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Role Of Waves And Tides On Depth Of Closure And Potential For Headland Bypassing, Nieves G. Valiente, Gerd Masselink, Tim Scott, Daniel Conley, Robert Jak Mccarroll Jan 2019

Role Of Waves And Tides On Depth Of Closure And Potential For Headland Bypassing, Nieves G. Valiente, Gerd Masselink, Tim Scott, Daniel Conley, Robert Jak Mccarroll

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

© 2018 Depth of closure is a fundamental concept used to define the seaward extent of a morphodynamically active shoreface at a particular temporal scale. The estimation of this limit in relation to the depth in front of the bounding headlands along embayed coastlines allows questioning whether embayments, often deemed closed sediment cells, experience more headland bypassing than expected. Wave-based parameterisations developed for microtidal beaches are most widely used to estimate closure depth; however, a re-evaluation of the concept for shorefaces influenced by geological control (presence of headlands and/or bedrock) and strong tidal currents is appropriate. Here, we use the …


Molecular Changes To The Rat Renal Cotransporters Pept1 And Pept2 Due To Ageing, Othman A. Alghamdi, Nicola King, Nicholas M. Andronicos, Graham L. Jones, Belal Chami, Paul K. Witting, Pierre D.J. Moens Jan 2019

Molecular Changes To The Rat Renal Cotransporters Pept1 And Pept2 Due To Ageing, Othman A. Alghamdi, Nicola King, Nicholas M. Andronicos, Graham L. Jones, Belal Chami, Paul K. Witting, Pierre D.J. Moens

School of Biomedical Sciences

No abstract provided.


Internal Lee Waves And Baroclinic Bores Over A Tropical Seamount Shark ‘Hot-Spot’, P. J. Hosegood, W. A.M. Nimmo-Smith, R. Proud, K. Adams, A. S. Brierley Jan 2019

Internal Lee Waves And Baroclinic Bores Over A Tropical Seamount Shark ‘Hot-Spot’, P. J. Hosegood, W. A.M. Nimmo-Smith, R. Proud, K. Adams, A. S. Brierley

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Oceanographic observations were made with a subsurface oceanographic mooring over the summit and flanks of two neighbouring seamounts in the tropical Indian Ocean to identify processes that may be responsible for the aggregation of silvertip sharks (Carcharhinus albimarginatus) in the deep water drop-off surrounding the summits. The seamounts, which are in the Chagos Archipelago in the British Indian Ocean Territories, are narrow in horizontal extent (<10 km), have steeply sloping (>15°) sides that rise from depths of > 600 m, and flat summits at a depth of 70 m. They are subjected to forcing at subinertial, basin-scales and local scales that include a mixed tidal …


Do Alternative Reproductive Strategies In The Wellington Tree Weta Represent Different Behavioural Types?, Alexander D.M. Wilson, Clint D. Kelly Jan 2019

Do Alternative Reproductive Strategies In The Wellington Tree Weta Represent Different Behavioural Types?, Alexander D.M. Wilson, Clint D. Kelly

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Are Sea Sponges A Key Part Of The Complex Solution To Antimicrobial Resistance?, Matthew Koch, Mat Upton, Kerry Howell Jan 2019

Are Sea Sponges A Key Part Of The Complex Solution To Antimicrobial Resistance?, Matthew Koch, Mat Upton, Kerry Howell

School of Biomedical Sciences

No abstract provided.


Variation In Growth And Defence Traits Among Plant Populations At Different Elevations: Implications For Adaptation To Climate Change, James Buckley, Alex Widmer, Mark C. Mescher, Moraes Cm De Jan 2019

Variation In Growth And Defence Traits Among Plant Populations At Different Elevations: Implications For Adaptation To Climate Change, James Buckley, Alex Widmer, Mark C. Mescher, Moraes Cm De

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Alpine plants occurring at high elevation are vulnerable to ongoing climate change, yet relatively little is known about the potential for high-elevation species to adapt to changing environmental conditions. In particular, the extent to which high-elevation plants will be able to resist predicted increases in the intensity of biotic interactions, such as herbivory, remains unclear. Species distributed across broad elevational ranges provide an opportunity to investigate evolutionary mechanisms and traits involved in adaptation to varying abiotic and biotic environments. This study focused on the perennial alpine plant Arabis alpina and combined field surveys and climate chamber experiments to test for …


Blockchain Technology In Agri-Food Value Chain Management: A Synthesis Of Applications, Challenges And Future Research Directions, Guoqing Zhao, Shaofeng Liu, Carmen Lopez, Haiyan Lu, Sebastian Elgueta, Biljana Mileva Boshkoska, Huilan Chen Jan 2019

Blockchain Technology In Agri-Food Value Chain Management: A Synthesis Of Applications, Challenges And Future Research Directions, Guoqing Zhao, Shaofeng Liu, Carmen Lopez, Haiyan Lu, Sebastian Elgueta, Biljana Mileva Boshkoska, Huilan Chen

Plymouth Business School

No abstract provided.


Inconspicuous Impacts: Widespread Marine Invader Causes Subtle But Significant Changes In Native Macroalgal Assemblages, G Epstein, A Foggo, Da Smale Jan 2019

Inconspicuous Impacts: Widespread Marine Invader Causes Subtle But Significant Changes In Native Macroalgal Assemblages, G Epstein, A Foggo, Da Smale

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Neural Correlates Of Weighted Reward Prediction Error During Reinforcement Learning Classify Response To Cognitive Behavioral Therapy In Depression, Filippo Queirazza, Elsa Fouragnan, J. Douglas Steele, Jonathan Cavanagh, Marios G. Philiastides Jan 2019

Neural Correlates Of Weighted Reward Prediction Error During Reinforcement Learning Classify Response To Cognitive Behavioral Therapy In Depression, Filippo Queirazza, Elsa Fouragnan, J. Douglas Steele, Jonathan Cavanagh, Marios G. Philiastides

School of Psychology

While cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for major depressive disorder, only up to 45% of depressed patients will respond to it. At present, there is no clinically viable neuroimaging predictor of CBT response. Notably, the lack of a mechanistic understanding of treatment response has hindered identification of predictive biomarkers. To obtain mechanistically meaningful fMRI predictors of CBT response, we capitalize on pretreatment neural activity encoding a weighted reward prediction error (RPE), which is implicated in the acquisition and processing of feedback information during probabilistic learning. Using a conventional mass-univariate fMRI analysis, we demonstrate that, at the group …


A Comparison Of Descriptive Writing And Drawing Of Plants For The Development Of Adult Novices’ Botanical Knowledge, Bethan C. Stagg, Michael F. Verde Jan 2019

A Comparison Of Descriptive Writing And Drawing Of Plants For The Development Of Adult Novices’ Botanical Knowledge, Bethan C. Stagg, Michael F. Verde

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.


An Evaluation Of The Fishing For Litter (Ffl) Scheme In The Uk In Terms Of Attitudes, Behavior, Barriers And Opportunities, Kayleigh J. Wyles, Sabine Pahl, Lauren Carroll, Richard C. Thompson Jan 2019

An Evaluation Of The Fishing For Litter (Ffl) Scheme In The Uk In Terms Of Attitudes, Behavior, Barriers And Opportunities, Kayleigh J. Wyles, Sabine Pahl, Lauren Carroll, Richard C. Thompson

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.


Mine Or Mother’S? Exploring The Self-Ownership Effect Across Cultures, M Golubickis, Nsp Ho, Jk Falbén, Km Mackenzie, A Boschetti, Wa Cunningham, Macrae C Neil Jan 2019

Mine Or Mother’S? Exploring The Self-Ownership Effect Across Cultures, M Golubickis, Nsp Ho, Jk Falbén, Km Mackenzie, A Boschetti, Wa Cunningham, Macrae C Neil

School of Psychology

In exploring self-biases in cognition and decision-making, recent research has demonstrated cultural variation in the emergence of the self-ownership effect in memory. Whereas Westerners display enhanced memory for items owned by the self (vs. mother), this effect is reversed among Asian participants. Developing this line of inquiry, here we considered whether cultural influences on ownership extend to other outcomes—specifically, the efficiency of object categorization. In two experiments, Western and Asian participants were required to report if previously assigned items (i.e., pencils and pens) were owned-by-self or owned-by-mother. Results revealed a self-prioritization effect for participants from both cultures, such that responses …


Are Some Natural Environments More Psychologically Beneficial Than Others? The Importance Of Type And Quality On Connectedness To Nature And Psychological Restoration, Kayleigh J. Wyles, Mathew P. White, Caroline Hattam, Sabine Pahl, Haney King, Melanie Austen Jan 2019

Are Some Natural Environments More Psychologically Beneficial Than Others? The Importance Of Type And Quality On Connectedness To Nature And Psychological Restoration, Kayleigh J. Wyles, Mathew P. White, Caroline Hattam, Sabine Pahl, Haney King, Melanie Austen

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.


Two- And Three-Year-Olds Consider Ownership When Selecting And Allocating Resources, M Petrowski, Patricia Kanngiesser, Ori Friedman Jan 2019

Two- And Three-Year-Olds Consider Ownership When Selecting And Allocating Resources, M Petrowski, Patricia Kanngiesser, Ori Friedman

School of Psychology

In three experiments, we investigated whether 2- and 3-year-olds (N = 240) consider ownership when taking resources for themselves and allocating resources to another agent. When selecting resources for themselves, children generally avoided taking resources that belonged to another agent and instead favored their own resources (Experiments 1 and 2). However, they did not avoid taking the agent’s resources when the only other resources available were described as not belonging to the agent (Experiment 3). Children also selected fewer of the agent’s resources when taking for themselves than when giving to the agent (Experiments 2 and 3). In giving to …


Transparent Authentication Utilising Gait Recognition, Hind K Al-Obaidi Jan 2019

Transparent Authentication Utilising Gait Recognition, Hind K Al-Obaidi

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Securing smartphones has increasingly become inevitable due to their massive popularity and significant storage and access to sensitive information. The gatekeeper of securing the device is authenticating the user. Amongst the many solutions proposed, gait recognition has been suggested to provide a reliable yet non-intrusive authentication approach – enabling both security and usability. While several studies exploring mobile-based gait recognition have taken place, studies have been mainly preliminary, with various methodological restrictions that have limited the number of participants, samples, and type of features; in addition, prior studies have depended on limited datasets, actual controlled experimental environments, and many activities. …


Fungi In Aquatic Ecosystems, Hans Peter Grossart, Den Wyngaert S Van, Maiko Kagami, Christian Wurzbacher, Michael Cunliffe, Keilor Rojas-Jimenez Jan 2019

Fungi In Aquatic Ecosystems, Hans Peter Grossart, Den Wyngaert S Van, Maiko Kagami, Christian Wurzbacher, Michael Cunliffe, Keilor Rojas-Jimenez

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Marine Ecological Field Methodssalvanes, A. G. V., Devine, J., Jensen, K. H., Hestetun, J. T., Sjotun, K., & Glenner, H, Wiley And Sons, 2018, 218 Pp., A Mcquatters‐Gollop Jan 2019

Marine Ecological Field Methodssalvanes, A. G. V., Devine, J., Jensen, K. H., Hestetun, J. T., Sjotun, K., & Glenner, H, Wiley And Sons, 2018, 218 Pp., A Mcquatters‐Gollop

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


As Blind As A Bat? Opsin Phylogenetics Illuminates The Evolution Of Color Vision In Bats, Bruno F. Simões, Nicole M. Foley, Graham M. Hughes, Huabin Zhao, Shuyi Zhang, Stephen J. Rossiter, Emma C. Teeling Jan 2019

As Blind As A Bat? Opsin Phylogenetics Illuminates The Evolution Of Color Vision In Bats, Bruno F. Simões, Nicole M. Foley, Graham M. Hughes, Huabin Zhao, Shuyi Zhang, Stephen J. Rossiter, Emma C. Teeling

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Through their unique use of sophisticated laryngeal echolocation bats are considered sensory specialists amongst mammals and represent an excellent model in which to explore sensory perception. Although several studies have shown that the evolution of vision is linked to ecological niche adaptation in other mammalian lineages, this has not yet been fully explored in bats. Recent molecular analysis of the opsin genes, which encode the photosensitive pigments underpinning color vision, have implicated high-duty cycle (HDC) echolocation and the adoption of cave roosting habits in the degeneration of color vision in bats. However, insufficient sampling of relevant taxa has hindered definitive …


Invasive Lionfish In The Mediterranean: Low Public Awareness Yet High Stakeholder Concerns, Periklis Kleitou, Ioannis Savva, Demetris Kletou, Jason M. Hall-Spencer, Charalampos Antoniou, Yiannis Christodoulides, Niki Chartosia, Louis Hadjioannou, Andreas C. Dimitriou, Carlos Jimenez, Antonis Petrou, Spyros Sfenthourakis, Sian Rees Jan 2019

Invasive Lionfish In The Mediterranean: Low Public Awareness Yet High Stakeholder Concerns, Periklis Kleitou, Ioannis Savva, Demetris Kletou, Jason M. Hall-Spencer, Charalampos Antoniou, Yiannis Christodoulides, Niki Chartosia, Louis Hadjioannou, Andreas C. Dimitriou, Carlos Jimenez, Antonis Petrou, Spyros Sfenthourakis, Sian Rees

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

A lionfish invasion in the Western Atlantic has been one of the most ecologically harmful fish invasions to date. Experience there has shown that its management is most effective when the public and stakeholders are involved. The lionfish (Pterois miles) has recently invaded the Mediterranean, spreading at an alarming rate. To understand lionfish knowledge and perceptions, questionnaire surveys were conducted with a representative cross section of the adult general public (via telephone) and stakeholders (via organised meetings) in Cyprus. Results from 300 public surveys revealed limited awareness about the lionfish but strong support for its local management. Men and older …


Observations Of Infragravity Dominance In The Swash Zone Of A Steep Gravel Beach, O Billson, P Russell, M Davidson, M Wiggins, Jak Mccarroll, T Poate, N Leonardi Jan 2019

Observations Of Infragravity Dominance In The Swash Zone Of A Steep Gravel Beach, O Billson, P Russell, M Davidson, M Wiggins, Jak Mccarroll, T Poate, N Leonardi

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Observations of the depth integrated and time averaged sediment transport on a mixed sand and gravel (MSG) beach are presented and analysed to examine the performance of a new portable streamer trap. Measurement of the longshore sediment transport rate in the surf zone remains one of the great challenges in coastal engineering and coastal sciences. Sediment traps for sand beaches have proven useful in the past, but are not suitable for MSG beaches. This paper describes a portable depth-integrated streamer trap designed to measure the depthintegrated combined bed load and suspended longshore sediment transport on MSG beaches. The device consists …


Particle Toxicology And Health - Where Are We?, M Riediker, D Zink, W Kreyling, G Oberdörster, A Elder, U Graham, I Lynch, A Duschl, G Ichihara, S Ichihara, T Kobayashi, N Hisanaga, M Umezawa, T-J Cheng, R Handy, M Gulumian, S Tinkle, F Cassee Jan 2019

Particle Toxicology And Health - Where Are We?, M Riediker, D Zink, W Kreyling, G Oberdörster, A Elder, U Graham, I Lynch, A Duschl, G Ichihara, S Ichihara, T Kobayashi, N Hisanaga, M Umezawa, T-J Cheng, R Handy, M Gulumian, S Tinkle, F Cassee

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Phototactic Tails: Evolution And Molecular Basis Of A Novel Sensory Trait In Sea Snakes, Jm Crowe‐Riddell, Bruno F. Simões, Julian C. Partridge, David M. Hunt, Steven Delean, Julian G. Schwerdt, James Breen, Alastair Ludington, David J. Gower, Kate L. Sanders Jan 2019

Phototactic Tails: Evolution And Molecular Basis Of A Novel Sensory Trait In Sea Snakes, Jm Crowe‐Riddell, Bruno F. Simões, Julian C. Partridge, David M. Hunt, Steven Delean, Julian G. Schwerdt, James Breen, Alastair Ludington, David J. Gower, Kate L. Sanders

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Changes In The Biochemical And Nutrient Composition Of Seafood Due To Ocean Acidification And Warming, A. J. Lemasson, J. M. Hall-Spencer, V. Kuri, A. M. Knights Jan 2019

Changes In The Biochemical And Nutrient Composition Of Seafood Due To Ocean Acidification And Warming, A. J. Lemasson, J. M. Hall-Spencer, V. Kuri, A. M. Knights

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Ocean acidification and warming may threaten future seafood production, safety and quality by negatively impacting the fitness of marine species. Identifying changes in nutritional quality, as well as species most at risk, is crucial if societies are to secure food production. Here, changes in the biochemical composition and nutritional properties of the commercially valuable oysters, Magallana gigas and Ostrea edulis, were evaluated following a 12-week exposure to six ocean acidification and warming scenarios that were designed to reflect the temperature (+3 °C above ambient) and atmospheric pCO 2 conditions (increase of 350–600 ppm) predicted for the mid-to end-of-century. Results suggest …


Foraging Performance, Prosociality, And Kin Presence Do Not Predict Lifetime Reproductive Success In Batek Hunter-Gatherers, Thomas S. Kraft, Vivek V. Venkataraman, Ivan Tacey, Nathaniel J. Dominy, Kirk M. Endicott Jan 2019

Foraging Performance, Prosociality, And Kin Presence Do Not Predict Lifetime Reproductive Success In Batek Hunter-Gatherers, Thomas S. Kraft, Vivek V. Venkataraman, Ivan Tacey, Nathaniel J. Dominy, Kirk M. Endicott

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

No abstract provided.


Lead Pollution Of Coastal Sediments By Ceramic Waste, Andrew Turner Jan 2019

Lead Pollution Of Coastal Sediments By Ceramic Waste, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

© 2018 Ceramic fragments and fractionated (<2 mm) sediment have been sampled from two beaches in southwest England, along with sediment from a control beach where ceramic waste was lacking. Analysis of the glazed ceramic surfaces by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry returned concentrations of Pb up to 729,000 mg kg−1, while XRF analysis of sediment samples revealed high but heterogeneous concentrations of Pb at the two sites impacted by ceramic waste (median = 292 and 737 mg kg−1) compared with the control beach (median ~ 20 mg kg−1). These observations are attributed to the disposal of contemporary and historical ceramic products, and the subsequent attrition of material and contamination of local sediment. Extraction of a milled ceramic composite (Pb = 2780 mg kg−1) by 1 M HCl, revealed a high (34%) environmental mobility and availability of Pb; extraction in a solution of protein, however, suggested a low (0.1%) bioaccessibility to sediment-ingesting invertebrates.


Antifouling Paint Particles In Intertidal Estuarine Sediments From Southwest England And Their Ingestion By The Harbour Ragworm, Hediste Diversicolor, Christina Muller-Karanassos, Andrew Turner, William Arundel, Tom Vance, Penelope K. Lindeque, Matthew Cole Jan 2019

Antifouling Paint Particles In Intertidal Estuarine Sediments From Southwest England And Their Ingestion By The Harbour Ragworm, Hediste Diversicolor, Christina Muller-Karanassos, Andrew Turner, William Arundel, Tom Vance, Penelope K. Lindeque, Matthew Cole

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

© 2019 Antifouling paint particles (APPs) of between 500 μm and >2 mm in diameter have been identified in silty, intertidal estuarine sediments through a combination of microscopy and x-ray fluorescence spectrometry. APPs were heterogeneously distributed, with maximal concentrations of 430 particles L −1 (0.2 g L −1 ) near to a facility where boats are regularly maintained and 400 particles L −1 (4.2 g L −1 ) at a location where old boats had been abandoned, with the majority of particles encountered in the finest size fraction retrieved. APPs contained variable concentrations of Cu, Zn, Sn and Pb, with …


Holocene Variations In North Atlantic Export Productivity As Reflected In Bathyal Benthic Foraminifera, Christopher W. Smart, Ellen Thomas, Curtis M. Bracher Jan 2019

Holocene Variations In North Atlantic Export Productivity As Reflected In Bathyal Benthic Foraminifera, Christopher W. Smart, Ellen Thomas, Curtis M. Bracher

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Mobilization And Bioaccessibility Of Cadmium In Coastal Sediment Contaminated By Microplastics, Kye Martin, Andrew Turner Jan 2019

Mobilization And Bioaccessibility Of Cadmium In Coastal Sediment Contaminated By Microplastics, Kye Martin, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Dynamic Accretion Beneath A Slow‐Spreading Ridge Segment: Iodp Hole 1473a And The Atlantis Bank Oceanic Core Complex, Hjb Dick, Cj Macleod, P Blum, N Abe, Dk Blackman, Ja Bowles, Mj Cheadle, K Cho, J Ciazela, Jr Deans, Vp Edgcomb, C Ferrando, L France, B Ghosh, B Ildefonse, B John, Ma Kendrick, J Koepke, Jam Leong, C Liu, Q Ma, T Morishita, A Morris, Jh Natland, T Nozaka, O Pluemper, A Sanfilippo, Jb Sylvan, Ma Tivey, R Tribuzio, G Viegas Jan 2019

Dynamic Accretion Beneath A Slow‐Spreading Ridge Segment: Iodp Hole 1473a And The Atlantis Bank Oceanic Core Complex, Hjb Dick, Cj Macleod, P Blum, N Abe, Dk Blackman, Ja Bowles, Mj Cheadle, K Cho, J Ciazela, Jr Deans, Vp Edgcomb, C Ferrando, L France, B Ghosh, B Ildefonse, B John, Ma Kendrick, J Koepke, Jam Leong, C Liu, Q Ma, T Morishita, A Morris, Jh Natland, T Nozaka, O Pluemper, A Sanfilippo, Jb Sylvan, Ma Tivey, R Tribuzio, G Viegas

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

809 deep IODP Hole U1473A at Atlantis Bank, SWIR, is 2.2 km from 1,508-m Hole 735B and 1.4 from 158-m Hole 1105A. With mapping, it provides the first 3-D view of the upper levels of a 660-km2 lower crustal batholith. It is laterally and vertically zoned, representing a complex interplay of cyclic intrusion, and ongoing deformation, with kilometer-scale upward and lateral migration of interstial melt. Transform wall dives over the gabbro-peridotite contact found only evolved gabbro intruded directly into the mantle near the transform. There was no high-level melt lens, rather the gabbros crystallized at depth, and then emplaced into …


Human Semaphorin 3 Variants Link Melanocortin Circuit Development And Energy Balance, Der Klaauw Aa Van, S Croizier, De Oliveira E Mendes, Lkj Stadler, S Park, Y Kong, Mc Banton, P Tandon, Ae Hendricks, Jm Keogh, Se Riley, S Papadia, E Henning, R Bounds, Eg Bochukova, V Mistry, S O’Rahilly, Rb Simerly, Jen Minchin, I Barroso, Ey Jones, Sg Bouret, Is Farooqi Jan 2019

Human Semaphorin 3 Variants Link Melanocortin Circuit Development And Energy Balance, Der Klaauw Aa Van, S Croizier, De Oliveira E Mendes, Lkj Stadler, S Park, Y Kong, Mc Banton, P Tandon, Ae Hendricks, Jm Keogh, Se Riley, S Papadia, E Henning, R Bounds, Eg Bochukova, V Mistry, S O’Rahilly, Rb Simerly, Jen Minchin, I Barroso, Ey Jones, Sg Bouret, Is Farooqi

School of Biomedical Sciences

No abstract provided.