Digital Commons Network^™

Tlr Antagonism By Sparstolonin B Alters Microbial Signature And Modulates Gastrointestinal And Neuronal Inflammation In Gulf War Illness Preclinical Model, Dipro Bose, Ayan Mondal, Punnag Saha, Diana Kimono, Sutapa Sarkar, Ratanesh K. Seth, Patricia Janulewicz, Kimberly Sullivan, Ronnie Horner, Nancy Klimas, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Prakash Nagarkatti, Saurabh Chatterjee

Faculty Publications

The 1991 Persian Gulf War veterans presented a myriad of symptoms that ranged from chronic pain, fatigue, gastrointestinal disturbances, and cognitive deficits. Currently, no therapeutic regimen exists to treat the plethora of chronic symptoms though newer pharmacological targets such as microbiome have been identified recently. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonism in systemic inflammatory diseases have been tried before with limited success, but strategies with broad-spectrum TLR4 antagonists and their ability to modulate the host-microbiome have been elusive. Using a mouse model of Gulf War Illness, we show that a nutraceutical, derived from a Chinese herb Sparstolonin B (SsnB) presented a …

Problems With Lorentz Violation Originating From A Cosmologically Varying Pseudoscalar Field, Sapan Karki, Brett David Altschul

Faculty Publications

Lorentz- and CPT-violating models of electrodynamics with Chern-Simons terms are typically plagued by various sorts of instabilities. However, when the Chern-Simons term arises from a slow time variation in a pseudoscalar field with an axionlike electromagnetic coupling, the total energy of the theory is bounded below. We examine the behavior of such a theory, finding that in a systematic power series expansion of the magnetic and pseudoscalar fields, singularities appear in the field profiles. Some of the questionable behavior can be cured by taking a fully nonperturbative approach, but other problematic terms remain. This may be an indication that Cerenkov-like …

Separability Of The Planar 1/Ρ2 Potential In Multiple Coordinate Systems, Richard Decosta, Brett David Altschul

Faculty Publications

With a number of special Hamiltonians, solutions of the Schrödinger equation may be found by separation of variables in more than one coordinate system. The class of potentials involved includes a number of important examples, including the isotropic harmonic oscillator and the Coulomb potential. Multiply separable Hamiltonians exhibit a number of interesting features, including “accidental” degeneracies in their bound state spectra and often classical bound state orbits that always close. We examine another potential, for which the Schrödinger equation is separable in both cylindrical and parabolic coordinates: A z-independent V ∝ 1/ρ² = 1/ (x² + y^{2 …}

The Influence Of Childhood Trauma And Ptsd Symptoms On Attention And Adhd Symptoms In Adulthood: An Eeg Study, Kylie M. Jupp

USC Aiken Psychology Theses

Objective: The influence of childhood trauma on clinical and cognitive functioning, specifically attention, has a large research base. However, the majority of studies have examined response inhibition to measure attention, and very few studies have evaluated how childhood trauma influences attentional control behavior and brain activity. Additionally, I aimed to integrate the use of the Allostatic Load Theory (ALT) to examine the outcome of negative attentional outcomes through the input of traumatic stressors. I addressed the above limitation and incorporated the ALT by investigating the influence of childhood trauma, community violence, and PTSD symptoms on attention performance and brain activity …

Risk Factors Associated With Somatic Symptoms Following Military Sexual Trauma In Members Of The National Guard And Reserves, Chelsea J. Mcmahon

USC Aiken Psychology Theses

Objective: The purpose of the present study is to expand existing literature on risk factors that are associated with poorer physical health outcomes following incidents of Military Sexual Trauma (MST) to include both Military Sexual Harassment and Military Sexual Assault in members of the United States National Guard and Reserve.

Method: The current study used archival data collected by a research team at the Veteran Affairs Boston Healthcare System in order to identify potential factors such as gender, social support, immediate medical treatment, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Depression. Moderation and mediation analyses were performed to examine the association between experiences …

The Title Ix Paradox, Emily Suski

Faculty Publications

When Christine Blasey Ford explained to the Senate Judiciary Committee why she had not reported her sexual assault at age fifteen, she captured the struggle of many children who must decide whether to make such reports: “For a very long time, I was too afraid and ashamed to tell anyone the details.” Thousands of sexual assaults happen to children in school each year. Title IX, a potentially powerful civil rights law, should protect them. Title IX’s main purpose is to protect individuals from sex discrimination, including in the form of sexual harassment and assault, in public schools. Yet Title IX …

Breast Cancer Knowledge Among University Students ★, Shimia Hunter, Calvin Odhiambo

University of South Carolina Upstate Student Research Journal

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and the second-leading cause of death among women in the United States. While lack of knowledge about breast cancer is a key factor in breast cancer mortality, little is known about breast cancer knowledge among women under the age of 30. The goal of the current study was to investigate the knowledge and awareness of breast cancer among undergraduate students in the United States. This was a cross-sectional survey of 265 male and female undergraduate students at the University of South Carolina Upstate. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to predict …

Does Poverty Rate Increase Terrorism In A Country?: An Analysis From 1970-2019 ★, Sarah E. Distefano, Matthew Placek

University of South Carolina Upstate Student Research Journal

While terrorism has been a constant product of society, its determinants have been sporadic at best and inconclusive at worst. With the scientific community failing to arrive at a common consensus in reference to poverty as defined by GDP per capita, I hope to find a concrete conclusion by taking a different approach and examining the relationship between poverty rate and terrorism. In order to define the impact of poverty rate on terrorism, I utilized the Quality of Government Index Standard Time Series Dataset and the Global Terrorism Database. Further analysis was conducted by performing an OLS regression on the …

Preface To Ssl 46.1, Patrick Scott, Tony Jarrells

Studies in Scottish Literature

Introducing the issue, with brief tributes to three Scottish literature scholars who died in summer 2020: Colin Manlove, Aileen Christianson, and Douglas Gifford.

Performing Authenticity In The 19th-Century Short Story: Walter Benjamin, James Hogg, And The Spy, Duncan Hotchkiss

Studies in Scottish Literature

Discusses periodical short stories by the Scottish writer James Hogg (1770-1835), and his periodical The Spy, arguing that these textually perform oral story-telling features within the print medium, problematize Walter Benjamin’s distinction between traditional oral storytelling and the printed short story as vanguard of modernity, and show the periodical short story as a form embodies modernity while performing tradition.

Paper Monuments: The Latin Elegies Of Thomas Chambers, Almoner To Cardinal Richelieu, Kelsey Jackson Williams

Studies in Scottish Literature

Examines the Latin poems by Thomas Chambers (or Chalmers), the younger, a well-connected mid-17th century Catholic priest who spent time in Rome and Scotland as well as in France, where he was almoner to Cardinal Richelieu, based on a manuscript collection of elegies Chalmers copied into George Strachan’s manuscript album amicorum, and on other elegies known from their use on monuments or tombs.

Bliadhna Nan Caorach/The Year Of The Sheep: Reading Highland Protest In The 1790s, Alexander Dick

Studies in Scottish Literature

Describes Bliadhna nan Caorach, the Year of the Sheep, in Ross-shire in the summer of 1792 when about 200 Highland farmers from Strathrusdale and other communities drove as many as 10,000 cheviot and blackface sheep toward Inverness to protest their intrusion on to Highland lands; discusses the difference between protest, riot, and insurrection; and examines a poetic response by Ailean Dughallach (Allan MacDougall) and two sympathetic prose reactions, by Anne Grant, of Laggan, and a touring English clergyman John Lettice (who attended the subsequent trials, but took some of his information from the Statistical Account).

The King And The People In Burns And Lady Nairne, With A Coda On Jane Austen’S Favorite Burns Song, Carol Mcguirk

Studies in Scottish Literature

Explores the treatment of the monarchy, and the Jacobite song tradition, in Robert Burns (who "refuses political silence yet ... embraces indirection, even contradiction") and Caroline Oliphant, Lady Nairne (whose "lyrics highlight Scottish solidarity... offering her readers [and the performers of her songs] an immersion experience in being Jacobite"), with discussion also of Jane Austen's favourite Burns song "“Their Groves of Sweet Myrtle,” suggesting that this is echoed in Austen's Emma.

Books Noted And Received, Patrick Scott

Studies in Scottish Literature

Shorter reviews and notices of recent books in Scottish literature and adjacent disciplines.

‘Yon High Mossy Mountains’: A Burns Song Manuscript From The Roy Collection, Patrick Scott

Studies in Scottish Literature

Discusses and collates variants from a second autograph manuscript of Burns's song "Yon High..." or "Yon Wild Mossy Mountains," in the Roy Collection, University of South Carolina, reviewing the evidence on provenance, and assessing the purpose of the variants in the Roy manuscript.

Trans-Axonal Signaling In Neural Circuit Wiring, Olivia Spead, Fabienne E. Poulain

Faculty Publications

The development of neural circuits is a complex process that relies on the proper navigation of axons through their environment to their appropriate targets. While axon–environment and axon–target interactions have long been known as essential for circuit formation, communication between axons themselves has only more recently emerged as another crucial mechanism. Trans-axonal signaling governs many axonal behaviors, including fasciculation for proper guidance to targets, defasciculation for pathfinding at important choice points, repulsion along and within tracts for pre-target sorting and target selection, repulsion at the target for precise synaptic connectivity, and potentially selective degeneration for circuit refinement. This review outlines …

Extensive Morphological Variability In Asexually Produced Planktic Foraminifera, Catherine V. Davis, Caitlin M. Livsey, Hannah M. Palmer, Pincelli M. Hull, Ellen Thomas, Tessa M. Hill, Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson

Faculty Publications

Marine protists are integral to the structure and function of pelagic ecosystems and marine carbon cycling, with rhizarian biomass alone accounting for more than half of all mesozooplankton in the oligotrophic oceans. Yet, understanding how their environment shapes diversity within species and across taxa is limited by a paucity of observations of heritability and life history. Here, we present observations of asexual reproduction, morphologic plasticity, and ontogeny in the planktic foraminifer in laboratory culture. Our results demonstrate that planktic foraminifera reproduce both sexually and asexually and demonstrate extensive phenotypic plasticity in response to nonheritable factors. These two processes fundamentally explain …

Lipocalin 2 Induces Neuroinflammation And Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction Through Liver-Brain Axis In Murine Model Of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, Ayan Mondal, Dipro Bose, Punnag Saha, Sutapa Sarkar, Ratanesh K. Seth, Diana Kimono, Muayad Albadrani, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Prakash Nagarkatti, Saurabh Chatterjee

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND:

Recent clinical and basic research implicated a strong correlation between NAFLD/NASH phenotypes with ectopic manifestations including neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, but the mediators and critical pathways involved are not well understood. Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is one of the important mediators exclusively produced in the liver and circulation during NASH pathology.

METHODS:

Using murine model of NASH, we studied the role of Lcn2 as a potent mediator of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in NASH pathology via the liver-brain axis. RESULTS: Results showed that high circulatory Lcn2 activated 24p3R (Lipocalin2 receptor) in the brain and induced the release of high mobility group box …

The Efficacy Of Political Apology Within A Settler-Colonial Framework, Hannah M. Bauer

Senior Theses

Government apologies issued for American settler-colonialism, instances of mis-racialization, and instances of misrepresentation of Native American peoples – such as the joint resolutions passed by President Clinton and the 103^rd Congress and President Obama and the 111^th Congress – reflect the strategies used to justify the United States’ removal and assimilation policies. These same strategies are evident in the ways which historic and modern media representations transform Native Americans into a monolithic racial ‘other.’ Trump’s evocation of “Pocahontas” as a racial slur and Warren’s participation in a DNA test during Donald Trump and Elizabeth Warren’s debate over Warren’s …

Recent Decisions

The Journal of Law and Education

No abstract provided.

Neutrino Induced Coherent-Pion: Precision Measurement In Nomad And Uses In Oscillation Experiments, Bing Guo

Theses and Dissertations

In the era of high precision oscillation measurements, lead by DUNE and Hyper-K, the Near Detector (ND) faces unprecedented challenges and opportunities. Among the various neutrino events in ND, Coherent meson production plays a special role. It is a non-negligible background to the oscillation signal. However the cross-section models for neutrino induced Coherent meson currently being used are old and imprecise. On the other hand, Coherent meson has a simple experimental signature with minimal nuclear effect making it unique among neutrino-nucleon interactions. Furthermore, the cross section for Coherent meson is the same in neutrino and antineutrino modes. It, thus, potentially …

Authentic Assessments And Their Impact On Engagement Of Gifted Learners In Washington County Public Schools: An Action Research Study, Felicia Jo Lowman-Sikes

Theses and Dissertations

This mixed-methods, action research project focused on how gifted learners perceived their levels of engagement when presented with differing assessment types. The project, which took place in Washington County Virginia Public Schools, investigated how middle and high school gifted learners’ engagement differed when completing authentic assessments versus multiple choice assessments. A purposeful sample was chosen with participants then completing Likert-type surveys and semi-structured interviews. Classroom observations were conducted at both the middle and high school levels. Data and findings were triangulated to complete the research process.

South Of Eden: Paying Coal Ash Cleanup Costs In South Carolina, Jalen Brooks-Knepfle

South Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

Tying The "Not": The South Carolina Supreme Court's Prospective Abolishment Of Common Law Marriage, Morgan E. Spires

South Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

Comparing The Success Of Official Sponsors And Ambush Marketers: An Event Study Analysis Of Brazil Following The 2014 Fifa World Cup And 2016 Rio De Janeiro Summer Olympic Games, Timothy Koba

Theses and Dissertations

Mega sporting event hosting and sponsorship garner billions of dollars in investments from countries and companies, but their effectiveness has yet to be definitively determined. If the announcement of a host country serves as a signal to the investors who comprise a market, then there should be an increased return in response to the announcement. Similarly, if companies are activating their sponsorships during a sporting event there may be a higher return than what would be expected otherwise. The evaluation of the 2016 Summer Olympic Games held in Rio de Janeiro demonstrates that the announcement did not impact the market …

Teaching Psychology In Secondary School: The Flipped Classroom Approach And The Arcs Motivational Model, Nicole Ritter

Theses and Dissertations

Motivational levels towards learning course content are low due to the lack of resources. This action research evaluated the impact of implementing a flipped classroom approach on students’ motivation to foster the content knowledge in a high school introductory psychology course. Using a flipped classroom approach, lecture-based activities were recorded and saved for the home where students could control the viewing Traditional lecture in the classroom was replaced with active learning strategies. This research answered the questions: (1) How and in what ways does implementing a flipped classroom approach affect high school students’ motivation to learn in an introductory psychology …

What Kentucky Parents Should Know When Choosing A Remedy Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, Kathryn Meador

The Journal of Law and Education

No abstract provided.

Blinded By Science? A Reexamination Of The Bar Ninja And Silver Bullet Bar Program Cryptids, Rory Bahadur

The Journal of Law and Education

No abstract provided.

Commentary

The Journal of Law and Education

No abstract provided.

The Behavioral And Neural Effects Of Audiovisual Affective Processing, Chuanji Gao

Theses and Dissertations

In everyday life, we receive affective information from a multisensory environment. What we see and what we hear jointly influence how we feel, think and act. Outstanding questions still remain about the essential behavioral and neural mechanism underlying how we combine visual and auditory affective signals. In this dissertation, I report a series of behavioral, EEG and fMRI experiments addressing this question. I found behaviorally there are congruency, visual dominance, and negativity dominance effects. Using ERPs, I showed that these behavioral effects can map onto different time course in audiovisual affective processing. Time-frequency analyses of EEG data showed that there …