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An Exploration Of Peer Modeling On Behavior, Language, And Cognition Of Autistic Children In Early Childhood Education, Diana Pritts

Graduate Research Papers

Autism is a developmental disability that for years was closeted as a mysterious ailment that was not often researched, understood or even discussed. When the federal Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 (Public Law 94-142) was passed, parents, professionals, and even the public started to look for answers to questions about autism that had been left unanswered for years. This law stated that all handicapped children were to be placed in the least restrictive environment.

The Ethics Of Student "Affairs": Intimate Relations Between Residence Hall Directors And Students, Lori Butikofer

Graduate Research Papers

An examination of the literature concerning higher education over the past decade reveals that "ethics" has been a topic of increasing interest. Many professions have taken new steps to ensure that ethical behavior is a top priority, student services among them. Some of the primary professional associations of student services administrators such as the American College Personnel Association (ACPA), the National Association of Student Personnel Administrators (NASPA) and the National Association of Women in Education (NA WE, formerly NA WDAC) have developed formal statements of ethical standards for their members. Also, many graduate preparation programs in college and university student …

Key Academic And Affective Components In A Community College Developmental Reading Program, Terry Neary

Graduate Research Papers

The open-door policy of community colleges, has resulted in a large number of students enrolling with skill deficiencies. One-third of all entering college freshmen are skill-deficient in reading, writing, and mathematics (Plisko & Stern, 1985). These are students who would otherwise not be admitted to a major university or college because of academic deficiencies. They are students characterized as high-risk students. To serve this population can be a difficult task in that a wide diversity exists both in ability and other attributes. Community colleges need to guarantee quality education comparable to other accredited colleges, and at the same time, provide …

The Developmentally Appropriate Use Of Computers With Young Children, Bonnie Potter

Graduate Research Papers

With millions of computers now in place in our society, we can safely assume that in one form or another they are here to stay. In fact, it is difficult to think of any sector of our society that is not adapting to this technology (Caissy, 1987). It is also safe to say that the idea of computers being used in education is not to be short lived. Research on the use of computers in elementary schools supports this assumption. According to reports from the 1985 National Survey: Institutional Uses of School Computers. (Becker, 1986) the proportion of U.S. elementary …

Enhancing Awareness Of Story Structure Through Folk Tales In A Chapter I Reading Program, Candace A. Higgens

Graduate Research Papers

One means of implementing the whole language concept into a Chapter I reading program is providing quality literature experiences that are relevant to the students. Traditional basal texts and remedial materials often present reading as fragments of whole units of language and focus on arbitrary skill development (Goodman, 1987). Such texts give only a partial view of what reading is about and do not promote enjoyment of reading. Children, especially those who tend to be global learners, have difficulty relating to this material (Carbo, 1987).

Play And Literacy Development: The Role Of The Teacher And Classroom Design, Lisa Kay Schmidt

Graduate Research Papers

During the past decade, research has flourished on play and its relationship to children's learning and development (Bergen, 1987). When focusing on preschool age children, play has been seen as a leading influence on their development (Vygotsky, 1991). Recently researchers have begun to link play with literacy development (Hall, 1991). To understand play and literacy better, both terms will need to be carefully defined and their development examined.

An Evaluation Of 15 Studies Concerning The Effectiveness Of Tutorial Cai, Chin-Kau Tung

Graduate Research Papers

Increased use of the computer in business, in the classroom, and in the home has become apparent in recent years. Especially, the amount of computers in classrooms has been increasing rapidly in the last several years. According to Tolman and Allred (1991), the number of microcomputers and terminals in U.S. schools was estimated to be between 200,000 and 300,000 in 1982. In 1989, the number had increased to approximately 2.4 million. According to U.S. government statistics, the number of computers in homes is elevating. At the beginning of the 1980s, there were fewer than one million, but by the end …

A Comparison Of All-Day Every Day Kindergarten To Half-Day Every Day Kindergarten, Sue Ellen Richardson

Graduate Research Papers

No abstract provided.

Gender-Related Differences In Adolescents In The Study Of Heat Transfer, Linda L. Norris

Graduate Research Papers

As we approach the year 2000, males and females in the United States differ markedly in their representation in science -related careers. Although women comprise nearly 48% of the pool of professional workers, they represent only 25% of all scientists (Martinez, 1992). The influences and direct causes of gender differences in scientific aspiration and achievement are many, they are varied, and they are interactive. But students' attitudes toward and interest in science should not be overlooked. There is evidence that attitudes and interests might be shaped or influenced in some measure by experiences in the classroom.

Retellings In The Elementary Classroom, Agnes A. Putz

Graduate Research Papers

Children's retellings of stories and personal incidents have been used for many different reasons in research. Piaget (1926) used retellings to examine children's conception of time. Bartlett (1932) used oral retellings to study memory. O'Donnell, Griffin and Norris (1967) collected retellings of a silent movie to study differences between oral and written language. Lately, retellings have been used in the study of comprehension, particularly reading comprehension (Kalmbach, 1981).

Differences In Parenting Skills And Practices Between Older And Younger Mothers: Effects On The Developmental Levels Of Their Children, Leaann Johnson Ross

Graduate Research Papers

The relationship of parenting skills and practices to children's school achievement has been the subject of much research in the last decade (Bee et al., 1982; Bradley & Caldwell, 1980; Bradley, Caldwell, & Rock, 1988; Estrada, Arsenic, Hess, & Holloway, 1987; Hess, Holloway, Dickson, & Price, 1984; Ramey, Farran, & Campbell, 1979). The research has indicated that the foundation for children's school achievement begins with factors pertaining to the parents' education, home environment, availability of play materials, and socioeconomic status (Wadsworth, 1986).

Humanities Through World History: A Curriculum Development Project In Humanities Education For The Gifted, Susan E. Scott Cline

Graduate Research Papers

The humanities have been considered an interesting and valuable area of study for many years. The, time-honored image of a well-rounded person includes a command of literature, languages,. philosophy and the appreciation of the fine arts (Beers, 1990). In the present world, it is important to be conversant in current events, politics, religion, philosophy, fine arts and popular arts to be seen as intelligent and educated. All of these areas can be considered parts of the humanities.

Class Size And Its Considerations For At-Risk Student Academic Achievement, Debra Ann Morrow

Graduate Research Papers

Class size has been an ongoing educational issue that has ebbed and flowed. School officials are faced with a variety of funding pressures and often class size is considered to meet fiscal constructs. Is there evidence that smaller classes have benefits over larger classes and that small class sizes are cost effective? Crucial to this issue of class size is the question: What are tie findings of research studies on class size and student learning?

Drama Education: A Teaching Strategy For Young Children Affected By Attention Deficit-Hyperactive Disorder, Janice C. Miller

Graduate Research Papers

According to many experts, Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) represents the most common developmental problem in school children (Coleman & Levine, 1988; Goodyear & Hynd 1992; Henker & Whalen, 1989). Children diagnosed with ADHD share a group of symptoms including: impulsiveness, inappropriate attention span, distractibility, and in some cases, hyperactivity (American Psychiatriatric Association [APA], 1987). Problems associated with ADHD result in chronic academic and social failure (Parker, 1990). This study is a concerted effort to help parents and teachers understand the difficulties children affected by ADHD experience and to present a strategy that will help the ADHD affected child achieve success.

Attitudes Of Gifted Students Toward Pullout Programs, Terrie Jensen Huff

Graduate Research Papers

The effectiveness of various programs for gifted learners is of great concern to parents and educators. The most widely used program model for intellectually gifted students is the pullout model (Cox, Daniel, & Boston, 1985). In a nationwide comprehensive survey of gifted programs reported by Cox et al. (1985), 72% of the 4,000 responding districts used the pullout model to meet the needs of their gifted learners. This percentage increases to approximately 95% when considering only the upper elementary grade levels (Oglesby & Gallagher, 1983) .

The Relationship Of Teachers' Job Satisfaction And Their Perceptions Of Principals' Leadership Styles In Private Vocational High Schools In A Selected Metropolitan Area Of Taiwan, Ining Yuan-Hsiang Chu

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between teachers' job satisfaction and their perceptions of principals' leadership styles (transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles) in the Kaohsiung Metropolitan Area of Taiwan. A secondary purpose was to examine the difference between teachers' gender, educational level, and length of service in terms of their perceptions of the three different leadership styles and job satisfaction.

The sample consisted of 629 full-time private vocational high school teachers. The translated Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) was used to measure teachers' perceptions of their principals' leadership styles. The translated Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) …

Iowa Journal Of Communication, Volume 25, Number 1, Spring 1993 [Download Entire Issue]

Iowa Journal of Communication

No abstract provided.

Samuel Leo Becker, Iowa Icon: An Interpretive Professional Biography, John Waite Bowers

Iowa Journal of Communication

The recurring dream was prophetic for me (circa 1961), as it might have been for the other 55 doctoral students whose work Samuel Leo Becker has directed in communication, mass communication, film, American studies, and even theatre. We all knew that he would help us earn the Ph.D. if we had the necessary talent and did the necessary work. We all knew that if we did not finish the degree, he would help us explore the alternatives and find an appropriate life.

Interpersonal Ethics: Aristotle's Critique And Contribution To Contemporary Literature, Ronald C. Arnett, Pat Arneson

Iowa Journal of Communication

As educators, one of our goals must be to inform students of responsible behaviors that will enhance their relationships with others. An important aspect of responsible behavior is the establishment of a personal communication ethic. In a time when politicians regularly change their positions on significant issues, administrators encourage teachers to alter student performance scores on standardized tests, and students consider misrepresenting their experience in order to secure employment, it is important to ask: What are interpersonal communication students being taught about relational ethics? How do ethical considerations shape their interactions with others?

Having It All - Fact Of Fiction?: The Effects Of Marriage And Motherhood On The Career Patterns And Earnings Of Women Accountants, Holly R. Mahan

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

This study evaluates the effects of marriage and children on the earnings and career patterns of women accountants. Data was obtained from 116 questionnaires completed by women accountants who were employees of a large public accounting firm. The analysis suggests that neither marriage nor children have an effect on current salary levels while having children appears to have a negative effect on average annual salary growth. Having tenure with the firm and possessing a master's degree are positively related to earnings levels. The data also indicate that more rapid promotions within the firm lead to higher average salary growth rates …

Mathematics Anxiety: A Study Of Its Causes As Proclaimed By Educational Research, Jennifer Rupp

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

In today's fast-paced, high-stress society, feelings of anxiety have become commonplace; even normal. Of the many anxieties that have been found to affect people, one that I, as a future math teacher, have become very concerned about is mathematics anxiety (also called mathphobia). Even now, during my college career, I have noticed an alarming number of people around me (colleagues, co-workers, relatives, roommates, etc.) who claim to be "terrified" of math. Listening to their explanations as to why they find math so threatening has made me realize the importance that math anxiety will have in my career.

For these reasons, …

Salus Populi Suprema Lex: The Impact Of Three Major European Thinkers On The Constitution Of The United States, Corey W. Smith

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

Within the context of discussions regarding the Constitution and its forming, great emphasis is given to the history of the ideas which influenced and/or became a part of that document. The general term given to the line of thought of which our Constitution is a part is "natural law" theory, referring to the rights which the founding fathers, or natural law theorists in general, deemed so basic as to be understood. Such a doctrine manifests as the "inalienable rights ... life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" in the Declaration of Independence, but in a more subdued and practical manner …

The Psychology And Measurement Of Revenge, Paul A. Cardis

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

A theory of revenge, which distinguishes four types, is presented and tested with the Revenge Scale among 154 college students ranging in age from 18 to 40. The results support the theory of revenge put forth in this thesis. All but one of the hypothesis were supported by the data. The Revenge Scale correlated significantly and negatively with the Psychological Profile of Forgiveness, a measure of interpersonal forgiveness. The Revenge Scale was also significantly and positively correlated with State Anger, Anger Expression, and Anger Reaction, measured by the State-Trait Anger Expression Scale. No relationship was found between the Revenge Scale …

Graduate Recital, Svetlana Gabruk

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The first group of pieces on the recital is a pair of sonatas, K.148 and K.149 by Domenico Scarlatti. Domenico Scarlatti wrote approximately 555 sonatas and composed 328 of them are in pairs. The sonatas in these pairs were intended to be performed together. He also composed groupings of 3 sonatas. Scarlatti used Italian terms such as "allegro," "presto," etc., for his sonatas, but they do not tell us much about tempo. The words are more indicative of the rhythmic character and mood of the pieces. Although D. Scarlatti was a great virtuoso, consideration in performing his music must include …

Zulu Mothers’/Grandmothers’ Beliefs About Their Involvement In The Education Of Their Children/Grandchildren, Boniface Bonifar Hadebe

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

There has been a marked decline in the academic achievement of Black South African students. There has also been an increasing dropout rate among these students. This tendency toward school drop-out has brought about concern among Black educators and parents. Strategies need to be devised to reverse this trend. Developing a solid homeschool partnership might prove to be a way of enhancing students' achievement. This study investigated the beliefs that Zulu parents had regarding parental involvement in the education of their children. A random sample of 59 mothers and 58 grandmothers, who resided in Stanger-Maphumulo district, in Natal Province in …

Classroom Environment And Teachers' Beliefs: The Effects Of Retention And Transition Room Instruction On Student Reading Achievement, Carla Rae Coleman

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to evaluate gains in reading achievement made by students retained in first grade or placed in a pre-first transition room. In addition, the study examined the instructional environment of the retained and transition room students. There were four major questions which guided the study: (a) Do students in rural schools retained in first grade or placed in a pre-first grade transition room demonstrate improved reading performance during their final year in first grade when compared to their reading performance during the transition or retained year as measured by the Iowa Test of Basic Skills? …

The Role Of The Interdisciplinary Approach In Improving Middle School Curriculum, Kim L. Anderson

Graduate Research Papers

In order to survive successfully in our world, children need to be made aware of interrelatedness within their lives and taught strategies to adapt to that interdependence. Benjamin Troutman (1976) asserted, "It is...the hypothesis of many different perspectives which, in its own analytical form, illuminates aspects of man" (p.49).

Attention Deficit Disorder In Children And Adolescents, Cheryl L. Harris

Graduate Research Papers

Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) is now being diagnosed in many of our regular classroom settings. ADD has many symptoms that accompany the disorder. Two of these symptoms are: inappropriate levels of sustained attention and impulse control and poor regulation of activity level to situational demands (American Psychiatric Association, 1987). It is believed that this disorder begins in early childhood and can continue on , throughout childhood and adolescence. According to Barkley, Fischer, Newby, & Breen (1988), the mean age of onset is 4 years. More males than females have been found to evidence this disorder with the incidence ranging from …

The Problems And Remediation Of Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome/The Irlen Syndrome, Carol A. Hersom

Graduate Research Papers

Throughout the history of education, large numbers of students have experienced significant reading problems. "Despite tutoring, experiential learning, programmed instruction, remedial instruction, special education classes, plus a host of other attempted strategies, most teachers have had students for whom nothing seemed to work" (Adler & Atwood, 1987, p.1). There still remains a group of students with average or above-average intelligence who are not victims of economic, cultural, or environmental deprivation, but have difficulty reading. "Dyslexia is one label that has been used to identify these particular students" (Adler & Atwood, 1987, p. 1).

Relaxation As A Stress Reducer For Young Children Ages 4-7, Kathryn A. Heikens

Graduate Research Papers

When Hans Selye (1984) attempted to trace the history of stress, he stated, "It would be natural to start with the discovery of stress, yet it seems as though, in a sense, man always knew about this condition and even now still fails to grasp its essence completely" (p. 4). Selye presented a variety of medical treatments that have evolved through time. They have linked stress to disease production. In addition, these treatments date back to early historic times when witch doctors were called upon to banish demons.