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Articles 10771 - 10800 of 11813
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Oral Health And Pathology: A Macrophage Account., Rebecca Merry, Louise Belfield, Paul Mcardle, Andrew Mclennan, Stjohn Crean, Andrew Foey
Oral Health And Pathology: A Macrophage Account., Rebecca Merry, Louise Belfield, Paul Mcardle, Andrew Mclennan, Stjohn Crean, Andrew Foey
School of Biomedical Sciences
Macrophages are present in healthy oral mucosa and their numbers increase dramatically during disease. They can exhibit a diverse range of phenotypes characterised as a functional spectrum from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory (regulatory) subsets. This review illustrates the role of these subsets in the oral inflammatory disease lichen planus, and the immunosuppressive disease oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We conclude that the role of macrophages in driving progression in oral disease identifies them as potential therapeutic targets for a range of oral pathologies.
The Professional Doctorate: Developing And Enacting Professional Learning Across Multiple Sites Of Learning, Nick Pratt, Michael Tedder, Peter Kelly, R Boyask
The Professional Doctorate: Developing And Enacting Professional Learning Across Multiple Sites Of Learning, Nick Pratt, Michael Tedder, Peter Kelly, R Boyask
School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences
The research aimed to: - investigate the way in which EdD participants engage with, construct and enact new professional knowledge across a range of contexts; - better understand the significant relationships involved in this process – between people, sites and resources; - disseminate this new understanding within the pedagogic research arena.
Developing Sustainable Student Communities: Informal Learning And Becoming Peer, Rod Parker-Rees, Mel Joyner, Joanna Haynes
Developing Sustainable Student Communities: Informal Learning And Becoming Peer, Rod Parker-Rees, Mel Joyner, Joanna Haynes
School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences
We aimed to exploit opportunities arising from the merging of the faculties of Health and Education to explore ways of supporting students in the development of a network of sustainable communities.While there is a substantial literature on how students engage and participate in the academic cultures of HEIs and on factors which affect student retention and quality of life, less research has been focused on the relationships between what might be called the formal curriculum and the informal learning opportunities afforded by participation in a student community.In the context of the creation of the Faculty of Health, Education and Society, …
Moon Vehicle: Reflections From An Artist-Led Children's Workshop On The Chandrayaan-1 Spacecraft's Mission To The Moon, J Griffin
School of Art, Design and Architecture
This article reflects on the journey to the Moon of the spacecraft Chandrayaan-1 as it was interpreted through an artist-led workshop. The workshop participants were a group of children who lived close to where Chandrayaan was built and some of the engineers and scientists responsible for creating the spacecraft. Insights from the workshop show how a mission to the Moon draws on both the technological and the imaginative; they also have bearing on the relative agency of these individuals to contribute to the Moon missions in ways that are personally meaningful to them.
Fabrication And Mechanical Properties Of Chitosan Composite Membrane Containing Hydroxyapatite Particles, Hr Le, S Qu, Re Mackay, R Rothwell
Fabrication And Mechanical Properties Of Chitosan Composite Membrane Containing Hydroxyapatite Particles, Hr Le, S Qu, Re Mackay, R Rothwell
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
This paper described the development of chitosan composites containing precipitated hydroxyapatite particles for potential applications in orthopaedic surgery or waste water treatment. The synthetic process and morphology of hydroxyapatite were reported. The effects of hydroxyapatite content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of composites were investigated. It was found that the Young’s Modulus of the composites decreases with hydroxyapatite content while the failure strength and strain increase with the hydroxyapatite content.
Coastal Defence Evaluation: An Sprc Approach, Dominic E. Reeve, Jose M. Horrillo-Caraballo, Andrew Fox, Dave Simmonds, Sum H. Kwan, Shunqi Pan, Deborah Greaves
Coastal Defence Evaluation: An Sprc Approach, Dominic E. Reeve, Jose M. Horrillo-Caraballo, Andrew Fox, Dave Simmonds, Sum H. Kwan, Shunqi Pan, Deborah Greaves
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics
In this paper, we show how the methodology based on the Source-Pathway-Receptor-Consequence (SPRC) approach can be used to identify the risks of flooding and erosion. The methodology is applied to the Teign Estuary in Devon, UK to define the linkages between physical loads (waves, tides), sea defences, areas liable to flooding and the impacts of flooding.
Use Of Digital Holographic Cameras To Examine The Measurement And Understanding Of Sediment Suspension In The Nearshore, Daniel C. Conley, Daniel Buscombe, W. Alex M. Nimmo-Smith
Use Of Digital Holographic Cameras To Examine The Measurement And Understanding Of Sediment Suspension In The Nearshore, Daniel C. Conley, Daniel Buscombe, W. Alex M. Nimmo-Smith
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
We present results from a 3-week field experiment measuring surf-zone flows and sediment transport on a steep energetic beach in the south-west UK, including the first reported deployment of an in-line holographic camera ('holocam') in the surf zone, co-located with various optical backscatter sensors and an acoustic backscatter sensor (ABS). The extensive data set provides perhaps a unique opportunity to examine the performance of optical and acoustic backscatter instruments in a wide range of conditions including bubbly flows, as well as some fundamental aspects of sediment suspension processes such as the near-bed size-distribution of suspended sediment. The holocam, deployed with …
An Attentional Control Task Reduces Intrusive Thoughts About Smoking., Jon May, Jackie Andrade, Kimberley Willoughby, Chris Brown
An Attentional Control Task Reduces Intrusive Thoughts About Smoking., Jon May, Jackie Andrade, Kimberley Willoughby, Chris Brown
School of Psychology
INTRODUCTION: Attentional control tasks such as body scanning and following isometric exercise instructions have been shown to reduce smoking cravings, apparently by reducing stress (Ussher, M., Cropley, M., Playle, S., Mohidin, R., & West, R. [2009]. Effect of isometric exercise and body scanning on cigarette cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Addiction, 104, 1251-1257. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02605.x). Related work based upon elaborated intrusion theory (Kavanagh, D. J., Andrade, J., & May, J. [2005]. Imaginary relish and exquisite torture: The elaborated intrusion theory of desire. Psychological Review, 112, 446-467. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.112.2.446) has shown that similar tasks can reduce hungry participants' involuntary food-related thoughts (May, J., Andrade, …
The Effects Of Label Design Characteristics On Perceptions Of Genetically Modified Food, E. Hellier, M. Tucker, L. Newbold, J. Edworthy, J. Griffin, N. Coulson
The Effects Of Label Design Characteristics On Perceptions Of Genetically Modified Food, E. Hellier, M. Tucker, L. Newbold, J. Edworthy, J. Griffin, N. Coulson
School of Psychology
No abstract provided.
Ocular Morbidity Among Children Attending Government And Private Schools Of Kathmandu Valley, Rk Shrestha, Mr Joshi, R Ghising, A Rizyal
Ocular Morbidity Among Children Attending Government And Private Schools Of Kathmandu Valley, Rk Shrestha, Mr Joshi, R Ghising, A Rizyal
School of Health Professions
Introduction: Children from the developing world are more prone to going blind from avoidable and preventable causes. In Nepal, children in private schools are reported to have a higher ocular morbidity than those in government schools, with myopia being the major cause of the morbidity. This study was designed to evaluate ocular morbidity in students from both types of school. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, comparative study among students from government and private schools of Kathmandu. Eye examination was carried out evaluating visual acuity, color vision, refractive status, binocular vision status, and anterior and posterior segment findings. Results: A total …
What Does A Role Model Australian Primary School Health And Physical Education (Hpe) Programme Look Like?, Tj Lynch
Plymouth Institute of Education
The Teresa Carlson Award is the Australian Council for Health and Physical Education (ACHPER) Queensland’s most prestigious. Dr. Teresa Carlson was an outstanding academic, teacher and ACHPER Queensland State President. The annual recipient is an ACHPER member who is dedicated to the teaching of Health and Physical Education (HPE) and the promotion of its benefits within the community. The award began in 2004 and recipients have included the likes of Professor Doune Macdonald, Head of the School of Human Movement Studies at the University of Queensland. From the seven recipients, one was chosen for their significant contribution specifically within a …
Probiotic Bacterial Strains Differentially Modulate Macrophage Cytokine Production In A Strain-Dependent And Cell Subset-Specific Manner., N. Habil, W. Al-Murrani, J. Beal, A. D. Foey
Probiotic Bacterial Strains Differentially Modulate Macrophage Cytokine Production In A Strain-Dependent And Cell Subset-Specific Manner., N. Habil, W. Al-Murrani, J. Beal, A. D. Foey
School of Biomedical Sciences
Gut mucosal macrophages play a pivotal role in driving mucosal immune responses, resulting in either activation of inflammatory immune responses to pathogenic challenge or tolerance to beneficial luminal contents such as food and commensal bacteria. Macrophage responses elicited are dependent on tissue environment and the resulting cell subset, where homeostatic macrophages resemble the M2 macrophage subset and inflammatory macrophages resemble M1s. Probiotics can modulate macrophage function with outcome dependent on subset present. Using a THP-1 monocyte cell line-derived model of CD14high/low M1 and M2 macrophages, the aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of a panel of …
Hypoxia-Driven Cell Motility Reflects The Interplay Between Jmy And Hif-1Α, As Coutts, Im Pires, L Weston, Fm Buffa, Et Al
Hypoxia-Driven Cell Motility Reflects The Interplay Between Jmy And Hif-1Α, As Coutts, Im Pires, L Weston, Fm Buffa, Et Al
School of Biomedical Sciences
Junction-mediating and regulatory protein (JMY) is a novel p53 cofactor that regulates p53 activity during stress. JMY interacts with p300/CBP, which are ubiquitous transcriptional co-activators that interact with a variety of sequence-specific transcription factors, including hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). In addition, JMY is an actin-nucleating protein, which, through its WH2 domains, stimulates cell motility. In this study, we show that JMY is upregulated during hypoxia in a HIF-1α-dependent manner. The JMY gene contains HIF-responsive elements in its promoter region and HIF-1α is recruited to its promoter during hypoxia. HIF-1α drives transcription of JMY, which accounts for its induction under hypoxia. Moreover, …
Toxic Marine Microalgae And Shellfish Poisoning In The British Isles: History, Review Of Epidemiology, And Future Implications, Sl Hinder, Gc Hays, Cj Brooks, Ap Davies, Et Al
Toxic Marine Microalgae And Shellfish Poisoning In The British Isles: History, Review Of Epidemiology, And Future Implications, Sl Hinder, Gc Hays, Cj Brooks, Ap Davies, Et Al
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
The relationship between toxic marine microalgae species and climate change has become a high profile and well discussed topic in recent years, with research focusing on the possible future impacts of changing hydrological conditions on Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) species around the world. However, there is very little literature concerning the epidemiology of these species on marine organisms and human health. Here, we examine the current state of toxic microalgae species around the UK, in two ways: first we describe the key toxic syndromes and gather together the disparate reported data on their epidemiology from UK records and monitoring procedures. …
Social Behaviour In Captive Reticulated Giraffes (Giraffa Camelopardalis Reticulata): Analysis Of Enclosure Use And Social Interactions Between Giraffes Housed At Whipsnade Zoo, Stephanie Perry
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Wild giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) herds have been described as random associations of individuals, but recent research has suggested that giraffe do form social bonds and have a complex social structure. The aims of this investigation were to determine whether a group of three captive giraffe associated randomly or patterned their behaviour and proximity in a way that suggests social relationships. Also to analyse how the giraffe use their enclosure in order for the zoo to develop the enrichment program to encourage the giraffe to use the enclosure more equally. Index of association and maintenance of proximity were used to analyse …
The Invasive Biology Of The Talitrid Amphipod Platorchestia Platensis In North West Europe, Rebekah Simpson
The Invasive Biology Of The Talitrid Amphipod Platorchestia Platensis In North West Europe, Rebekah Simpson
The Plymouth Student Scientist
The talitrid amphipod Platorchestia platensis (Kröyer, 1845) is an invasive species which has been spreading along European coasts over the last 150 years. This paper will review what is known of the distribution of P. platensis to date, before discussing potential distribution methods, evaluating potential management strategies and providing a perspective on the future distribution of this species. Despite P. platensis having worldwide distribution, very little is known about its invasive history. It has been established that the most likely methods of dispersal for P. platensis are on currents and in ballast water, though further research is needed. Although dispersal …
Endotoxin Tolerance And The Immune System, Elyce Marshfield
Endotoxin Tolerance And The Immune System, Elyce Marshfield
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Endotoxin tolerance is a phenomenon known to cause innate immune cells, like macrophages, to produce a decreased pro-inflammatory response to a pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP), like LPS, after pre-stimulation. Innate immune cells involved have thought to be primarily monocytes/macrophages but evidence has been found for involvement of dendritic cells, neutrophils and T cells. The molecular mechanisms of endotoxin tolerance are vague. However, negative regulators such as SOCS1, IRAK-M and SHIP are believed to play a large role, along with the down-regulation of TLR4 on cell surface and gene re-programming. Clinically, sepsis is a major model of endotoxin tolerance due …
The Effects Of Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Sports Drinks On Performance And Physiological Function During An 8km Cycle Time Trial, Jack Hornsby
The Effects Of Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Sports Drinks On Performance And Physiological Function During An 8km Cycle Time Trial, Jack Hornsby
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Background: Supplementation in the form of sports drinks has in latter years become an integral part of professional and amateur exercise. Currently much of the research is directed at carbohydrate-electrolyte (CE) drink supplementation for exercises lasting one hour or above and has been shown to improve performance. However the effects of supplementation prior to and during intense, short term exercise on performance is less understood. Therefore the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of ingesting different CE drinks prior and during exercise on an 8km time trial (TT) performance against a placebo. Methods: Fifteen male subjects …
Undergraduate Student To Postgraduate Teacher: Reflections From Both Sides Of The Coin, Daniel Zahra
Undergraduate Student To Postgraduate Teacher: Reflections From Both Sides Of The Coin, Daniel Zahra
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Guest Editorial from Dr Daniel Zahra
The Effect Of An Invasive Species On Predation Rates Upon Intertidal Barnacles, Rachel Linaker
The Effect Of An Invasive Species On Predation Rates Upon Intertidal Barnacles, Rachel Linaker
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Non-indigenous species invasions are considered a large threat to native biota however the effects of which have been relatively understudied with respect to intertidal systems. Current literature surrounds the movement of species, however relatively little attempt has been made to quantify the effect. Using the invasive oyster drill Ocenebra erinacea and the native dogwhelk Nucella lapillus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of an invasive species‟ on predation rates over a one-week period feeding on the intertidal barnacle Chthamalus montagui. This was conducted by testing for the effects of increased conspecific density (abundance increase) and biodiversity (species number/identity) against …
3d Surface Topography And Reflectivity Of Anisotropic Etched Silicon Micromirrors For Biomems, Re Mackay, N Lionis, Hr Le
3d Surface Topography And Reflectivity Of Anisotropic Etched Silicon Micromirrors For Biomems, Re Mackay, N Lionis, Hr Le
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
This paper examines wet and dry fabrication of vertical micro-mirrors in (110) silicon for use in an innovative BioMEMS integrating gripping and micro force sensing functionalities. Wet anisotropic chemical etching in potassium hydroxide (KOH) and tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH) with and without isopropanol alcohol (IPA) additive was examined. Deep Reactive Ion Etched samples were produced using inductive coupled process. 3D surface roughness of samples was examined using scanning electron microscope, interferometric profilometer and atomic force microscopy. An optic fiber displacement sensor was exploited to measure the reflectivity of uncoated or coated samples with evaporated metallic thin film. The research aimed …
Anxiety: An Evolutionary Approach, M Bateson, B Brilot, D Nettle
Anxiety: An Evolutionary Approach, M Bateson, B Brilot, D Nettle
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental illnesses, with huge attendant suffering. Current treatments are not universally effective, suggesting that a deeper understanding of the causes of anxiety is needed. To understand anxiety disorders better, it is first necessary to understand the normal anxiety response. This entails considering its evolutionary function as well as the mechanisms underlying it. We argue that the function of the human anxiety response, and homologues in other species, is to prepare the individual to detect and deal with threats. We use a signal detection framework to show that the threshold for expressing the anxiety …
Experimentally Controlled Downregulation Of The Histone Chaperone Fact InPlasmodium BergheiReveals That It Is Critical To Male Gamete Fertility, Ec Laurentino, S Taylor, Gr Mair, E Lasonder, Et Al
Experimentally Controlled Downregulation Of The Histone Chaperone Fact InPlasmodium BergheiReveals That It Is Critical To Male Gamete Fertility, Ec Laurentino, S Taylor, Gr Mair, E Lasonder, Et Al
School of Biomedical Sciences
Human FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription) consists of the proteins SPT16 and SSRP1 and acts as a histone chaperone in the (dis)assembly of nucleosome (and thereby chromatin) structure during transcription and DNA replication. We identified a Plasmodium berghei protein, termed FACT-L, with homology to the SPT16 subunit of FACT. Epitope tagging of FACT-L showed nuclear localization with high expression in the nuclei of (activated) male gametocytes. The gene encoding FACT-L could not be deleted indicating an essential role during blood-stage development. Using a 'promoter-swap' approach whereby the fact-l promoter was replaced by an 'asexual blood stage-specific' promoter that is silent in …
Butyrate Regulation Of Distinct Macrophage Subsets: Opposing Effects On M1 And M2 Macrophages, Ad Foey
Butyrate Regulation Of Distinct Macrophage Subsets: Opposing Effects On M1 And M2 Macrophages, Ad Foey
School of Biomedical Sciences
Mucosal tolerance is central to efficient gastrointestinal tract function, tolerating food and commensal bacteria, whilst maintaining immune responsiveness to pathogens. Mucosal macrophages play a pivotal role in tolerance; whereas in inflammatory bowel disease, dysfunctional macrophages lead to tolerance breakdown, whereby commensals perpetuate inflammation. Macrophage subsets however, determine effector function: M1s are pro-inflammatory whereas M2s are antiinflammatory/regulatory. In addition to commensal bacteria, butyrate, a short chain fatty acid probiotic metabolite, may also modulate macrophage-mediated tolerance. The human monocytic cell line, THP-1, was used to investigate butyrate immunoregulation in M1 and M2 macrophages, generated by monocyte differentiation in the presence of PMA …
Space Makers Or Space Cadets Exploring Children's Perceptions Of Space And Place In The Context Of A Dublin Primary School, A Loxley, B O'Leary, Sj Minton
Space Makers Or Space Cadets Exploring Children's Perceptions Of Space And Place In The Context Of A Dublin Primary School, A Loxley, B O'Leary, Sj Minton
School of Psychology
This paper discusses two interconnected themes: (1) the variegated role of space in primary school architecture; and (2), the perception of this space as a lived phenomenon from the perspective of pupils. In this context, space is not seen as being synonymous with the physical properties of a school (although this does exert an influence), but as an 'active ingredient' through which a particular social order is produced and sustained. Echoing the work of Lefebvre's (1991) triadic conceptualisation of space, Markus's (1993) meshing of architecture and power (via Foucault, 1991a, 1991b), certain extensions of ecological/ecosystemic theories of child and adolescent …
Influence Of Affluence On Sustainable Housing In Mysore, India, Bk Satish, J Brennan, R Pedreschi
Influence Of Affluence On Sustainable Housing In Mysore, India, Bk Satish, J Brennan, R Pedreschi
School of Art, Design and Architecture
Mysore, the second largest city in the state of Karnataka, India, can be identified as an early adopter of sustainable design practices. Between 1903 and 1947 the use of local construction materials, the Swadeshi movement of 1905, robust planning and clear legislation resulted in sustainable urban development. However, post-colonial development fuelled by economic globalisation after the 1980s has transformed perceptions of the house among the growing middle class, becoming a commodity to demonstrate affluence and status. This paper examines the impact of changing social and cultural values on the aspirations of the growing middle classes on sustainable housing and neighbourhood …
Testing The Dorsal Stream Attention Hypothesis: Electrophysiological Correlates And The Effects Of Ventral Stream Damage, Narisa E. Marrett, Lee H. De-Wit, Matthew E. Roser, Robert W. Kentridge, A. David Milner, Anthony J. Lambert
Testing The Dorsal Stream Attention Hypothesis: Electrophysiological Correlates And The Effects Of Ventral Stream Damage, Narisa E. Marrett, Lee H. De-Wit, Matthew E. Roser, Robert W. Kentridge, A. David Milner, Anthony J. Lambert
School of Psychology
No abstract provided.
Effect Of Exercise Referral Schemes In Primary Care On Physical Activity And Improving Health Outcomes: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., T. G. Pavey, Ah Taylor, K. R. Fox, M. Hillsdon, N. Anokye, J. L. Campbell, C. Foster, C. Green, T. Moxham, N. Mutrie, J. Searle, P. Trueman, Rs Taylor
Effect Of Exercise Referral Schemes In Primary Care On Physical Activity And Improving Health Outcomes: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., T. G. Pavey, Ah Taylor, K. R. Fox, M. Hillsdon, N. Anokye, J. L. Campbell, C. Foster, C. Green, T. Moxham, N. Mutrie, J. Searle, P. Trueman, Rs Taylor
Peninsula Medical School
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of exercise referral schemes on physical activity and health outcomes. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and ongoing trial registries up to October 2009. We also checked study references. Study selection Design: randomised controlled trials or non-randomised controlled (cluster or individual) studies published in peer review journals. POPULATION: sedentary individuals with or without medical diagnosis. Exercise referral schemes defined as: clear referrals by primary care professionals to third party service providers to increase physical activity or exercise, physical activity or exercise programmes tailored to …
Effect Of Exercise Referral Schemes In Primary Care On Physical Activity And Improving Health Outcomes: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., T. G. Pavey, Ah Taylor, K. R. Fox, M. Hillsdon, N. Anokye, J. L. Campbell, C. Foster, C. Green, T. Moxham, N. Mutrie, J. Searle, P. Trueman, Rs Taylor
Effect Of Exercise Referral Schemes In Primary Care On Physical Activity And Improving Health Outcomes: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., T. G. Pavey, Ah Taylor, K. R. Fox, M. Hillsdon, N. Anokye, J. L. Campbell, C. Foster, C. Green, T. Moxham, N. Mutrie, J. Searle, P. Trueman, Rs Taylor
Peninsula Medical School
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of exercise referral schemes on physical activity and health outcomes. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and ongoing trial registries up to October 2009. We also checked study references. Study selection Design: randomised controlled trials or non-randomised controlled (cluster or individual) studies published in peer review journals. POPULATION: sedentary individuals with or without medical diagnosis. Exercise referral schemes defined as: clear referrals by primary care professionals to third party service providers to increase physical activity or exercise, physical activity or exercise programmes tailored to …
Identification And Expression Analysis Of Cbf/Dreb1 And Cor15 Genes In Mutants Of Brassica Oleracea Var. Botrytis With Enhanced Proline Production And Frost Resistance, F Hadi, M Gilpin, Mp Fuller
Identification And Expression Analysis Of Cbf/Dreb1 And Cor15 Genes In Mutants Of Brassica Oleracea Var. Botrytis With Enhanced Proline Production And Frost Resistance, F Hadi, M Gilpin, Mp Fuller
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Frost resistant mutants of Brassica oleracea var. botrytis were investigated for the presence of CBF/DREB1 and COR15a gene products and induced frost resistance. Total RNA of clones was isolated after 3 h, 6 h, 24 h and 14 d acclimation at 4 °C and proteins and free proline were isolated after 14 d acclimation. cDNA was produced using RT-PCR and the first CBF gene in B. oleracea detected and did quantify. Through SDS-PAGE and Western blotting, the COR15a protein was detected for the first time in B. oleracea. The results confirmed the first report of the presence of BoCBF/DREB1 in …