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Middle To Late Holocene Sea-Level Change In Western Denmark : A Diatom-Based Study, Katie Szkornik Jan 2007

Middle To Late Holocene Sea-Level Change In Western Denmark : A Diatom-Based Study, Katie Szkornik

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Modem diatom assemblages and associated environmental variables were collected from six transects across the salt-marsh surface in the Ho Bugt embayment in western Denmark. The relationship between diatom assemblages and environmental variables (elevation, pH, salinity, loss on ignition, grain size) was explored using ordination techniques to assess the potential use of diatoms as sea-level indicators. Results for the two data sets analysed in ordinations indicate that elevation exerts a strong, independent and statistically significant influence on modem diatom distributions in the Ho Bugt embayment. Diatom-based transfer functions were subsequently developed to reconstruct changes in palaeomarsh-surface elevation based on the relationship …


Microbially-Mediated Methyl Iodide Cycling In A Particle-Rich Estuary, Noble Kwame Asare Jan 2007

Microbially-Mediated Methyl Iodide Cycling In A Particle-Rich Estuary, Noble Kwame Asare

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

The dynamics of aquatic systems (e.g. estuarine systems) are known to facilitate the formation of particle aggregates. These nutrient-rich particulate matter provide suitable substrate for bacteria colonization. Although bacteria-aggregate association is known to result in the degradation of particulate organic matter (POM) in aquatic systems, it has never been attributed to the production of methyl iodide (CH3I) (an environmentally important biogas that has the potential to impact on atmospheric chemistry). From literature, there are evidences which suggest that, certain bacteria (methylotrophs) are capable of oxidizing methyl halides including CH3I. Therefore this study investigates microbial production and removal of CH3I in …


Marine Biogeochemistry Studies Of Iron And Hydrogen Peroxide Using Flow Injection-Chemiluminescence, Angela Milne Jan 2007

Marine Biogeochemistry Studies Of Iron And Hydrogen Peroxide Using Flow Injection-Chemiluminescence, Angela Milne

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Iron is an essential micronutrient for the growth of planktonic species. It is an integral element of numerous enzymes and proteins with important functions in photosynthesis and respiratory electron transport. In contrast to iron, hydrogen peroxide (H202 is ubiquitous in seawater. Phytoplankton are known to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and H202 . This production, in conjunction with membrane bound reductases, may affect an organism's ability to access nutrients such as iron. The work presented in this thesis describes the development and optimisation of sensitive flow injection-chemiluminescence techniques to assess redox processes at the cellular level and …


The Experience Of Obesity, Its Treatment And Weight Loss: A Qualitative Study Of Overweight Couples, Brenda Potz Kieffer Jan 2007

The Experience Of Obesity, Its Treatment And Weight Loss: A Qualitative Study Of Overweight Couples, Brenda Potz Kieffer

Other Faculty of Health Theses

This study utilized a qualitative, phenomenological methodology to study obesity. The purpose was to better understand the experiences of obesity, treatment and weight loss from the perspectives of formerly obese individuals, their partners and as couples. The participants consisted of six couples mostly from rural communities. In each couple, at least one the partners had experienced weight fluctuations into the obese range and had achieved at least 50% of his or her weight loss goal. The couples participated in two semi-structured interviews, both individually and as couples. A genogram was constructed with each couple to help identify family of origin …


The Evolution Of Language Universals: Optimal Design And Adaptation, Huck Turner Jan 2007

The Evolution Of Language Universals: Optimal Design And Adaptation, Huck Turner

Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses

Inquiry into the evolution of syntactic universals is hampered by severe limitations on the available evidence. Theories of selective function nevertheless lead to predictions of local optimaliiy that can be tested scientifically. This thesis refines a diagnostic, originally proposed by Parker and Maynard Smith (1990), for identifying selective functions on this basis and applies it to the evolution of two syntactic universals: (I) the distinction between open and closed lexical classes, and (2) nested constituent structure. In the case of the former, it is argued that the selective role of the closed class items is primarily to minimise the amount …


The Transport And Fate Of Fluoxetine Hydrochloride, Diazepam And Their Human Metabolites In Sewage Sludge-Amended Soil, Clare Helen Redshaw Jan 2007

The Transport And Fate Of Fluoxetine Hydrochloride, Diazepam And Their Human Metabolites In Sewage Sludge-Amended Soil, Clare Helen Redshaw

Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses

The European Union (EU) banned disposal of sewage sludge (SS) at sea in 1998. Since that time the application rate of SS to land has risen significantly and is set to rise further. Fifty-two percent of SS was disposed to land in the UK in 2000. Land application is thus possibly an important transport route for SS-associated organic chemicals into the environment. There are now over 3000 different pharmaceutical ingredients in use in the EU and the last decade has also seen an increase in reports of pharmacologically active compounds in the environment (e.g. in watercourses, open ocean, soil). Regardless …


Shared Habitats: The Moverwitness Paradigm, Eila Goldhahn Jan 2007

Shared Habitats: The Moverwitness Paradigm, Eila Goldhahn

Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses

This practice-led research thesis analyses and visualises central components of Authentic Movement, with particular reference to the work of Dr Janet Adler. By contextualising and comparing this improvisation method with modern, post-modern and contemporary movement practices the author describes the emergence of Authentic Movement and distinguishes it from other practices. A new and original viewpoint is adopted and the practice's aesthetic, visual and empathetic characteristics are explored in relationship to and through visual art. The author, a learned Authentic Movement practitioner, critiques, deconstructs and reframes the practice from a visual arts- and performance-based, phenomenological perspective renaming it 'the MoverWitness exchange'. …


Gestures Towards Emptiness: An Exploration Of Ritual With Reference To Buddhist Tradition And Innovation, Luise Holtbernd Jan 2007

Gestures Towards Emptiness: An Exploration Of Ritual With Reference To Buddhist Tradition And Innovation, Luise Holtbernd

Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses

This thesis is a cross-relational enquiry into the nature of ritual as the subject of arts-based research. It can be described as ritual-led; or as an artist's manifestation of ritual. The core of the submission consists in an exhibition, comprising 30 pieces of framed, wall-hung artwork; 3 artist's books; some small-scale sculptural work and a documentary film. The research is concerned with parallel, related disciplines and modes of working: visual art, music, general ritual studies, pedagogy and the practice of Buddhist meditation and ritual. The following areas are being addressed: 1. The context of ritual in general, and Buddhist ritual …


The Lived Experiences Of Four Overweight Hispanic Adolescent Females, Wanda Lee Rhodes Jan 2007

The Lived Experiences Of Four Overweight Hispanic Adolescent Females, Wanda Lee Rhodes

Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses

The purpose of this study was to understand the lived experiences of four overweight/obese Hispanic adolescents as individuals by utilizing Social Cognitive Theory’s (SCT) (Bandura, 1977, 1986, & 1989) reciprocal interaction of the environment, personal factors and behaviors of the participants in order to investigate the health risk behaviors of the participants as they related to overweight and obesity. Additionally, the commonalities and differences across participants were examined. Four female Hispanic adolescents whose BMI measured at the 99th percentiles for age and gender were randomly chosen from students enrolled in a junior high school physical education intervention class. Experiences of …


Skill Mix In Primary Care : Patient, Professional And Management Perpectives, Christine Branson Jan 2007

Skill Mix In Primary Care : Patient, Professional And Management Perpectives, Christine Branson

Plymouth Business School Theses

Aim: This research is a study into the organisation and management of health services in Torbay Care Trust. It takes an overview of skill mix in primary care, considering the topic from the perspective of service recipients (patients), providers (professionals) and shapers and resourcers (management). The topic focuses on delegation and service diversification involving general practitioners, their directly employed team and community nurses attached to practices. Between and within the groups there are areas of agreement but also divergence of opinions and the key issues to be explored emerge from the literature. Approach: The study takes a combined case study, …


Environmental And Biological Consequences Of Microplastic Within Marine Habitats, Mark Anthony Browne Jan 2007

Environmental And Biological Consequences Of Microplastic Within Marine Habitats, Mark Anthony Browne

Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses

Large pieces of plastic greater than a millimetre in diameter contaminate marine habitats worldwide and the associated environmental problems are well documented. In addition tiny fragments of plastic debris less than a millimetre in size have recently been reported. This thesis examines the distribution and environmental consequences of microscopic particles of plastic within marine habitats. To quantify the relative influence of wind and depositional environment on the accumulation of plastic debris, a mensurative experiment was conducted in a macrotidal Estuary. The overall trend was that material accumulated in down-wind sites. However, the relative importance of wind as a transport agent …


Evaluating The Impact Of Organic Contamination Upon The Physiology Of The Shore Crab Carcinus Maenas (L.), Awantha Dissanayake Jan 2007

Evaluating The Impact Of Organic Contamination Upon The Physiology Of The Shore Crab Carcinus Maenas (L.), Awantha Dissanayake

Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses

This thesis has focused on answering fundamental questions regarding the 'normal' physiological ranges of the male shore crab Carcinus maenas. knowledge of the responses to environmental variables is needed before the effects of anthropogenic stress can be identified. Anthropogenic stress was imposed in the form of contamination by a ubiquitous priority pollutant of the aquatic environment (polyaromatic hydrocarbon, pyrene). The first hypothesis focused on identifying the physiological differences between juvenile and adult male shore crabs. Differences at the cellular level (cell and immune function) determined the relative contaminant sensitivity between the two ontogenetic stages, with juveniles expressing increased physiological sensitivity …


Towards A Phenomenological Theory Of The Visceral In The Interactive Arts, Diane J. Gromala Jan 2007

Towards A Phenomenological Theory Of The Visceral In The Interactive Arts, Diane J. Gromala

Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses

This thesis explores the ways in which certain forms of interactive art may and do elicit visceral responses. The term "visceral" refers to the cardiovascular, respiratory, uro-genital and especially excretory systems that affect mind and body on a continuum of awareness. The "visceral" is mentioned in the field of interactive arts, but it remains systematically unexplored and undefined. Further, interactive artworks predominantly focus on the exteroceptive (stimuli from outside) rather than the interoceptive (stimuli arising within the body, especially the viscera) senses. The existentialist phenomenology of Maurice Merleau-Ponty forms the basis for explorations of the visceral dimension of mind/body. New …


Behavioural Syndromes In Brook Charr, Salvelinus Fontinalis: Prey-Search In The Field Corresponds With Space Use In Novel Laboratory Situations, Alexander D.M. Wilson, Robert L. Mclaughlin Jan 2007

Behavioural Syndromes In Brook Charr, Salvelinus Fontinalis: Prey-Search In The Field Corresponds With Space Use In Novel Laboratory Situations, Alexander D.M. Wilson, Robert L. Mclaughlin

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Preserving Deep-Sea Natural Heritage: Emerging Issues In Offshore Conservation And Management, Aj Davies, Jm Roberts, J Hall-Spencer Jan 2007

Preserving Deep-Sea Natural Heritage: Emerging Issues In Offshore Conservation And Management, Aj Davies, Jm Roberts, J Hall-Spencer

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Corals On Seamounts, Ad Rogers, A Baco, H Griffiths, Jm Hall-Spencer Jan 2007

Corals On Seamounts, Ad Rogers, A Baco, H Griffiths, Jm Hall-Spencer

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Effects Of Hyperbaric Oxygen On Oxidative Stress, Angiogenesis Factors And Endothelial Cell Injury, Jianfeng Yuan Jan 2007

Effects Of Hyperbaric Oxygen On Oxidative Stress, Angiogenesis Factors And Endothelial Cell Injury, Jianfeng Yuan

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is the administration of 100% oxygen at more than one atmosphere. It greatly improves tissue oxygenation and facilitates mechanisms of wound healing, which in turn benefits some patients with chronic wounds. A prominent fact in therapeutic HBO is the acceleration of neoangiogenesis during granulation tissue formation. Angiogenesis is a highly orchestrated event, a diverse range of cells and angiogenesis factors are involved in the process. The formation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) during HBO has been controversially considered as signalling regulator for angiogenic factors, as well as harmful originator for oxidative stress-induced cyto- and geno-toxicity in …


The Ecology And Conservation Of The Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena Phocoena) Along The West Coast Of The Uk, Lissa Goodwin Jan 2007

The Ecology And Conservation Of The Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena Phocoena) Along The West Coast Of The Uk, Lissa Goodwin

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Whilst the harbour porpoise {Phocoena phocoena) is the most j&equently observed cetacean in the UK, it. is at risk from habitat degradation, pollution, incidental capture in fishing nets and anthropogenic disturbance. UK, European and International initiatives have highlighted the conservation need to obtain a better understanding of this species. This research, conducted over 5 years (1999-2004) aimed to fiirther the scientific knowledge of the harbour porpoise in order to influence fiiture conservation initiatives. Studies into the relative abundance, density, distribution, habitat use and behaviour were conducted through combinations of shore- and boat-based research. Technical trials of a towed acoustic device …


Pre- And Post-Settlement Processes Influencing The Distribution Of Barnacles Along Estuarine Gradients, Jose Gerardo Ferreira Gomes Filho Jan 2007

Pre- And Post-Settlement Processes Influencing The Distribution Of Barnacles Along Estuarine Gradients, Jose Gerardo Ferreira Gomes Filho

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Estuaries are the interface between freshwater systems and the sea, with clearly recognizable changes in the distribution of organisms along various environmental gradients from riverine to fully marine conditions. This thesis studied ecological processes affecting the distribution of marine species along estuarine gradients using both field and laboratory experiments with barnacles as a tractable model system. Elminius modestus Darwin, Semibalanus balanoides Linneaus, Chthamalus montagui Southward are the most common barnacle species found in the intertidal of British estuaries. Surveys performed in the Plym and the Yealm Estuaries revealed that E. modestus occurred furthest up estuaries and was dominant along most …


Metal Binding In Sediments And Cockles From Tropical And Temperate Estuaries, Chutamad Kavinseksan Jan 2007

Metal Binding In Sediments And Cockles From Tropical And Temperate Estuaries, Chutamad Kavinseksan

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

This study concerns the partitioning of metals, primarily Cd, Cu, Fe and Zn in the tissues of the common cockle, Cerastoderma edule, from estuaries in the SW of England and the blood cockle, Anadara granosa, from estuaries of Thailand. Cockle and sediment samples were collected, at contaminated and uncontaminated sites, in the Plym, Tamar and Avon estuaries and at seven estuary mouths in the Gulf of Thailand (including the Chao Phraya). The objective was to quantify the total and available concentrations in the sediments and to measure the concentrations of the various molecular weight fractions of the metals associated with …


Analysis Of Supercritical Stratified Tidal Flow In A Scottish Fjord, Nataliya Stashchuk, Mark Inali, Vasiliy Vlasenko Jan 2007

Analysis Of Supercritical Stratified Tidal Flow In A Scottish Fjord, Nataliya Stashchuk, Mark Inali, Vasiliy Vlasenko

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The baroclinic tidal regime of the fjord Loch Etive (Scotland) is studied. Analysis is performed on the basis of both in situ data and numerical simulations, with the use of a fully nonlinear nonhydrostatic fine-resolution model. It was found that the crest of the sill that separates Loch Etive into inner and outer parts is subjected to a supercritical flow regime with maximum Froude numbers in excess of 5. Strong supercritical conditions lead to the formation of flow separation just above the sill's crest. As is inherent to jet-type fjordic systems, this, in turn, leads to a weak nonlinear baroclinic …


Planktic Foraminifera From The Proposed Gssp For The Oxfordian Stage: Redcliff Point, Near Weymouth, M.B. Hart, T. Aze, W. Hudson, C.W. Smart Jan 2007

Planktic Foraminifera From The Proposed Gssp For The Oxfordian Stage: Redcliff Point, Near Weymouth, M.B. Hart, T. Aze, W. Hudson, C.W. Smart

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

In the course of the stratigraphical and palaeontological investigations for the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Oxfordian Stage at Recicliff (near Weymouth) an assemblage of planktic foraminifera has been described. Planktic foraminifera are exceptionally rare in the Jurassic of the United Kingdom and only a few records have been reported in the last few years. At Redcliff, the assemblage is preserved as pyrite steinkerns, but the fauna contains a number of morphotypes which match onto known species from this interval (Globuligerina oxfordiana, Compactogerina stellapolaris) while others have no described species to which they can …


A Generalized Method For Transfecting Root Epidermis Uncovers Endosomal Dynamics In Arabidopsis Root Hairs, Prisca Campanoni, Jens Uwe Sutter, Craig Stewart Davis, George Robert Littlejohn, Michael Robert Blatt Jan 2007

A Generalized Method For Transfecting Root Epidermis Uncovers Endosomal Dynamics In Arabidopsis Root Hairs, Prisca Campanoni, Jens Uwe Sutter, Craig Stewart Davis, George Robert Littlejohn, Michael Robert Blatt

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

SummaryProgress in analysing the cellular functions of many structural proteins has accelerated through the use of confocal microscopy together with transient gene expression. Several methods for transient expression have been developed in the past few years, but their application has seen limited success beyond a few tractable species and tissues. We have developed a simple and efficient method to visualize fluorescent proteins in Arabidopsis root epidermis using co‐cultivation of seedlings with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. The method is equally suitable for transient gene expression in other species, including Thellungiella, and can be combined with supporting molecular and biochemical analyses. The method promises …


Deep-Sea Coral Distribution On Seamounts, Oceanic Islands, And Continental Slopes In The Northeast Atlantic, J Hall-Spencer, A Rogers, J Davies, A Foggo Jan 2007

Deep-Sea Coral Distribution On Seamounts, Oceanic Islands, And Continental Slopes In The Northeast Atlantic, J Hall-Spencer, A Rogers, J Davies, A Foggo

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

A database of deep-water (> 200 m) antipatharians, scleractinians, and gorgonians has been assembled for the NE Atlantic to determine what their distribution and diversity was before coral habitats became heavily impacted by bottom fishing gear. Benthic sampling expeditions from 1868–1985 have provided 2547 records showing the deepwater distribution of 22 species of antipatharians, 68 species of scleractinians, and 83 species of gorgonians with the majority of records found from seamounts, oceanic islands, and the continental slope of the warm temperate region. Too little is known about the coral biota of boreal and tropical seamounts to assess their levels of …


Effects Of Salmon Farming On Benthic Crustacea, J Hall-Spencer, R Bamber Jan 2007

Effects Of Salmon Farming On Benthic Crustacea, J Hall-Spencer, R Bamber

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Diseases Affect Cold-Water Corals Too: Eunicella Verrucosa (Cnidaria : Gorgonacea) Necrosis In Sw England, Jm Hall-Spencer, J Pike, Cb Munn Jan 2007

Diseases Affect Cold-Water Corals Too: Eunicella Verrucosa (Cnidaria : Gorgonacea) Necrosis In Sw England, Jm Hall-Spencer, J Pike, Cb Munn

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Application Of Surface-Ocean Remote-Sensing To The Characterisation Of Biogeographic Patterns Of Benthic Fauna In A Temperate Shelf Sea, Kirsten Alexandra Richardson Jan 2007

Application Of Surface-Ocean Remote-Sensing To The Characterisation Of Biogeographic Patterns Of Benthic Fauna In A Temperate Shelf Sea, Kirsten Alexandra Richardson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Ecosystem scale, adaptive management of the marine environment, emphasised by the Convention on Biological Diversity, requires a clear understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of the system in question. Classical species-based biogeography alone is not sufficient to describe those dynamics at the appropriate scale for whole ecosystem management. A novel, multidisciplinary, complex systems approach has been developed for characterising the biogeographic distribution of benthic fauna in a temperate shelf sea system through application of remote sensing to the principles of benthic-pelagic coupling. A six year time series of satellite remote sensing data (AVHRR SST and SeaWiFS Chl-α, LwN(555, 670)) …


Species Interactions During Succession In Rockpools: Role Of Herbivores And Physical Factors, Laure Marie-Louise Jeanne Noel Jan 2007

Species Interactions During Succession In Rockpools: Role Of Herbivores And Physical Factors, Laure Marie-Louise Jeanne Noel

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Positive interactions are increasingly recognised to be important as community structure processes. Bertness and Callaway's model predicts positive interactions to be important under high consumer pressure or high environmental stress. Associational defences between organisms, when palatable algae take advantage of living with less palatable ones, will be the dominant structuring forces under high consumer pressure and low physical stress. Habitat ameliorations become more important under harsh physical conditions and low consumer pressure. This model was tested at Wembury Bay, Devon, Southwest England, using rockpools and emergent rock habitats distributed over the vertical height of the shore to generate gradients of …


An Evaluation Of Multivariate Statistical Techniques For The Analysis Of Yield From Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Breeding Trials Data, Ahmed Abdullah Jan 2007

An Evaluation Of Multivariate Statistical Techniques For The Analysis Of Yield From Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Breeding Trials Data, Ahmed Abdullah

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

This project involved two locations (Breda and Tel Hadya) over two seasons (1993 and 1994). Yield was found to have been affected by many factors including environment, genotype and morphological characters. A genotype-environment interaction (GEl) was also discovered. To investigate the influence of morphological characters on yield parameters, multivariate statistical techniques (canonical analysis, factor analysis and multiple regression analysis (linear and exponential)) were used. Multivariate statistical techniques were applied to three hybrids (Hybrid 1, 2 and 3) in replicated field plots at two locations (Breda and Tel Hadya) in two seasons. Canonical analysis and factor analysis revealed a significant relationship …


Effect-Directed Analysis Of Toxicants In Unresolved Complex Mixtures (Ucms) Of Hydrocarbons From Biodegraded Crude Oils, Alan George Scarlett Jan 2007

Effect-Directed Analysis Of Toxicants In Unresolved Complex Mixtures (Ucms) Of Hydrocarbons From Biodegraded Crude Oils, Alan George Scarlett

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Contamination of the environment by petrogenic hydrocarbons continues to pose a threat to marine biota. Studies into the effects of hydrocarbon contamination have mainly been directed at a small number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are known to be highly toxic to a wide range of biota. The majority of the hydrocarbons present in sediments and tissues are unresolved by conventional gas chromatography and have received little attention. Studies directed at these unresolved complex mixtures (UCMs) of hydrocarbons have previously identified the monoaromatic fraction as containing toxic UCM compounds. The studies reported herein have explored the toxicity of UCM …