Digital Commons Network^™

Treatment Of Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction: A Case Study, Baylee Ann Reiser

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is a progressive and debilitating disease that can lead to bony involvement or deformity. Common symptoms of PTTD include medial ankle and foot pain and acquired flat foot deformity. The purpose of this case study is to examine physical therapy interventions in a patient with chronic PTTD.

Case Description. This case study describes the 15-week physical therapy management in an outpatient clinic for a 34-year-old female with unstaged PTTD presenting with pain, decreased range of motion, strength deficits and muscle imbalance, impaired balance, and impaired gait. The patient lived a …

The Correlation Between The Season Of Birth And Early Child Development In Healthy Children: Evidence From The Midwestern Region Of The United States: A Pilot Study, Elizabeth G. Bodensteiner

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: Research has been conducted in countries like Japan and China assessing the impact of various factors on gross motor development. One variable that has been researched and discussed within studies in other countries is the relationship between gross motor development and birth season. This study aimed to address the impact of birth season on gross motor development, specifically within the Midwestern region of the United States. There is limited research regarding this topic within the Midwestern region of the United States.

Materials and Methods: Parents of 114 children completed self-reports on their children’s gross and …

Association Of Generalized Joint Hypermobility And Occurrence Of Musculoskeletal Injury In Physical Therapy And Occupational Therapy Students, Katie A. Harris

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background: Previous studies have found a higher rate of hypermobility among physical and occupational therapy students compared to the rate of hypermobility within the general public. Hypermobility has been linked to increased injury rates. This raises the question of the influence hypermobility has on injury type and recurrence.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to examine the rate of hypermobility and injury history among physical and occupational therapy students. The injury type and frequency of those with hypermobility was compared to those without hypermobility to determine if there was a relationship. The Foot Posture Index was used …

Toolkit: Strengthening Resilience: Promoting Positive School Mental Health Among Indigenous Youth, Lavonne Fox, Sarah Nielsen, Thomasine Heitkamp, Shawnda Schroeder

Indigenous Health Faculty Publications

The purpose of this document is to provide tools for k-12 educators, administrators, and mental health treatment providers to better address the learning and behavioral health needs of Indigenous youth in a holistic manner. It is also a resource for faculty working in higher education to prepare future professionals, particularly those planning to work in tribal communities with children and youth. The focus of this document is on the resilience and well-being of Indigenous youth in a historical context. The historical review provides a greater understanding of the role of boarding schools, forced colonization, and assimilation resulting in cultural genocide …

Report: North Dakota Alzheimer’S And Dementia State Plan: Current Status Of, And Recommendations For, Meeting The Needs Of Individuals And Families With Alzheimer’S Disease And Other Dementias, Shawnda Schroeder, Rebecca Quinn, Laura Hand, Gretchen Dobervich

Indigenous Health Faculty Publications

North Dakota reports the fourth highest mortality rate for Alzheimer’s disease in the United States (U.S.) at 52.9 per 100,000 North Dakota residents. The rate for the U.S. is 37 per 100,000 residents. Although leading in mortality, North Dakota is one of a few states with a State Plan for Alzheimer’s and Dementia over 12 years old. This plan was written in July of 2007 and is less than two pages. Although it does mention Alzheimer’s and other other dementias, it does not specifically outline a plan to address services for those living with, or supporting those living with, dementia …

Toolkit: Healing Our Protectors: Building Resilience Among Tribal Law Enforcement Officers Through Cultural Interventions, Lavonne Fox, Leo Sr. Belgarde, Thomasine Heitkamp, Shawnda Schroeder

Indigenous Health Faculty Publications

Introduction: The U.S. and Native Americans have a government-to-government relationship. The result of 375 treaties, established laws and instituted policies promote Tribal sovereignty and are intended to support the general wellbeing Indigenous persons and protect their lands and resources. The Tribal sovereignty includes law enforcement. This resource is intended to provide a broad understanding of the challenges both Tribal and Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) law enforcement officers face; many struggle dealing with the traumatic events they have experienced. We acknowledge that there is a scarcity of current information related to Tribal and BIA police officers’ mental health. This document …

Encouraging Equal Musical Collaboration : A Guide For Collaborative Pianists In Facilitating Effective Rehearsals, Michelle Ann Henning

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Love Is Blind: The Ironic Effect Of Fans’ Experience On Taste Perception, Jennifer L. Stoner, Maria A. Rodas

Marketing Faculty Publications

Many consumers may proclaim a love for a certain sensory experience (e.g., the taste of chocolate for “chocoholics”). These fans may have a wealth of experience consuming the product they love. In three studies, we find that these fans’ love actually blinds them in their ability to report nuances about the products they consume because of the use of top-down information processing. However, when presented with novel brand information, fans switch to a more bottom-up approach which allows greater discernment of the consumption experience. Prompting mindful consumption can also impact a fan’s ability to report a product’s nuances more accurately.

Measuring Sexual Violence Perpetration Acknowledgement: Testing The Effects Of Label And Response Format, Raeann E. Anderson, Hannah N. Doctor, Danielle M. Piggott

Psychology Faculty Publications

Individual acknowledgment of sexual assault and rape perpetration is extraordinarily low in prior research. Only about 1% of individuals report perpetrating rape, in contrast to the 6% perpetrating rape as estimated by using behaviorally specific items that exclude stigmatized words such as rape. The goal of this study was to examine two possible measurement mechanisms for increasing perpetration acknowledgment: label choice and response format. In Sample 1 (N = 291), participants completed two acknowledgment items which varied in label choice. One item used the term rape; one used the term sexual assault. Acknowledgment of perpetration using the …

Influence Of Workplace Microaggressions On Engineering Female Faculty Motivation To Do Research, Mojdeh Mardani, Robert H. Stupnisky

Education, Health & Behavior Studies Faculty Publications

Negative and often unconscious beliefs about marginalised groups, including women and people of colour, sometimes manifest in discriminatory and degrading slights called microaggressions. Since most often microaggressions are in the form of subtle actions, unobtrusive comments, or humorous gestures, they are frequently overlooked as innocent and harmless, specifically to bystanders. However, their adverse effects on those on the receiving end are anything but innocuous, even if perpetrators are utterly unaware of their harmful comments or behaviours. Minorities and marginalized individuals often find microaggressions more harmful than blatant racism and discrimination. Six hundred and eleven STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Math) faculty …

A Comparison Of Pharmacotherapy Versus Complementary Medicine In The Treatment Of Migraines, Samantha Braaten

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Migraine headache is a common, universal neurological disorder that can be complicated to treat. Despite the wide availability of treatments used as prophylactic agents against migraines, outcomes have been inconsistent, and a number of patients do not respond to prophylactic medications. Therefore, it is important to investigate new non-pharmacological modalities accompanied with less adverse effects and maximal efficacy. To determine if complementary medicine modalities such as acupuncture, botulinum toxin-A, or cognitive behavioral therapy can be as effective as traditional pharmacotherapy for the treatment of migraines, a literature review was completed using meta-analyses and clinical trial reviews. Despite the fact there …

Associations Between Screen Use And Depression In Youth, David Franta

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

the youth population have remained largely unclear  Depression is common in children and adolescents  Screen use is readily available and frequently used by children and adolescents  This literature review was conducted to evaluate current literature regarding depression in the youth population, to include differences between sexes, across ages, and amongst different types of screen use  Results demonstrate that an association between screen use and depression in the youth population does exist, particularly cross sectionally  A causative or reciprocal relationship may be present, however, if it is present, it is quite minor  Girls tend to …

Impact Of Circadian Rhythm On Adhd, Tyson Williams

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

The purpose of this research and systematic literature review is to determine if altering the circadian rhythm in people with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) improves their symptoms. Up to 75% of people with childhood-onset ADHD exhibit a delayed circadian rhythm phase. This can cause difficulty in initiating and maintaining sleep, which in turn can cause excessive daytime sleepiness and further exacerbating ADHD symptoms, especially hyperactivity. Journal articles were searched in the databases of PubMed that concerned treatment aspects that would affect circadian rhythm and ADHD. Topics were further divided into themes that included melatonin, light therapy (LT), sleep hygiene intervention, …

Lgbtq+ Stress And Trauma Within The Dsm-5: Acase Study Adaptation Of The Uconn Racial/Ethnic Stress And Trauma Survey (Unrests), Jenna M. Wolff, Raeann E. Anderson, Katya Mickelson

Psychology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Urethral Bulking Injection Therapy And Surgical Midurethral Sling Placement For Treatment Of Stress Urinary Incontinence In Women, Ashley Black

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

This literature review aims to assess the comparative efficacy and safety of urethral bulking injection therapy and surgical midurethral sling intervention in the treatment of stress incontinence in women. A comprehensive search of the existing literature was conducted and includes studies from PubMed, an electronic search databases. The findings indicate that both urethral bulking injection therapy and surgical midurethral sling intervention are suitable interventions to be considered for the treatment of stress incontinence in women. Current research available regarding the efficacy of urethral bulking agents versus midurethral slings suggests that the placement of a miduerthral sling has the highest incidence …

Roundtable: Issue 2, Mackenzie Amerman, Kalyn Bohrer, Eliza Schueneman, Victoria Voss

Roundtable: Journal of the UND Honors Program

No abstract provided.

Liraglutide Versus Semaglutide: Long Term Weight Loss Management In Obese Individuals, Mckenzie Burke

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Obesity has been a source of complications affecting multiple aspects from a physiological and psychological standpoint which has been steadily growing. There are a multitude of weight loss programs and medications with the idea of sustaining consistent weight loss to include use of the pharmaceuticals discussed within this review. The purpose of this literature review is to compare the efficacy and safety with use of liraglutide versus semaglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonists) in respect to long term weight loss management while in conjunction to lifestyle modifications within the obese population. Thorough research has been done with the aid of health science …

The Effectiveness Of The Gut-Brain-Axis Versus Ssri For Treatment And Management Of Depression, Jenni Hetletved

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a crippling condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the staple treatment adjunct to psychotherapy. Recently, the connection between gut health, specifically the gut brain axis, has been researched to look at the connection between gut microbiota and its effect on depressive symptoms. This meta-analysis evaluates the connection between gut microbiota and depression as well as the effectiveness of SSRI therapy on depression. Results show a significant change in gut microbiota with short term change to a Mediterranean diet (MD) compared to a Western diet (WD). This change in gut …

A Comparison Of Anti-Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibodies And Standard Migraine Prophylaxis In Those With Episodic Migraines, Alexie Harms

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Migraines are debilitating and a frequent reason for primary care visits. Migraines interfere with an individual’s work, school, and daily life. Standard of care treatment options for migraine prophylaxis include Propranolol, Amitriptyline, and Topiramate which were all developed for other medical conditions. These conventional medications can lead to unwanted side effects decreasing treatment adherence. Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide monoclonal antibodies (CGRP mAbs) have been under study for the treatment and prevention of migraines. The purpose of this research project is to explore the effectiveness and tolerability of CGRP mAbs in reducing the number of migraine days in comparison to conventional migraine …

Cognitive Behavior Therapy Versus Internet Cognitive Behavior Therapy In Adults With Anxiety Or Depression, Heather Greenwood

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

According to the American Psychiatric Association, the prevalence of anxiety and depression in adults in their lifetime are nearly 30% and 16.6% respectively. The combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy interventions (including talk therapy or cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)) are considered best practice, but in recent years there has been an increase in the popularity of applications and web-based services categorized as “internet cognitive behavior therapy”, or ICBT. The question proposed is, are these services as good for patient outcomes as traditional in-person CBT? A literature review was performed using electronic medical database PubMed with key word searches for cognitive behavior …

Food Intolerance In Patients With Depression, Victoria Gingrey

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Medication is commonly prescribed for the treatment of depression, but some patients have difficulty finding a medication that is both effective and tolerable while others prefer to avoid medications all together. It has been suggested that dietary modification may reduce the depressive symptoms. As lifestyle changes may be difficult to maintain long term, determining specific foods to avoid for individual patients may improve adherence. A meta-analysis of 10 articles was performed. Articles were found using the electronic search databases PubMed and PsychInfo. Many studies found correlations between biomarkers and the prediction, diagnosis, or treatment of depression, though no study suggested …

The Effectiveness Of The Gut-Brain-Axis Versus Ssri For Treatment And Management Of Depression, Jenni Hetletved

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a crippling condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the staple treatment adjunct to psychotherapy. Recently, the connection between gut health, specifically the gut brain axis, has been researched to look at the connection between gut microbiota and it’s effect on depressive symptoms. A literature review was performed using electronic databases such as PubMed, PsychINFO, and embase. This meta-analysis evaluates the connection between gut microbiota and depression as well as the effectiveness of SSRI therapy on depression. Results show a significant change in gut microbiota with short term change to …

Weight Loss For Bariatric Patients: Arterial Embolization Versus Gastric Bypass, Morgan Bernhardt

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

The primary aim of this systematic literature review is to determine the safety and efficacy of left gastric artery embolization (LGAE) in comparison to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) for bariatric patients. A total of four prospective studies focusing on left gastric artery embolization were selected and reviewed. A total of five studies were selected that discussed Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. All studies used have a publication date of 10 years or less. The research shows evidence that RYGB, an invasive surgical operation, has been proven to result in long-term efficacy of weight loss but can be associated with a higher risk …

A Comparison Of Pharmacotherapy Versus Complementary Medicine In The Treatment Of Migraines, Samantha Braaten

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

Migraine headache is a common, universal neurological disorder that can be complicated to treat. Despite the wide availability of treatments used as prophylactic agents against migraines, outcomes have been inconsistent, and a number of patients do not respond to prophylactic medications. Therefore, it is important to investigate new non-pharmacological modalities accompanied with less adverse effects and maximal efficacy. To determine if complementary medicine modalities such as acupuncture, botulinum toxin-A, or cognitive behavioral therapy can be as effective as traditional pharmacotherapy for the treatment of migraines, a literature review was completed using meta-analyses and clinical trial reviews. Despite the fact there …

Liraglutide Versus Semaglutide: Long Term Weight Loss Management In Obese Individuals, Mckenzie Burke

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

Obesity has been a source of complications affecting multiple aspects from a physiological and psychological standpoint which has been steadily growing. There are a multitude of weight loss programs and medications with the idea of sustaining consistent weight loss to include use of the pharmaceuticals discussed within this review. The purpose of this literature review is to compare the efficacy and safety with use of liraglutide versus semaglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonists) in respect to long term weight loss management while in conjunction to lifestyle modifications within the obese population. Thorough research has been done with the aid of health science …

A Comparison Of Common Treatment Modalities For Veterans Diagnosed With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Versus Low-Dose Ketamine Therapy, Kristopher Flynt

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

The purpose of this research and systematic literature review is to compare the drug ketamine’s efficacy at treating post-traumatic stress disorder for veterans and active-duty military compared to approved Food and Drug Administration (FDA) options and combination medication/psychotherapy. In this review, three databases were searched including Pubmed, ClinicalKey, and PsycInfo from October 3 to January 9, 2023. Additionally, the Veterans Affairs (VA)/Department of Defense (DOD) Clinical Practice Guidelines was utilized. A variety of key and mesh terms were utilized when database searching. Chosen works for review included randomized control trials, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, and retro-perspective studies. Sources that were excluded …

Associations Between Screen Use And Depression In The Youth Population, David Franta

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

The association between depression in the youth population and screen use has remained largely unclear. Depression is a common finding in children and adolescents, and as mobile phones, computers, and television are becoming more readily available to young populations, evaluation of the relationship between the two could likely be very important. Unfortunately, little concrete evidence has been established regarding the direct effects of screen time and the presence or development of depression. A literature review comprised of both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies was performed to evaluate the current literature regarding screen use and depression in the youth population, including differences …

Home-Based Cardiac Rehab Vs. Center-Based Cardiac Rehab In Rural Areas, Timothy Fresonke

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

Cardiac rehabilitation in rural areas can present unique challenges. The main challenge is the locations patients must travel to receive such care. Some patients are expected to travel more then an hour away, on multiple occasions during the week, to undergo therapy. This can be an issue for many patients and something that has been studied and is starting to be addressed in various countries. A literature review was done to see if there was a safe and effective alternative to the traditional center-based cardiac rehabilitation. The electronic search databases PubMed, Embase and CINAHL Complete were utilized to search for …

Food Intolerance In Patients With Depression, Victoria Gingrey

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

Depression is a multifactorial condition affecting people worldwide. Medication is commonly prescribed for the treatment of depression, but some patients have difficulty finding a medication that is both effective and tolerable while others prefer to avoid medications all together. It has been suggested that dietary modification may reduce the depressive symptoms. As lifestyle changes may be difficult to maintain long term, determining specific foods to avoid for individual patients may improve adherence. A meta-analysis of 10 articles was performed. Articles were found using the electronic search databases PubMed and PsychInfo. Serology differences were appreciated between patients with depression and healthy …

Cognitive Behavior Therapy Versus Internet Cognitive Behavior Therapy In Adults With Anxiety Or Depression, Heather Greenwood

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

According to the American Psychiatric Association, the prevalence of anxiety and depression in adults in their lifetime are nearly 30% and 16.6% respectively. The combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy interventions (including talk therapy or cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)) are considered best practice, but in recent years there has been an increase in the popularity of applications and web-based services categorized as “internet cognitive behavior therapy”, or ICBT. The question proposed is, are these services as good for patient outcomes as traditional in-person CBT? A literature review was performed using electronic medical database PubMed with key word searches for cognitive behavior …