger to democracy; it serves as a means for sowing unrest and influencing policy changes while enabling conventional conflict or—in the best case for those who would exploit and manipulate narratives—avoiding it entirely. …

New Under The Sun? Reframing The Gray Zone In International Security, Joshua Adam Hastey, Adam Knight

Journal of Strategic Security

Interstate war has been on the decline since the end of the Second World War. After the Cold War ended without a grand conflagration, civil conflicts and the war on terrorism have appeared to displace interstate war as the most pressing loci of security studies. Interstate aggression has become untenable, some have argued. Cooperative grievance resolution and the powerful incentives of economic interdependence have produced a decline in the outbreak of war. Revered scholars of international security have even asked whether we should bother studying the phenomenon anymore. Intrastate conflicts, it seems, are the order of the day. We argue …

On Contested Shores: The Evolving Role Of Amphibious Operations In The History Of Warfare. Edited By Timothy Heck And B.A. Friedman. Quantico, Va: Marine Corps University Press, 2020., John P. Sullivan, Hal Kempfer

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.

Winning The Digital War: Cyber Ideology And The Spectrum Of Conflict, Matthew Flynn

Journal of Strategic Security

Cyberspace allows ideology to dictate who wins a war. That technological medium has marginalized violence to such an extent that a belligerent must make a cognitive effort a priority. That focus means humanity has at last reached a coveted threshold where ideas determine a war’s outcome. This article traces that evolution along the “spectrum of conflict,” a military categorization encompassing all of war. This act of reductionism must confront cyber realities that alter an understanding of war as one driven by acts of violence. This feat means a digital peace finds an equal footing with war arising from a cyber …

Russo-Ukrainian Patterns Of Genocide In The Twentieth Century, Amos Fox

Journal of Strategic Security

Russo-Ukrainian relations in the 20th Century are dominated by genocide. Using Raphel Lemkin and Martin Shaw as a guide, one finds that Russo-Ukrainian relations during the 20th Century was a long period of genocidal action, linked by periods of punctuated genocides. These genocides included several political genocides that quelled Ukrainian nationalism and independence and kept it subjugated to Soviet Russia. Soviet Russia's genocide during the 20th Century was a carryover from Imperial Russia treatment of Ukraine, the arch of which carries over into today's relations between the two countries. Understanding this long period of genocide helps make sense of the …

Nonstate Warfare: The Military Methods Of Guerillas, Warlords, And Militias. By Stephen Biddle. Princeton, Ct: Princeton University Press, April 2021., Robert J. Bunker

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.