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Menke's Method Of Preparing Hyponitrites, Alfred N. Cook Jan 1901

Menke's Method Of Preparing Hyponitrites, Alfred N. Cook

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Hyponitrites were first prepared in 1871 by Edward Divers by reducing an alkaline nitrate in water solution by means of sodium amalgam. About seven years later A. E. Menke, of Kings College, London, obtained a compound by heating cast iron filings with sodium nitrate which Professor Bloxam suggested to be the compound discovered by Dr. Divers. An analysis of the sodium determined as sodium sulphate and an analysis of the nitrogen determined as ammonia yielded the theoretical amounts of these elements, all within the limits of experimental error. On drying at 100° C. it lost in weight corresponding to three …


The Sioux City Water Supply, Alfred N. Cook, C. F. Eberly Jan 1901

The Sioux City Water Supply, Alfred N. Cook, C. F. Eberly

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

A good water supply is one of the greatest boons man can possess. Notwithstanding this fact, it is the one thing above all others, almost, which is likely to receive the least attention. It is well known to those who have given the subject some study that the taste is no criterion by which to judge a water. So often have we known men to declare that a certain water was good because of its excellent taste, often due to chlorides, nitrates, etc., derived from sewage, or outhouses not far distant. So often men will provide their families with every …


Ustilaginae Of Iowa, H. H. Hume Jan 1901

Ustilaginae Of Iowa, H. H. Hume

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Mycelium located in the tissues of the host, annual or perennial, spores produced from the mycelium at definite points on lines, stems or flowers, gelatinous at first, later pulverulent, in one species a hard, dark mass, smooth, echinulate or reticulated.


Paroxymetamethylacetophenone And Some Of Its Derivatives, J. G. Goodwin Jan 1901

Paroxymetamethylacetophenone And Some Of Its Derivatives, J. G. Goodwin

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Work leading toward the preparation of this and if possible toward one of its isomers, was commenced with work on phenol. First the phenyl acetate was made as follows: forty-one grams of phenol were taken in a distilling flask, and to this were added gradually, through a reflux condenser (in hood) twenty-eight to thirty grams (excess) of acetyl chloride. The flask was heated in a water-bath until the HC1 ceased to come off. The contents of the flask were then washed with a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide brought into a separating funnel with water, and the oil separated, dried …


Preliminary Notes On The Flora Of Western Iowa, Especialy From The Physiographical Ecological Standpoint, L. H. Pammel Jan 1901

Preliminary Notes On The Flora Of Western Iowa, Especialy From The Physiographical Ecological Standpoint, L. H. Pammel

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

In this preliminary paper I shall consider briefly only the ecological conditions of the flora, chiefly in the counties of Harrison and Pottawattamie, with brief references also to the flora of the adjoining counties. The writer has spent some time in a study of the flora of western Iowa, but much more work needs to be done before the subject is entirely completed. The region is of great interest from the botanical standpoint because this flora has many plants which are common to the western flora.


The University Of Montana Biological Station, Maurice Ricker Jan 1901

The University Of Montana Biological Station, Maurice Ricker

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

Noticeable among recent movements tending to promote the interests of biological science is the development of the inland biological station. Any arrangement whereby students and teachers may work under proper guidance out of doors, in nature's own laboratory, should be encouraged. Our own state made a beginning last summer at Lake Okoboji. I sincerely hope it may become permanent and that many teachers in Iowa will avail themselves of the opportunity to combine a pleasurable outing with profitable field and laboratory work in Natural Science.


Index Jan 1901

Index

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

No abstract provided.


Program, Iowa State Normal School, Winter Term, 1900-1901, Iowa State Normal School Jan 1901

Program, Iowa State Normal School, Winter Term, 1900-1901, Iowa State Normal School

UNI Schedule of Classes

A listing and schedule of the courses being taught at the Iowa State Normal School.


Proceedings Of The Sixteenth Annual Session Of The Iowa Academy Of Sciences: Staff & Committee Reports, S. W. Beyer Jan 1901

Proceedings Of The Sixteenth Annual Session Of The Iowa Academy Of Sciences: Staff & Committee Reports, S. W. Beyer

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The sixteenth annual session of the Iowa Academy of Sciences was held in the rooms of the Iowa Geological Survey at the capitol building in Des Moines, December 26 and 27, 1901. In the business session the following matters of general interest were passed upon.


Presidential Address - The Relation Of Physics To The Other Material Sciences, A. A. Veblen Jan 1901

Presidential Address - The Relation Of Physics To The Other Material Sciences, A. A. Veblen

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The last year or two of the nineteenth century and this first year of the twentieth have been prolific in literature dealing in one way or another with science topics. There have been addresses before learned and educational gatherings, articles in science journals, and in periodicals of well-nigh all kinds, much of all this writing having been produced by the masters and leaders of science; and the object of these productions has been, generally, to give a view of the present condition and importance of scientific work and knowledge, or to review recent progress either of science in general or …


A Devonian Hiatus In The Continental Interior - Its Character And Depositional Equivalents, Charles R. Keyes Jan 1901

A Devonian Hiatus In The Continental Interior - Its Character And Depositional Equivalents, Charles R. Keyes

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

In Iowa, with our nearly 500 feet of Devonian sediments, we are not apt to think very much about a possibility of the lack of this great system soon after the boundaries of our state are passed. Yet the possibility is an actuality. In west-central Missouri it has been lately found that no rocks of Devonian age are represented. The lower Carboniferous strata rests directly upon Ordovician dolomites.


Analyses Of Certain Clays Used For Making Paving Brick For Cedar Rapids, C. O. Bates Jan 1901

Analyses Of Certain Clays Used For Making Paving Brick For Cedar Rapids, C. O. Bates

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The following analyses were made several years ago for Mr. E. P. Boynton, the city engineer of Cedar Rapids. The clays were taken from four companies in Des Moines; each having their plant in a different part of that city.


Pleuroptyx In The Iowa Coal Measures, J. A. Udden Jan 1901

Pleuroptyx In The Iowa Coal Measures, J. A. Udden

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

At a horizon of some hundred feet above the base of the Coal Measures in Fairfield Township in Jefferson County is a seam of a concretionary limestone varying from two to five feet in thickness. It crops out on the hillside in a creek that follows the south side of the abandoned embankment of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy railroad, where this leaves the new line, about a mile and a half west of the city of Fairfield. The ledge has been quarried in several places close to the line of the old road, where some pits are still seen. …


A Study In The Hereditary Transmission Of Finger Patterns, A. A. Veblen Jan 1901

A Study In The Hereditary Transmission Of Finger Patterns, A. A. Veblen

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

By finger patterns is meant figures formed by the minute papillary ridges upon the inside surface of the last joint of the thumb and fingers. They are most conveniently studied by inking the fingers with printer's ink and making impressions on paper or any smooth light surface to which the ink will adhere. Sir Francis Galton in his work "Finger Prints" and other publications, treats the subject of these patterns exhaustively and scientifically. The patterns are of practically infinite variety. They are also persistent and unchanging through the life of the individual, and are destroyed or obliterated only by violent …


Forestry In Iowa, B. Shimek Jan 1901

Forestry In Iowa, B. Shimek

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

A paper on forestry in Iowa might be condensed in the form of a paraphrase of the schoolboy's essay on "Snakes in Ireland," — "there is no forestry in Iowa," —at least none in practice, though the need of the practical application of its principles may be seen in every township of land in the state.


Documentary Material Relating To The History Of Iowa [V.3], Benjamin F. Shambaugh Jan 1901

Documentary Material Relating To The History Of Iowa [V.3], Benjamin F. Shambaugh

Iowa Book Gallery

Volume 3 in a 3-volume set, published between 1897 and 1901 by the State Historical Society of Iowa, covers a variety of historical subjects including the acquisition and establishment of the Territory of Iowa, the admission of Iowa into the Union, and the history of local political organization within Iowa. The General Introduction in volume one states, "Scattered through various books and publications... this material has been practically inaccessible to the general body of students. It is to obviate these difficulties, and to facilitate the adoption of scientific methods of study, that the documentary material contemplated in the title is …


Title Page - Letter Of Transmittal, A. G. Leonard Jan 1901

Title Page - Letter Of Transmittal, A. G. Leonard

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

No abstract provided.


Table Of Contents Jan 1901

Table Of Contents

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

No abstract provided.


Officers, Past Presidents, And Members, Iowa Academy Of Sciences Jan 1901

Officers, Past Presidents, And Members, Iowa Academy Of Sciences

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

No abstract provided.


Some Improved Laboratory Devices And Apparatus, A. A. Veblen Jan 1901

Some Improved Laboratory Devices And Apparatus, A. A. Veblen

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The base of the model is a plain board 26 by 9 inches. At the rear edge of this is another board 5 inches wide, set on edge, A, Fig. 1. To the upper edge of the latter are hinged 27 metal rods A D, 8 inches long. The front ends of the rods are free to move up and down in vertical slots C, and each carries a white disc D half an inch in diameter, which is soldered at its center to the end of the rod, and at right angles with it. Approximately simple harmonic motion is …


The Sanitary Analyses Of Some Iowa Deep Well Waters, J. B. Weems Jan 1901

The Sanitary Analyses Of Some Iowa Deep Well Waters, J. B. Weems

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

In the investigation of deep well waters the interest in many cases has been limited to the mineral substances, and little attention given to the sanitary analysis. This is a natural result when it is realized that these waters contain large amounts of solids and the possibility of contamination by sewage or other products is very slight indeed. In connection with the work of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry of the Agricultural College, analyses of a number of samples of water from the deep wells of the state have been made and the results brought together in hope that they …


The Chemical Composition Of Sewage Of The Iowa State College Sewage Plant, J. B. Weems, J. C. Brown, E. C. Myers Jan 1901

The Chemical Composition Of Sewage Of The Iowa State College Sewage Plant, J. B. Weems, J. C. Brown, E. C. Myers

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The sewage plant of the college was constructed in 1898 from the designs and under the supervision of Prof. A. Marston, the college engineer. The plans and a short description of the work of the plant have been recently published and only the chemical investigations will be considered in this paper.


Calcium Carbide As A Dehydrating Agent For Alcohols, Alfred N. Cook, Arthur L. Haines Jan 1901

Calcium Carbide As A Dehydrating Agent For Alcohols, Alfred N. Cook, Arthur L. Haines

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

It is well known that almost all alcohols purchased in the market contain considerable water. It varies from five per cent to fifteen per cent in methyl and ethyl alcohols and is less in amyl and other alcohols. It was thought that it would be interesting and profitable to determine the degree of dehydration produced by the action of calcium carbide on the water in these alcohols.


Igneous Rocks Of The Central Caucasus And The Work Of Loewinson-Lessing, Charles R. Keyes Jan 1901

Igneous Rocks Of The Central Caucasus And The Work Of Loewinson-Lessing, Charles R. Keyes

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

In view of the widespread interest that the subject of the differentiation of rock-magmas is exciting among geologists generally I am led at this time to call your attention to one of the most recent, and at the same time one of the most important contributions which has yet been made. My notice will be brief, and will consist chiefly of an exhibition of specimens of many of the most notable rock types. An explanation of some of the most significant features will be given. Photographs of some of the most characteristic rock-masses as they appear in the field will …


Evidences Of Recent Uprisings Of The Shores Of The Black Sea, Charles R. Keyes Jan 1901

Evidences Of Recent Uprisings Of The Shores Of The Black Sea, Charles R. Keyes

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The photographs which I have to show you are to illustrate some remarkably clear examples of very recent changes in elevation of the earth's crust. Most of the pictures were taken in the neighborhood of Sudak, in the Crimea. The southern coast of this peninsula is very rugged. It rises abruptly out of the water to a height of 3,000 to 5,000 feet. The waves are constantly eating back so that in many places the coast land is almost a sheer precipice hundreds of feet high.


On The Occurrence Of Rhizopods In The Pella Beds In Iowa, J. A. Udden Jan 1901

On The Occurrence Of Rhizopods In The Pella Beds In Iowa, J. A. Udden

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

In Jefferson County the Pella beds of the Saint Louis formation have a thickness of about twenty feet. They consist of heavy ledges of calcareous limestones, interbedded with seams of marly shales, the latter being best developed in the upper part of the section. The several seams and ledges appear quite persistent and some have been identified at different points a few miles apart. They have evidently been laid down at some considerable distance from the shore. Occasionally there are ledges of limestone which are very fine-grained, almost lithographic in texture. Here as elsewhere in the south part of the …


A Large Red Hydra, Maurice Ricker Jan 1901

A Large Red Hydra, Maurice Ricker

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

During the summer session of the University of Montana Biological Station, we found what is believed to be a new hydra. It was taken in large numbers from Echo Lake, Flathead County, Montana. It has never been found in any of the other numerous streams or lakes in this vicinity, and so far as is known no other hydra has ever been collected in the state.


Some New Double Bromides And Their Dissociation In Aqueous Solution, Nicholas Knight Jan 1901

Some New Double Bromides And Their Dissociation In Aqueous Solution, Nicholas Knight

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

The purpose of this investigation is to study the condition of double bromides in the presence of varying amounts of water. The substances herein described are well defined compounds, having a composition as definite and a crystalline form as characteristic as any group of chemical substances.


The Vascular Cryptogams Of Iowa And The Adjoining Parts Of Southeastern Minnesota And Western Wisconsin, L. H. Pammel, Charlotte M. King Jan 1901

The Vascular Cryptogams Of Iowa And The Adjoining Parts Of Southeastern Minnesota And Western Wisconsin, L. H. Pammel, Charlotte M. King

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

During the past year an excellent paper on Iowa Pteridophyta, by Prof. Shimek, has appeared. This paper gives the distribution of the Iowa Pteridophytes as they are represented in the Herbarium of the State University of Iowa. The ferns as represented in our collection somewhat extend the limits and give additional localities of others. It is highly desirable that precise localities of our ferns be given, as it is a group of plants but sparsely represented in our Iowa flora. With few exceptions they are found only in favored localities.


A Ruling Engine For Making Zone Plates, W. M. Boehm Jan 1901

A Ruling Engine For Making Zone Plates, W. M. Boehm

Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science

About a century ago the corpuscular theory of light was falling into disfavor among scientific men in general and the wave theory was taking its place. Among the many contributions to the subject we find the writings of Fresnel. It was he especially who struck the decisive blow at the dying hypothesis. That part of his work which is of particular interest to us is his application of Huyghen's principle to phenomena of diffraction.