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Articles 10771 - 10800 of 10967
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Optical Attenuation Coefficients In Oceanic And Estuarine Waters, Derek Arthur Pilgrim
Optical Attenuation Coefficients In Oceanic And Estuarine Waters, Derek Arthur Pilgrim
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
Published hydro-optical theory pertinent to this study is critically reviewed; the optical quality of the instrumentation used is assessed and a method is proposed for judging the angular response of a diffuse collector. Consideration is given to the possibility of self shading, by an Undulating Oceanographic Recorder (UOR), of upwelling irradiance measurements; this would adversely affect the calculation of reflectance, an important optical parameter in remote sensor calibration work. A selection of optical measurements made at estuarine, coastal and deep sea locations are analysed and empirical relationships between optical coefficients are presented. A sample set of data obtained by means …
Optimisation In The Life History Of The Hermit Crab Pagurus Bernhardus ( L.), Ian Lancaster
Optimisation In The Life History Of The Hermit Crab Pagurus Bernhardus ( L.), Ian Lancaster
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
Aspects of the ecology of Pagurus bernhardus are examined and the strategies which enable this species to exploit two quite different habitats are determined. The area of shell selection is reviewed and mathematical indices of shell adequacy are rejected as biologically flawed. A subjective index is proposed to more accurately describe the quality of a hermit crab shell resource. Shell preference is considered to be an artificial phenomenon and shell selection is demonstrated to be an essentially random process. Shell-limitation is considered one of the most common problems facing all populations of hermit crabs, detrimentally affecting growth, fecundity, and longevity. …
Low Temperature Injuries In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii (Cw15+), Susan Penelope Sara Roberts
Low Temperature Injuries In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii (Cw15+), Susan Penelope Sara Roberts
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
The responses of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii CW15+ (a wall-less mutant) to freezing stress have been examined: Tests following freezing of bulk (0.5ml) samples reveal the existence of an optimum cooling rate f o r preservation of viability, close to l*C min-1. Direct observation of cells during freezing and thawing on a cryo light microscope have allowed different forms of injury to be classified. At suboptimal cooling rates, reduction in surface area during shrinkage can be achieved by severe distortion or by the formation of layered stacks of membrane. Lethal injury is not evident until thawing takes place. The manifestation of injury …
The Lithostratigraphy And Biostratigraphy (Foraminifera) Of The Early Cretaceous Of The Southern North Sea Basin, Stephen Crittenden
The Lithostratigraphy And Biostratigraphy (Foraminifera) Of The Early Cretaceous Of The Southern North Sea Basin, Stephen Crittenden
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses
In the available published literature there is little information on the Early Cretaceous strata of the Southern North Sea Basin (Mesozoic Basin). The small amount of Information that has been published i s the result of the search for hydrocarbons (see Chapter 2) . This thesis attempts to remedy the lack of information by a stratigraphical study of the Early Cretaceous strata in boreholes from the Southern North Sea Basin (U.K. sector blocks 44 and 49).
The Structure And Reactivity Of Some Metallurgical Carbons, Kenneth Edwin Adams
The Structure And Reactivity Of Some Metallurgical Carbons, Kenneth Edwin Adams
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses
The reactivity and micro-structure of three coals and two cokes used in iron and steel manufacture have been studied by a variety of techniques, including gas sorption analysis, thermal analysis and microscopy. Changes in surface areas and porosities of the coals and cokes during combustion have been determined by a gravimetric nitrogen sorption technique at 77K. The cokes and coals have been studied by thermal analysis under isothermal and dynamic conditions in different gas atmospheres. Rates of reaction have been correlated with surface area changes. Attempts have been made to calculate activation energies from Kissinger plots of DTA data. Microstructural …
The Study Of The Dissolved Nitrogen Containing Macromolecules In The Marine Environment, Jasmin Chapman
The Study Of The Dissolved Nitrogen Containing Macromolecules In The Marine Environment, Jasmin Chapman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses
A method was developed for the direct determination of the dissolved combined amino acid (DCAA) content of seawater involving the acid hydrolysis of seawater under specified conditions, followed by the determination of the amino acids by reverse phase liquid chromatography (RPLC). No preconcentration or co-precipitation steps were required. Under optimal conditions approximately sixty percent of the total amino acids in the macromolecular fraction are probably recoverable by this procedure. The commonly used reflux method for DCAA detection was shown to be inaccurate due to a combination of degradative losses and contamination. The technique of DCAA determination, developed in this study, …
The Microstructures Of Estuarine Particles, John Graham Titley
The Microstructures Of Estuarine Particles, John Graham Titley
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses
A systematic study of the surface properties of suspended and bed sediments from the Tamar Estuary and Restronguet Creek was carried out using a nitrogen adsorption technique. The surface areas and porosities of the particles were determined using BET theory and capillary models applied to the gas adsorption isotherms. The surface areas of the suspended particles collected on axial transects of the Tamar Estuary ranged between 8 and 22 m²/g. The highest values were found for particles in the turbidity maximum region. These appeared to be related in a complex way to both particle size and the chemical composition of …
Temporal And Spatial Variations In The Geochemistry And Mineraology Of The Younger Historic Lavas Of Mount Etna, Sicily, Mark Christopher Gyopari
Temporal And Spatial Variations In The Geochemistry And Mineraology Of The Younger Historic Lavas Of Mount Etna, Sicily, Mark Christopher Gyopari
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses
A succession of nine major hawaiite lava field s erupted on Mount Etna during the period 1910-1983 have been extensively sampled. Whole-rock chemical and petrographic data reveal a significant spatial variation within each of the lava fields studied and a uniform temporal variation in the succession of lavas. Spatial variations in lava composition within individual flow fields are related to high-level magma mixing and crystal fractionation processes. The effects of mixing are demonstrated by incompatible trace element chemistry, phenocryst compositions and petrographic textures. Mixing involves several end-member magma compositions, some of which can be related to earlier eruptions using geochemical …
Development Of Hplc Techniques For The Analysis Of Trace Metal Species In The Primary Coolant Of A Pressurised Water Reactor, Keiron Robert Philip Barron
Development Of Hplc Techniques For The Analysis Of Trace Metal Species In The Primary Coolant Of A Pressurised Water Reactor, Keiron Robert Philip Barron
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses
The need to monitor corrosion products in the primary circuit of a pressurised water reactor (PWR), at a concentration of 10pg ml-li s discussed. A review of trace and ultra-trace metal analysis, relevant to the specific requirements imposed by primary coolant chemistry, indicated that high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), coupled with preconcentration of sample was an ideal technique. A HPLC system was developed to determine trace metal species in simulated PWR primary coolant. - In order to achieve the desired detection limit an online preconcentration system had to be developed. Separations were performed on Aminex A9 and Benson BC-XI0 analytical" …
Family Satisfaction In Air Force Families As A Function Of Family Strengths. Resources And Coping Following Relocation, Mary Glyer Olsen
Family Satisfaction In Air Force Families As A Function Of Family Strengths. Resources And Coping Following Relocation, Mary Glyer Olsen
Other Faculty of Health Theses
The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent the level of coping skills, internal resources, social support, perception and pile-up of life events affect Air Force families’ adjustments after relocation. The major objectives were threefold: (a) to assess which of the husbands' and wives' strengths and resources contributed to the family's adjustment to the stress associated with permanent change of station moves, (b) to explore whether wives' levels of coping are critical to family adjustment and (c) to determine if the types and/or levels of coping used are significantly different at two points in time after the …
The Rural Population Turnround: A Case Study Of North Devon, Nicola Jane Bolton
The Rural Population Turnround: A Case Study Of North Devon, Nicola Jane Bolton
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
This thesis examines the most striking recent change in Britain's population geography, namely the redistribution from urban to rural areas. Its particular focus is on the transition from depopulation to repopulation in remote rural localities: a trend referred to as the population turnround. Although the 1981 Census revealed the general spatial patterns of population change, there is still a dearth of detailed information which can explain how and why the population turnround in remote rural areas has occurred. Little is known about the migrants, their reasons for moving or their impact on the host area. To answer these kind s …
Investigation Into Perpendicular Anisotropy Cobalt-Chromium Films With Application To Winchester Computer Discs, Nader Mahvan
Investigation Into Perpendicular Anisotropy Cobalt-Chromium Films With Application To Winchester Computer Discs, Nader Mahvan
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
RF-sputtered CoCr films have been characterized for a variety of deposition conditions, and the most effective parameters which bring about perpendicular anisotropy have been evaluated. In particular bias sputtering has been noted for its role in improving the crystallographic orientation and magnetic properties when applied to the substrate at certain values, hence the root mechanism of the observed improvement has been, as far as possible , investigated . These investigations have, in particular, focused on the extent to which impurity gases are likely to effect the magnetic properties of sputtered films, as well as quantifying the gas contents of the …
Investigation And Simulation Of Hot Water Use And Production In Farm Dairies, Alice Jane Norman
Investigation And Simulation Of Hot Water Use And Production In Farm Dairies, Alice Jane Norman
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
The dairy farming sector of European Agriculture is currently under considerable economic pressure so the aim of each farmer should be to produce saleable milk, at the lowest cost. One important area of concern is the expenditure on hot water for hygiene, as to be acceptable to the buyer the milk must have a low level of contaminants. Clean milk is produced from clean, healthy udders by means of equipment which is adequately and appropriately cleaned. To facilitate this hygienic milk production most dairies are eguipped with heaters to provide water at 40°C (for cleaning udders) and 80- 100°C (for …
The Implementation Of European Community Regional Policy: A Study Of The European Regional Development Fund And The European Social Fund In The United Kingdom., Gregory John Croxford
The Implementation Of European Community Regional Policy: A Study Of The European Regional Development Fund And The European Social Fund In The United Kingdom., Gregory John Croxford
Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses
This thesis develops the argument that research on the European Community (EC) could be enriched by studies of how Community policies are implemented. The processes by which EC policies are formulated have been the subject of a great deal of research. However, the way in which these policies are subsequently put into practice and whether or not their objectives are achieved has received very little attention. Yet these processes may be highly complex, involving a large variety of institutions and actors at Community, national and regional levels. The complexity of implementation and of the Community's political system offers scope for …
Prediction Of The Risk Of Capsize Of Small Ships, Eric Deakins
Prediction Of The Risk Of Capsize Of Small Ships, Eric Deakins
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
The lack of a necessary rational framework for assessing ship stability was the main concern of this research. The aim was to develop a rational philosophy and a logical procedure of assessing intact stability in order to ensure a consistent and unified approach to design for operation and for survival. The method uniquely brings together a linearised analysis for assessing a potentially dangerous roll motion with a probabilistic assessment of ship performance in rough seas on a standard test-track. This represents a significant advance on previous research. A novel feature of the analysis was that prediction of the extreme capsize …
Skills Analysis Aboard Ships, David Peter Lawrence
Skills Analysis Aboard Ships, David Peter Lawrence
Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses
This thesis presents a detailed description, based upon the literature available, of shipboard organization and social structure, together with a descriptive summary of the dynamic environment in which ships operate. The literature relating to job and task analysis is also reviewed and examined for its relevance to shipboard studies. A picture emerges of an industry being forced by technical, social, legal and economic factors to rationalize the use of its manpower resources. It is found that many authors propose the adoption of a matrix manning model. The thesis is proposed that matrix manning is technically viable as a method of …
The Marketing And Distribution System For Fresh Fish In South West England: Modelling The Effects Of Supply Variation, John Edward Slaymaker
The Marketing And Distribution System For Fresh Fish In South West England: Modelling The Effects Of Supply Variation, John Edward Slaymaker
Plymouth Business School Theses
The distribution system in the fishing industry has attracted little attention from academics in comparison to the catching sector. This realisation came in the early 1980's with questions being raised about system efficiency and the identification of problems. A lack of understanding of the distribution system led to various calls for an investigation. This research builds on existing understanding by identifying the distribution system in Devon and Cornwall and develops a modelling framework with forecasting properties within which distribution system problems can be analysed. A review of the marketing and distribution literature reveals that system efficiency and the impacts of …
Protein Synthesis Inhibition And Short And Long Term Habituation Of The Dorsal Antennae Withdrawal Response In Helix Aspersa, Stephen Ray
School of Psychology Theses
The pharmacological disruption of memory by various protein synthesis inhibitory drugs (PSIs) has implicated protein synthesis as a requirement for long term learning but not for short. However, evidence derived from PSI research remains equivocal, with the apparent amnesic effects of PSIs being attributed to drug side-effects and general behavioural debilitations. Research reported in this thesis investigates the behavioural effects on short and long term habituation of the dorsal antennae withdrawal reflex in the snail (Helix aspersa) of three antibiotic drugs known to reversibly inhibit protein synthesis; anisomycin, actinomycin D, and puromycin. Initially, habituation was established as true learning in …
Optimisation Techniques For Telecommunication Networks, V.M. Grout
Optimisation Techniques For Telecommunication Networks, V.M. Grout
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses
This thesis deals with various facets of the optimisation problem for telecommunication networks and proposes a number of new techniques for their solution. The necessary essentials, Graph Theory, Complexity Theory and Telecommunication Principles, are investigated. The relevant graphs are enumerated and the requirements of suitable optimisation algorithms for certain graphical problems are established. The Private Automatic Branch Exchange (PABX) is introduced. the variety of telecommunications traffic as well as the practical requirements of a connection topology are discussed. The fundamental Network Optimisation Problem (NJP) is defined and analysed. Simple exhaustive methods of solution are considered together with partial solution algorithms …
The Rheology Of Unfilled And Carbon Black Loaded Elastomers, Nigel Ruddock
The Rheology Of Unfilled And Carbon Black Loaded Elastomers, Nigel Ruddock
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses
This thesis is concerned with the use of rheological equations of state to describe the behaviour of vulcanised elastomers and, in particular, vulcanised elastomers loaded with carbon black. The properties of these materials are dependent upon the specific combination of elastomer and carbon black, and the effect of carbon black loading is studied by means of experiments on a butadiene-acrylonitrile base polymer KRYNAC 806, unfilled and loaded with 50phr SRF N774 carbon black. The first part of this work concerns small ampIitude oscillatory shear experiments carried out on a Weissenberg rheogoniometer over a range of amplitudes, frequencies, and temperatures. Both …
The Origins Of The Organic Fraction In Diesel Exhaust Emissions, Colin James Trier
The Origins Of The Organic Fraction In Diesel Exhaust Emissions, Colin James Trier
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses
Diesel exhaust particulates are the subject of increasingly severe legislation controlling mass emissions throughout the world. Other emissions, which are currently unregulated, are also receiving closer scrutiny. In particular, polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC), some of which are known carcinogens, are being studied. A total exhaust solvent scrubbing apparatus (TESSA) has been constructed to sample diesel exhaust hydrocarbons, using a solvent mixture to strip organic compounds from exhaust gases. This avoided adsorption of hydrocarbons onto particulates, when fitted close to the exhaust port, and minimised the formation of sampling artifacts. TESSA yielded new information, enabling lighter more volatile organics such as …
The Use Of Digital Signal Processing In Satellite Communication, Jonathan Richard Bramwell
The Use Of Digital Signal Processing In Satellite Communication, Jonathan Richard Bramwell
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses
The recent emphasis on Information Technology has increased the need for methods of data communications with a greater interest in the areas of Satellite communications. Data communications over a satellite can be easily achieved by the use of excessive power and bandwidth but efficient management of the satellite resource requires more elegant means of transmission. The optimum modulator and demodulator can be described by mathematical expressions to represent the physical processes that are required to transmit and receive a signal. Digital Signal Processing circuits can be use to implement these mathematical functions and once correctly designed are not susceptible to …
A Study Of Phagocytosis In Amoebae Of Dictyostelium Discoideum, David Mealing
A Study Of Phagocytosis In Amoebae Of Dictyostelium Discoideum, David Mealing
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
A study has been made of the effects of various treatments on the phagocytosis of 14C-labelled E.coli by amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum. An assay was also developed for the adhesion of amoebae to glass and the effects of a number of inhibitors on this process have been investigated. The phagocytosis of bacteria was inhibited by chelating agents at millimolar concentrations. The effect of chelators was not apparent in the presence of added divalent cations. However, only a small reduction in cell-glass adhesion was seen with EDTA concentrations that caused large reductions in phagocytosis. The calcium ionophore, A23187 abolished phagocytosis at …
An Investigation Into The Synthesis And Properties Of Some Azafluorenes, Nigel Gordon Smith
An Investigation Into The Synthesis And Properties Of Some Azafluorenes, Nigel Gordon Smith
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
Morphactins are derivatives of 9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylic acid which exhibit plant growth regulating activity. The aim of the work was to synthesise aza analogues (indenopyridines) of these compounds and to assess their biological activity. Additionally, because the chemistry of indenopyridines has received little attention a secondary objective was to extend knowledge in this area. Reviews of the synthesis and reactions of indenopyridine compounds are given.
Studies On The Infection Of Honey Bee Larvae With Ascosphaera Apis, Sally Bamford
Studies On The Infection Of Honey Bee Larvae With Ascosphaera Apis, Sally Bamford
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
The fungus Ascosphaera apis causes the disease chalk brood in larvae of the honey bee, Apis mellifera. Ascospores were recognised as the agents of disease, but the site of their germination to initiate infection had not been established. In this study larval surface cuticle was initially investigated as a possible site, but spores did not even activate here. Therefore, potential inhibitors of spore germination were studied, including water and chloroform washings of larval cuticle; 4 larval food constituents - pollen, honey, brood food, royal jelly; and a variety of medium-chain fatty acids a t concentrations of 1, 0.1 and 0. …
Real-Time Detection Of Fronts Utilising In Vivo Phytoplankton Fluorescence Properties, Ceridwen Sally Hatton
Real-Time Detection Of Fronts Utilising In Vivo Phytoplankton Fluorescence Properties, Ceridwen Sally Hatton
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
Historical data suggested that the monitoring of biological parameters might provide a real-time method of predicting the position of ocean fronts (critical to ASV operations). A series of oceanographic surveys was therefore undertaken to investigate the distribution of various parameters (including chlorophyll a (Chl a), nutrients, ATP, and pH) across such fronts. These surveys demonstrated that the continuous monitoring of chlorophyll fluorescence (Chl F) provided the most efficient real-time method for detecting the surface positions of deep-sea, shelf-sea, and shelf-edge fronts (often, in advance of temperature). The rate of change in a parameter (not absolute levels) proved to be critical …
Estuarine Chemical Reactivity At The Particle-Water Interface, Gillian Glegg
Estuarine Chemical Reactivity At The Particle-Water Interface, Gillian Glegg
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
A systematic study of the microstructures of particulate material from the Tamar Estuary using a BET nitrogen adsorption technique has been carried out. The results showed that suspended material had a higher BET surface area (approximately 20m² / g ) than the associated sediments (approximately 13m² / g) . Also the BET surface areas (8-20m² / g) of suspended material collected during axial transects (S = 0-30°/oo) of the Tamar Estuary indicated relatively higher BET surface areas in the turbidity maximum zone as compared to material from up or down estuary. The BET surface areas were inversely related to the …
Immunological Tolerance In The Amphibian Xenopus Laevis (Daudin), Esme Kila Farley
Immunological Tolerance In The Amphibian Xenopus Laevis (Daudin), Esme Kila Farley
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
Observation of some of the phenomena of tolerance to soluble protein antigens and allogeneic tissue transplants in Xenopus laevis has formed the framework of the present study. The method of larval induction of high-zone tolerance used in this laboratory has been confirmed and further analysed. Larvae treated with high doses of Human-γ-globulin (HGG) were unable to produce anti-HGG antibody after challenge. The proliferative response demonstrated in the spleens of tolerant toadlets 21 days after challenge was, however, of similar magnitude to that in normally responding animals. Adoptive transfer of high-zone tolerance specific to HGG was demonstrated by intravenous inoculation of …
Immunity In The Alimentary Tract And Other Mucosae Of The Dogfish Scyliorhinus Canicula L., Stephen Hart
Immunity In The Alimentary Tract And Other Mucosae Of The Dogfish Scyliorhinus Canicula L., Stephen Hart
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
The gut of Scyliorhinus canicula was examined by light and electron microscopy and was found to harbour a large and heterogeneous leucocyte population which occupied three niches: the lamina propria (intralaminal leucocytes), the epithelium (intra-epithelial leucocytes) and as accumulations of leucocytes. The lamina propria had a mixed population of cells including three granulocyte types, lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages. The epithelium contained a similar spectrum of cells, with the exception of plasma cells, which were only detected in the lamina propria. The lamina propria and epithelium of the gall bladder and reproductive tract also contained leucocytes, although not in the …
The Impact Of Copper In A Contaminated Stream With Particular Reference To Plectrocnemia Conspersa (Curtis) (Trichoptera), Steven Terence Darlington
The Impact Of Copper In A Contaminated Stream With Particular Reference To Plectrocnemia Conspersa (Curtis) (Trichoptera), Steven Terence Darlington
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
An investigation of a copper contaminated mine drainage stream, the Darley Brook, revealed that the water quality was relatively constant over time, with an exceptionally high copper concentration (mean 0.89 mg lˉ¹ ) and low pH (mean 5.2) at its source. Virtually all of the copper was in a 'soluble' form with upto 29% as the free cupric ion. Overall mean leachable copper concentrations of 2139 µg gˉ¹ and 101 µg gˉ¹ were recorded in the uppermost reaches of the Darley Brook and a control stream respectively, with little temporal variation. Biotic communities in the uppermost sampling stations were of …