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Articles 10411 - 10440 of 11821
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Allotments And Alternative Food Networks: The Case Of Plymouth, Uk, Wendy M Miller
Allotments And Alternative Food Networks: The Case Of Plymouth, Uk, Wendy M Miller
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses
Alternative food networks (AFNs) are the focus of an ‘explosive growth’ of research in Europe (Goodman 2004), and the term covers a wide range of activities, from food banks, community gardens, and farmers’ markets, to community supported or organic agriculture. However, there is an impasse in differing positions over whether AFNs represent an exclusionary place-based ‘quality turn’ (Ilbery and Kneafsey 2000), or whether they contribute to inclusive local communities, sustainability and food security (Tregear 2011, Kirwan and Maye 2013). This research aimed to clarify these debates, through exploration of UK allotments as a benchmark for AFNs, using the case of …
Effects Of The Late Permian Mass Extinction On Chondrichthyan Palaeobiodiversity And Distribution Patterns, Martha Hall
Effects Of The Late Permian Mass Extinction On Chondrichthyan Palaeobiodiversity And Distribution Patterns, Martha Hall
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses
The Late Permian mass extinction occurring at 252.6 ± 0.2 Ma is the most severe Phanerozoic extinction event and was preceded and followed by additional disturbances. Patterns and processes of extinction and recovery of marine vertebrates have been little studied compared to marine invertebrates. This project focuses on Chondrichthyes, which, together with other marine fish, appeared to have been relatively unaffected by the extinction, while most of their supporting ecosystem collapsed. This study explores the authenticity of extinction among chondrichthyans and possible explanations for the observed patterns, because extinction severities on the taxonomic and ecological levels may be decoupled or …
Patients' Inability To Perform A Preoperative Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test Or Demonstrate An Anaerobic Threshold Is Associated With Inferior Outcomes After Major Colorectal Surgery, C. W. Lai, G. Minto, C. P. Challand, K. B. Hosie, J. R. Sneyd, S. Creanor, R. A. Struthers
Patients' Inability To Perform A Preoperative Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test Or Demonstrate An Anaerobic Threshold Is Associated With Inferior Outcomes After Major Colorectal Surgery, C. W. Lai, G. Minto, C. P. Challand, K. B. Hosie, J. R. Sneyd, S. Creanor, R. A. Struthers
More Faculty of Health Research
Background. Surgical patients with poor functional capacity, determined by oxygen consumption at anaerobic threshold (AT) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), experience longer hospital stays and worse short- and medium-term survival. However, previous studies excluded patients who were unable to perform a CPET or who failed to demonstrate an AT. We hypothesized that such patients are at risk of inferior outcomes after elective surgery. Methods. All patients undergoing major colorectal surgery attempted CPET to assist in the planning of care. Patients were stratified by their test results into Fit (AT ≥ 11.0 mlO2 kg-1 min-1), Unfit (AT …
Industrialising Software Development In Systems Integration, Matthias Ernst Minich
Industrialising Software Development In Systems Integration, Matthias Ernst Minich
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses
Compared to other disciplines, software engineering as of today is still dependent on craftsmanship of highly-skilled workers. However, with constantly increasing complexity and efforts, existing software engineering approaches appear more and more inefficient. A paradigm shift towards industrial production methods seems inevitable. Recent advances in academia and practice have lead to the availability of industrial key principles in software development as well. Specialization is represented in software product lines, standardization and systematic reuse are available with component-based development, and automation has become accessible through model-driven engineering. While each of the above is well researched in theory, only few cases of …
Developing Systemically-Oriented Secondary Care Mental Health Servicess, Frank Robert Burbach
Developing Systemically-Oriented Secondary Care Mental Health Servicess, Frank Robert Burbach
Other Faculty of Health Theses
Research has indicated that offering support and services for people who experience mental health problems and their families is a complex and contested area. Despite the controversies surrounding therapeutic interventions with families, it has now been recognised that relatives and other supporters of people with mental health problems should be included in their care. Whole- family interventions and partnership working with carers and families is now central to secondary care UK mental health policies and clinical practice guidelines. However, for many families/ carers this remains an aspiration rather than a reality. The way in which we successfully developed family focused …
Personal Budgets For All? An Action Research Study On Implementing Self-Directed Support In Mental Health Services, Sherrie Hitchen
Personal Budgets For All? An Action Research Study On Implementing Self-Directed Support In Mental Health Services, Sherrie Hitchen
Other Faculty of Health Theses
Background: The recent political agenda for health and social care requires more client-centred, personalised services. Self-Directed Support, encompassing Direct Payments and Personal Budgets, is designed to provide people with more choice and control over how their needs and outcomes are met. Personal budgets are available for eligible people however take-up is low in mental health services. Research Aims: The study was set in an NHS Health and Social care Trust covering a large predominantly rural area.The aims of this study were: (1) to develop Self-Directed Support within one mental health Trust and; (2) understand more fully service user and carer …
Clinical Reasoning And Causal Attribution In Medical Diagnosis, Linda Adams
Clinical Reasoning And Causal Attribution In Medical Diagnosis, Linda Adams
Other Faculty of Health Theses
Forming a medical diagnosis is a complicated reasoning process undertaken by physicians. Although there has been much research focusing on clinical reasoning approaches, there is limited empirical evidence in relation to causal attribution in medical diagnosis. The research on which this thesis is based explored and examined the social process of medical diagnosis and provides an explanation of the clinical reasoning and causal attribution used by physicians. The research was undertaken in an Emergency Department within an acute hospital, the data were collected using mixed method approach including one to one semi-structured interviews with individual physicians; observation of their medical …
Geographic Information Systems (Gis) In Higher Education: A Study Of Provision, Pedagogy And Employability In The United Kingdom And Turkey, Mehmet Seremet
Geographic Information Systems (Gis) In Higher Education: A Study Of Provision, Pedagogy And Employability In The United Kingdom And Turkey, Mehmet Seremet
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are computer-based systems designed to store, organize, analyse and present spatial data. They can be used to help understand and answer a wide variety of problems in fields such as environmental management, resource planning and retail location and development. This thesis aims to explore the GIS education provided within university Geography departments (or units) in both the UK and Turkey. The main topics for investigation are the nature and scale of the GIS provision, the principal characteristic of the teaching, learning and assessment processes and also graduate employability – how far the courses and their students …
Suicide In Adults Aged 75 And Over In Cornwall: An Epidemiological And Case Study Analysis, Sarah Buckingham
Suicide In Adults Aged 75 And Over In Cornwall: An Epidemiological And Case Study Analysis, Sarah Buckingham
School of Nursing and Midwifery Theses
Introduction/Background: Suicide in older people is a historically neglected research area. Local audits had suggested that Cornwall had a higher than average suicide rate, and people aged 75 years and over appeared to be at particularly high risk. Heterogeneity between studies and variations in presenting suicide statistics can make comparison of rates difficult. Aims: The study aimed to explore in depth the epidemiology of suicide in elderly people in Cornwall, to develop an understanding of the risk factors (including sources of stress), suicide methods, locations, and warnings, and consequently to identify potential preventive strategies. Methods: A mixed methods approach was …
The Impact Of British Military Foreign Postings On Accompanying Spouses, Gillian Blakely
The Impact Of British Military Foreign Postings On Accompanying Spouses, Gillian Blakely
School of Nursing and Midwifery Theses
In this thesis I report an investigation into the psychological, emotional and social impact of British military foreign postings on accompanying spouses. I adopted an ethnographic methodology utilising a four phase mixed method approach consisting of one quantitative and three qualitative components. The thesis was based on research data collected in Phase 1 from a systematic review of British and US military research focusing on the experiences of accompanying spouses on overseas postings. Data from Phase 2 focused on the experiences from 34 British military spouses based in one location in southern Europe and were collected via individual interviews or …
A Right To A Child Of One's Own? The Legal Justification In Limiting Access To Assisted Reproductive Treatment, Rebecca O'Connor
A Right To A Child Of One's Own? The Legal Justification In Limiting Access To Assisted Reproductive Treatment, Rebecca O'Connor
The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review
The revolution in IVF treatment in recent years has resulted in the conception of over 4 million babies worldwide prompting stricter legal regulation and control of medical practice. This article explores the demand and availability for IVF, and how international and domestic legislation operates and applies in relation to the notion of 'a right to a child.' It considers whether there is, or should be, an established right to such treatment and the extent to which interferences by the state to prohibit or limit assisted reproductive treatments are legitimately justified.
We Are A Family: Legal Issues For Lesbian And Gay Parented Families In New Zealand, Janette Kelly, Nicola Surtees
We Are A Family: Legal Issues For Lesbian And Gay Parented Families In New Zealand, Janette Kelly, Nicola Surtees
The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review
This article summarises research commissioned by the New Zealand Families Commission to gain a better understanding and awareness of the legal position of gay parented families and donor parents compared to heteronormative families. The research and discussion raise issues about the limits and parameters of legal parenthood rights, responsibilities and liabilities and draws some analogies with English law in this respect.
Editorial, Kim Stevenson, Lesley Simmonds
Editorial, Kim Stevenson, Lesley Simmonds
The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review
No abstract provided.
Why Is There Lack Of Recognition For British Children Who Are Victim To Internal Trafficking For Sexual Exploitation?, Anne Westcott
Why Is There Lack Of Recognition For British Children Who Are Victim To Internal Trafficking For Sexual Exploitation?, Anne Westcott
The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review
Child trafficking has been conceptualised as 'modern day slavery'. Slavery has been held up as the worst possible exploitation in human history (Lee, 2007). For more than 20 years UK governments have ratified United Nation Conventions and Protocols and rescheduled laws in its effort to eradicate this crime. However, despite such political commitment, in reality thousands of British children are still victims to internal trafficking for sexual exploitation in the UK today. Over the last 10 years the UK government has employed agencies, in the shape of the UK Human Trafficking Centre (UKHTC), the National Referral Mechanism (NRM) and the …
Exploring 'Practical' Conceptions Of The Role Of The Criminal Defence Lawyer: A Methodological Overview, Tom Smith
The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review
This article examines the methodology behind an empirical study investigating the 'real life' role of criminal defence lawyers and their approach to ethical conflict resolution. Using a normative conceptual framework entitled the 'zealous advocate' model, the study involved interviews with defence practitioners. A central feature of the interviews was a method known as the 'vignette technique', which used hypothetical scenarios to simulate realistic 'conflict' situations for respondents to consider. This article summarises the theory behind the study, examines the methodological issues of empirical research with lawyers, examines the benefits and limitations of the 'vignette technique', and details the construction of …
A Problem Shared...?' Some Reflections On Problem Solving Courts And Court Innovation In Australia, Harry Blagg
A Problem Shared...?' Some Reflections On Problem Solving Courts And Court Innovation In Australia, Harry Blagg
The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review
There has been growing interest in recent years in developing 'non-adversarial' forms of court based justice, and exploring the potential for courts to take a lead role in resolving the underlying issues that ensure repeated contact with the justice system for particular groups. Problem Oriented Courts, such as community courts, drug courts, family violence courts and the like, originated in the USA but have taken root in societies across the globe. This article emerges primarily out of research and policy development work intended to inform an initiative in Victoria Australia called the Next Generation Courts initiative, which sought mainstream the …
The Uncertainty Of Article 8 Echr In Relation To The Removal Of Foreign Criminals, Lucy Nash
The Uncertainty Of Article 8 Echr In Relation To The Removal Of Foreign Criminals, Lucy Nash
The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review
This article highlights concerns regarding judicial interpretations and understandings of the application of Article 8 European Convention on Human Rights to control the deportation of foreign criminals from the United Kingdom. It examines the broad scope of the provision arguing that it is somewhat unclear, vague and unpredictable for those seeking to rely on it.
The Recognition Of State Crime And The Syrian Uprising, Nicholas Smith
The Recognition Of State Crime And The Syrian Uprising, Nicholas Smith
The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review
This study aims to establish why state crime is not always recognised as such. The criminological analysis of state crime is a fledgling field of interest, although over the past decade there have been significant developments. As a result of these recent developments it is possible to theoretically interact with state crime. Through theoretical engagement, within a real life context, the phenomenon of recognition of state crime is explored. A case study of the recognition of state crime during the first 15 months of the Syrian uprising provides the real life context. An 'adaptive theory' approach is adopted promoting the …
Reflections On Restorative Justice Conference - 'Creating A More Transparent, Responsive And Effective Criminal Justice System', Gareth Addidle
Reflections On Restorative Justice Conference - 'Creating A More Transparent, Responsive And Effective Criminal Justice System', Gareth Addidle
The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review
No abstract provided.
Pregnant And In Prison: Can The Quality Of Services Provided Affect The Overall Perception Of Being Pregnant In Prison?, Peter Chatten
Pregnant And In Prison: Can The Quality Of Services Provided Affect The Overall Perception Of Being Pregnant In Prison?, Peter Chatten
The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review
The suicides of six women within a year at Styal Prison in 2006 (Prison Reform Trust: 2010) lead the Government to appoint Baroness Jean Corston to undertake a review of women with particular vulnerabilities in the criminal justice system. The result? The Corston Report, a document with recommendations for a new woman-centred approach in dealing with female offending. Whilst this was a progressive movement, one particular minority of prisoners received little mention – pregnant women. With no official statistics on the number of pregnant women in prison, they become a difficult group to provide services for even though they are …
The Adoption Of Disabled Children, Sarah Bunt
The Adoption Of Disabled Children, Sarah Bunt
Other Faculty of Health Theses
The research has set out to examine the motives that contribute towards the decision to adopt a disabled child. Increased knowledge about placing disabled children for adoption is particularly important as they are regarded as the category hardest to place (Adoption Register 2009). Despite the wide gaps in knowledge, the negativity associated with the social construction of disability has been seen as a cause of disabled children’s disadvantage (Cousins 2009). Synthesising a Critical Realist framework with Grounded Theory methods; to examine both the efforts of local authorities to place a disabled child for adoption, as well as the narratives of …
An Investigation Of The Mechanism(S) Of Hyperoxia-Induced Cilial Epithelial Loss In Mammalian Bronchial Tissue, Hanady Abd Al-Sahib
An Investigation Of The Mechanism(S) Of Hyperoxia-Induced Cilial Epithelial Loss In Mammalian Bronchial Tissue, Hanady Abd Al-Sahib
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
Hyperoxia is an essential aid to life support in patients with severe respiratory failure. However, it is recognised as a contributor to the pathological consequences of oxidative stress including oxidative tissue damage, inflammation and cell death resulting in acute or chronic lung injury. The specific mechanisms behind this type of injury are still not completely understood. This study was undertaken with two main aims. Firstly, to evaluate the adverse effects of hyperoxia on the ciliary coverage using a novel large animal model. For the first time, an in vitro bronchus bovine tissue culture model was developed and used to quantify …
Waves, Currents And Sediment Transport Modelling At The Wave Hub Site, Raul Gonzalez-Santamaria
Waves, Currents And Sediment Transport Modelling At The Wave Hub Site, Raul Gonzalez-Santamaria
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
This research project uses an integrated modelling system to investigate the effects of a wave farm on nearshore sediment transport at the Wave Hub site. The Wave Hub project is a large scale demonstration site for the development of the operation of arrays of wave energy generation devices located at the southwest coast of the UK where multiple field measurements took place. Particular attention of this study was paid to the interaction between waves and tides due the presence of the wave farm and its effects on radiation stress, bottom stress, and consequently on the sediment transport and the coast …
Energy Based Control System Designs For Underactuated Robot Fish Propulsion, Daniel Roper
Energy Based Control System Designs For Underactuated Robot Fish Propulsion, Daniel Roper
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
In nature through millions of years of evolution fish and cetaceans have developed fast efficient and highly manoeuvrable methods of marine propulsion. A recent explosion in demand for sub sea robotics, for conducting tasks such as sub sea exploration and survey has left developers desiring to capture some of the novel mechanisms evolved by fish and cetaceans to increase the efficiency of speed and manoeuvrability of sub sea robots. Research has revealed that interactions with vortices and other unsteady fluid effects play a significant role in the efficiency of fish and cetaceans. However attempts to duplicate this with robotic fish …
Predictable Feeding In Zoos: Research Methods And Behavioural Effects, Joanna Newbolt
Predictable Feeding In Zoos: Research Methods And Behavioural Effects, Joanna Newbolt
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
The behaviour of zoo animals can come to anticipate temporally predictable feeding times. However, there is a lack of consensus over the effects of such routines on behaviour and welfare. Few studies have been published in this area, perhaps in part due to methodological challenges. The current programme of work therefore aimed to extend knowledge on the effect of predictable feeding routines, and to develop a suitable methodology to overcome challenges. Prior to predictable feeding, tigers showed patterns of increased ‘active’ behaviours such as locomotion and pacing, and decreased inactivity. Geckos also showed increased ‘active’ behaviours such as locomotion and …
An Investigation Into The Effects Of Traditional Neuromuscular Training Vs Rider Specific Training On Novice Rider Position, Eleanor Boden
An Investigation Into The Effects Of Traditional Neuromuscular Training Vs Rider Specific Training On Novice Rider Position, Eleanor Boden
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
The equine industry and within it, the competition rider community, is increasingly acknowledging that rider strength and fitness is vital in achieving the best results in competition. The sport of horse riding is described as unique in its posture and motion patterns and cannot be easily be compared to the actions of any other athletic endeavour. There are several factors that cause a horse to not move correctly, the most common being an unbalanced rider. Other sporting disciplines are more aware of the potential of the utilisation of additional methods to improve performance, for example Pilates is commonly used to …
Optimisation Of Shot Peening For 12cr Steel In Steam Turbine Blade Applications, Mark Newby
Optimisation Of Shot Peening For 12cr Steel In Steam Turbine Blade Applications, Mark Newby
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
Power generation in thermal stations typically relies on large steam turbines. The corrosion resistant steel blades used in the last stage of a typical low pressure rotor set are approximately 1m long and experience high centrifugal loading during service. They operate in a wet steam environment, at approximately 60°C while rotating at 3000rpm, and failure modes include high and low cycle fatigue, stress corrosion cracking or corrosion fatigue. The blades are retained by a fir tree root which is normally shot-peened to generate compressive residual stresses that resist crack initiation. Finite element (FE) modelling has indicated that, in the absence …
Investigating The Role Of Counterfactual Thinking In The Excess Choice Effect, Rebecca Jayne Hafner
Investigating The Role Of Counterfactual Thinking In The Excess Choice Effect, Rebecca Jayne Hafner
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
According to economic rational choice theory greater choice will deliver well-being by increasing the likelihood that individuals satisfy personal preferences (Mas-Colell, Whinston, & Green, 1995). Consequently, extensive choice has become a fundamental aspect of both consumer markets and public policy (Schwartz, 2000; 2004; Botti & Iyengar, 2006). Crucially however, recent psychological research has begun to challenge the assumption that more choice leads to greater well-being. In several instances evidence has been found that whilst some choice is good, more choice can lead to reduced post-decisional satisfaction (e.g. Iyengar & Lepper, 2000; Shar & Wolford, 2007; Reutskaja & Hogarth, 2009). This …
Interactions Between Porphyromonas Gingivalis And Macrophages In Oral Pathology, Louise A Belfield
Interactions Between Porphyromonas Gingivalis And Macrophages In Oral Pathology, Louise A Belfield
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
Macrophages play a fundamental role in driving both inflammatory and immunosuppressive conditions of the oral mucosa. Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of the teeth, is widely prevalent, affecting a large proportion of the global population, and has been linked to the development of systemic inflammatory diseases. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is placed sixth in the WHO rankings of cancer incidence worldwide, and despite continuing research into underlying mechanisms, incidence is on the rise. Aberrant macrophage function has been implicated in the pathogenesis of both diseases. On recruitment to sites of inflammation, macrophages become polarised within …
Investigation Of Baroclinic Tides In The Northern South China Sea, Chuncheng Guo
Investigation Of Baroclinic Tides In The Northern South China Sea, Chuncheng Guo
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
Baroclinic tides result from the interaction of barotropic tides with topography in stratified oceans. They play an important role in driving deep ocean mixing. In this research, investigations of the dynamics of baroclinic tides and internal solitary waves (ISWs) in the northern South China Sea (SCS) are conducted, mainly by means of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm). Firstly, simulations of internal wave generation at the Luzon Strait (LS) are carried out. By conducting three-dimensional (3D), high-resolution experiments, it was found that the generated wave field features a multi-modal structure: large, pronounced ISWs of first mode (amplitude …