Digital Commons Network^™

Estimation Of Skeletal Muscle Mass Relative To Adiposity Improves Prediction Of Physical Performance And Incident Disability, Joshua F. Baker, Jin Long, Mary B. Leonard, Tamara Harris, Matthew J. Delmonico, Adam Santanasto, Suzanne Satterfield, Babette Zemel, David R. Weber

Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Purpose We assessed the discrimination of lean mass estimates that have been adjusted for adiposity for physical functioning deficits and prediction of incident disability. Methods Included were 2,846 participants from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study with available whole-body dual energy absorptiometry measures of appendicular lean mass index (ALMI, kg/m 2) and fat mass index (FMI, kg/m 2). Age-, sex-, and race-specific Z-Scores and T-Scores were determined by comparison to published reference ranges. ALMI values were adjusted for FMI (ALMI FMI) using a novel published method. Sex-stratified analyses assessed associations between lean mass estimates and the physical performance score, …

Albisporachelin, A New Hydroxamate Type Siderophore From The Deep Ocean Sediment-Derived Actinomycete Amycolatopsis Albispora Wp1t, Qihao Wu, Robert W. Deering, Gaiyun Zhang, Bixia Wang, Xin Li, Jiadong Sun, Jianwei Chen, Huawei Zhang, David C. Rowley, Hong Wang

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Marine actinobacteria continue to be a rich source for the discovery of structurally diverse secondary metabolites. Here we present a new hydroxymate siderophore produced by Amycolatopsis albispora, a recently described species of this less explored actinomycete genus. Strain WP1^T was isolated from sediments collected at −2945 m in the Indian Ocean. The new siderophore, designated albisporachelin, was isolated from iron depleted culture broths and the structure was established by 1D and 2D NMR and MS/MS experiments, and application of a modified Marfey’s method. Albisporachelin is composed of one N-methylated-formylated/hydroxylated l-ornithine (N-Me-fh-l-Orn), one l-serine (l-Ser), one formylated/hydroxylated l-ornithine (fh-l-Orn) and …

Revisiting The Association Of Blood Pressure With Mortality In Oldest Old People In China: Community Based, Longitudinal Prospective Study, Yue-Bin Lv, Xiang Gao, Zhao-Xue Yin, Hua-Shuai Chen, Jie-Si Luo, Melanie Sereny Brasher, Virginia Byers Kraus, Tian-Tian Li, Yi Zeng, Xiao-Ming Shi

Sociology and Anthropology Faculty Publications

Objective To examine the associations of blood pressure with all cause mortality and cause specific mortality at three years among oldest old people in China.

Design Community based, longitudinal prospective study.

Setting 2011 and 2014 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, conducted in 22 Chinese provinces.

Participants 4658 oldest old individuals (mean age 92.1 years).

Main outcome measures All cause mortality and cause specific mortality assessed at three year follow-up.

Results 1997 deaths were recorded at three year follow-up. U shaped associations of mortality with systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure were identified; values of …

Methane-Oxidizing Seawater Microbial Communities From An Arctic Shelf, C. Uhlig, J. B. Kirkpatrick, Steven L. D'Hondt, Brice Loose

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Marine microbial communities can consume dissolved methane before it can escape to the atmosphere and contribute to global warming. Seawater over the shallow Arctic shelf is characterized by excess methane compared to atmospheric equilibrium. This methane originates in sediment, permafrost, and hydrate. Particularly high concentrations are found beneath sea ice. We studied the structure and methane oxidation potential of the microbial communities from seawater collected close to Utqiagvik, Alaska, in April 2016. The in situ methane concentrations were 16.3 ± 7.2 nmol L−1 , approximately 4.8 times oversaturated relative to atmospheric equilibrium. The group of methaneoxidizing bacteria (MOB) in the …

Division Of Research And Economic Development Monthly Report For June 2018, Uri Division Of Research And Economic Development

Reports (Research and Economic Development)

The monthly reports include statistics for project proposals and awards received by individual academic and administrative departments at the University of Rhode Island.

Marine Resource Management And Conservation In The Anthropocene, Shankar Aswani, Xavier Basurto, Sebastian Ferse, Marion Glaser, Lisa Campbell, Joshua E. Cinner, Tracey Dalton, Lekelia D. Jenkins, Marc L. Miller, Richard Pollnac, Ismael Vaccaro, Patrick Christie

Marine Affairs Faculty Publications

Because the Anthropocene by definition is an epoch during which environmental change is largely anthropogenic and driven by social, economic, psychological and political forces, environmental social scientists can effectively analyse human behaviour and knowledge systems in this context. In this subject review, we summarize key ways in which the environmental social sciences can better inform fisheries management policy and practice and marine conservation in the Anthropocene. We argue that environmental social scientists are particularly well positioned to synergize research to fill the gaps between: (1) local behaviours/needs/worldviews and marine resource management and biological conservation concerns; and (2) large-scale drivers of …

Failure To Reproduce: The Replication Crisis In Research — Can Librarians Help?, Andrée J. Rathemacher, Amanda Izenstark, Harrison Dekker

Technical Services Faculty Presentations

Slides from a presentation, "Failure to Reproduce: The Replication Crisis in Research — Can Librarians Help?," presented at the 2018 ACRL New England Chapter Annual Conference, Failing Forward: Experimentation and Creativity in Libraries, on May 4, 2018 in Plymouth, Massachusetts.

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Room: Carver

A recent survey by Nature found that more than 70% of researchers have tried and failed to reproduce another scientist’s experiments and more than half have failed to reproduce their own experiments! Learn more about the “reproducibility crisis” in research and how librarians are helping by teaching researchers about reproducible workflows, proper management of code and data, …

Faculty Senate Meeting Minutes May 3, 2018, University Of Rhode Island Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Meeting Minutes

No abstract provided.

Draft Genome Sequence Of Loktanella Maritima Strain Ypc211, A Commensal Bacterium Of The American Lobster (Homarus Americanus), Hilary J. Ranson, Jason Laporte, Edward Spinard, Marta Gomez-Chiarri, David R. Nelson, David C. Rowley

Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences Faculty Publications

Loktanella maritima strain YPC211 was isolated from the American lobster (Homarus americanus). We report here the draft genome sequence for L. maritima YPC211 and identify genes of potential importance to its role within the microbial community.

Division Of Research And Economic Development Monthly Report For May 2018, Uri Division Of Research And Economic Development

Reports (Research and Economic Development)

The monthly reports include statistics for project proposals and awards received by individual academic and administrative departments at the University of Rhode Island.

Online Fitness Social Networking Communities, Caitlyn Martinez

Senior Honors Projects

The high numbers of adults who do not engage in enough physical activity or who are completely sedentary, are at higher risk than others for health illnesses and complications. However, many individuals are taking initiative and control of their health and well-being as a result of the copious amount of information available on the internet and major technological advancements. Individuals are self-tracking their health with wearable technology such as Fitbit, Nike, Garmin, and Jawbone among many others which can track steps/distance, steps climbed, heart rate, caloric burn, and sleep. In the last decade, these technologies have become very popular and …

Evaluating Implicit Self-Compassion In College Students, Emily Kutok

Senior Honors Projects

Typically, research on self-compassion and mental health has used the measurement tool of self-report (explicit) surveys to examine self-compassion. Implicit Association Tests (IAT) can be applied to a number of di erent constructs, some of which include racial biases, gender stereotypes, and suicidal ideation. ey are used to measure the strength of a person’s automatic association between two concepts (in this case, between self and compassion). By measuring implicit self-compassion, a researcher can expect less self-report bias related to self- presentational concerns and the limits of introspection, and they can capture psychological processes that occur without full conscious awareness but …

Pharmacist-Patient Communication Techniques, Kanya Shah

Senior Honors Projects

Objective: To examine available literature on patient-provider communication directed specifically to pharmacists and create a succinct guide of communication techniques.

Methods: Two systematic searches were conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, APhA Library, Access Pharmacy, Communication Abstracts (EBSCO), and ComDisDome (Proquest). The first search quantified the literature available relating to communication techniques for non-pharmacist healthcare providers, such as physicians and nurses. The second search examined the information available on communication techniques directed to pharmacists and pharmacy practice. After conducting these general searches, the results were narrowed to clinical trials and review articles. Since the focus of this project was patient …

Crispr Gene Editing In The Sea Squirt, Ciona Intestinalis, Evelyn Siler, Steven Irvine

Senior Honors Projects

Genetic manipulation has come a long way in the past ten years alone. Scientists have had access to gene editing techniques for decades, but until recently these methods have proven to be expensive and unpredictable. However, thanks to the development of a new, more efficient genome editing strategy called CRISPR/Cas9, more aggressive progress can now be made in genetics research.

CRISPR is not a machine or a physical tool, but rather it is a system that involves introducing a protein into a cell, along with a DNA segment that will attract the protein to a desired location on the DNA. …

Genetic Testing And A Real World Case Of Lynch Syndrome, Paige Montanaro

Senior Honors Projects

In recent years, advancements in genetic testing methods have revolutionized the medical field by enhancing the ability to identify persons with an inherited predisposition to cancer. According to the American Society for Clinical Oncology, individuals should undergo genetic testing when he or she meets the following criteria: the individual demonstrates familial history that indicates a predisposition to certain cancers, the test can be adequately interpreted, and the results will aid in the diagnosis, treatment, or management of the patient or additional family members at risk. Genetic testing can be done on samples of hair, skin, blood, amniotic fluid, or other …

Priorities: A Film Investigation Into The Quality Of Hiv Education In Ri Public High Schools, Ellis Iacono

Senior Honors Projects

HIV infection in Rhode Island is trending in a positive, downward direction as the state continues to emphasize testing and prevention. The Miriam Hospital’s HIV/AIDS Immunology Center is a well-established caregiving facility, providing medical and social support to more than 1,500 Rhode Islanders annually. Despite this progress, there are educational gaps between school districts and an apparent lack of emphasis on HIV education in some RI public high schools. I created a documentary film to better understand the state’s health education standards and how they are presented in curricula. In doing so, I conducted a series of short, on-camera interviews …

Women In Science: A Course, Krystyna Krupinski

Senior Honors Projects

Ask any student to name five women who have made advancements in scientific fields and most likely they will not be able to name more than two. With a lack of courses highlighting women scientists’ achievements, this lack of knowledge is hardly surprising I am addressing this issue in my work. Through the researching of scientific advancements made by women, I have proposed a method to teach students about these scientists so names like Johnson, Franklin, and Curie become as commonplace as Einstein, Hawking, and Bohr. Frequently in science classes in middle schools and high schools, the focus is only …

Choose Your Own Adventure: An Analysis Of Gender Inequality In Higher Education, Topaz Szewczok, Bethany Parslow

Senior Honors Projects

This project explores how gender inequality in contemporary society impacts the individual’s experiences in their career path, especially in regards to higher education. We document experiences that gender minorities have in their academic disciplines and gain insight on how individuals overcome or do not overcome being the gender minority. Our data come from in-depth interviews with college professors and survey responses from college students in gender segregated fields such as nursing, STEM, early education, and family studies. For this study, according to information gathered and published by the university, a “gendered field” at URI is determined by two thirds or …

Book Review: Surrogacy: A Human Rights Violation By Renate Klein, Sheela Saravanan

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of High Maternal Milk Production During Pregnancy On Neonatal Health And Metabolism, Katelynn Cameron, Maria L. Hoffman Phd

Senior Honors Projects

The efficiency of the dairy industry relies heavily on the production of healthy calves. However, dairy operations experience high rates of calf mortality due to digestive and respiratory issues. One factor that could predispose calves to disease is the effects of maternal programming caused by high maternal milk production during pregnancy. We hypothesized that calves born to high producing dams will exhibit increased oxidative stress as well as increased circulating triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations. Cows (n = 17) that produced ≥ 14,865 kg of milk during their lactations were classified as high producers. Alternately, cows (n = 18) that …

Storytelling Through Hip Hop, Brandon Donohoe

Senior Honors Projects

90’s but has changed drastically over the years. Styles have evolved and new sub-genres have emerged but the opportunity for compelling storytelling has remained. Over the course of this past semester with the guidance of my sponsor, I explored this rich tradition. I listened to several albums with release dates that spanned from the 90s to 2000s to get a feel for what techniques some of the most well-known storytellers in hip-hop have used. The albums that I found to be particularly useful were ‘Ready to Die’ by Notorious B.I.G., Kendrick Lamar’s ‘Good Kid, m.A.A.d City’ and ‘Because the Internet’ …

Investigations Into Ring-Opening Polymerization Of Functionalized Ε-Caprolactones, Danielle N. Coderre, Matthew K. Kiesewetter

Senior Honors Projects

Polymers are defined as large molecules constructed from small, repeating units (monomers) which make up everyday items, such as: plastic bags and bottles, waterproof coatings, pipes, etc. H-bonding urea (U) or thiourea (TU) catalysts paired with base cocatalysts used for organocatalytic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters have been shown to exhibit fast rates of polymerization and result in polymers with controlled molecular weights (Mn) and low polydispersity indexes (PDI). Additionally, organocatalytic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) techniques have been shown to be tolerant of the incorporation of functional groups into the monomer feed, which is vital for the catalytic synthesis of …

Ethnographic Insight Into The Developmentally Diverse Worlds Of Twins: “L & J”, Allison Gallant

Senior Honors Projects

According to the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (2016), approximately 3 of every 1000 infants are born with a detectable level of hearing loss in one or both ears: with 90% of these infants being born to hearing parents. Immediately following the birth of a deaf child, parents are often bombarded with decisions regarding interventions to “fix” their child’s “disability”. This decision can impact how their child will experience the world and others. The situation is a very different stressor when a hearing child is born to deaf parents. Embracing one’s deaf identity and engaging in “deaf …

Physician Suicide: An Overlooked Epidemic, Emily Gallagher

Senior Honors Projects

Suicide, in general, can be a challenging topic to approach and dissect. It can be complicated and uncomfortable and is perpetuated as taboo. Physician suicide in particular can be even more complicated, confusing, and uncomfortable. The topic of physician suicide (as well as medical student suicide) is understudied and the literature available is underwhelming. The research I conducted focuses on the big picture of physician suicide. From the first year of medical school, to a new doctor’s residency, and on through their practice, physicians face a unique set of obstacles and adversities that shape their experience and ultimately lend to …

Draft Genome Sequence Of The Putative Marine Pathogen Aquimarina Sp. Strain I32.4, Hilary J. Ranson, Edward Spinard, Andrei Y. Chistoserdov, Marta Gomez-Chiarri, David R. Nelson, David C. Rowley

Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences Faculty Publications

Aquimarina sp. strain I32.4 (formerly Aquimarina sp. ‘homaria’) is a putative pathogen involved in epizootic shell disease in the American lobster (Homarus americanus). We report here the draft genome sequence for Aquimarina sp. strain I32.4 and describe virulence factors that may provide insight into its mechanism of pathogenicity.

Plant Propagation Practicum Pls 216x, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Curricular Report No. 2017-18-11 From The Graduate Council To The Faculty Senate: Graduate Certificate In Aquaculture And Fisheries, University Of Rhode Island Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Bills

No abstract provided.

Curricular Report No. 2017-18-10 From The Graduate Council To The Faculty Senate: M.S. Mathematics - Applied Mathematics Track, University Of Rhode Island Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Bills

No abstract provided.

Beyond The Biomarker: Understanding The Diverse Roles Of Human Epididymis Protein 4 In The Pathogenesis Of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer, Nicole E. James, Clinton Chichester, Jennifer R. Ribeiro

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is an important clinical biomarker used for the detection of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). While much is known about the predictive power of HE4 clinically, less has been reported regarding its molecular role in the progression of EOC. A deeper understanding of HE4’s mechanistic functions may help contribute to the development of novel targeted therapies. Thus far, it has been difficult to recommend HE4 as a therapeutic target owing to the fact that its role in the progression of EOC has not been extensively evaluated. This review summarizes what is collectively known about HE4 signaling …

Totally Implantable Biosensor For Metabolic Monitoring And Manufacturing Of Complex Parenterals, Diane Burgess

Amgen Seminar Series in Chemical Engineering

This seminar will cover Implantable, miniaturized biosensors for glucose monitoring and as well as aspects of manufacturing of complex parenterals.

The development of a smart biosensor coating (containing drug releasing microspheres in a hydrogel) that prevents the foreign body response and allows long-term functionality of the sensors will be presented along with in vivo data covering rodent as well as a large animal model.

Manufacturing of complex parenteral drug products is challenging and is complicated by the need for FDA regulation. Till now the industry has utilized batch style manufacturing methods which tend be unreliable and result in inconsistent product …