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Articles 1081 - 1110 of 147321
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Blue Jay Spiral Flight: A Possible Novel Courtship Behaviour?, Tim Bellhouse
Blue Jay Spiral Flight: A Possible Novel Courtship Behaviour?, Tim Bellhouse
Ontario Birds
No abstract provided.
Feeding Niche Overlap And Segregation Among Three Grouse Species Wintering In Hudson Bay Lowlands Of Northern Ontario, Vernon G. Thomas
Feeding Niche Overlap And Segregation Among Three Grouse Species Wintering In Hudson Bay Lowlands Of Northern Ontario, Vernon G. Thomas
Ontario Birds
The Hudson Bay Lowlands of northern Ontario (comprising tundra and taiga) provide winter habitats for Willow Ptarmigan and Sharp-tailed Grouse as well as Rock Ptarmigan that occasionally fly in from arctic and subarctic regions. Winter food niche segregation/overlap was measured among these three species to investigate potential feeding competition; tamarack and berries were quantified by number and mass in the crops of grouse collected from the vicinity of the former community of Winisk, Ontario (now Peawanuck). All grouse species fed on birch and it was the principal food for Sharp-tailed Grouse. Willow was eaten primarily by Willow and Rock Ptarmigan. …
Ontario Bird Records Committee Report For 2019, Daniel J. Riley, Barbara N. Charlton, Mike V.A. Burrell, Kenneth G.D. Burrell, Amanda C. Guercio, William G. Lamond, Blake A. Mann, Reuven D. Martin, Donald A. Sutherland
Ontario Bird Records Committee Report For 2019, Daniel J. Riley, Barbara N. Charlton, Mike V.A. Burrell, Kenneth G.D. Burrell, Amanda C. Guercio, William G. Lamond, Blake A. Mann, Reuven D. Martin, Donald A. Sutherland
Ontario Birds
No abstract provided.
Letter To The Editors: Comment On Riley (2020), Alexander L. Darling
Letter To The Editors: Comment On Riley (2020), Alexander L. Darling
Ontario Birds
No abstract provided.
Table Of Contents, Ontario Field Ornithologists
Front Matter, Ontario Field Ornithologists
Full Issue, Ontario Field Ornithologists
Cover, Ontario Field Ornithologists
The Taxonomy And Origins Of Folia: A Brief Review, Donald G. Davis, Louise D. Hose, Harvey R. Duchene
The Taxonomy And Origins Of Folia: A Brief Review, Donald G. Davis, Louise D. Hose, Harvey R. Duchene
International Journal of Speleology
All folia demonstrate a few common elements: folia (singular, folium) are planar or sub-planar speleothems, slanting downward and away from cave walls and ceilings, and genetically associated with fluctuating environmental interfaces. They were first identified and named from examples in western USA hypogenic caves but have since been identified elsewhere in the world. Folia shelves are typically composed of calcite and interweave smoothly along sub-horizontal contours. Calcite accretion, both chemical and mechanical from suspended particles, follows water-surface fluctuations to form protrusions in arrays along walls and ceilings where new accretion tends to follow the water-surface downward during descending phases, gradually …
Centered? The Growing Role Of Centers In Intelligence Studies Programs, Jonathan Smith
Centered? The Growing Role Of Centers In Intelligence Studies Programs, Jonathan Smith
Journal of Strategic Security
In recent years, civilian higher education programs in the area of Intelligence Studies have begun adding academic centers as a complement to their existing curriculum offerings. This study traces the development, operations, and impact of four such centers in the United States. Through a comparative case study approach, it is found that while centers in this subject area may focus on different educational objectives, each works toward this goal with an interdisciplinary approach and a desire to grow their capabilities in the area of cybersecurity. The development of such centers in the field of Intelligence Studies raises questions about the …
What’S Wrong With These Pictures? A Critique Of Waltz, Walt And Mcfaul, Jan Niklas Rolf
What’S Wrong With These Pictures? A Critique Of Waltz, Walt And Mcfaul, Jan Niklas Rolf
Journal of Strategic Security
Reflecting on the ideas that have been offered to explain interstate conflict, Kenneth Waltz famously identified three images of war. Waltz’s method to rule out certain causes as the underlying causes of war was to identify constant and variable variables. The fact that the variety in one variable is not matched by the variety in another variable then allowed him to question the assumed causal relationship between the two variables. But whereas in Man, the State, and War he argued that agency, because of its constancy, cannot explain variations in war and peace, in his later book Theory of International …
Can Bilateralism Endure? The 2023-25 Gaza War And The Abraham Accords Framework, Eli Sperling, Elizabeth Trumpfheller
Can Bilateralism Endure? The 2023-25 Gaza War And The Abraham Accords Framework, Eli Sperling, Elizabeth Trumpfheller
Journal of Strategic Security
The Abraham Accords, signed in 2020, marked a significant shift in Middle Eastern geopolitics by normalizing relations between Israel and several Arab states: the UAE, Bahrain, and Morocco. These agreements emphasized novel types of Arab-Israeli economic partnerships, security cooperation, and public diplomacy, representing a shift from earlier Israeli peace deals with Egypt (1979) and Jordan (1994), which did not see significant growth in the states’ bilateral cooperation and coordination, particularly in non-security areas. And despite the unprecedented October 2023 Hamas attack on Israel and the ensuing Gaza and Lebanon wars, which intensified regional tensions and sparked widespread anti-Israel protests, the …
The Cost Of Quantum Wars: Small State Standpoint, Gayane Harutyunyan
The Cost Of Quantum Wars: Small State Standpoint, Gayane Harutyunyan
Journal of Strategic Security
As an emerging technology, quantum technology claims to have a tremendous impact on all spheres of social activity, as well as to significantly change the perception of war and peace, diversify the nature of security threats, opening up new, previously unknown layers in them. The development of quantum technologies is of exceptional importance for small states in terms of defense and security, because due to some important features (efficiency, speed, accuracy, dataflow security) it can offset the scarcity of resources (financial, material and human) typical of small countries, enabling the opportunity to address the issues of low efficiency due to …
Black Widow And Black Tigress: Understanding The Female Suicide Attackers From Russia And Sri Lanka, Jithin Raveendran
Black Widow And Black Tigress: Understanding The Female Suicide Attackers From Russia And Sri Lanka, Jithin Raveendran
Journal of Strategic Security
The phenomenon of female suicide attackers has introduced a new dimension to the landscape of terrorism, challenging traditional perceptions of gender roles and motivations within extremist activities. This article delves into the complex biographies of female suicide attackers in two different geopolitical settings: Sri Lanka and Russia. Women have been prominently involved in suicide attacks in Russia, in which it is closely related to Chechen conflict and during the Tamil insurgency for establishing independent state, Sri Lanka has also seen instances of female suicide attackers. To understand why some women are drawn into these acts of violence, it is essential …
Terror For Profit: A New Paradigm For Understanding Terrorism And Organised Crime. By Martin Gallagher. Boulder, Co: Keypoint Press, 2024., Colin Atkinson
Terror For Profit: A New Paradigm For Understanding Terrorism And Organised Crime. By Martin Gallagher. Boulder, Co: Keypoint Press, 2024., Colin Atkinson
Journal of Strategic Security
No abstract provided.
Trickle-Down Coordination: The National Security Advisor’S Role As The Strategic And Operational Planner Of The Dod-Dos Interagency Relationship, Fabio S. Van Loon
Trickle-Down Coordination: The National Security Advisor’S Role As The Strategic And Operational Planner Of The Dod-Dos Interagency Relationship, Fabio S. Van Loon
Journal of Strategic Security
Forging a coherent U.S. foreign policy requires the competent management of the inter-agency framework. Defining strategy at the cabinet level and ensuring its implementation at the operational level, the National Security Advisor must act as an honest broker of the inter-agency process. This article will examine the role of three National Security Advisors from the Nixon, Carter and George W. Bush administrations, and study two examples of operational success and failure, highlighting the importance of the strategic-operational link. The author concludes by recommending a National Security Council (NSC)-led inter-agency framework that drives consensus-based strategic planning and mandates operational coordination through …
Intelligence As An Instrument Of National Power: Lessons Learned From The Tensions Between Serbia And Kosovo, Vadym Chernysh
Intelligence As An Instrument Of National Power: Lessons Learned From The Tensions Between Serbia And Kosovo, Vadym Chernysh
Journal of Strategic Security
Intelligence activity is unique; it can be a valuable and powerful tool in the hands of state leaders. Leaders should rely not solely on their perception or intuition to leverage the intelligence instrument of national power but rather on understanding this phenomenon and its inherent qualities. Often, political leadership may confuse the functions of intelligence and law-enforcement agencies, leading to the ineffective or inefficient use of national power instruments to achieve strategic goals. Leveraging the intelligence instrument of national power in prolonged conflicts with a larger adversary is a crucial aspect of statecraft. The role of intelligence can be vital …
The Institutional Effect: Democracies, Dictators And Diversionary Foreign Policy, Thomas Reilly
The Institutional Effect: Democracies, Dictators And Diversionary Foreign Policy, Thomas Reilly
Journal of Strategic Security
The diversionary theory of war remains controversial in International Relations. The extant literature remains dominated by the study of democratic diversions and the use of warfare as the prime diversionary strategy. The sheer amount of work covering democratic diversions has created theoretical biases which are oft transposed to autocratic states, despite being largely unique to democratic processes. This article expands the traditional bounds of diversionary theory to provide a logic of autocratic diversions and diversionary strategies outside of war, presenting a theoretical framework which argues that institutionalization is the primary conduit through which the intended audience, benefit and preferred diversions …
Vulnerable State’S Foreign Policy Navigation In A Multipolar World: Discerning Ethiopia’S Security Engagement With Turkey, Henok Getachew
Vulnerable State’S Foreign Policy Navigation In A Multipolar World: Discerning Ethiopia’S Security Engagement With Turkey, Henok Getachew
Journal of Strategic Security
Throughout its modern history, the Ethiopian state has operated in space that constraints its strategic autonomy. Since the mid of the twenty-first century, the Ethiopian state has consistently struggled to survive in the face of formidable challenges that manifested in the forms of irredentism, aggression, civil war, and external pressure. To deal with such security conundrums, maintaining strategic partnership for instance is not a new phenomenon in the tradition of Ethiopia’s foreign policy. Over the years, it has employed inter alia alliance, loose partnership, and asymmetric relationships with other states as well as collective security to ameliorate security risks originating …
The I2u2: China’S Increasing Role In The Middle East And Geostrategic Implications On India, Pooja Devi, Jyoti Singh Ph.D.
The I2u2: China’S Increasing Role In The Middle East And Geostrategic Implications On India, Pooja Devi, Jyoti Singh Ph.D.
Journal of Strategic Security
In the present era, the concept of minilateralism has emerged as an essential instrument of the attainment of a country’s strategic interests. Consequently, the global world is shifting from multilateral alliances to minilateral groupings. The article analyzes the emergence of a minilateral construct and the formation of minilateral platform I2U2. The newly established quadrilateral group I2U2, which includes India, Israel, the UAE and the United States, is called ‘the Middle East Quad.’ The economic partnership is aimed at utilizing the different sector capacities of member countries to counter shared challenges that have occurred in the past few years. Six key …
India’S Policy Shift Towards Afghanistan Under De Facto Taliban Government, Neha Manhas, Sitakanta Mishra
India’S Policy Shift Towards Afghanistan Under De Facto Taliban Government, Neha Manhas, Sitakanta Mishra
Journal of Strategic Security
The Taliban takeover of Afghanistan is no longer at the forefront of the global agenda, though after four years of its rule, the Islamic Emirate strives for global legitimacy. India, one of the major partners in the reconstruction of Afghanistan since 2001, has drastically minimized its role, and no major attempt was made to deal with the Taliban until the withdrawal of US/NATO forces in 2021. Similarly, the Taliban regime in turn has not made any breakthrough with India in its diplomatic pursuits. However, sporadic meetings between the Indian and Taliban government officials have taken place, leading to speculation …
Looking Inside Seychelles Beneficial Multi-Alignment Strategy Amidst India-China Competition, Gaurav Sen
Looking Inside Seychelles Beneficial Multi-Alignment Strategy Amidst India-China Competition, Gaurav Sen
Journal of Strategic Security
The article is designed to understand the political strategy of Seychelles. Seychelles situated in Western Indian Ocean has emerged as key player in the Indo-China competition. India and China are striving to exert influence over small island state, which hold strategic significance in the contested waters of the Indian Ocean. Seychelles has been adept at maintaining beneficial relationships with both India and China, despite its differing strategic interests. This article undertakes a detailed overview of Seychelles political strategy during India- China competition in the IOR. The first part of the paper devoted in understanding the importance of political strategy and …
Assessing India-Philippines Defence Engagement: Strategic Alignments And Future Trajectories, Arushi Anthal, Anu Sharma
Assessing India-Philippines Defence Engagement: Strategic Alignments And Future Trajectories, Arushi Anthal, Anu Sharma
Journal of Strategic Security
India and the Philippines signed the deal worth USD 375 million dollars for the BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles in 2022, and the first batch of missiles was delivered in April of 2024. The growing defence cooperation between both nations marks a strategic shift in India’s Act East Policy which was launched in 2014. Within the broader Indo-Pacific framework, this engagement offers mutual advantages in maritime security, counter-terrorism, and capacity building. This research paper explores and examines the strategic relevance of this partnership in lines with the rising assertiveness of China, assesses challenges and identifies potential areas of cooperation. It also …
Threat Perception In Taiwan: Trend And Implications, Christina Chen
Threat Perception In Taiwan: Trend And Implications, Christina Chen
Journal of Strategic Security
The rising tensions in the Taiwan Strait, driven by China’s growing aggression, have prompted Taiwan to explore ways to bolster its defense and deterrence capabilities. Given that successful deterrence requires the involvement of both military and civilian sectors, the Taiwanese public’s threat perception—specifically, how they view China as a security threat—becomes crucial. This article examines changes in Taiwan’s public threat perception of China. It finds that while Taiwan’s public threat perception has increased since the late 2010s, this shift is more nuanced. External events likely contributed to an overall rise in threat perception, but Chinese coercive actions were associated with …
Growth Of Reusable Space Technology: Commercial Opportunities And Military Advantages, Khyati Singh
Growth Of Reusable Space Technology: Commercial Opportunities And Military Advantages, Khyati Singh
Journal of Strategic Security
This paper examines the evolution and implications of reusable space technology, focusing on its impact on commercial opportunities and military advantages. The analysis traces the development from early concepts through the current "third space age," marked by successful commercial ventures like SpaceX and Blue Origin. The study explores how reusable technology has transformed space access by significantly reducing launch costs and increasing mission frequency. It evaluates key technological breakthroughs, including advanced materials, precision landing systems, and improved propulsion systems that enable reusability. The paper further analyses the commercial landscape, discussing emerging markets in satellite constellations, space tourism, and orbital manufacturing. …
The Element Of Surprise: Highly Maneuverable Satellites And Ssa, Simone L. Montandon
The Element Of Surprise: Highly Maneuverable Satellites And Ssa, Simone L. Montandon
Journal of Strategic Security
Military, commercial, and civil space missions rely on accurate space situational awareness (SSA) to avoid collisions and inform the analysis of the threat environment. Historically, man-made objects in space have been highly predictable because their trajectories were mostly constrained within the orbit they occupied. However, fast-paced progress in engine/thruster technology, energy efficiency, and on-orbit servicing and refueling have allowed satellites to maneuver often and quickly within their lifespan. This added an element of unpredictability that adds further uncertainty to an operational environment that is already highly uncertain. This paper argues that solving this issue will require pursuing continued custody of …
Identifying Signatures Of Unidentified Aerospace Phenomena Through Structured Analytic Techniques, Joshua S. Pierson, Ms, Dss
Identifying Signatures Of Unidentified Aerospace Phenomena Through Structured Analytic Techniques, Joshua S. Pierson, Ms, Dss
Journal of Strategic Security
Unidentified Aerospace Phenomena (UAP) penetrate sovereign airspace and sea space with such proliferation that often national security entities are left baffled with how to detect, identify, and respond to such actions. Since World War II, these phenomena were reported to pace aircraft, maneuver at high speeds in an erratic fashion and increase speed to hypersonic velocity when starting from stasis. The study of UAP is shrouded in stigma, perplexing government mishaps, and academic inquiry focusing on the material aspects of UAP, leaving a gap in determining the exhibited capability and intent of these phenomena. The use of structured analytic techniques …
Subterranean Warfare’S Strategic Coming Of Age: The Israel-Hamas War Of 2023-Present, Nadav Morag
Subterranean Warfare’S Strategic Coming Of Age: The Israel-Hamas War Of 2023-Present, Nadav Morag
Journal of Strategic Security
This article posits the question as to whether subterranean warfare, which has been a tactic used in warfare since ancient times, has evolved to being an operational tactic in some contexts (such as in the Vietnam War and some Israeli-Hamas clashes in Gaza prior to 2023) and has now, for the first time, has “come of age” to the strategic level in the Israel-Hamas war that broke out in October 2023. The article argues that the current war in Gaza is one in which subterranean warfare has become strategic because the outcomes of this form of warfare in this context …
Sofs And Pmscs: Factors Of Stability And Change, Mirko Tasic
Sofs And Pmscs: Factors Of Stability And Change, Mirko Tasic
Journal of Strategic Security
The legitimacy of special operations forces (SOFs) and private military and security companies (PMSCs) often resides in a legal gray area, especially for those operating under the patronage of states that deviate from neoliberal standards and are sometimes labeled as criminal groups or terrorist organizations. This study aimed to develop a framework for categorizing the organizational and operational models of such SOFs and PMSCs. The three primary categories used were: mercantilistic, ideological, and ideological-mercantilistic. A comparative analysis of Iran’s Quds Force, Russia’s Wagner Group, and FR Yugoslavia’s JSO was conducted to better understand the impact of these and similar actors …
Ai-Enabled Terrorism: A Strategic Analysis Of Emerging Threats And Countermeasures In Global Security, Shai Farber
Ai-Enabled Terrorism: A Strategic Analysis Of Emerging Threats And Countermeasures In Global Security, Shai Farber
Journal of Strategic Security
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming terrorist methods and counter-terrorism strategies, with far-reaching effects on global security. This paper examines how terrorists use AI for new attack tactics, propaganda, and coordination, while also evaluating the ethical, legal, and strategic challenges AI introduces into counter-terrorism. Through a systematic literature review and qualitative analysis, the study identifies key trends in AI's impact on security dynamics, highlighting its role in blurring the lines between peace and conflict. An analytical framework is proposed to navigate the complex landscape of AI-driven asymmetric warfare, providing practical insights for policymakers and researchers. The study …