Digital Commons Network^™

Perspectives Of Sponsors And Home-Based Child Care Providers In New Mexico On Burdens And Benefits Of The Child And Adult Care Food Program, Monica Asencio Pimentel, Hailey Heinz, Darlene Castillo, Yoselin Cordova, Rebecca Fowler, Dana Bell, Elizabeth Yakes Jimenez

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: Few studies have investigated factors influencing CACFP enrollment and participation from the perspectives of sponsors and home-based child care providers, and especially those serving rural, Spanish-speaking, and border communities. The aim of this study was to describe New Mexico (NM) CACFP sponsor and home-based child care provider perspectives on burdens and benefits of the CACFP program.

Methods: Eleven interviews with sponsor staff and 11 focus groups and 33 interviews with 75 predominantly Spanish-speaking home-based child care providers (enrolled/not enrolled in CACFP) in NM from August 2020-April 2022. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results: Home-based child care providers not …

Effect Of Recorded Maternal Voice On Quantitative Eeg In The Preterm Newborn, Meghan Groghan, Kate Cavanagh, Dawn Novak, Aaron Cardon

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: Despite continued advances in quality medical care for premature infants, neurodevelopmental delay remains one of the most common complications of prematurity. It is also known that early diagnosis and intervention for developmental delays leads to improved outcomes. More recently, quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) has shown potential as a prognostic tool for identifying delays in preterm infants but remains an underutilized assessment. Maternal voice exposure has positive effects on autonomic stability and feeding vigor/tolerance in preterm infants. This novel study aims to investigate the effects of recorded maternal voice on qEEG patterns in preterm neonates.

Methods: Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial …

Central Diabetes Insipidus Combined With Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome In The Setting Of Acute Myeloid Leukemia In A Pediatric Patient, Kyree Sky, Senan Hadid

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background

Several case reports show a rare association with the development of central diabetes insipidus and Acute Myeloid Leukemia as well as Central Diabetes Insipidus alternating with Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome in the adult population. We report a case where an individual found to have AML who later developed Central Diabetes Insipidus and then alternating Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome in a pediatric patient.

Clinical Case

A previously healthy 6 month old female infant, presented with new persistent fever and fatigue for three weeks. She was admitted found to have macrocytic anemia (8.4 g/dL), leukocytosis 29.2 x10E3/uL with 23.9 x10E3/uL lymphoblasts, …

Modification Of Existing Head Circumference Charts For New Mexico Native American Children, Myranda Robinson, Holly Jones, Sahana Ummadi, Julianne Olguin, Jewel Meyer-Hagen, Hangameh Pajer, James Botros, Ariana Barkley, Orrin Myers, Heather Spader

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background

Current Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) growth charts are based on normative data that do not adequately represent the distinct pattern of head growth observed by providers for New Mexican Native American children.1 Therefore, Native American children with normal but larger head circumferences (HC), can be inaccurately diagnosed with macrocephaly and undergo unnecessary diagnostic workups.2 The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether HCs for Native American children in New Mexico distribute differently than established growth charts.

Methods

This is an IRB-approved retrospective chart review of all Native American well-child visits from ages …

Validity Of The Strongkids Malnutrition Tool In U.S. Hospitals, Samuel Thompson, Erin Lamers-Johnson, Alison Steiber, Elizabeth Yakes Jimenez

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

The STRONGkids malnutrition risk tool has not been validated in the U.S. Our objective was to evaluate the predictivity validity of the STRONGkids tool in U.S. pediatric hospitals. A trained registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) completed the STRONGkids tool for all enrolled patients. Clinical outcomes, disease severity (Charlson Comorbidity Index), and sociodemographics were extracted from the medical record. Multilevel Poisson or generalized linear models were used to examine the relationship between STRONGkids tool results (0 points = low nutrition risk; 1-3 = medium risk; 4-5 = high risk) and total number of readmissions and emergency room visits within 90 days of …

A Rare Case Of Stage Iii Colorectal Adenocarcinoma In A Child, Tess Pei Lemon, David Lemon, Joshua Hanson, Sara Janos, Pankaj Vohra

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC), while one of the most common tumors in adults, is a very rare malignancy in the pediatric population. Pediatric patients often present at an advanced-stage of disease and have poor prognostic outcomes when compared with adults1. Often, these patients are older adolescents, with limited case reports available on younger CRC patients. We present here a case of an 11-year-old boy with a negative family history of colon cancer and genetic conditions, who was found to have multiple polyps and a large 3.5 cm x 2.5 cm tumor in the transverse colon, ultimately diagnosed with Stage IIIC colorectal …

Non-Abstinent Recovery In Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention: Exploring Mechanisms Of Change And Social Moderators, David I.K Moniz-Lewis

Psychology ETDs

Recovery from substance use disorder (SUD) is heterogeneous by nature. Yet, over the last 50 years, substance use treatment providers and researchers have often defined success as sustained abstinence from substances. An often overlooked but equally valid pathway to recovery for persons with SUD is non-abstinent recovery. However, the majority of the literature on non-abstinent recovery exists for individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) with little empirical inquiry into non-abstinent recovery for other types of SUD. Additionally, there is also no known literature, to date, that explores the mechanisms that lead to non-abstinent recovery for individuals who have engaged in …

Data-Driven Stochastic Optimal Control Using Hilbert Space Embeddings Of Distributions, Adam J. Thorpe

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Autonomous systems are increasingly being deployed in complex environments subject to real-world uncertainty. For such systems, it may be exceptionally difficult or even impossible to compute a simple mathematical model of the system--for instance due to the presence of human elements, complex mechanics or system dynamics, or learning-enabled components. Data-driven control has recently gained significant attention in this area, where observations taken from the system evolution are used to compute an implicit representation of the system that is amenable to analysis and control. However, data-driven algorithms for control present new challenges, and require new insights to enable their use. The …

Ontogeny Of Sleeping Behaviour In Four Solitary Species Of Anolis Lizards, Joseph C. Barnett, Steven Poe

Biology ETDs

Despite the nearly ubiquitous nature of sleep in the animal kingdom, behavioural research on sleep has focused on a few model organisms and widespread behaviours studied in artificial laboratory settings. In this study, we examine the ontogeny of sleeping perch selection in four closely related species of arboreal lizard in situ. The study species each occupy similar habitats and share "solitary" ecology wherein potential lizard competitors are absent, thus providing four partially independent replicates with which to test hypotheses. We find that structural niche, analysed as perch height, varies by age and sex. Males sleep higher than females and adults …

Sample Questions Formulated By Medical Students For Block Assignment, Jonathan Eldredge, Melissa A. Schiff, Jens O. Langsjoen

Publications

Medical students in the Quantitative Medicine Block completed an Evidence Based Practice (EBP) assignment worth 10% of the final Block grade. The question formulation segment was worth 50% of the assignment score. Students received instructions with an designated subject and some parameters for developing their own EBP questions using the rubric. This supplementary material offers some noteworthy formulated student questions.

Changes In Utilization Of Marijuana During Pregnancy Before And After Legalization In New Mexico, Michael Apostol, Colton Miller, Jacob Torres, Jessie R. Maxwell

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

IRB number: 22-022

Category: Original research vs. In-progress research

Contact person: Jessie Maxwell, MD; [email protected]

Background: In 2021, New Mexico legalized marijuana (cannabinoids) for recreational use. Legalization indicates increasing public health significance given the frequency of use during pregnancy, as in-utero cannabinoid exposure has been linked with decreases in birth weight and alterations in neuropsychological development. As more states legalize the recreational use of cannabinoids, it is important to understand the impact this has on use during pregnancy. Thus, we investigated the utilization of cannabinoids in pregnant individuals before and after recreational use legalization, with the hypothesis that the incidence …

Genomic Sequencing Of An Atypical Outbreak Of Human Metapneumovirus In A Pediatric Population Reveals The Co-Circulation Of Multiple Genetic Lineages, Joshua Kennedy, Jesse Young, Kurt Schwalm, Daryl Domman, Darrell Dinwiddie

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a common cause of respiratory infections in children, accounting for 5-15% of all acute respiratory infections in this population. Although HMPV is closely related to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) its incidence, epidemiology, and genetic diversity are poorly understood. In the United States, HMPV infections typically occur annually in the winter and early spring months. Similar to other common respiratory viruses, during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic, cases of HMPV were nearly absent. However, in the summer and early fall of 2022 an atypical and dramatic increase of HMPV cases across the United States …

Optimizing Infant And Toddler Feeding For Obesity Prevention, Monique K. Vallabhan, Patricia H. Roldan, Jerry G. Larrabee, Alison E. Campbell, Loretta M. Cordova De Ortega, Rebecca R. Craig, Emilie A. Sebesta, Chloe A. Stoffel, Teresa A. Vigil, Crystal C. Avila-Schroeder, Kristin M. Faulk, Jessica Niles, Sylvia Negrete

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: The prevalence of obesity in U.S. children ages 6-11 years has more than tripled from 4% to 15% from 1963-2000. Acceleration continued from 2017-2020, with the prevalence of obesity in children at 19%. In 2017-2018, the rise in obesity prevalence slowed in children younger than 6 years of age, but increases continued among certain populations, including adolescents and non-Hispanic Black and Mexican American youth. While obesity that originates early in life is predictive of obesity in adulthood, early healthy active-living patterns beginning from preconception through age 2 years influence the development of children’s future health and risk for obesity. …

A Phenomenological Study Of The Lived Experiences Of New Mexico Charter Leaders Through The Covid-19 Pandemic, Nadine T. Torres

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

The pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus has impacted the educational landscape in unbelievable ways. The changes to the learning environment in schools required leaders to obtain and exercise different competencies. New Mexico charter leaders are leading in the new normal of public education. With the additional roles, requirements, and expectations brought on by the pandemic, leaders cannot return to their prior leadership practices. The purpose of this qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological study was to understand and give voice to the lived experiences of NM charter leaders working through the COVID-19 pandemic. The narrative of the participants highlighted four major themes: …

Seeking And Obtaining Services: The Perspectives Of Caregivers Of Children With Asd In Rural New Mexico, Brandon Rennie, Emily Andrews, Elisheva Levin, Monica Asencio-Pimentel, Ann Branscum

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Many large-scale investigations have identified racial, ethnic, and geographic disparities in access to intervention and services for ASD. However, the mechanisms sustaining these disparities have received much less attention. Moreover, little attention has been given to methods to reduce disparities, increase health equity, and improve long-term outcomes. The overall objective of this study was to describe the perspectives of caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) living in rural New Mexico on their experiences obtaining services following a diagnosis. To do so, we conducted a qualitative study using a grounded theory approach to interview 9 caregivers of children with …

Characterizing Current Sedation And Pain Medication Use In The Newborn Intensive Care Unit: Implications For Dexmedetomidine Guideline Development, Austin Carrier, Dane G. Winter, Zoe Henderson, Jessica Gross, Eleni Shenk, Jessie R. Maxwell

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: Pain medication use in the Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU) can be highly challenging due to concerns for negative impact on long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. Many commonly utilized pain medications and sedatives such as midazolam, fentanyl, and morphine have problematic side effects, such as decreased gut motility, that can prolong time to full feeds and increase hospital length of stay. Additionally, there are associations with neurodevelopmental delays following exposures. There remains a paucity of data regarding possible alternative medications that may not have this side effect profile. Dexmedetomidine may be a safe alternative, although additional investigations are needed to determine …

Perceptions On The Use Of Medications For Weight Management From Teens, Parents, And Pediatricians In The Southwest, Joshua A. Vasquez, Monique Vallabhan, Patricia Roldan, Alberta Kong, Andrew Sussman

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: The prevalence of obesity in the U.S. has reached epidemic proportions, affecting 40% of adults and 20% of adolescents with Hispanic and Native American populations having greater risk. Once onset occurs in childhood, it typically persists into adulthood. Mainstream behavioral treatments for adolescent obesity promote improvements in diet and physical activity. However, meta-analyses indicate that most adolescents with obesity treated with lifestyle modifications attain at best only minimal reductions in body mass index. Therefore, adjunct pharmacotherapy is recommended. Despite these recommendations, pediatricians rarely use pharmacological options as there are few available and there has been negative publicity on weight …

Implementation Of A Standardized Quality-Improvement-Centered Multidisciplinary Meeting To Improve Quality Of Patient Care By Optimizing Teamwork, N Mullen, L Hall, D Condrey, D Novak

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Optimal care of the critically ill neonate requires Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) colleagues to work interdependently, with the quality of teamwork linked to the quality and safety of healthcare delivery. Patient outcomes suffer when a complex healthcare unit lacks cohesion, as evidenced by occurrence of preventable patient harm events or unintentional deviation from evidence-based standards of care practices. Barriers to a successful team dynamic may include inadequate interdisciplinary communication, siloed approaches to unit education, or an individual-centric practice culture. This project aims to foster interdisciplinary collaboration and provide centralized support to increase teamwork dynamics and quality of care within …

Cerebral Oxygenation In Preterm Infants Born At High-Altitude In The First 96hrs Of Life, Leah Enright, Jessica Gross, Dawn Novak, Jessie R. Maxwell

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: Cerebral oxygenation as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) may be a better predictor for risk of brain hypoperfusion than standard hemodynamic monitoring parameters. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rcSO2) and cerebral fractional tissue oxygen extraction (cFTOE) in term neonates have been found to be lower in those born at high-altitude compared to those born at low-altitude. Reference ranges for cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants born at high-altitude remain to be described.

Objective: Obtain normative data for rcSO2 and cFTOE in preterm infants at a high-altitude location (5,312ft/1619m) and evaluate for correlations with fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) required, hemodynamic parameters, …

Difficult Conversations: Practicing Delivering Bad News With Pediatric Residents Through Simulation Curriculum, Morgan L. Day, Lanier Lopez, Jodi Mayfield, Justin Hessinger

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Delivering bad news is a task that physicians often find themselves facing, regardless of specialty. And yet, most physicians state that they feel uncomfortable or ill-equipped for these situations.1 In a recently published study evaluating internal medicine interns’ comfort level with delivering bad news, only 51% of interns reported feeling comfortable delivering difficult news to patients and their family members.2 Currently, the UNM Pediatric Residency program does not have any consistent and formal training for residents on how to deliver bad news. This quality improvement project aimed to implement a workshop to train pediatric residents on how to deliver difficult …

Menetekel: Ishmael's Black Whale And The Semiotics Of Doom, Todd Tyner Cronkhite

English Language and Literature ETDs

This study employs the narrator of Moby Dick, Ishmael, as a focal critic to interpret several potential examples of ominous writing on the wall, or menetekel. It concludes that the message of such writing, owing primarily to its irrevocably deictic relationship with the surface it is written on, is fundamentally apocalyptic in nature, regardless of its explicit content. The physical walls of the “kingdom” are incorporated into the grammar of the menetekel as object, so that its elemental message, “I was here,” becomes not only an admission of criminal trespass, but also a direct threat to the current order and …

Evaluation Of The Dynamic Vision Sensor’S Photoreceptor Circuit For Infrared Event-Based Sensing, Zinah M. Alsaad

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

For space surveillance applications, neuromorphic imaging is being studied as it may perform sensing and tracking tasks with less power and downstream datalink demand. The read-out of the event-based camera is made to only be sensitive to changes in the signals it receives from the photodetector, which results in a datastream of events indicating where and when changes in illumination occur. This is in contrast to the conventional framing camera, which produces images by essentially counting the electrons produced by light incident on each pixel’s photodetector. These cameras are commercially available with siliconbased detectors for applications involving visible wavelengths. However, …

Chance Constrained Stochastic Optimal Control Of Discrete Time Linear Stochastic Systems With Applications In Multi-Satellite Operations, Shawn Priore

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Stochastic disturbances arise in a variety of engineering applications. For tractability, Gaussian disturbances are often assumed. However, this may not always be valid, such as when a disturbance exhibits heavy-tailed or skewed phenomena. As autonomous systems become more ubiquitous, non-Gaussian disturbances will become more common due to the compounding effects of sensing, actuation, and external forces. Despite this, little has been done to develop formal methods that are both computationally efficient and allow for analytical assurances with non-Gaussian disturbances. Addressing convex polytopic set acquisition and non-convex collision avoidance chance constraints with quantile and moment-based reformulations, this dissertation proposes novel stochastic …

Long-Term Human Participation Detection Using A Dynamic Scene Analysis Model, Wenjing Shi

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

The dissertation develops new methods for assessing student participation in long (>1 hour) classroom videos. First, the dissertation introduces the use of multiple image representations based on raw RGB images and AM-FM components to detect specific student groups. Second, a dynamic scene analysis model is developed for tracking under occlusion and variable camera angles. Third, a motion vector projection system identifies instances of students talking.

The proposed methods are validated using digital videos from the Advancing Out-of-school Learning in Mathematics and Engineering (AOLME) project. The proposed methods are shown to provide better group detection, and better talking detection at …

B-Cell Monoclonal Antibodies For Management Of Relapse Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Cost Effectiveness Analysis, Sarah Glover

Pharmaceutical Sciences ETDs

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease in which the central nervous system’s myelin sheath is degraded by auto-immune cells. Relapse remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is the most common MS phenotype, accounting for ~85% of new diagnoses. Disease modifying therapies (DMTs) are used in RRMS to reduce the frequency of relapses and prevent disability progression. The present study performed a cost effectiveness analysis of three B-cell depleting monoclonal antibody DMTs: ocrelizumab, ofatumumab and rituximab, in comparison to commonly utilized interferon beta-1a (IFN-B1a). A Markov model was created to determine the impact of selected DMTs on the number of …

20230412_Autism Acceptance Month, Varina Kosovich

HSLIC Blog Post

No abstract provided.

The Native Health Database: Embedding Outreach With Culturally-Respectful Technology, Jonathan M. Pringle

Posters and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Development Of Models For The Velocity-Pressure Gradient Correlations In Incompressible Wall-Bounded Planar Turbulent Flows Using Multiple Linear Regression, Juampablo E. Heras Rivera

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

In this thesis, the multiple linear regression method is applied to clarify terms and their coefficients in data-driven models for velocity/pressure-gradient (VPG) correlations in the Reynolds stress transport equations. Additionally, a method for developing universal linear models for the VPG correlations with unchanging coefficients when complex conditions arise in a flow is introduced. The generated models were assessed using residual analysis to ensure an appropriate level of accuracy. Data from direct numerical simulation in an incompressible fully-developed turbulent channel flow at Re_tau = 392 with an adverse pressure gradient is used in the study as the data source.

Creando La Confianza: Narratives On Mentorship Of Latina Professors At The University Of New Mexico, Maria G. Vielma

Spanish and Portuguese ETDs

Numerous scholars have investigated the significant role that representation and mentorship play in the success of Latinas and other women of color during their journey through higher education, from degree completion to faculty hiring and advancement (Vasquez 1982, Zambrana et. al. 1997, Valdez 2001, Cavazos & Cavazos 2010, Shayne 2020, Contreras et. al. 2022). However, little research exists surrounding the lived experiences that have shaped mentorship carried out by university faculty, specifically, mentorship carried out by bilingual Latina faculty in higher education. Through a Latina Feminist Epistemology implementing Oral History Methodologies, this thesis aims to understand the cycle of mentorship …

20230411_National Student Employee Appreciation Week, Varina Kosovich

HSLIC Blog Post

No abstract provided.