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Articles 391 - 420 of 42908
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Masthead, Pacific Seabird Group
Inside Front Cover, Pacific Seabird Group
Reviews: Hope Matters: Why Changing The Way We Think Is Critical To Solving The Environmental Crisis (Kelsey, E.); The Gull Next Door: Portrait Of A Misunderstood Bird (Taylor, M.), Rachel T. Buxton, Madeleine Goumas
Reviews: Hope Matters: Why Changing The Way We Think Is Critical To Solving The Environmental Crisis (Kelsey, E.); The Gull Next Door: Portrait Of A Misunderstood Bird (Taylor, M.), Rachel T. Buxton, Madeleine Goumas
Marine Ornithology
No abstract provided.
Author Instructions, Pacific Seabird Group
Sabine's Gulls Xema Sabini Outside Of Their Main Wintering Areas Are Not Necessarily Vagrants, Jonatas H.F. Prado, Gabriel Canani, Pedro V. Castilho, Nicholas W. Daudt
Sabine's Gulls Xema Sabini Outside Of Their Main Wintering Areas Are Not Necessarily Vagrants, Jonatas H.F. Prado, Gabriel Canani, Pedro V. Castilho, Nicholas W. Daudt
Marine Ornithology
We reviewed published and unpublished ‘vagrant’ (herein referred to as ‘unusual’) records of Sabine’s Gull Xema sabini worldwide and discuss these records according to age, marine productivity/fishing grounds, and migration corridors. Of the 151 unusual records, 135 (89%) were in or near areas with high productivity and/or known fishing grounds; 10 out of 14 documented records were young birds in their first or second migration, and the ‘unusual’ areas identified in this study could have been reached through known migration pathways used by other bird species. The fact that the majority of records are associated with productive/fishing zones (and are …
Diagnosis Of Hypothermia In Seabirds From Coastal California, Nancy L. Anderson
Diagnosis Of Hypothermia In Seabirds From Coastal California, Nancy L. Anderson
Marine Ornithology
This study established cloacal temperature (TCl) cut-off values to diagnose hypothermia in near shore seabirds rescued along the coast of California. All birds died when TCl was < 38.2 °C. When Aechmophorus grebes were excluded, 100% died when TCl was < 38.4 °C. Mortality increased 2–3× when TCl was lower than receiver operating curve-determined criteria for diagnosing hypothermia based on attitude: < 38.8 °C for mixed species, < 39.1 °C for Common Murres Uria aalge, and < 38.2 °C for Aechmophorus grebes. Reductions in TCl as small as 1.0 °C had significant physiologic effects.
Mercury Contamination In The Endocrine Glands Of Black-Tailed Gulls Larus Crassirostris On Kabushima (Kabu Island), Japan, Yasuaki Niizuma, Hinako Tani, Yuki Yamashita, Mitsuki Ito, Miho Maeda
Mercury Contamination In The Endocrine Glands Of Black-Tailed Gulls Larus Crassirostris On Kabushima (Kabu Island), Japan, Yasuaki Niizuma, Hinako Tani, Yuki Yamashita, Mitsuki Ito, Miho Maeda
Marine Ornithology
A colony of about 30 000 pairs of Black-tailed Gull Larus crassirostris nest on Kabushima (Kabu Island), which is located on the northeast mainland coast of Japan (Sanriku Coast, Honshu Island). There, the surface-water Hg concentration is higher than in the North Pacific Ocean. We collected carcasses from the breeding colony to assess the level of mercury (Hg) contamination. We measured Hg concentrations in 10 body tissues, including the endocrine glands. The relative mercury concentrations in the tissue samples (µg/g dry weight) were as follows: adrenal glands > livers > kidneys > blood > pituitaries > gonads > breast muscles > thyroid glands > pancreases > brain stems. Correlations …
Fishing Gear-Related Injuries And Mortality Of Seabirds In Coastal Northern Argentina, María Paula Berón, Juan Pablo Seco Pon
Fishing Gear-Related Injuries And Mortality Of Seabirds In Coastal Northern Argentina, María Paula Berón, Juan Pablo Seco Pon
Marine Ornithology
Worldwide, many seabirds are killed annually when they become entangled in gear used in coastal fisheries. This includes seabirds along the coast of Argentina, where recreational fishing occurs year-round and where little attention has been paid to the issue. We report here results for a study conducted in the vicinity of Mar del Plata Harbor and Mar Chiquita Lagoon in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, during the non-breeding season (March–September 2016). We found and inspected 46 individuals of ten species with moderate (30%), severe (46%), and lethal (24%) lesions from fishing gear entanglement. Coastal birds (83%) dominated the tally, with gulls …
Field Separation Of Cory's Calonectris Borealis And Scopoli's C. Diomedea Shearwaters By Underwing Pattern, Robert L. Flood, Ricard Gutiérrez
Field Separation Of Cory's Calonectris Borealis And Scopoli's C. Diomedea Shearwaters By Underwing Pattern, Robert L. Flood, Ricard Gutiérrez
Marine Ornithology
Field separation of Cory’s Calonectris borealis and Scopoli’s C. diomedea shearwaters is notoriously difficult. Past, provisional research found that the most reliable method of separation is by underwing pattern. Here, we present a comprehensive study of the underwing patterns of both species from colonies and other locations in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean (Cory’s Shearwater) and Mediterranean Sea (Scopoli’s Shearwater). Data were derived from museum specimens, typed bycatch victims, and photographs of birds at colony, inshore by colony, and offshore in the Mediterranean. Results demonstrate that the large majority of Cory’s/Scopoli’s shearwaters are separable in the field, though overlapping features …
Threats And Conservation Status Of Common And Roseate Terns Sterna Hirundo/S. Dougallii In The Azores: A Case Study For Terceira Island, Lucas Lamelas-López, Malgorzata Pietrzak, Miguel Ferreira, Veronica C. Neves
Threats And Conservation Status Of Common And Roseate Terns Sterna Hirundo/S. Dougallii In The Azores: A Case Study For Terceira Island, Lucas Lamelas-López, Malgorzata Pietrzak, Miguel Ferreira, Veronica C. Neves
Marine Ornithology
The Azores Archipelago holds the second most important population of Roseate Terns in the North Atlantic. However, the size of the population has been decreasing. In this study, we used remote-sensing cameras and visits to the main colonies of Common Terns Sterna hirundo and Roseate Terns S. dougallii on Terceira Island to identify the causes of breeding failure. Nest depredation by introduced mammals, particularly rats and cats, was the main cause of breeding failure, leading, in some cases, to the complete destruction of the colony. Additional threats included nest disturbance by humans and dogs, which caused the destruction of some …
Using Remote Video Technology To Study Environmental Factors Influencing Productivity Of Black-Legged Kittiwakes Rissa Tridactyla, Sarah A. Tanedo, Tuula E. Hollmén, John M. Maniscalco, Sadie E.G. Ulman
Using Remote Video Technology To Study Environmental Factors Influencing Productivity Of Black-Legged Kittiwakes Rissa Tridactyla, Sarah A. Tanedo, Tuula E. Hollmén, John M. Maniscalco, Sadie E.G. Ulman
Marine Ornithology
Monitoring seabirds and their responses to ecosystem change provides essential information for understanding the reasons behind any changes in productivity or populations. However, many species nest in remote locations, which poses logistical challenges for long-term studies. Remote cameras offer an opportunity to confront this issue. The Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla (kittiwake) has been used as an indicator of changes in its environment and is a prime candidate for monitoring via remote cameras. To investigate the potential for camera application, we used a remote camera system to collect six years (2010–2015) of reproductive data from a sub-colony of kittiwakes in Resurrection …
A Test Of Mechanisms Of Population Differentiation In Gannets (Morus Spp.) Using Comparative Phylogeography And Morphometrics, Victoria L. Friesen, Rebecca Brunt, James A. Morris-Pocock, Drew Sauve, Allan J. Baker, Timothy P. Birt, William S. Davidson, Kyle H. Elliott, William A. Montevecchi
A Test Of Mechanisms Of Population Differentiation In Gannets (Morus Spp.) Using Comparative Phylogeography And Morphometrics, Victoria L. Friesen, Rebecca Brunt, James A. Morris-Pocock, Drew Sauve, Allan J. Baker, Timothy P. Birt, William S. Davidson, Kyle H. Elliott, William A. Montevecchi
Marine Ornithology
The relative importance of gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection in driving genetic divergence of local populations, as well as the factors that disrupt gene flow in natural populations, are uncertain. Comparative analyses enable us to test explicit hypotheses regarding the roles of these factors. Gannets (Morus spp.) include three morphologically and ecologically similar seabird species: the Cape Gannet M. capensis, which breeds in southern Africa; the Australasian Gannet M. serrator, which breeds in southeastern Australia and New Zealand; and the Northern Gannet M. bassanus, which breeds in the North Atlantic. We assessed the extent of differentiation in mitochondrial …
Normal Physical Parameters Characterizing Galapagos Marine Birds, Gustavo Jiménez-Uzcátegui, Patricio D. Carrera-Játiva, Soledad Sarzosa, Edison Encalada, Richar Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Erika (Travis) Crook, Christian Sevilla
Normal Physical Parameters Characterizing Galapagos Marine Birds, Gustavo Jiménez-Uzcátegui, Patricio D. Carrera-Játiva, Soledad Sarzosa, Edison Encalada, Richar Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Erika (Travis) Crook, Christian Sevilla
Marine Ornithology
The Galapagos Penguin Spheniscus mendiculus (GAPE), Flightless Cormorant Phalacrocorax harrisi (FLCO), and Waved Albatross Phoebastria irrorata (WAAL) are marine birds that are endemic to the Galapagos Islands. To provide health information for these three species, baseline data on several physiological parameters were collected non-invasively—from individuals and populations appearing to be healthy—during the course of physical examinations that were conducted from 2011–2019. Heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, and body condition (weight vs. morphometric measurements) were analyzed as a function of age and sex. Mean heart rate differed significantly between juveniles and adults in all three species. Respiratory rate and body …
On-Land Foraging By Leach's Storm Petrels Oceanodroma Leucorhoa Coincides With Anomalous Weather Conditions, Kyle J.N. D’Entremont, Robert J. Blackmore, Sydney M. Collins, Dave Brown, Ian L. Jones, Bruce Mactavish, Sabina I. Wilhelm, William A. Montevecchi
On-Land Foraging By Leach's Storm Petrels Oceanodroma Leucorhoa Coincides With Anomalous Weather Conditions, Kyle J.N. D’Entremont, Robert J. Blackmore, Sydney M. Collins, Dave Brown, Ian L. Jones, Bruce Mactavish, Sabina I. Wilhelm, William A. Montevecchi
Marine Ornithology
We describe the first known documentation of on-land foraging by Leach’s Storm Petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa, a behaviour that has been documented only once before among members of the family Hydrobatidae. During a rain/windstorm from 15 to 17 July 2020 in eastern Newfoundland, individuals fed on coastally spawning and beach-cast capelin Mallotus villosus. This behaviour occurred in conjunction with a marine heatwave in the species’ foraging range. Examination showed that wrecked birds were emaciated with negligible stomach contents. This finding, combined with the abnormal weather and foraging behaviour, suggests that these birds were in a weakened state preceding stranding in coastal …
No Evidence Of Habitat Effect On Clutch Size, Egg Quality, And Hatching Success Of The Yellow-Legged Gull Larus Michahellis At A Micro-Spatial Scale, Sergio Delgado, Nere Zorrozua, Juan Arizaga
No Evidence Of Habitat Effect On Clutch Size, Egg Quality, And Hatching Success Of The Yellow-Legged Gull Larus Michahellis At A Micro-Spatial Scale, Sergio Delgado, Nere Zorrozua, Juan Arizaga
Marine Ornithology
In colonial seabirds, the nest substrate that is available and, in particular, the vegetation cover around the nest, are important environmental factors that drive an individual’s nesting selection process and, ultimately, reproductive performance. Using data collected during three consecutive years in a Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis colony from the Bay of Biscay, Spain, we tested whether clutch size, egg volume, and hatching success covaried with the proportion of vegetation cover around nests. We found no effect of vegetation cover on breeding performance. Laying date showed a positive effect on egg volume and a negative effect on hatching success and the …
Birds Depredating Stingrays And Skates (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea): New Observations And A Review Of Records, James A. Fitzsimons
Birds Depredating Stingrays And Skates (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea): New Observations And A Review Of Records, James A. Fitzsimons
Marine Ornithology
Gulls (Larus spp.) have a diet that includes fish, but they are also often dietary generalists. A limited number of dietary studies have been undertaken on the Pacific Gull Larus pacificus, which are endemic to Australia. Here, an observation of depredation by a Pacific Gull on a Southern Fiddler Ray Trygonorrhina dumerilii is described. Prior to this observation, rays and skates had not been recorded in the diet of Pacific Gulls, and there are few records in the literature of depredation by gulls (Laridae) or other bird families on species of cartilaginous fishes from the superorder Batoidea. However, there is …
Hatching Success Of Common Murres Uria Aalge Is Linked To The Number Of Neighbours And Resource Availability, Amy L. Irvine, Julia E. Gulka, Gail K. Davoren
Hatching Success Of Common Murres Uria Aalge Is Linked To The Number Of Neighbours And Resource Availability, Amy L. Irvine, Julia E. Gulka, Gail K. Davoren
Marine Ornithology
When breeding within densely populated colonies, seabirds benefit from increased offspring protection from predators, but intraspecific competition for resources may outweigh these benefits. We tested whether the number of breeding-site neighbours and days of predator presence influenced the breeding performance of Common Murres Uria aalge at two different-sized colonies off the northeastern Newfoundland coast: Cabot Island (10000 breeding pairs; < 10 km offshore) and Funk Island (500000 breeding pairs; ~60 km offshore). Gulls, the main predators of murre eggs/chicks, inhabit both islands in similar numbers. During July–August 2018, camera traps placed at topographically similar plots on each colony recorded breeding performance metrics (i.e., hatching, fledging, reproductive success), number of breeding-site neighbours, and daily presence of gulls. Hatching success was lower at Funk Island (64.7%) than Cabot Island (96.2%), but nearly all hatched chicks fledged at both colonies. Lower hatching success at Funk Island was due to higher egg abandonment and predation. It was also associated with fewer breeding-site neighbours, including non-brooding mates and non-breeders, along with higher gull presence (96.6% of all gull sightings at both colonies). Fewer neighbours at Funk Island may have resulted from mates and non-breeding murres spending more time at sea due to longer distances to predictable foraging sites and higher conspecific densities relative to Cabot Island. In turn, with fewer breeding-site neighbours at Funk Island, parents appeared less able to defend against or deter gull predation. Although Funk Island has special conservation status, protection of Cabot Island may also be important for the long-term conservation of murres in Newfoundland.
Status And Monitoring Methods Of A Red-Tailed Tropicbird Colony On O'Ahu, Hawai'i, Eric A. Vanderwerf
Status And Monitoring Methods Of A Red-Tailed Tropicbird Colony On O'Ahu, Hawai'i, Eric A. Vanderwerf
Marine Ornithology
The Red-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon rubricauda is a widespread seabird that nests in the tropical Pacific and Indian oceans. Most the global population nests in the predator-free Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. In the southeastern Hawaiian Islands, non-native predators restrict the species to nesting on coastal cliffs and small islets. I monitored 734 Red-tailed Tropicbird nests near Ha¯lona Point on O‘ahu during 2005–2020, controlled non-native predators to protect nests (beginning in 2006), and developed tools to facilitate monitoring of the species in other areas. The colony increased in size in response to predator control, from 18 eggs laid in 2006 to 94 eggs …
Abnormal Plumage Colouration In Spot-Billed Pelicans Pelecanus Philippensis At Pulicat Lake, Andhra Pradesh, India, Vaithianathan Kannan
Abnormal Plumage Colouration In Spot-Billed Pelicans Pelecanus Philippensis At Pulicat Lake, Andhra Pradesh, India, Vaithianathan Kannan
Marine Ornithology
Plumage colour variation is rarely observed in the Pelecaniformes and had not been previously recorded for the Spot-billed Pelican Pelecanus philippensis. Observed at Pulicat Lake, Andhra Pradesh, India, I describe strikingly coloured Spot-billed Pelicans having dark brown plumage, pink coloration on the bill, and black feet, but having normal eye colour
Reproductive Ecology Of The Black-Necked Swan Cygnus Melancoryphus In A Marine Wetland Of Southern Chile, Jaime A. Cursach, Jaime R. Rau, Claudio N. Tobar, Jonnathan Vilugrón, Francisco Brañas
Reproductive Ecology Of The Black-Necked Swan Cygnus Melancoryphus In A Marine Wetland Of Southern Chile, Jaime A. Cursach, Jaime R. Rau, Claudio N. Tobar, Jonnathan Vilugrón, Francisco Brañas
Marine Ornithology
The Black-necked Swan Cygnus melancoryphus is an endangered species in Chile. After the Río Cruces ecological disaster in Valdivia in 2004 (due to installation of a new pulp mill), the Black-necked Swans that survived were mostly dispersed to marine wetlands of the large island of Chiloé, passing from continental wetlands to the marine environment. The objectives of this study were to provide the first observations of nesting Black-necked Swans in the marine wetland of Chiloé Island, and to identify factors that may affect the survival of their cygnets. Our study was carried out in Caulín Bay (41°49ʹS; 073°38ʹW), Chiloé Island, …
Unusual Mass Stranding Event Of White-Chinned Petrels Procellaria Aequinoctialis In Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil, Cristiane K. M. Kolesnikovas, Emanuel C. Ferreira, Cristiana C. A. Assumpção, Patrícia P. Serafini
Unusual Mass Stranding Event Of White-Chinned Petrels Procellaria Aequinoctialis In Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil, Cristiane K. M. Kolesnikovas, Emanuel C. Ferreira, Cristiana C. A. Assumpção, Patrícia P. Serafini
Marine Ornithology
Bycatch is a significant threat for albatrosses and petrels in general but especially within Brazilian waters. As part of a monitoring program, Projeto de Monitoramento de Praias da Bacia de Santos (PMP-BS), an unusually high number of White-chinned Petrels Procellaria aequinoctialis was recorded at Santa Catarina Island: 72 birds from August 2015 to July 2016 (60 dead and 12 alive) and 31 birds from 29 December 2015 to 05 January 2016 (28 dead and 3 alive). Evaluation of the carcasses showed that 12 birds had external evidence of anthropogenic interaction, and necropsy demonstrated that at least two had perforation of …
A New Breeding Colony Of Blue-Footed Booby Sula Nebouxii At Islote González, Archipelago Islas Desventuradas, Chile, Manuel Marín, Rodrigo González
A New Breeding Colony Of Blue-Footed Booby Sula Nebouxii At Islote González, Archipelago Islas Desventuradas, Chile, Manuel Marín, Rodrigo González
Marine Ornithology
We describe a new disjunct population of Blue-footed Booby Sula nebouxii at Islote González in the Islas Desventuradas archipelago. Though likely much larger, the population size at the time of our survey was a minimum of 16 breeding pairs. On 14–15 December 2020, two pairs of boobies with nestlings and four pairs with empty nests were found. Likely the species is a recent arrival to the archipelago, perhaps during one of the strong El Niño events between 1970 and 2001 (especially 1982/83, when the species was first recorded in Chile). Blue-footed Booby might also nest on different areas at San …
Kidney Lesions Related To Trematode Infestation In A Cabot's Ternâ Thalasseus Acuflavidus Found In Brazil, Rafaela N.R. Cardoso, Hassan Jerdy, Paula Baldassin, Eulógio C.Q. Carvalho, Max R. Werneck
Kidney Lesions Related To Trematode Infestation In A Cabot's Ternâ Thalasseus Acuflavidus Found In Brazil, Rafaela N.R. Cardoso, Hassan Jerdy, Paula Baldassin, Eulógio C.Q. Carvalho, Max R. Werneck
Marine Ornithology
We describe the occurrence of the trematode Renicola sp. associated with kidney lesions in a Cabot’s Tern Thalasseus acuflavidus from Brazil. During necropsy, we observed renal paleness, subpleural hemorrhage at the edges of the organ, and severe dilation of both ureters. Histological analysis revealed distension of the branches of the ureters, with partial obstruction due to the presence of the parasites and compression of adjacent tubules. The infection did not likely cause the tern's death.
Masthead, Pacific Seabird Group
Inside Front Cover, Pacific Seabird Group
Reviews: The Art Of The Bird: The History Of Ornithological Art Through Forty Artists (Lederer, R.J.); Vanishing Fish: Shifting Baselines And The Future Of Global Fisheries (Pauly, D.); Ta Life On Our Planet: My Witness Statement And A Vision For The Future (Attenborough, D.), Abby Mcbride, Michelle Paleczny, Phillip Taylor
Reviews: The Art Of The Bird: The History Of Ornithological Art Through Forty Artists (Lederer, R.J.); Vanishing Fish: Shifting Baselines And The Future Of Global Fisheries (Pauly, D.); Ta Life On Our Planet: My Witness Statement And A Vision For The Future (Attenborough, D.), Abby Mcbride, Michelle Paleczny, Phillip Taylor
Marine Ornithology
No abstract provided.
Author Instructions, Pacific Seabird Group
Longevity Records For The Brown Booby Sula Leucogaster And Flesh-Footed Shearwater Ardenna Carneipes, Vincent H.S. Yap, Lillian G. Stewart, Silke Stuckenbrock, Andrew L. Fidler, Jennifer L. Lavers
Longevity Records For The Brown Booby Sula Leucogaster And Flesh-Footed Shearwater Ardenna Carneipes, Vincent H.S. Yap, Lillian G. Stewart, Silke Stuckenbrock, Andrew L. Fidler, Jennifer L. Lavers
Marine Ornithology
Longevity records for seabirds are vital to understanding population demography but are often limited due to the relatively short duration of many monitoring programs. Here, we present new longevity records for two seabird species: 32.2 years (Queensland, Australia) for the Brown Booby Sula leucogaster and 33.9 years (New Zealand) for the Flesh-footed Shearwater Ardenna carneipes, alongside existing longevity data. While these new records represent the oldest known birds to date, we suggest that they reflect typical adult lifespans of these species, i.e., 25–30 years, and reinforce the need for ongoing monitoring efforts.
Studies Of The Time Budget And Daily Activity Of Common Eider Somateria Mollissima During Incubation, Grigori M. Tertitski, Evgeny V. Semashko, Alexander E. Cherenkov, Vladimir Y. Semashko
Studies Of The Time Budget And Daily Activity Of Common Eider Somateria Mollissima During Incubation, Grigori M. Tertitski, Evgeny V. Semashko, Alexander E. Cherenkov, Vladimir Y. Semashko
Marine Ornithology
In the Common Eider Somateria mollissima, only females incubate the clutch over a period of 25–28 days. Determining their schedule of nest absence, how long they are away, how often, and where they go can be problematic. They must also avoid nest predation while tending to their own needs. We used geolocators to investigate the behavior of incubating females on forested islands in Dolgaya Guba Bay (65°03′N, 035°47′E), White Sea, Russia. Data were obtained for 12 females: three in 2015 and 2016, four in 2017, and two in 2018. During the entire incubation period, females left their nests for the …
Fishy Tales: Behaviour Of Schooling Fish Escaping From Terns, Kees Hulsman, Gurudeo Anand Tularam
Fishy Tales: Behaviour Of Schooling Fish Escaping From Terns, Kees Hulsman, Gurudeo Anand Tularam
Marine Ornithology
The aim of this study is to develop a better understanding of seabird foraging behaviour and the anti-predator behaviour of their prey. Studies of seabirds’ foraging and prey-capture behaviour, as it relates to the evasive and escape behaviour of schooling fish, are sparse. Our study was carried out at One Tree Reef on the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. A school of hardyheads Pranesus capricornensis sheltered in the shallows over the sand flats in front of the research station for 14 non-consecutive days. In that time, Lesser Crested Terns Thalasseus bengalensis were observed for 10 hours from …