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Articles 1861 - 1890 of 2987
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Mobilisation Kinetics Of Hazardous Elements In Marine Plastics Subject To An Avian Physiologically-Based Extraction Test., Andrew Turner
Mobilisation Kinetics Of Hazardous Elements In Marine Plastics Subject To An Avian Physiologically-Based Extraction Test., Andrew Turner
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Samples of plastic collected from two beaches in southwest England (n = 185) have been analysed by XRF spectrometry for elements that are hazardous or restricted in synthetic polymers (namely, As, Ba, Br, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Sb and Se). Overall, one or more restricted element was detected in 151 samples, with 15 cases exhibiting non-compliance with respect to the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive. Twelve plastics that were RoHS-non-compliant were subsequently processed into microplastic-sized fragments and subjected to an avian physiologically-based extraction test (PBET) that simulates the chemical conditions in the gizzard-proventriculus of the northern fulmar. Kinetic profiles …
Microplastics In Different Tissues Of Fish And Prawn From The Musa Estuary, Persian Gulf., Sajjad Abbasi, Naghmeh Soltani, Behnam Keshavarzi, Farid Moore, Andrew Turner, Mina Hassanaghaei
Microplastics In Different Tissues Of Fish And Prawn From The Musa Estuary, Persian Gulf., Sajjad Abbasi, Naghmeh Soltani, Behnam Keshavarzi, Farid Moore, Andrew Turner, Mina Hassanaghaei
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Commercially-important species of fish and a crustacean from four sites in the Musa estuary and a site in the Persian Gulf have been analysed for the presence and location of microplastics (MPs). A total of 828 MPs were detected in the guts (gastrointestinal tracts), skin, muscle, gills and liver of demersal and pelagic fish (Platycephalus indicus, Saurida tumbil, Sillago sihama, Cynoglossus abbreviatus) from all five sites and in the exoskeleton and muscle of the tiger prawn, Penaeus semisulcatus, from three sites. On an individual basis, MPs were most abundant in P. indicus (mean = 21.8) and least frequently encountered in …
Catchment Changes In Response To Tectonics And Climate: Using River Terraces And Dem Data In The Southern High Atlas Mountains (Morocco), Jr Zondervan, M Stokes, Sj Boulton, Ae Mather, Mw Telfer
Catchment Changes In Response To Tectonics And Climate: Using River Terraces And Dem Data In The Southern High Atlas Mountains (Morocco), Jr Zondervan, M Stokes, Sj Boulton, Ae Mather, Mw Telfer
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Tectonics and climate drive the generation and transport of sediment in mountain rivers as these evolve over time. On a glacial-interglacial scale, in particular catchment reorganisation and catchment incision dynamics control these processes, and affect fan deposition in sedimentary basins. The Atlas Mountains in Morocco exhibit ongoing catchment reorganisation and an abundance of river terraces recording glacial fluvial aggradation and interglacial-glacial incisional periods, opening up insight into the processes behind catchment evolution over geological timescales. Topography and river profiles across drainage divides are similar in a stable divide, and if they are unequal they indicate active catchment reorganisation. When reorganisation …
Tsunami Generation By Combined Fault Rupture And Landsliding, Del Postigo Prieto N Perez, A Raby, Sj Boulton, C Whittaker
Tsunami Generation By Combined Fault Rupture And Landsliding, Del Postigo Prieto N Perez, A Raby, Sj Boulton, C Whittaker
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics
Tsunami generation and propagation mechanisms should be clearly understood in order to inform predictive models and improve coastal community preparedness. Experimental results, supported by mathematical models, could potentially provide valuable input data for standard predictive models of tsunami generation and propagation. A unique set-up has been developed to reproduce a dual-source tsunami generation mechanism. The test-rig replicates a two-dimensional underwater fault rupture followed by a submarine landslide. The set-up was placed in a 20m flume of the COAST laboratory at Plymouth University. The aim of the experiments is to provide quality data for developing a parametrization of the initial conditions …
Qos Assessment And Modelling Of Connected Vehicle Network Within Internet Of Vehicles, Ai Khan, C Goh, Cl Lim, S Sharma
Qos Assessment And Modelling Of Connected Vehicle Network Within Internet Of Vehicles, Ai Khan, C Goh, Cl Lim, S Sharma
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics
Connected vehicles have huge potential in improving road safety and traffic congestion. The primary aim of this paper is threefold: firstly to present an overview of network models in connected vehicles; secondly to analyze the factors that impact the Quality of Service (QoS) of connected vehicles and thirdly to present initial modelling results on Link QoS. We use the open access Geometry-based Efficient Propagation Model (GEMV2) data to carry out Analysis of Variance, Principal Component Analysis and Classical Multi-Dimensional scaling on the link quality for vehicle-2-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-2-infrastucture (V2i) data and found that both line of sight and non-line …
Does Carbon Limitation Reduce Nitrogen Retention In Soil?, H. Kate Schofield, Alan D. Tappin, Mark F. Fitzsimons
Does Carbon Limitation Reduce Nitrogen Retention In Soil?, H. Kate Schofield, Alan D. Tappin, Mark F. Fitzsimons
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Processes Of Distribution Of Pharmaceuticals In Surface Freshwaters: Implications For Risk Assessment, Sean Comber, Simone Bagnis, Jason Snape, Mark F. Fitzsimons, Alan Tappin
Processes Of Distribution Of Pharmaceuticals In Surface Freshwaters: Implications For Risk Assessment, Sean Comber, Simone Bagnis, Jason Snape, Mark F. Fitzsimons, Alan Tappin
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Intravenous Injection Of Unfunctionalized Carbon-Based Nanomaterials Confirms The Minimal Toxicity Observed In Aqueous And Dietary Exposures In Juvenile Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus Mykiss ), David Boyle, Paul A. Sutton, Richard D. Handy, Theodore B. Henry
Intravenous Injection Of Unfunctionalized Carbon-Based Nanomaterials Confirms The Minimal Toxicity Observed In Aqueous And Dietary Exposures In Juvenile Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus Mykiss ), David Boyle, Paul A. Sutton, Richard D. Handy, Theodore B. Henry
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Detecting Environmental Change: How Many Samples Are Required?, M. J. Gardner, S. D.W. Comber
Detecting Environmental Change: How Many Samples Are Required?, M. J. Gardner, S. D.W. Comber
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
One of the most important functions of environmental monitoring is the detection of change. This can be the delineation of deteriorating circumstances or the identification of the success of remedial measures. The design of effective monitoring of change (and hence the optimisation of resources devoted to monitoring) relies on appropriate replication - knowing how many samples are required. Lack of information on the variance of the measured parameter is often a barrier to determining the optimum sampling strategy. An important new information resource on within-site variance of the concentrations of over 60 trace substances in wastewater treatment works effluents has …
Sterol Identification In Floating Arctic Sea Ice Algal Aggregates And The Antarctic Sea Ice Diatom Berkeleya Adeliensis, Simon T. Belt, Thomas A. Brown, Lukas Smik, Philipp Assmy, C. J. Mundy
Sterol Identification In Floating Arctic Sea Ice Algal Aggregates And The Antarctic Sea Ice Diatom Berkeleya Adeliensis, Simon T. Belt, Thomas A. Brown, Lukas Smik, Philipp Assmy, C. J. Mundy
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Archaeal And Bacterial Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraether (Gdgt) Lipids In Environmental Samples By High Temperature-Gas Chromatography With Flame Ionisation And Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Detection, Sabine K. Lengger, Paul A. Sutton, Steven J. Rowland, Sarah J. Hurley, Ann Pearson, B. David A. Naafs, Xinyue Dang, Gordon N. Inglis, Richard D. Pancost
Archaeal And Bacterial Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraether (Gdgt) Lipids In Environmental Samples By High Temperature-Gas Chromatography With Flame Ionisation And Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Detection, Sabine K. Lengger, Paul A. Sutton, Steven J. Rowland, Sarah J. Hurley, Ann Pearson, B. David A. Naafs, Xinyue Dang, Gordon N. Inglis, Richard D. Pancost
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Archaeal isoprenoidal glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether lipids (iGDGTs) and their non-isoprenoidal branched bacterial analogues (brGDGTs) have widespread applications in biogeochemistry and paleothermometry. Analysis of GDGTs usually involves separation using high performance liquid chromatography, typically coupled via atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation to mass spectrometric detection in selected ion-monitoring mode (HPLC–APCI-MS). However, reliable determination of ratios and, in particular, quantification by this technique, can be challenging due to differences in ionisation efficiencies of the various compounds. Quantification of GDGTs also relies on external calibration of the relative response to an internal standard with authenticated GDGTs, which are often not readily accessible. Here, …
Differences In Leaf Thermoregulation And Water Use Strategies Between Three Co-Occurring Atlantic Forest Tree Species, Sophie Fauset, Helber C. Freitas, David R. Galbraith, Martin J.P. Sullivan, Marcos P.M. Aidar, Carlos A. Joly, Oliver L. Phillips, Simone A. Vieira, Manuel U. Gloor
Differences In Leaf Thermoregulation And Water Use Strategies Between Three Co-Occurring Atlantic Forest Tree Species, Sophie Fauset, Helber C. Freitas, David R. Galbraith, Martin J.P. Sullivan, Marcos P.M. Aidar, Carlos A. Joly, Oliver L. Phillips, Simone A. Vieira, Manuel U. Gloor
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Atomic Spectrometry Update: Review Of Advances In Elemental Speciation, Robert Clough, Chris F. Harrington, Steve J. Hill, Yolanda Madrid, Julian F. Tyson
Atomic Spectrometry Update: Review Of Advances In Elemental Speciation, Robert Clough, Chris F. Harrington, Steve J. Hill, Yolanda Madrid, Julian F. Tyson
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
This review covers advances in elemental speciation by a range of coupled techniques, including HPLC-ICP-MS, HPLC-HG-AFS and GC-ICP-MS.
Source-Specific Biomarkers As Proxies For Arctic And Antarctic Sea Ice, Simon T. Belt
Source-Specific Biomarkers As Proxies For Arctic And Antarctic Sea Ice, Simon T. Belt
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Community Resilience In Rural China: The Case Of Hu Village, Sichuan Province, G Wilson, Z Hu, S Rahman
Community Resilience In Rural China: The Case Of Hu Village, Sichuan Province, G Wilson, Z Hu, S Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Building on conceptual frameworks to assess community resilience developed by Emery and Flora (2006) and Kelly et al. (2015), this study analyses the resilience of Hu village (Sichuan, China). The resilience of the village is assessed in the face of multiple and complex slow- and fast onset anthropogenic disturbances, especially the impacts of globalisation and modernisation, which have substantially transformed Chinese society. Hu village is typical for a rural community in transition affected by industrialisation, deagrarianisation, counter-urbanisation and changing stakeholder expectations and opportunities. This has been accompanied by agricultural depopulation, outmigration, increasing non-farm employment, declining agricultural incomes, and associated social …
Caradura: Migration, Informal Labor, And The Problem Of Enacting Trust In A Spanish Enclave In Morocco, Brian Campbell
Caradura: Migration, Informal Labor, And The Problem Of Enacting Trust In A Spanish Enclave In Morocco, Brian Campbell
School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences
AbstractSome social scientists have argued that state legal institutions are not effective at protecting immigrants. Proper evaluation of ethnographic data, they argue, shows that migrants integrate themselves by forming strong, personal relationships of trust and friendship minimally grounded in discourses of ethnicity or kinship. They also transcend legal and cultural categories and assign roles other than those of the state. This article tests this model against the experience of migrants, refugees, and transfronterizos/as (cross‐border laborers) engaged in informal ties of confianza (trust) in Ceuta, a small Spanish enclave in Morocco. Workers claim that while ties of confianza can transform into …
Being T/Here, R Mock
Being T/Here, R Mock
School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
Pliocene Stratigraphic Paleobiology In Tuscany And The Fossil Record Of Marine Megafauna, S Dominici, S Danise, M Benvenuti
Pliocene Stratigraphic Paleobiology In Tuscany And The Fossil Record Of Marine Megafauna, S Dominici, S Danise, M Benvenuti
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Tuscany has a rich Pliocene record of marine megafauna (MM), including mysticetes, odontocetes, sirenians and seals among the mammals, and six orders of sharks among the elasmobranchs. This is reviewed with respect to paleogeography and sequence-stratigraphy in six different basins. Conditions at the ancient seafloor are explored by means of sedimentary facies analysis, taphonomy and multivariate techniques applied to a large quantitative dataset of benthic molluscs. MM is rare or absent in most basins during the Zanclean, except in one basin, and most abundant in Piacenzian deposits in all six basins. MM occurs preferentially in fine-grained, shelfal highstand-deposits of small-scale …
The Future Trajectory Of Adverse Outcome Pathways: A Commentary, F Sewell, N Gellatly, M Beaumont, N Burden, R Currie, Haan L De, Th Hutchinson, M Jacobs, C Mahony, I Malcomber, J Mehta, G Whale, I Kimber
The Future Trajectory Of Adverse Outcome Pathways: A Commentary, F Sewell, N Gellatly, M Beaumont, N Burden, R Currie, Haan L De, Th Hutchinson, M Jacobs, C Mahony, I Malcomber, J Mehta, G Whale, I Kimber
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The advent of adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) has provided a new lexicon for description of mechanistic toxicology, and a renewed enthusiasm for exploring modes of action resulting in adverse health and environmental effects. In addition, AOPs have been used successfully as a framework for the design and development of non-animal approaches to toxicity testing. Although the value of AOPs is widely recognised, there remain challenges and opportunities associated with their use in practise. The purpose of this article is to consider specifically how the future trajectory of AOPs may provide a basis for addressing some of those challenges and opportunities.
On The Edge Of Exceptional Preservation: Insights Into The Role Of Redox State In Burgess Shale-Type Taphonomic Windows From The Mural Formation, Alberta, Canada, Erik A. Sperling, Uwe Balthasar, Christian B. Skovsted
On The Edge Of Exceptional Preservation: Insights Into The Role Of Redox State In Burgess Shale-Type Taphonomic Windows From The Mural Formation, Alberta, Canada, Erik A. Sperling, Uwe Balthasar, Christian B. Skovsted
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Block And Boulder Accumulations On The Southern Coast Of Crete (Greece): Evidence For The 365 Ce Tsunami In The Eastern Mediterranean, Sarah J. Boulton, Michael R.Z. Whitworth
Block And Boulder Accumulations On The Southern Coast Of Crete (Greece): Evidence For The 365 Ce Tsunami In The Eastern Mediterranean, Sarah J. Boulton, Michael R.Z. Whitworth
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Travel Writing In Place Branding - A Case Study On Nantes, C Mansfield
Travel Writing In Place Branding - A Case Study On Nantes, C Mansfield
Plymouth Business School
One of the main channels to communicate city branding, designed to attract British tourists for short breaks, is the travel section of the UK national press. With many newspapers now online for readers to browse, city branders have an accessible source of data to evaluate how their offer is presented. In this research, a collection of travel articles is analysed into themes for comparison with the elements used in place branding. The analysis discovers that 3 key elements used by commercial and academic place branders are not covered by contributors to the travel sections of the UK national press. The …
Factors Influencing Household Income In Poor Urban Slum Settlements In Bangladesh, S Rahman
Factors Influencing Household Income In Poor Urban Slum Settlements In Bangladesh, S Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The paper examines the influence of socio-economic factors on monthly total household income in poor urban slum settlements in four secondary cities of Bangladesh (i.e., Tongi, Jessore, Mymensingh and Dinajpur) based on a census survey of 33,049 households using a Tobit model. Results reveal that all levels of education, public sector employment, business, self-employment, homestead land ownership, family size, female occupation and urban agriculture significantly increases income whereas households with female heads, unemployed heads and children under 5 earn significantly less income. Migrant households do not earn significantly less than the local residents. Geographical variation exist as income is significantly …
Does Plasticity In Thermal Tolerance Trade Off With Inherent Tolerance? The Influence Of Setal Tracheal Gills On Thermal Tolerance And Its Plasticity In A Group Of European Diving Beetles., W. C.E.P. Verberk, P. Calosi, J. I. Spicer, S. Kehl, D. T. Bilton
Does Plasticity In Thermal Tolerance Trade Off With Inherent Tolerance? The Influence Of Setal Tracheal Gills On Thermal Tolerance And Its Plasticity In A Group Of European Diving Beetles., W. C.E.P. Verberk, P. Calosi, J. I. Spicer, S. Kehl, D. T. Bilton
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
In the face of global warming, both the absolute thermal tolerance of an ectotherms, and its ability to shift its tolerance level via acclimation, are thought to be fundamentally important. Understanding the links between tolerance and its plasticity is therefore critical to accurately predict vulnerability to warming. Previous studies in a number of ectotherm taxa suggest trade-offs in the evolution of thermal tolerance and its plasticity, something which does not, however, apply to Deronectes diving beetles, where these traits are instead positively correlated. Here we revisit the relationship between thermal tolerance and plasticity in these beetles, paying attention to a …
Fossils, Heritage And Conservation: Managing Demands On A Precious Resource, Kn Page
Fossils, Heritage And Conservation: Managing Demands On A Precious Resource, Kn Page
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
This book is an essential resource for geoscientists, park and geopark managers, tourism and regional planning managers, as well as university students interested in geoheritage, geosites, geomorphosites, geoconservation, and geotourism.
Hierarchical Creep Cavity Formation In An Ultramylonite And Implications For Phase Mixing, J Gilgannon, F Fusseis, L Menegon, K Regenauer-Lieb, J Buckman
Hierarchical Creep Cavity Formation In An Ultramylonite And Implications For Phase Mixing, J Gilgannon, F Fusseis, L Menegon, K Regenauer-Lieb, J Buckman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Abstract. Establishing models for the formation of well-mixed polyphase domains in ultramylonites is difficult because the effects of large strains and thermo-hydro-chemo-mechanical feedbacks can obscure the transient phenomena that may be responsible for domain production. We use scanning electron microscopy and nanotomography to offer critical insights into how the microstructure of a highly deformed quartzo-feldspathic ultramylonite evolved. The dispersal of monomineralic quartz domains in the ultramylonite is interpreted to be the result of the emergence of synkinematic pores, called creep cavities. The cavities can be considered the product of two distinct mechanisms that formed hierarchically: Zener–Stroh cracking and viscous grain-boundary …
Constraining The Deforestation History Of Europe: Evaluation Of Historical Land Use Scenarios With Pollen-Based Land Cover Reconstructions, Jed O. Kaplan, Kristen M. Krumhardt, Marie José Gaillard, Shinya Sugita, Anna Kari Trondman, Ralph Fyfe, Laurent Marquer, Florence Mazier, Anne Birgitte Nielsen
Constraining The Deforestation History Of Europe: Evaluation Of Historical Land Use Scenarios With Pollen-Based Land Cover Reconstructions, Jed O. Kaplan, Kristen M. Krumhardt, Marie José Gaillard, Shinya Sugita, Anna Kari Trondman, Ralph Fyfe, Laurent Marquer, Florence Mazier, Anne Birgitte Nielsen
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Active Normal Faults And Coupled Landscape Response: Bedrock Variability In The Southern Gulf Of Corinth, Central Greece, Jr Zondervan, Ac Whittaker, Re Bell, Se Watkins, Sas Brooke
Active Normal Faults And Coupled Landscape Response: Bedrock Variability In The Southern Gulf Of Corinth, Central Greece, Jr Zondervan, Ac Whittaker, Re Bell, Se Watkins, Sas Brooke
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Fluvial erosion processes control landscape response to climatic and tectonic signals and its propagation into sedimentary basins. Considerable effort has gone into quantifying and modelling the effect of changes in uplift rates on fluvial erosion in bedrock rivers. However, current landscape models, based on stream power, tend to ignore the effects bedrock variability. The lack of available data relating rock strength to bedrock erodibility in fluvial settings has limited our ability to explore this question. Recent attempts at modelling to resolve this issue rely on indirect or theoretical rock strength properties. An alternative approach requires field measurements of rock strength …
On Location, K Parker
On Location, K Parker
School of Art, Design and Architecture
Kayla Parker’s film On Location poses questions of radicalism both in terms of audio visual aesthetics and of filmmaking methodology in addition to more overtly political issues of environmental degradation, human and non-human relations and marginalised femininities. Acknowledging that her method of filmmaking is ‘predicated on there being no conscious aim either before or during the making process’, Parker reverse engineers an experimental approach to landscape filmmaking that synthesises phenomenology, écriture feminine, structural materialism and critical geography. The result is a beautiful depiction of the countryside hollow way visited by the British avant-garde filmmaker and performance artist, Annabel Nicolson, forty …
Quantifying The Erosional Response To Tectonic Forcing: Be10 Catchment Average Erosion Rates From The Taupo Rift, New Zealand., Sj Boulton, Kp Norton
Quantifying The Erosional Response To Tectonic Forcing: Be10 Catchment Average Erosion Rates From The Taupo Rift, New Zealand., Sj Boulton, Kp Norton
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
While it has long been known that denudation is greater in tectonically active areas, few studies have explicitly compared the relationship between uplift rates, catchment average erosion rates and fluvial geomorphic indices (i.e., the normalised steepness index, ksn). Here we present data from the actively extending Taupo Rift (North Island, New Zealand). At the southern end of the Taupo Rift, NE-striking faults primarily delineate the rift margins, uplifting the Kaimanawa Mountains to the east at around 1 mmyr-1 . Geologic mapping and topographic analysis indicates that the Kaimanawa Mountains are a tilted fault block, allowing the extrapolation of the uplift …