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Articles 2161 - 2190 of 2984
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Holocene Sea-Ice Conditions And Circulation At The Chukchi-Alaskan Margin, Arctic Ocean, Inferred From Biomarker Proxies, Leonid Polyak, Simon T. Belt, Patricia Cabedo-Sanz, Masanobu Yamamoto, Yu Hyeon Park
Holocene Sea-Ice Conditions And Circulation At The Chukchi-Alaskan Margin, Arctic Ocean, Inferred From Biomarker Proxies, Leonid Polyak, Simon T. Belt, Patricia Cabedo-Sanz, Masanobu Yamamoto, Yu Hyeon Park
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Hydrothermal Contributions To Global Biogeochemical Cycles: Insights From The Macquarie Island Ophiolite, Rosalind M. Coggon, Damon A.H. Teagle, Michelle Harris, Garry J. Davidson, Jeffrey C. Alt, Timothy S. Brewer
Hydrothermal Contributions To Global Biogeochemical Cycles: Insights From The Macquarie Island Ophiolite, Rosalind M. Coggon, Damon A.H. Teagle, Michelle Harris, Garry J. Davidson, Jeffrey C. Alt, Timothy S. Brewer
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Closing Crack Earthquakes Within The Krafla Caldera, North Iceland, Zoë K. Mildon, David J. Pugh, Jon Tarasewicz, Robert S. White, Bryndís Brandsdóttir
Closing Crack Earthquakes Within The Krafla Caldera, North Iceland, Zoë K. Mildon, David J. Pugh, Jon Tarasewicz, Robert S. White, Bryndís Brandsdóttir
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Memovolc Report On Classification And Dynamics Of Volcanic Explosive Eruptions, C Bonadonna, Et Al
Memovolc Report On Classification And Dynamics Of Volcanic Explosive Eruptions, C Bonadonna, Et Al
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Classifications of volcanic eruptions were first introduced in the early twentieth century mostly based on qualitative observations of eruptive activity, and over time, they have gradually been developed to incorporate more quantitative descriptions of the eruptive products from both deposits and observations of active volcanoes. Progress in physical volcanology, and increased capability in monitoring, measuring and modelling of explosive eruptions, has highlighted shortcomings in the way we classify eruptions and triggered a debate around the need for eruption classification and the advantages and disadvantages of existing classification schemes. Here, we (i) review and assess existing classification schemes, focussing on subaerial …
Our Evolving Understanding Of Aeolian Bedforms, Based On Observation Of Dunes On Different Worlds, Serina Diniega, Mikhail Kreslavsky, Jani Radebaugh, S Silverstro, Matt Telfer, Daniela Tirsch
Our Evolving Understanding Of Aeolian Bedforms, Based On Observation Of Dunes On Different Worlds, Serina Diniega, Mikhail Kreslavsky, Jani Radebaugh, S Silverstro, Matt Telfer, Daniela Tirsch
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Dunes, dune fields, and ripples are unique and useful records of the interaction between wind and granular materials– finding such features on a planetary surface immediately suggests certain information about climate and surfaceconditions (at least during the dunes’ formation and evolution). Additionally, studies of dune characteristics under nonEarth conditions allow for “tests” of aeolian process models based primarily on observations of terrestrial features anddynamics, and refinement of the models to include consideration of a wider range of environmental and planetaryconditions. To-date, the planetary aeolian community has found and studied dune fields on Mars, Venus, and theSaturnian moon Titan. Additionally, we …
Ecohydraulics Exemplifies The Emerging “Paradigm Of The Interdisciplines”, David J. Gilvear, John M. Nestler, Michael J. Stewardson, J. Angus Webb, David L. Smith
Ecohydraulics Exemplifies The Emerging “Paradigm Of The Interdisciplines”, David J. Gilvear, John M. Nestler, Michael J. Stewardson, J. Angus Webb, David L. Smith
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The basic premise underlying ecohydraulics is deceptively simple: create a new discipline focused on the effects of water movement in aquatic ecosystems by melding principles of aquatic ecology (including aspects of fluvial geomorphology) and engineering hydraulics. However, advancing ecohydraulics as a synthetic, organized field of study is challenging because hydraulic engineers and ecologists (1) study processes that differ substantially in spatial and/or temporal scale; (2) have very different approaches to modelling; (3) utilize different sets of mathematical formulations, concepts, and assumptions; and (4) address problems with vastly different patterns of complexity and uncertainty. The differences between engineering and ecology must …
Annual Down-Glacier Drainage Of Lakes And Water-Filled Crevasses At Helheim Glacier, Southeast Greenland, A Everett, T Murray, N Selmes, Ic Rutt, Et Al
Annual Down-Glacier Drainage Of Lakes And Water-Filled Crevasses At Helheim Glacier, Southeast Greenland, A Everett, T Murray, N Selmes, Ic Rutt, Et Al
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Supraglacial lake drainage events are common on the Greenland ice sheet. Observations on the west coast typically show an up-glacier progression of drainage as the annual melt extent spreads inland. We use a suite of remote sensing and modeling techniques in order to study a series of lakes and water-filled crevasses within 20 km of the terminus of Helheim Glacier, southeast Greenland. Automatic classification of surface water areas shows a down-glacier progression of drainage, which occurs in the majority of years between 2007 and 2014. We demonstrate that a linear elastic fracture mechanics model can reliably predict the drainage of …
Heavy Metals, Metalloids And Other Hazardous Elements In Marine Plastic Litter, Andrew Turner
Heavy Metals, Metalloids And Other Hazardous Elements In Marine Plastic Litter, Andrew Turner
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Ocean-Scale Monitoring Of Mesozooplankton On Atlantic Meridional Transect 21, Pf Culverhouse, R Williams, C Gallienne, J Tilbury, D Wall-Palmer
Ocean-Scale Monitoring Of Mesozooplankton On Atlantic Meridional Transect 21, Pf Culverhouse, R Williams, C Gallienne, J Tilbury, D Wall-Palmer
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
An in-flow instrument for imaging and identifying meso-zooplankton from a ship’s clean pumped sea water supply, from 6m, is described. Meso-zooplankton abundance was measured continuously, from 38 transects and 36 net hauls (0 - 200m), on a 13,500 km passage from the Bay of Biscay to the southern Atlantic Ocean on Atlantic Meridian Transect 21. A Line scan camera was used to give complete imaging of the in-flow water, in contrast to normal area scan cameras that sub-sample the flow. A total of 474 m³ of water was processed from transects and nearly 600,000 particles were imaged and categorized. Similarly, …
Global, Regional, And National Comparative Risk Assessment Of 79 Behavioural, Environmental And Occupational, And Metabolic Risks Or Clusters Of Risks, 1990–2015: A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2015, Gbd 2015 Risk Factors Collaborators
Global, Regional, And National Comparative Risk Assessment Of 79 Behavioural, Environmental And Occupational, And Metabolic Risks Or Clusters Of Risks, 1990–2015: A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2015, Gbd 2015 Risk Factors Collaborators
Peninsula Medical School
BACKGROUND: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 provides an up-to-date synthesis of the evidence for risk factor exposure and the attributable burden of disease. By providing national and subnational assessments spanning the past 25 years, this study can inform debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. METHODS: We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease Study to estimate attributable deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and trends in exposure by age group, sex, year, and geography for 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or …
Global, Regional, And National Levels Of Maternal Mortality, 1990–2015: A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2015, Gbd 2015 Maternal Mortality Collaborators
Global, Regional, And National Levels Of Maternal Mortality, 1990–2015: A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2015, Gbd 2015 Maternal Mortality Collaborators
Peninsula Medical School
BACKGROUND: In transitioning from the Millennium Development Goal to the Sustainable Development Goal era, it is imperative to comprehensively assess progress toward reducing maternal mortality to identify areas of success, remaining challenges, and frame policy discussions. We aimed to quantify maternal mortality throughout the world by underlying cause and age from 1990 to 2015. METHODS: We estimated maternal mortality at the global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2015 for ages 10-54 years by systematically compiling and processing all available data sources from 186 of 195 countries and territories, 11 of which were analysed at the subnational level. We …
Global, Regional, And National Incidence, Prevalence, And Years Lived With Disability For 310 Diseases And Injuries, 1990–2015: A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2015, Gbd 2015 Disease And Injury Incidence And Prevalence Collaborators
Global, Regional, And National Incidence, Prevalence, And Years Lived With Disability For 310 Diseases And Injuries, 1990–2015: A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2015, Gbd 2015 Disease And Injury Incidence And Prevalence Collaborators
Peninsula Medical School
BACKGROUND: Non-fatal outcomes of disease and injury increasingly detract from the ability of the world's population to live in full health, a trend largely attributable to an epidemiological transition in many countries from causes affecting children, to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) more common in adults. For the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015), we estimated the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for diseases and injuries at the global, regional, and national scale over the period of 1990 to 2015. METHODS: We estimated incidence and prevalence by age, sex, cause, year, and geography with …
Analysis Of The Elemental Composition Of Marine Litter By Field-Portable-Xrf, Andrew Turner, Kevin R. Solman
Analysis Of The Elemental Composition Of Marine Litter By Field-Portable-Xrf, Andrew Turner, Kevin R. Solman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Impacts Of Port Development On Estuarine Morphodynamics: Ribadeo (Spain), M Prumm, G Iglesias
Impacts Of Port Development On Estuarine Morphodynamics: Ribadeo (Spain), M Prumm, G Iglesias
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics
Port developments in estuaries can significantly affect estuarine dynamics, causing hydrodynamic changes that can in turn affect sediment transport patterns. Understanding these impacts is crucial in view of the socioeconomic relevance of estuaries and their high sensitivity – as the complex natural systems that they are. The objective of this work is to investigate the impact of port expansion on estuarine dynamics through a case study. Process-based models are implemented to investigate the morphodynamic response of the estuary to the expansion of the Port of Ribadeo. The models simulate the hydrodynamics and sediment transport of the estuary with and without …
Stable Isotopes And Mtdna Reveal Niche Segregation But No Evidence Of Intergradation Along A Habitat Gradient In The Lesser Whitethroat Complex (Sylvia Curruca; Passeriformes; Aves), Stephen C. Votier, Simon Aspinall, Stuart Bearhop, David Bilton, Jason Newton, Per Alström, Paul Leader, Geoff Carey, Robert W. Furnes, Urban Olsson
Stable Isotopes And Mtdna Reveal Niche Segregation But No Evidence Of Intergradation Along A Habitat Gradient In The Lesser Whitethroat Complex (Sylvia Curruca; Passeriformes; Aves), Stephen C. Votier, Simon Aspinall, Stuart Bearhop, David Bilton, Jason Newton, Per Alström, Paul Leader, Geoff Carey, Robert W. Furnes, Urban Olsson
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
No abstract provided.
Return Of Naturally Sourced Pb To Atlantic Surface Waters, Luke Bridgestock, De Flierdt T Van, M Rehkamper, Maxence Paul, Rob Middag, Angela Milne, Maeve C. Lohan, Alex R. Baker, Rosie Chance, Roulin Khondoker, Stanislav Strekopytov, Emma Humphreys-Williams, Eric P. Achterberg, Micha J.A. Rijkenberg, Loes J.A. Gerringa, Baar Hjw De
Return Of Naturally Sourced Pb To Atlantic Surface Waters, Luke Bridgestock, De Flierdt T Van, M Rehkamper, Maxence Paul, Rob Middag, Angela Milne, Maeve C. Lohan, Alex R. Baker, Rosie Chance, Roulin Khondoker, Stanislav Strekopytov, Emma Humphreys-Williams, Eric P. Achterberg, Micha J.A. Rijkenberg, Loes J.A. Gerringa, Baar Hjw De
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Anthropogenic emissions completely overwhelmed natural marine lead (Pb) sources during the past century, predominantly due to leaded petrol usage. Here, based on Pb isotope measurements, we reassess the importance of natural and anthropogenic Pb sources to the tropical North Atlantic following the nearly complete global cessation of leaded petrol use. Significant proportions of up to 30–50% of natural Pb, derived from mineral dust, are observed in Atlantic surface waters, reflecting the success of the global effort to reduce anthropogenic Pb emissions. The observation of mineral dust derived Pb in surface waters is governed by the elevated atmospheric mineral dust concentration …
3-D Models And Structural Analysis Of Rock Avalanches: The Study Of The Deformation Process To Better Understand The Propagation Mechanism, C Longchamp, A Abellan, M Jaboyedoff, I Manzella
3-D Models And Structural Analysis Of Rock Avalanches: The Study Of The Deformation Process To Better Understand The Propagation Mechanism, C Longchamp, A Abellan, M Jaboyedoff, I Manzella
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Abstract. Rock avalanches are extremely destructive and uncontrollable events that involve a great volume of material (> 106 m3) and several complex processes, and they are difficult to witness. For this reason the study of these phenomena using analog modeling and the accurate analysis of deposit structures and features of laboratory data and historic events become of great importance in the understanding of their behavior. The main objective of this research is to analyze rock avalanche dynamics and deformation process by means of a detailed structural analysis of the deposits coming from data of 3-D measurements of mass movements of …
Unexpected Removal Of The Most Neutral Cationic Pharmaceutical In River Waters, Mark F. Fitzsimons, Alan D. Tappin, Alan J. Mccarthy, J. Paul Loughnane
Unexpected Removal Of The Most Neutral Cationic Pharmaceutical In River Waters, Mark F. Fitzsimons, Alan D. Tappin, Alan J. Mccarthy, J. Paul Loughnane
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
The Impact Of Natural And Anthropogenic Dissolved Organic Carbon (Doc), And Ph On The Toxicity Of Triclosan To The Crustacean Gammarus Pulex (L.)., Sean D.W. Comber, Christopher J. Rowett, Thomas H. Hutchinson
The Impact Of Natural And Anthropogenic Dissolved Organic Carbon (Doc), And Ph On The Toxicity Of Triclosan To The Crustacean Gammarus Pulex (L.)., Sean D.W. Comber, Christopher J. Rowett, Thomas H. Hutchinson
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Regulatory ecotoxicology testing rarely accounts for the influence of natural water chemistry on the bioavailability and toxicity of a chemical. Therefore, this study identifies whether key omissions in relation to Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) and pH have an impact on measured effect concentrations (EC). Laboratory ecotoxicology tests were undertaken for the widely used antimicrobial compound triclosan, using adult Gammarus pulex (L.), a wild-type amphipod using synthetic fresh water, humic acid solutions and wastewater treatment works effluent. The toxicity of triclosan was tested at two different pHs of 7.3 and 8.4, with and without the addition of DOC and 24 and …
Determination Of Rare Earth Elements In Natural Water Samples – A Review Of Sample Separation, Preconcentration And Direct Methodologies, Andrew Fisher, Derya Kara
Determination Of Rare Earth Elements In Natural Water Samples – A Review Of Sample Separation, Preconcentration And Direct Methodologies, Andrew Fisher, Derya Kara
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
This review discusses and compares the methods given for the determination of rare earth elements (REE) in natural water samples, including sea, river, lake, tap, ground and waste waters as well as Antarctic ice. Since REE are at very low concentrations in natural waters, numerous different preconcentration methods have been proposed to enable their measurement. These include liquid liquid extraction, dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction and solidified floating drop micro-extraction. In addition to liquid-liquid extraction methods, solid phase extraction using commercial resins, resins made in-house, silica-based exchange materials and other solid media is also discussed. These and other techniques such as precipitation/co-precipitation …
Eco-Engineered Rock Pools: A Concrete Solution To Biodiversity Loss And Urban Sprawl In The Marine Environment, Lb Firth, Ka Browne, Am Knights, Sj Hawkins, R Nash
Eco-Engineered Rock Pools: A Concrete Solution To Biodiversity Loss And Urban Sprawl In The Marine Environment, Lb Firth, Ka Browne, Am Knights, Sj Hawkins, R Nash
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
In coastal habitats artificial structures typically support lower biodiversity and can support greater numbers of non-native and opportunistic species than natural rocky reefs. Eco-engineering experiments are typically trialed to succeed; but arguably as much is learnt from failure than from success. Our goal was to trial a generic, cost effective, eco-engineering technique that could be incorporated into rock armouring anywhere in the world. Artificial rock pools were created from manipulated concrete between boulders on the exposed and sheltered sides of a causeway. Experimental treatments were installed in locations where they were expected to fail and compared to controls installed in …
Filming The River:: Memories Of The Tidal Tamar, K Parker, S Moore
Filming The River:: Memories Of The Tidal Tamar, K Parker, S Moore
School of Art, Design and Architecture
No abstract provided.
Coupling Of Marine And Continental Oxygen Isotope Records During The Eocene-Oligocene Transition, Nathan D. Sheldon, Stephen T. Grimes, Jerry J. Hooker, Margaret E. Collinson, Melanie J. Bugler, Michael T. Hren, Gregory D. Price, Paul A. Sutton
Coupling Of Marine And Continental Oxygen Isotope Records During The Eocene-Oligocene Transition, Nathan D. Sheldon, Stephen T. Grimes, Jerry J. Hooker, Margaret E. Collinson, Melanie J. Bugler, Michael T. Hren, Gregory D. Price, Paul A. Sutton
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Resilience Of Small-Scale Societies’ Livelihoods: A Framework For Studying The Transition From Food Gathering To Food Production, C Lancelotti, D Zurro, Nj Whitehouse, M Madella, Et Al
Resilience Of Small-Scale Societies’ Livelihoods: A Framework For Studying The Transition From Food Gathering To Food Production, C Lancelotti, D Zurro, Nj Whitehouse, M Madella, Et Al
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The origins of agriculture and the shift from hunting and gathering to committed agriculture is regarded as one of the major transitions in human history. Archeologists and anthropologists have invested significant efforts in explaining the origins of agriculture. A period of gathering intensification and experimentation and pursuing a mixed economic strategy seems the most plausible explanation for the transition to agriculture and provides an approach to study a process in which several nonlinear processes may have played a role. However, the mechanisms underlying the transition to full agriculture are not completely clear. This is partly due to the nature of …
Co-Creating In The Landscape With Dominica Williamson, K Parker
Co-Creating In The Landscape With Dominica Williamson, K Parker
School of Art, Design and Architecture
Catalogue essay for the Leverhulme Trust Artist-in-residence TAGSCAPE exhibition by John Martin and Dominica Williamson at the Royal Geographical Society Annual International Conference, London, 30 August to 2 September 2016.Published by Plymouth University, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences. pp. 14-15. Limited edition of 50.
Source Identification And Distribution Reveals The Potential Of The Geochemical Antarctic Sea Ice Proxy Ipso25, S. T. Belt, L. Smik, T. A. Brown, J. H. Kim, S. J. Rowland, C. S. Allen, J. K. Gal, K. H. Shin, J. I. Lee, K. W.R. Taylor
Source Identification And Distribution Reveals The Potential Of The Geochemical Antarctic Sea Ice Proxy Ipso25, S. T. Belt, L. Smik, T. A. Brown, J. H. Kim, S. J. Rowland, C. S. Allen, J. K. Gal, K. H. Shin, J. I. Lee, K. W.R. Taylor
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The presence of a di-unsaturated highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) lipid biomarker (diene II) in Southern Ocean sediments has previously been proposed as a proxy measure of palaeo Antarctic sea ice. Here we show that a source of diene II is the sympagic diatom Berkeleya adeliensis Medlin. Furthermore, the propensity for B. adeliensis to flourish in platelet ice is reflected by an offshore downward gradient in diene II concentration in >100 surface sediments from Antarctic coastal and near-coastal environments. Since platelet ice formation is strongly associated with super-cooled freshwater inflow, we further hypothesize that sedimentary diene II provides a potentially sensitive …
Extracting Palaeoflood Data From Coarse-Grained Pleistocene River Terrace Archives: An Example From Se Spain, Anne Mather, Martin Stokes
Extracting Palaeoflood Data From Coarse-Grained Pleistocene River Terrace Archives: An Example From Se Spain, Anne Mather, Martin Stokes
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Field based palaeoflood event reconstruction has the potential to contribute to the development of our understanding of longterm landscape evolution. However the reconstruction of past flow event histories (magnitude and frequency) over long-term (Quaternary) timescales is fraught with difficulties. Here we make a preliminary exploration of some of the practicalities of flood reconstruction from fluvial terrace archives using commonly available sedimentological and geomorphological observations from a field perspective. We utilize Manning and palaeostage indicators to reconstruct historic events that can be used as benchmarks for a lesser used competence based approach (Clarke 1996), which is applied to coarse-grained strath terrace …
Late-Glacial And Holocene European Pollen Data, Simon Brewer, Thomas Giesecke, Basil A.S. Davis, Walter Finsinger, Steffen Wolters, Heather Binney, Beaulieu J-L De, Ralph Fyfe, Graciela Gil-Romera, Norbert Kühl, Petr Kuneš, Michelle Leydet, Richard H. Bradshaw
Late-Glacial And Holocene European Pollen Data, Simon Brewer, Thomas Giesecke, Basil A.S. Davis, Walter Finsinger, Steffen Wolters, Heather Binney, Beaulieu J-L De, Ralph Fyfe, Graciela Gil-Romera, Norbert Kühl, Petr Kuneš, Michelle Leydet, Richard H. Bradshaw
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
The Effect Of A Glaciation On East Central Sweden: Case Studies On Present Glaciers And Analyses Of Landform Data, P Holmlund, Cc Clason, K Blomdahl
The Effect Of A Glaciation On East Central Sweden: Case Studies On Present Glaciers And Analyses Of Landform Data, P Holmlund, Cc Clason, K Blomdahl
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Conflicts In Some Of The World Harbours: What Needs To Happen Next?, S Pearson, W Windupranata, Sw Pranowo, A Putri, Et Al
Conflicts In Some Of The World Harbours: What Needs To Happen Next?, S Pearson, W Windupranata, Sw Pranowo, A Putri, Et Al
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Harbours are a focus of intensive and diverse activities and thus have a high potential to become centres of conflict between users. Reviewing the multiple uses associated with harbours provides important insights into maritime communities and the management of conflict. In this paper, seven international, multi-disciplinary groups provide their expert synthesis of individual harbours. After a detailed discussion experts from Sydney, Qingdao, Vigo, Auckland, Jakarta, Crete and Plymouth synthesised and shared their harbour’s characteristics, user conflicts and how such conflicts have been researched and managed. The paper addresses an omission of “conflict” in most of the research literature about harbours, …