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Comparative Planetology Of The Inner Solar System; Using Flood Basalts On The Moon (Lunar Maria), Mars (Tharsis & Elysium), And Earth To Investigate The Magmatic Evolution Of Our Solar System., F Willcocks, St Grimes, Nr Stephen Aug 2021

Comparative Planetology Of The Inner Solar System; Using Flood Basalts On The Moon (Lunar Maria), Mars (Tharsis & Elysium), And Earth To Investigate The Magmatic Evolution Of Our Solar System., F Willcocks, St Grimes, Nr Stephen

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Soil Fertility And Land Sustainability In Usangu Basin-Tanzania, M Mng’Ong’O, Linus K. Munishi, William Blake, Sean Comber, Thomas H. Hutchinson, Patrick A. Ndakidemi Aug 2021

Soil Fertility And Land Sustainability In Usangu Basin-Tanzania, M Mng’Ong’O, Linus K. Munishi, William Blake, Sean Comber, Thomas H. Hutchinson, Patrick A. Ndakidemi

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Reconstructing The Changes In Sedimentation And Source Provenance In East African Hydropower Reservoirs: A Case Study Of Nyumba Ya Mungu In Tanzania, Aloyce I.M. Amasi, Maarten Wynants, Remegius A. Kawalla, Shovi Sawe, Linus Munishi, William H. Blake, Kelvin M. Mtei Aug 2021

Reconstructing The Changes In Sedimentation And Source Provenance In East African Hydropower Reservoirs: A Case Study Of Nyumba Ya Mungu In Tanzania, Aloyce I.M. Amasi, Maarten Wynants, Remegius A. Kawalla, Shovi Sawe, Linus Munishi, William H. Blake, Kelvin M. Mtei

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

This study aimed to reconstruct the sedimentation rates over time and identify the changing sources of sediment in a major hydropower reservoir in Tanzania, the Nyumba ya Mungu (NYM). Fallout 210Pb measurements were used to estimate age of sediment deposits and broad changes in sedimentation rates were reconstructed. Sedimentation peaks were cross referenced to geochemical profiles of allogenic and autogenic elemental constituents of the sediment column to confirm a causal link. Finally, geochemical fingerprinting of the sediment cores and potential sources were compared using a Bayesian mixing model (MixSIAR) to attribute the dominant riverine and land use sources to the …


Paleoseismological Findings At A New Trench Indicate The 1714 M8.1 Earthquake Ruptured The Main Frontal Thrust Over All The Bhutan Himalaya, Yuqiu Zhao, Djordje Grujic, Santanu Baruah, Dawchu Drukpa, Joanne Elkadi, György Hetényi, Georgina E. King, Zoë K. Mildon, Nityam Nepal, Caroline Welte Aug 2021

Paleoseismological Findings At A New Trench Indicate The 1714 M8.1 Earthquake Ruptured The Main Frontal Thrust Over All The Bhutan Himalaya, Yuqiu Zhao, Djordje Grujic, Santanu Baruah, Dawchu Drukpa, Joanne Elkadi, György Hetényi, Georgina E. King, Zoë K. Mildon, Nityam Nepal, Caroline Welte

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The 1714 Bhutan earthquake was one of the largest in the Himalaya in the last millennium. We show that the surface rupture caused by this earthquake extended further to the east than previously known, it was at least 175 km long, with slip exceeding 11 m at our study site. The age of the surface rupture was constrained by a combination of radiocarbon and traditional optically stimulated luminescence dating of affected river sediments. Computations using empirical scaling relationships, fitting historical observations and paleoseismic data, yielded a plausible magnitude of Mw 8.1 ± 0.4 and placed the hypocentre of the 1714 …


'Peace Throughout The Oceans And Seas Of The World': British Maritime Strategic Thought And World Order, 1892-1919, Louis Halewood Aug 2021

'Peace Throughout The Oceans And Seas Of The World': British Maritime Strategic Thought And World Order, 1892-1919, Louis Halewood

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

Prior to 1914, British strategic thinkers considered the question of how to maintain British world power in the twentieth century. They developed visions of co-operation at sea between not only Britain and the Dominions, but also other states in the international system. During the First World War, these ideas merged with plans for the League of Nations, which British policymakers envisaged as a tool for enforcing peace through the use of sea power. This article explores these ideas, providing a different interpretation of the origins of the League, and the maritime strategic thought of key individuals including Halford Mackinder.


Paint Particles In The Marine Environment: An Overlooked Component Of Microplastics, Andrew Turner Aug 2021

Paint Particles In The Marine Environment: An Overlooked Component Of Microplastics, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Because paint particles consist of a resin (polymer) combined with one or more additives, they bear compositional similarities with microplastics. Despite these shared characteristics, however, paint particles are oftenundetected, deliberately overlooked or evade classification in the pool of micro-debris (all synthetic debris of < 5mm in size), and in particular in the marine setting where an extensive body of microplastic literature exists.Accordingly, the present paper provides a critical insight into the physico-chemical properties, sources, distributions, behaviour and toxicity of paint particles in the marine environment.Paint particles contain a greater proportion of additives than plastics and, consequently, are more brittle,angular, opaque, dense, heterogeneous and layered than microplastics of equivalent dimensions. Land-basedsources of paint particles, including deteriorating or disturbed coatings on roads and building, are transportedto the ocean with other microplastics via urban runoff, water treatment facilities and the atmosphere. However,inputs of paint particles are enhanced significantly and more directly by the disturbance, erosion and weatheringof coatings on coastal structures, boats and ships. Estimates of paint particle emissions to the marine environmentvary widely, with calculated contributions to the total synthetic micro-debris input as high as 35%. Upper estimates are consistent with available (albeit limited) quantitative information on the relative abundance of paintparticles amongst synthetic material captured by sea surface trawls and ingested by marine animals. Of greatestenvironmental concern is the high chemical toxicity of paint particles compared with similarly-sized microplastics and other synthetic debris. This results from the contemporary and historical use of high concentrationsof hazardous inorganic additives in marine antifouling and land-based paints, and the relatively ready mobilisation of harmful ions, like Cu+/Cu2+, TBT+, Pb2+ and CrO42− , from the matrix. Recommendations arising fromthis review include greater use of particulate capturing devices, waste collection systems and recycling facilitiesduring paint disturbance, raising awareness of the potential impacts of discarded paint amongst users, andalerting the microplastic community to the significance of paint particles and developing means by which theyare isolated from environmental samples.


Hydrothermal Alteration Of The Ocean Crust And Patterns In Mineralization With Depth As Measured By Micro‐Imaging Infrared Spectroscopy, Rebecca N. Greenberger, Michelle Harris, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Molly A. Crotteau, Peter B. Kelemen, Craig E. Manning, Damon A.H. Teagle Aug 2021

Hydrothermal Alteration Of The Ocean Crust And Patterns In Mineralization With Depth As Measured By Micro‐Imaging Infrared Spectroscopy, Rebecca N. Greenberger, Michelle Harris, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Molly A. Crotteau, Peter B. Kelemen, Craig E. Manning, Damon A.H. Teagle

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Processes for formation, cooling, and altering Earth's ocean crust are not yet completely understood due to challenges in access and sampling. Here, we use contiguous micro-imaging infrared spectroscopy to develop complete-core maps of mineral occurrence and investigate spatial patterns in the hydrothermal alteration of 1.2 km of oceanic crust recovered from Oman Drilling Project Holes GT1A, GT2A, and GT3A drilled in the Samail Ophiolite, Oman. The imaging spectrometer shortwave infrared sensor measured reflectance of light at wavelengths 1.0–2.6 μm at 250–260 μm/pixel, resulting in >1 billion independent measurements. We map distributions of nine key primary and secondary minerals/mineral groups—clinopyroxene, amphibole, …


Integrating Land‐Water‐People Connectivity Concepts Across Disciplines For Co‐Design Of Soil Erosion Solutions, William H. Blake, Claire Kelly, Maarten Wynants, Aloyce Patrick, Shaun Lewin, Joseph Lawson, Emmanuel Nasolwa, Annabel Page, Mona Nasseri, Carey Marks, David Gilvear, Kelvin Mtei, Linus Munishi, Patrick Ndakidemi Jul 2021

Integrating Land‐Water‐People Connectivity Concepts Across Disciplines For Co‐Design Of Soil Erosion Solutions, William H. Blake, Claire Kelly, Maarten Wynants, Aloyce Patrick, Shaun Lewin, Joseph Lawson, Emmanuel Nasolwa, Annabel Page, Mona Nasseri, Carey Marks, David Gilvear, Kelvin Mtei, Linus Munishi, Patrick Ndakidemi

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Soil resources in East Africa are being rapidly depleted by erosion, threatening food, water and livelihood security in the region. Here we demonstrate how the integration of evidence from natural and social sciences has supported a community-led change in land management in an agro-pastoral community in northern Tanzania. Geospatial analysis of erosion risk and extent (based on a drone survey across a 3.6 km2 sub-catchment) revealed that recently converted land had ca 12-times greater rill density than established slow-forming terraced plots (987 ± 840 m2 ha−1 vs. 79 ± 110 m2 ha−1). Slope length …


Wave, Tide And Topographical Controls On Headland Sand Bypassing, E. V. King, D. C. Conley, G. Masselink, N. Leonardi, R. J. Mccarroll, T. Scott, N. G. Valiente Jul 2021

Wave, Tide And Topographical Controls On Headland Sand Bypassing, E. V. King, D. C. Conley, G. Masselink, N. Leonardi, R. J. Mccarroll, T. Scott, N. G. Valiente

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Characteristics Of Landslide Path Dependency Revealed Through Multiple Resolution Landslide Inventories In The Nepal Himalaya, Storm Roberts, Joshua N. Jones, Sarah J. Boulton Jul 2021

Characteristics Of Landslide Path Dependency Revealed Through Multiple Resolution Landslide Inventories In The Nepal Himalaya, Storm Roberts, Joshua N. Jones, Sarah J. Boulton

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Investigating Endocrine‐Disrupting Properties Of Chemicals In Fish And Amphibians: Opportunities To Apply The 3rs, N Burden, Mr Embry, Th Hutchinson, Sg Lynn, Sk Maynard, Ca Mitchell, F Pellizzato, F Sewell, Kl Thorpe, L Weltje, Jr Wheeler Jul 2021

Investigating Endocrine‐Disrupting Properties Of Chemicals In Fish And Amphibians: Opportunities To Apply The 3rs, N Burden, Mr Embry, Th Hutchinson, Sg Lynn, Sk Maynard, Ca Mitchell, F Pellizzato, F Sewell, Kl Thorpe, L Weltje, Jr Wheeler

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Many regulations are beginning to explicitly require investigation of a chemical's endocrine-disrupting properties as a part of the safety assessment process for substances already on or about to be placed on the market. Different jurisdictions are applying distinct approaches. However, all share a common theme requiring testing for endocrine activity and adverse effects, typically involving in vitro and in vivo assays on selected endocrine pathways. For ecotoxicological evaluation, in vivo assays can be performed across various animal species, including mammals, amphibians, and fish. Results indicating activity (i.e., that a test substance may interact with the endocrine system) from in vivo …


Seasonal Cycling Of Zinc And Cobalt In The South-Eastern Atlantic Along The Geotraces Ga10 Section, Neil J. Wyatt, Angela Milne, Eric P. Achterberg, Thomas J. Browning, Heather A. Bouman, E. Malcolm S. Woodward, Maeve C. Lohan Jul 2021

Seasonal Cycling Of Zinc And Cobalt In The South-Eastern Atlantic Along The Geotraces Ga10 Section, Neil J. Wyatt, Angela Milne, Eric P. Achterberg, Thomas J. Browning, Heather A. Bouman, E. Malcolm S. Woodward, Maeve C. Lohan

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Abstract. We report the distributions and stoichiometry of dissolved zinc (dZn) and cobalt (dCo) in sub-tropical and sub-Antarctic waters of the south-eastern Atlantic Ocean during austral spring 2010 and summer 2011/2012. In sub-tropical surface waters, mixed-layer dZn and dCo concentrations during early spring were 1.60 ± 2.58 nM and 30 ± 11 pM, respectively, compared with summer values of 0.14 ± 0.08 nM and 24 ± 6 pM. The elevated spring dZn concentrations resulted from an apparent offshore transport of elevated dZn at depths between 20–55 m, derived from the Agulhas Bank. In contrast, open-ocean sub-Antarctic surface waters displayed largely …


Analysis Of Coastal Health Outcomes., S Asthana, A Gibson Jul 2021

Analysis Of Coastal Health Outcomes., S Asthana, A Gibson

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.


Type Ii Photosensitized Oxidation In Senescent Microalgal Cells At Different Latitudes: Does Low Under-Ice Irradiance In Polar Regions Enhance Efficiency?, Jean François Rontani, Rémi Amiraux, Lukas Smik, Stuart G. Wakeham, Aurélien Paulmier, Frédéric Vaultier, Ha Sun-Yong, Min Jun-Oh, Simon T. Belt Jul 2021

Type Ii Photosensitized Oxidation In Senescent Microalgal Cells At Different Latitudes: Does Low Under-Ice Irradiance In Polar Regions Enhance Efficiency?, Jean François Rontani, Rémi Amiraux, Lukas Smik, Stuart G. Wakeham, Aurélien Paulmier, Frédéric Vaultier, Ha Sun-Yong, Min Jun-Oh, Simon T. Belt

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Temporal Variations In Landslide Distributions Following Extreme Events: Implications For Landslide Susceptibility Modeling, J. N. Jones, S. J. Boulton, G. L. Bennett, M. Stokes, M. R.Z. Whitworth Jul 2021

Temporal Variations In Landslide Distributions Following Extreme Events: Implications For Landslide Susceptibility Modeling, J. N. Jones, S. J. Boulton, G. L. Bennett, M. Stokes, M. R.Z. Whitworth

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Landslide susceptibility models are fundamental components of landslide risk management strategies. These models typically assume that landslide occurrence is time-independent, even though processes including earthquake preconditioning and landslide path dependency transiently impact landslide occurrence. Understanding the temporal characteristics of landslide occurrence remains limited by a lack of systematic investigation into how landslide distributions vary through time, and how this impacts landslide susceptibility. Here, we apply Kolmogorov-Smirnoff and chi-square statistics to a 30-yr inventory of monsoon-triggered landslides from Nepal to systematically quantify how landslide spatial distributions vary through time in “normal” years and years impacted by extreme events. We then develop …


An Investigation Into The Determination Of Ammonium In Mine Bioleaching Solutions Utilising An Ammonia Gas Electrode, Daniel Rogers Jul 2021

An Investigation Into The Determination Of Ammonium In Mine Bioleaching Solutions Utilising An Ammonia Gas Electrode, Daniel Rogers

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Fixed nitrogen is an essential nutrient for bacteria used in the mining industry to solubilise metals from their associated ores in a process known as bioleaching. Most bacteria are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen, but those which are not require a feed solution of aqueous ammonium to meet their nitrogen requirements. Bioleaching operations are large scale and therefore the cost associated with providing aqueous nitrogen is considerable. It is therefore important that only the minimum amount of aqueous nitrogen is added during the process to minimise costs. Camborne School of Mines were investigating the potential loss of aqueous nitrogen from …


Accumulation And Bioconcentration Of Heavy Metals In Two Phases From Agricultural Soil To Plants In Usangu Agroecosystem-Tanzania, Marco Mng'ong'o, Linus K. Munishi, Patrick A. Ndakidemi, William Blake, Sean Comber, Thomas H. Hutchinson Jul 2021

Accumulation And Bioconcentration Of Heavy Metals In Two Phases From Agricultural Soil To Plants In Usangu Agroecosystem-Tanzania, Marco Mng'ong'o, Linus K. Munishi, Patrick A. Ndakidemi, William Blake, Sean Comber, Thomas H. Hutchinson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Effects Of Vegetation, Sediment Supply And Sea Level Rise On The Morphodynamic Evolution Of Tidal Channels, A Sgarabotto, A D'Alpaos, S Lanzoni Jul 2021

Effects Of Vegetation, Sediment Supply And Sea Level Rise On The Morphodynamic Evolution Of Tidal Channels, A Sgarabotto, A D'Alpaos, S Lanzoni

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Tidal channels play a leading role in the morphodynamic evolution of tidal environments by driving the exchange of water, sediments, and nutrients within these systems. Despite their fundamental function on landscape construction, current knowledge on their plano‐altimetric evolution in response to environmental forcing is still limited. We developed a mathematical model to address the interplay of biogeomorphic processes on the plano‐altimetric equilibrium of a straight tidal channel flanked by adjacent intertidal platforms. The model couples a one‐dimensional hydrodynamic model with a bed evolution model. The former describes the flow field within the channel and the storage contribution of lateral shoals. …


Quantifying The Competing Influences Of Lithology And Throw Rate On Bedrock River Incision, E. Kent, A. C. Whittaker, S. J. Boulton, M. C. Alçiçek Jul 2021

Quantifying The Competing Influences Of Lithology And Throw Rate On Bedrock River Incision, E. Kent, A. C. Whittaker, S. J. Boulton, M. C. Alçiçek

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

AbstractRiver incision in upland areas is controlled by prevailing climatic and tectonic regimes, which are increasingly well described, and the nature of the bedrock lithology, which is still poorly constrained. Here, we calculated downstream variations in stream power and bedrock strength for six rivers crossing a normal fault in western Turkey, to derive new constraints on bedrock erodibility as function of rock type. These rivers were selected because they exhibit knick zones representing a transient response to an increase in throw rate, driven by fault linkage. Field measures of rock mass strength showed that the metamorphic units (gneisses and schists) …


Archaeology And Agriculture: Plants, People And Past Land-Use, Vareilles A De, Ruth Pelling, Jessie Woodbridge, Ralph Fyfe Jun 2021

Archaeology And Agriculture: Plants, People And Past Land-Use, Vareilles A De, Ruth Pelling, Jessie Woodbridge, Ralph Fyfe

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Rare Earth Elements In Plastics, Andrew Turner, John W. Scott, Lee A. Green Jun 2021

Rare Earth Elements In Plastics, Andrew Turner, John W. Scott, Lee A. Green

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Drivers, Impacts And Mitigation Of Increased Sedimentation In The Hydropower Reservoirs Of East Africa, Aloyce Amasi, Maarten Wynants, William Blake, Kelvin Mtei Jun 2021

Drivers, Impacts And Mitigation Of Increased Sedimentation In The Hydropower Reservoirs Of East Africa, Aloyce Amasi, Maarten Wynants, William Blake, Kelvin Mtei

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Hydropower reservoirs are essential for the climate-neutral development of East Africa. Hydropower production, however, is threatened by human activities that lead to a decrease in water storage capacity of reservoirs. Land use/land cover and climatic changes are driving accelerated soil erosion in semi-arid East Africa, which ultimately increases reservoir sedimentation and decreases energy production. Sediment delivery dynamics at the catchment scale are complex, involving the interaction of multiple factors and processes on different spatial and temporal scales. A lack of understanding of these processes and their interactions may impede the efficiency of sediment mitigation and control strategies. A deep understanding …


‘Making A Home’: An Occupational Perspective On Sustaining Tenancies Following Homelessness, Leonie Boland, Richard Yarwood, Katrina Bannigan Jun 2021

‘Making A Home’: An Occupational Perspective On Sustaining Tenancies Following Homelessness, Leonie Boland, Richard Yarwood, Katrina Bannigan

School of Health Professions

Tenancy sustainment is fundamental to a sustainable exit from homelessness. Although growing attention has been placed on housing outcomes, there is limited research on the maintenance of a settled home following homelessness. The aim of this study was to understand the process for individuals as they transitioned from services to sustained tenancies from an occupational science perspective. A constructivist grounded theory study was conducted with people who had experienced multiple exclusion homelessness. Interviews using reflexive photography were carried out with individuals (N = 29) from three cities in the UK and Ireland. ‘Making a home’ was the core process identified …


Exploring Controls Of The Early And Stepped Deglaciation On The Western Margin Of The British Irish Ice Sheet., Sara Benetti, Richard C. Chiverrell, Cofaigh C O, Matt Burke, Alicia Medialdea, David Small, Colin Ballantyne, Mark D. Bateman, S. Louise Callard, Peter Wilson, Derek Fabel, Chris D. Clark, Riccardo Arosio, Sarah Bradley, Paul Dunlop, Jeremy C. Ely, Jenny Gales, Stephen J. Livingstone, Steven G. Moreton, Catriona Purcell, Margot Saher, Kevin Schiele, Landeghem K Van, Kasper Weilbach Jun 2021

Exploring Controls Of The Early And Stepped Deglaciation On The Western Margin Of The British Irish Ice Sheet., Sara Benetti, Richard C. Chiverrell, Cofaigh C O, Matt Burke, Alicia Medialdea, David Small, Colin Ballantyne, Mark D. Bateman, S. Louise Callard, Peter Wilson, Derek Fabel, Chris D. Clark, Riccardo Arosio, Sarah Bradley, Paul Dunlop, Jeremy C. Ely, Jenny Gales, Stephen J. Livingstone, Steven G. Moreton, Catriona Purcell, Margot Saher, Kevin Schiele, Landeghem K Van, Kasper Weilbach

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Trace Fossils In The Permian Rocks Of English Riviera Unesco Global Geopark, Malcolm B. Hart, Christopher W. Smart Jun 2021

Trace Fossils In The Permian Rocks Of English Riviera Unesco Global Geopark, Malcolm B. Hart, Christopher W. Smart

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The Permian breccias, conglomerates and sandstones of the English Riviera UNESCO Global Geopark were deposited in quite harsh, desert environments just north of the Permian Equator. Body fossil evidence is completely lacking but rare trace fossils provide evidence of a land-based community. There is a variety of traces present, probably indicative of the presence of a range of unknown animals. Though these animals cannot be identified, their occurrence is important in the understanding of the biodiversity of these Permian environments.


The Coral-Rich Devonian Limestones Of The English Riviera Unesco Global Geopark, Malcolm B. Hart, Christopher W. Smart Jun 2021

The Coral-Rich Devonian Limestones Of The English Riviera Unesco Global Geopark, Malcolm B. Hart, Christopher W. Smart

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The coral-rich limestones of the English Riviera UNESCO Global Geopark were an important component of the original definition of the Devonian System, introduced by Sedgwick and Murchison in 1840. They are, therefore, both a local highlight of the geological succession but have an important position within the history of geology. Formed in the tropical seas of the Middle Devonian, 10°S of the Equator, they also demonstrate the history of Devon in terms of Continental Drift and Plate Tectonics. Caves in these limestones provide an important record of both marine and terrestrial Pleistocene history, including some important hominin remains.


The Isolation And Identification Of Cadmium-Resistant Brevibacillus Agri C15, Nadia Jebril, Rich Boden, Charlotte Braungardt May 2021

The Isolation And Identification Of Cadmium-Resistant Brevibacillus Agri C15, Nadia Jebril, Rich Boden, Charlotte Braungardt

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Eight Cd-resistant bacteria were isolated from the soil. Based on the resistance and specific growth rate, one isolate from these was chosen. The 16S rRNA (rrs) gene sequence was used to assert this isolate belongs to the genus of Brevibacillus and closely related to Brevibacillus agri (B.agri) DSM 6348T (AB112716). The isolate was termed B.agri C15. The specific growth yields and the Cd-dependent fall in specific growth yield of B.agri C15 was determined under different concentrations of Cd. The current study provides a basis for isolation Cd resistant bacteria with maximum tolerable concentration (MTC) 15 mM Cd from a contaminated …


The Effect Of Ph, Calcium, Phosphate And Humic Acid On Cadmium Availability And Speciation In Artificial Groundwater, Nadia Jebril, Rich Boden, Charlotte Braungardt May 2021

The Effect Of Ph, Calcium, Phosphate And Humic Acid On Cadmium Availability And Speciation In Artificial Groundwater, Nadia Jebril, Rich Boden, Charlotte Braungardt

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The interface between the ions in groundwater affects the biogeochemical behaviour of metal, and metal bioremediate by bacteria. Therefore, this study was aimed to predict the influence of pH, calcium, phosphate and humic acid on cadmium availability in artificial groundwater (AGW). Speciation and the thermodynamic calculation (MINTEQ program) were used to predict this in AGW theoretically. In results, cadmium availability diminished with an increase in pH, increase of calcium concentration and the addition of phosphate and humic acid of AGW. According to MINTEQ program, cadmium binds to some cations leaving fewer free cadmium ions available in AGW such as CdHCO3+, …


The Challenge Of Urban Design In Securing Post-Event Legacies Of Olympic Parks, S Essex, Renata Sanchez May 2021

The Challenge Of Urban Design In Securing Post-Event Legacies Of Olympic Parks, S Essex, Renata Sanchez

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Addition Of Composted Green Waste And Ericoid Mycorrhizal Fungi Fails To Facilitate Establishment Of Atlantic Heathland Species, Mary Lane, Mick E. Hanley, Paul Lunt, Mairi E. Knight, Charlotte B. Braungardt, Jon S. Ellis May 2021

Addition Of Composted Green Waste And Ericoid Mycorrhizal Fungi Fails To Facilitate Establishment Of Atlantic Heathland Species, Mary Lane, Mick E. Hanley, Paul Lunt, Mairi E. Knight, Charlotte B. Braungardt, Jon S. Ellis

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Post-mining restoration of heathland habitats has met with mixed success. Failures are often ascribed to the complexity of replicating soil conditions: a scarcity of organic matter and microbial symbionts in stored overburden used for restoration is frequently implicated. Nonetheless, systematic investigation of the role of both interventions is lacking. Using a greenhouse trial and a large-scale field experiment within a commercial kaolinite mine site, we explored how the addition of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi (ErMF) and organic matter influenced the establishment of dwarf ericoid species that characterize NW European Atlantic lowland heaths. Neither intervention had any positive effect on ericoid establishment …