Digital Commons Network^™

The Consequences Of Micro-Discretions And Boundaries In The Social Prescribing Link Worker Role In England: A Realist Evaluation, Stephanie Tierney, Debra Westlake, G Wong, Amadea Turk, Steven Markham, Jordan Gorenberg, Joanne Reeve, Caroline Mitchell, Kerryn Husk, Sabi Redwood, Anthony Meacock, Catherine Pope, Kamal Mahtani

Peninsula Medical School

Background: Social prescribing addresses non-medical factors affecting health and well-being. Link workers arekey to its delivery by connecting people to relevant support, often in the voluntary, community and social enterprisesector. Funding from the National Health Service means that link workers are becoming a common part of primarycare in England.Objective: To explore and understand the implementation of link workers in primary care in England.Design: A realist evaluation addressed the question – When implementing link workers in primary care to sustainoutcomes – what works, for whom, why and in what circumstances?Setting: Link workers and staff associated with seven primary care sites across …

Harnessing The Therapeutic Effects Of Nature For Chronic Pain: A Role For Immersive Virtual Reality? A Narrative Review, Alexander Smith, Kayleigh Wyles, Sonia Medina Herandez, Sophie Clarke, Patricia Schofield, Sam Hughes

School of Psychology

Background and Objective There is a growing interest in the relationship between nature and pain relief. Evidence from environmental psychology, neuroscience and physiology-based studies point towards analgesic effects of nature being mediated through various cognitive, affective and/or autonomic factors. Being able to harness these therapeutic effects using immersive virtual reality (VR) could help to optimize and improve accessibility of nature-based environments as part of chronic pain management plans. In this narrative review, we present evidence supporting a new theoretical framework for nature-based analgesia and suggest ways for applying this through immersive VR. Databases and Data Treatment We provide an overview …

Factors Affecting Uk Anaesthetic Trainees' Wellbeing And Stress: A Scoping Review, Sophie Winter, Nicola Brennan, Thomas Gale

Peninsula Medical School

Background: Poor wellbeing and stress in UK anaesthetic trainees impacts significantly on clinical performance, workforce retention and patient care. This study aimed to provide an overview of the evidence in this field and to explore the factors affecting wellbeing and stress in UK anaesthetic trainees. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and ERIC were searched, in addition to organisational websites. Literature reporting factors affecting wellbeing and stress in UK anaesthetic trainees from 2009 to present were included. Results: Following exclusions, 45 studies were identified. Only five papers included qualitative analyses. Within these studies, 28 different phenomena related to wellbeing and stress were …

Research Challenges For Eco-Efficient And Circular Industrial Systems, Stephen Childe

Plymouth Business School

The field of industrial sustainability is rapidly expanding with new concepts and frameworks emerging almost daily. At the same time, mature ones are being used in new applications and combined with new technologies and methodologies. While these developments are promising, the ambitions, scale, and speed of the change required to meet sustainability goals urgently need to increase. To accelerate industrial sustainability research and its impact, experts were invited to discuss research challenges in a webinar series focused on ten priority areas for eco-efficient and circular industrial systems. This paper presents the research challenges discussed to share sustainability practices, stimulate collaborations, …

Co-Creation Of Value For Patient Centred Outcomes: Bridging Health And Management Research, Wai Mun Lim, Christopher Agyapong Siaw, Mona Nasser

Plymouth Business School

No abstract provided.

Speechmatch—A Novel Digital Approach To Supporting Communication For Neurodiverse Groups, Rohit Shankar

Peninsula Medical School

Communication can be a challenge for a significant minority of the population. Those with intellectual disability, autism, or Stroke survivors can encounter significant problems and stigma in their communication abilities leading to worse health and social outcomes. SpeechMatch (https://www.speechmatch.com/) is a digital App which is a pragmatic mobile language training platform that teaches individuals to “match” critical components of conversation and looks to provides subjects with immediate visual feedback to shape identification and expression of emotion in speech. While it has been used in autistic people there has been no systematic exploration of its strengths and weaknesses. Further, it's potential …

Drivers For Design For Deconstruction (Dfd) Implementation Among Design Professionals, H Pittri, K Agyekum, E Botchway, J Alencastro, O Oladinrin, A Dompey

School of Art, Design and Architecture

Purpose- The Design for Deconstruction (DfD) technique, a contemporaneous solution to demolition by optimizing disassembly activities to enable reuse, has recently emerged with several promises to promote the circular economy. However, little attention has been given to its implementation among design professionals, especially in the Global South. Therefore, this study explores the drivers for DfD implementation among design professionals in the Ghanaian construction industry (GCI). Design/methodology/approach- The study adopted a mixed research approach (explanatory sequential design) with an initial quantitative instrument phase, followed by a qualitative data collection phase. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, One-Sample t-Test, and Normalization …

High Impact Malware Targeting Maritime Infrastructure, Kevin Jones, Kimberly Tam

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Malware, of varying degrees of sophistication, is a growingproblem for any and all computing devices. With computing devices becoming more integrated into daily life across all sectors, malware has amore diverse cyberspace to affect. There is existent research examiningthe problem of malware from various perspectives: Personal Computers, smartphones, Internet of Things devices, etc. The majority of thisresearch has, in the past, focused on Information Technology (IT) devices and IT issues. More recently, there is an emerging body of workwith a focus on Operational Technology (OT), in various domains, suchas power grids, communication infrastructure, and factories. Unlike IT,OT directly monitors and/or …

A Red Teaming Framework For Securing Ai In Maritime Autonomous Systems, Mathew J. Walter, Aaron Barrett, Kimberly Tam

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Artificial intelligence (AI) is being ubiquitously adopted to automate processes in science and industry. However, due to its often intricate and opaque nature, AI has been shown to possess inherent vulnerabilities which can be maliciously exploited with adversarial AI, potentially putting AI users and developers at both cyber and physical risk. In addition, there is insufficient comprehension of the real-world effects of adversarial AI and an inadequacy of AI security examinations; therefore, the growing threat landscape is unknown for many AI solutions. To mitigate this issue, we propose one of the first red team frameworks for evaluating the AI security …

A Micro-Computed Tomographic Evaluation Of Maxillary First Molar Accessory Root Canal Morphology In A Black South African Subpopulation, Casper Jonker

Peninsula Dental School

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the accessory root canal morphology of maxillary first molars in a Black South African subpopulation. METHODS: Micro-computed tomography was used to investigate 101 maxillary first molars (from 50 male and 51 female teeth, right 53 teeth, left 48 teeth). The prevalence of chamber canals, and the number, type and location (root third) of accessory canals were recorded. The relationships between arch side, sex and age were examined using chi-squared tests of association. Intra- and inter-observer reliability were assessed using Cohen's kappa test. RESULTS: Intra- and inter-rater agreement was 96.9% and 98.1%, …

The Implementation And Barriers Of Green Recruitment: A Qualitative Study On Green Human Resource Management, Jinghan Wang, Lijun Tang, Tiancheng Zhang, Chris Phillips, Lamis Sultan Aldawish

Plymouth Business School

Green human resource management (GHRM) has become an indispensable strategy in green management. As the first step of GHRM, green recruitment and selection (GRS) has been emphasised as the important and probably the only practice to help the firm obtain green human capital directly. However, research has shown that not many firms implement GRS in practice, and there is a lack of studies exploring the barriers to GRS. This study fills this gap by examining the barriers to GRS across different industries in China. It adopted a qualitative and inductive approach, which is relatively rare in the GHRM field. Based …

Enhancing Corporate Transparency: How Esg Disclosure On Corporate Websites Reveals Corporate Visibility, Christopher Agyapong Siaw, Waqas Ali, Wai Mun Lim

Plymouth Business School

No abstract provided.

A Comprehensive Guide To Removable Partial Dentures. Part 2: Impressions, Laboratory Procedures, Insertion And Case Studies, Deviprasad Nooji, Guy Lambourn, Himanshi Aggarwal, Kiran Kumar Krishnappa Salian, Ewen Mccoll, Prashanti Eachempati

Peninsula Dental School

This two-part series provides a comprehensive guide to fabricating definitive metal partial dentures, addressing the challenges dental practitioners face in mastering prosthesis design. It aims to equip dental professionals with a thorough understanding of the theoretical foundations and clinical methods for effective metal partial denture fabrication. Part 2 covers removable partial denture (RPD) design philosophies, tooth preparation, secondary impressions, laboratory procedures, trial and final insertions, as well as post-insertion complications and their management. Additionally, four case scenarios are included to help readers apply the knowledge gained from both parts to design a metal partial denture.

Structural And Geomorphological Constraints On The Activity Of The Sparta Fault (Greece), Çal Çağatay, Sarah Boulton, Zoe Mildon

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The ancient city of Sparti (Greece) suffered extensive damage from an estimated M_w 7.2 earthquake in 464 BCE, resulting in c. 20 000 fatalities, but questions remain about the short-(c. 10⁴ years) and long-term (10⁵–10⁶ years) activity of this important structure. This paper presents new structural data and fluvial geomorphological analysis from the Sparta Fault and, in particular, considers the less well-known northern fault segment. A new topographic profile on the well-developed post-glacial fault scarp from the northern strand indicates a 7.53 m offset over the last c. 15 ka, suggesting a throw-rate of c. …

The Opportunities And Challenges Of Conducting Observational Research In Care Homes: What A Researcher Brings, Does, And Leaves Behind?, Karen Spilsbury, Kirsty Haunch, Gary Hodge, Susie Pearce

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Context: Observation is an increasingly popular method for care home research.However, there are challenges associated with the use of this method in this context.As researchers, what we bring, what we do, and what we leave behind when using thismethod can have a significant impact on the lives and work of people in care homes.Perspective: Drawing on the experiences of two research teams, we share realworld examples of the ethical, methodological, and practical concerns when usingthe non-participant observation method in a care home context. Four key areas forobservational research in care homes are considered: privacy and confidentiality;managing consent; observation activities and …

Big Data Driven Supply Chain Innovative Capability For Sustainable Competitive Advantage In The Food Supply Chain: Resource-Based View Perspective, Mukesh Kumar, Rakesh D. Raut, Sachin Kumar Mangla, Jonathan Moizer, Jonathan Lean

Plymouth Business School

The food supply chain (FSC) is becoming more sustainable as companies aim to meet demand with lower waste and emissions. Big data analytics (BDA) can help achieve sustainability goals by extracting meaningful information from past data to help create sustainable strategies. However, in the sustainability literature, BDA's role in enabling sustainable FSC innovations is not explored. Thus, this study investigates how data-driven analytics might improve FSC innovation by adopting creative tactics in every triple bottom line (TBL) component – green, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and financial – to gain a competitive edge. A resource-based view (RBV) perspective was used to …

What Does ‘Co-Production’ Look Like For Food System Transformation? Mapping The Evidence Across Transforming Uk Food Systems (Tukfs) Projects., Naomi Shaw, Charlotte A. Hardman, Neil Bernard Boyle, Joanne Craven, John Dooley, Bethan Mead, Lisa Morgans, Hannah Mumby, Clare Pettinger

School of Health Professions

Co-production is a collaborative way of working which emphasises the exchange of diverse forms of knowledge in an equal partnership for equal benefits. Co-produced research is a key strategic aim of the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Transforming UK Food Systems (TUKFS) Strategic Priorities Fund; this research programme brings together researchers, policymakers, industry and communities to create positive change in the way food is produced, accessed and consumed. However, more generally, there are diverse understandings of co-production and a lack of consensus on what ‘good practice’ looks like. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and map examples of co-production methods …

Preferred Music Listening For People Living With Dementia: Two Home-Based Case Studies Discussing Compilation Process, Autobiographical And Biophysical Responses, Paul Fernie, Alexander Street, Jörg Fachner, Leonardo Muller, Ming Hung Hsu, Patrizia Di Campli San Vito, Stephen Brewster, Sube Banerjee, Nicolas Farina, Hari Shaji, Paulo Itaborai, Alexis Kirke, Eduardo Reck Miranda

School of Art, Design and Architecture

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in dementia can be reduced through music listening. Little has been reported on home-based listening, compilation processes, or individual responses that include biophysiological data. We aim to provide new insights from two home-based case studies focused on specific music selections. Participants were part of a larger study, co-designing an automated radio, diary reminder and personal playlist system for NPS management. Playlists were compiled that would have the best possible chance of achieving this, based on participants’ autobiographical, narrative, heart rate (HR) and videoed responses. Participant's responses to their music aligned with the genre they chose – dancing …

Exercise Referral Schemes In The Uk: Mapping Provision And Aims, Ben Jane, John Downey

School of Nursing and Midwifery

BackgroundExercise Referral Schemes (ERS) are designed so health professionals can refer certain patients to a supervised programme of physical activity. However, evaluations have questioned the effectiveness of these schemes/programmes. The aim of this study was to systematically review the provision of ERS in England and analyse related promotional material.MethodsContent analysis methods were used to analyse scheme websites and promotional material. A coding scheme was used to analyse the data, which included information on the programme’s aims, inclusion criteria, type of activities, accessibility and cost.ResultsThe study identified 625 sites offering ERS across 168 geographic areas. Findings highlighted a lack of clarity …

Efficacy And Tolerability Of Brivaracetam In People With Intellectual Disability Compared To Those Without Intellectual Disability, Jon Allard, William Henley, Adrian Sellers, Emma O'Shaughnessy, Oliver Thomson, Brendan Mclean, Mary Parrett, Sanjeev Rajakulendran, Lance Watkins, Melissa Maguire, Shan Ellawela, Phil Tittensor, Arjune Sen, Rajiv Mohanraj, Manny Bagary, Sunil Ram, Allan Brown, Rohit Shankar

Peninsula Medical School

Introduction: In England, nearly a quarter of people with intellectual disability (PwID) have epilepsy. Though 70 % of PwID have pharmaco-resistant seizures only 10 % are prescribed anti-seizure medication (ASMs) licenced for pharmaco-resistance. Brivaracetam (BRV) licenced in 2016 has had nine post-marketing studies involving PwID. These studies are limited either by lack of controls or not looking at outcomes based on differing levels of ID severity. This study looks at evidence comparing effectiveness and side-effects in PwID to those without ID prescribed Brivaracetam (BRV). Methods: Pooled case note data for patients prescribed BRV (2016–2022) at 12 UK NHS Trusts were …

Patient Buy-In To Social Prescribing Through Link Workers As Part Of Person-Centred Care: A Realist Evaluation, Stephanie Tierney, Geoffrey Wong, Debra Westlake, Amadea Turk, Steven Markham, Jordan Gorenberg, Joanne Reeve, Caroline Mitchell, Kerryn Husk, Sabi Redwood, Tony Meacock, Catherine Pope, Beccy Baird, Kamal R Mahtani

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

Thermokarst Landscape Exhibits Large Nitrous Oxide Emissions In Alaska’S Coastal Polygonal Tundra, Josh Hashemi, David A. Lipson, Kyle A. Arndt, Scott J. Davidson, Aram Kalhori, Kyle Lunneberg, Lona Van Delden, Walter C. Oechel, Donatella Zona

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Global atmospheric concentrations of nitrous oxide have been increasing over previous decades with emerging research suggesting the Arctic as a notable contributor. Thermokarst processes, increasing temperature, and changes in drainage can cause degradation of polygonal tundra landscape features resulting in elevated, well-drained, unvegetated soil surfaces that exhibit large nitrous oxide emissions. Here, we outline the magnitude and some of the dominant factors controlling variability in emissions for these thermokarst landscape features in the North Slope of Alaska. We measured strong nitrous oxide emissions during the growing season from unvegetated high centered polygons (median (mean) = 104.7 (187.7) µg N_{2 …}

Early Detection Of Deteriorating Patients In General Wards Through Continuous Contactless Vital Signs Monitoring, Ambuj Yadav, Himanshu Dandu, Gaurav Parchani, Kumar Chokalingam, Pooja Kadambi, Rajesh Mishra, Ahsina Jahan, Jean Louis Teboul, Jos M. Latour

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Objective: To assess the efficacy of continuous contactless vital signs monitoring with an automated Early Warning System (EWS) in detecting clinical deterioration among patients in general wards. Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted in the medical unit of a tertiary care hospital in India, involving 706 patients over 84,448 monitoring hours. The study used a contactless ballistocardiography system (Dozee system) to continuously monitor heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure. The study assessed total, mean, and median alerts at 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 h, and length of stay (LOS) before patient deterioration or discharge. It analyzed alert …

Analysis Of Barriers To Adopting Industry 4.0 To Achieve Agri-Food Supply Chain Sustainability: A Group-Based Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, Guoqing Zhao, Chenhui Ye, Denis Dennehy, Shaofeng Liu, Antoine Harfouche, Femi Olan

Plymouth Business School

Agri-food supply chains (AFSCs) need to become more sustainable, and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is a crucial enabler. However, various barriers make adopting I4.0 technologies to achieve AFSC sustainability challenging. Few previous studies have examined China's agri-food industry. Through a literature review and consultation of Chinese experts, we identify 27 barriers in six categories and prioritize these using a group-based fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to produce novel results. First, we identify six new I4.0 adoption barriers closely linked with China's economic, social and cultural environments, including acquisition of intelligent agricultural equipment subsidies based on guanxi. Second, our prioritization of barriers reveals …

Development Of A Mental Health Apps Recommender Platform, Archana Tapuria, Jorge Alexander, Ariane Marchal, Cen Cong, Edward Meinert, Rohit Shankar, Ananya Ananthakrishnan, Ben Lakey

Peninsula Medical School

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the paper is to establish the requirements and methodology for the development and implementation of a recommender system for mental health apps to support patients in self-managing their mental health while awaiting formal treatment.

METHODS: The system was developed using an algorithm-based approach, including: (1) user needs assessment through literature review and interviews with various stakeholders, (2) software modelling and prototype creation, and (3) bench testing of the prototype with health experts and users.

RESULTS: Based on initial exploration of users' requirements, relevant standards and regulations, a library of trusted mental health apps was compiled and …

Stroke Rehabilitation In Urban And Rural Settings In The Philippines: Protocol For An Interview And Visual Elicitation Study, Sarah Ann Buckingham, Alyssa Marie Dar Juan, Sara Demain, June Ann De Vera, Myrna Estrada, Lorraine Hermosura-Faeldon, Bridie Kent, Maria Teresa Sharon Linog, Roy Francis Navea, Fiona Jones

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Introduction There is a lack of community-based rehabilitation for stroke in the Philippines, and research on this topic is limited. Different challenges may be encountered in urban and rural settings. The aim of the Tulong, Ugnayan ng Lingap At gabaY (TULAY) project is to develop a context-appropriate, community-based stroke support programme, consisting of self-management and training resources to augment the rehabilitation and recovery process. An important stage in the development of this programme is to qualitatively explore the experiences and needs of all stakeholders. Materials and methods Using co-designed and evidence-based topic guides, in-depth semi-structured interviews will be conducted with …

A Critical Hit: Dungeons And Dragons As A Buff For Autistic People, Gray Atherton, Rhys Hathaway, Ingela Visuri, Liam Cross

School of Psychology

Tabletop role-playing games (TTRPGs) are increasingly used in therapeutic and educational settings to improve the well-being of autistic people. This study investigated the potential of TTRPGs to provide a safe space where autistic adults could develop relationships with others while also engaging in character and world-building. Eight autistic adults were split into two groups and taken through a 6-week online Dungeons and Dragons campaign run by one of the researchers. Semi-structured interviews were then conducted to discuss how participants felt interacting in and out of the TTRPG. Several key themes were identified as important aspects of why autistic people could …

Overview Of The Mosaic Expedition: Ecosystem, Allison A. Fong, Clara J.M. Hoppe, Nicole Aberle, Carin J. Ashjian, Philipp Assmy, Youcheng Bai, Dorothee C.E. Bakker, John P. Balmonte, Kevin R. Barry, Stefan Bertilsson, William Boulton, Jeff Bowman, Deborah Bozzato, Gunnar Bratbak, Moritz Buck, Robert G. Campbell, Giulia Castellani, Emelia J. Chamberlain, Jianfang Chen, Melissa Chierici, Astrid Cornils, Jessie M. Creamean, Ellen Damm, Klaus Dethloff, Elise S. Droste, Oliver Ebenhöh, Sarah L. Eggers, Anja Engel, Hauke Flores, Agneta Fransson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The international and interdisciplinary sea-ice drift expedition “The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate” (MOSAiC) was conducted from October 2019 to September 2020. The aim of MOSAiC was to study the interconnected physical, chemical, and biological characteristics and processes from the atmosphere to the deep sea of the central Arctic system. The ecosystem team addressed current knowledge gaps and explored unknown biological properties over a complete seasonal cycle focusing on three major research areas: biodiversity, biogeochemical cycles, and linkages to the environment. In addition to the measurements of core properties along a complete seasonal cycle, dedicated projects …

Peer Connect: A Pragmatic Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial Of Peer Coaching For Adults With Long-Term Conditions, Rachel Dennett, Tom Thompson, Wendy Clyne, Agne Straukiene, Helen Davies-Cox, Joanne Hosking, Krystina Bones, Julian Elston

School of Health Professions

OBJECTIVE: To test the feasibility of a targeted peer coaching intervention on the health and well-being of people with long-term health conditions and low activation attending outpatient clinics at a UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust.

DESIGN: Randomised controlled feasibility trial, with embedded qualitative study.

SETTING: An NHS integrated health and care organisation in the South West of England, UK, with significant areas of deprivation.

PARTICIPANTS: Patients (over 18 year of age) of the Trust's rheumatology, pain or multiple sclerosis services, with a Patient Activation Measure score at level 1 or 2.

INTERVENTION: Up to 14 sessions of peer coaching …

Children Sustain Cooperation In A Threshold Public-Goods Game Even When Seeing Others’ Outcomes, Patricia Kanngiesser, Jahnavi Sunderarajan, Sebastian Hafenbrädl, Jan K. Woike

School of Psychology

Many societal challenges are threshold dilemmas requiring people to cooperate to reach a threshold before group benefits can be reaped. Yet receiving feedback about others’ outcomes relative to one’s own (relative feedback) can undermine cooperation by focusing group members’ attention on outperforming each other. We investigated the impact of relative feedback compared to individual feedback (only seeing one’s own outcome) on cooperation in children from Germany and India (6- to 10-year-olds, N = 240). Using a threshold public-goods game with real water as a resource, we show that, although feedback had an effect, most groups sustained cooperation at high levels …