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Articles 1291 - 1320 of 3417
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A Review On Recent Development Of Neutro-Topology, Bhimraj Basumatary
A Review On Recent Development Of Neutro-Topology, Bhimraj Basumatary
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
Smarandache proposed NeutroAlgebra and AntiAlgebra. NeutroAlgebras and AntiAlgebras are a new research topic based on real-world scenarios. He investigated the concepts of neutro- and anti-structure. He demonstrated using NeutroAlgebra concepts that just because a statement is completely true in a classical Algebra does not imply that it is also completely true in a NeutroAlgebra or AntiAlgebra. It is determined by the operations and axioms on which it is based (whether they are completely true, partially true, totally false, or partially or completely indeterminate). This study examines the concepts of Generalised regular Neutro-Topological space and its properties.
The Study Of Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures And Itsapplication In Medical Science, Binu R, Paul Isaac
The Study Of Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures And Itsapplication In Medical Science, Binu R, Paul Isaac
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
Neutrosophic exact sequence and its construction is presented as algebraic structure in this article. A mathematical construction known as a neutrosophic exact sequence expands the implications of an exact sequence from classical algebra to the domain of neutrosophic sets. This work introduces a full description of neutrosophic exact sequence of R-modules as a structural preserving tools and discusses the fundamental features. Additionally we examine the role of beta level sets in neutrosophic sets and investigate the neutrosophic split exact sequence.
Tec 21 Model And Critical Thinking: An Ncm-Based Neutrosophic Analysis In Higher Education, Mohd Anas Wajid, Claudia Camacho-Zuñiga, Florentin Smarandache, Hugo Terashima-Marin, Mohammad Saif Wajid, Mohammad Kaif Wajid
Tec 21 Model And Critical Thinking: An Ncm-Based Neutrosophic Analysis In Higher Education, Mohd Anas Wajid, Claudia Camacho-Zuñiga, Florentin Smarandache, Hugo Terashima-Marin, Mohammad Saif Wajid, Mohammad Kaif Wajid
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
With a growing emphasis on developing transverse competencies in students, many educational institutions are trying to revolutionize the traditional system of education. One among others is TEC de Monterrey in Mexico which refines its educational models so that the students can be nourished with the skills that prepare them not only for the present but for years to come. Among skill development transverse competencies are considered a key to the successful career development of a student that emphasizes on critical thinking aspect. So mainly the the educational models try to inculcate or enhance the critical thinking of students. Towards this …
Neutrosophic Logic To Navigate Uncertainty Of Security Events In Mexico, Mohammad Saif Wajid, Hugo Terashima Marin, Mohd Anas Wajid, Florentin Smarandache, Satya Bhushan Verma, Mohammad Kaif Wajid
Neutrosophic Logic To Navigate Uncertainty Of Security Events In Mexico, Mohammad Saif Wajid, Hugo Terashima Marin, Mohd Anas Wajid, Florentin Smarandache, Satya Bhushan Verma, Mohammad Kaif Wajid
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
A significant degree of uncertainty surrounds security events in Mexico because of the interaction of multiple socioeconomic and political elements. Conventional probabilistic and logical approaches frequently fall short of properly handling this uncertainty. To effectively navigate and manage security incidents in Mexico, this study suggests applying neutrosophic logic, an extension of classical logic that allows for indeterminacy and partial knowledge. Neutrosophic logic provides a more adaptable framework for making decisions in uncertain contexts by simultaneously handling true, false, and indeterminate values. In this study, we have created a neutrosophic-based model that includes metrics like social unrest, economic instability, and crime …
Neutrosophic Industry 5.0 Inventory Model With Technology Driven Demand And Costs Parameters, A. Theeba, Nivetha Martin, Florentine Smarandache
Neutrosophic Industry 5.0 Inventory Model With Technology Driven Demand And Costs Parameters, A. Theeba, Nivetha Martin, Florentine Smarandache
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
In this age of technology, the manufacturing sectors are embracing the elements of industry 5.0 to setup a robust kind of production process. This research work proposes a novel neutrosophic production inventory model encompassing the cost parameters of technology inaddition to the conventional inventory costs. In this model the demand is expressed as function of technology of the form αe^(-βt)+γt with the coefficients α, β and γdealing with the initial demand, decrease in demand over time and increase in demand with the adoption of new technology. The neutrosophic model developed in this work addresses the decision circumstances of indeterminacy in …
A Note On Generalized Heptagonal Neutrosophic Sets, Subasree R, Basarikodi K, Saeid Jafari, G. Nordo
A Note On Generalized Heptagonal Neutrosophic Sets, Subasree R, Basarikodi K, Saeid Jafari, G. Nordo
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
The concept of a Generalized Heptagonal Neutrosophic set is introduced and its properties are examined in this paper. We also discussed about the interior and closure operators of the Generalized Heptagonal neutrosophic set.
Exploring Topological Characteristics Of Neutrosophic Banach Spaces, Pandiselvi. M, Jeyaraman. M
Exploring Topological Characteristics Of Neutrosophic Banach Spaces, Pandiselvi. M, Jeyaraman. M
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
The open mapping theorem, the closed graph theorem, and other topological characteristics of neurosophic Banach spaces are examined in this paper. Moreover, in neutrosophic normed spaces, the closedness characteristics of the sum of two linear operators has been studied.
New Multi‑Criteria Decision Making Technique Based On Neutrosophic Qualiflex Method, Antonios Paraskevas, Michael Madas
New Multi‑Criteria Decision Making Technique Based On Neutrosophic Qualiflex Method, Antonios Paraskevas, Michael Madas
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
The field of Multicriteria Decision Making (MCDM) has advanced significantly, with methods like QUALIFLEX playing a key role by integrating concordance and discordance measures for robust decision outcomes. This paper introduces an innovative extension, neutrosophic QUALIFLEX, which incorporates neutrosophic sets to better handle uncertainty and indeterminacy. Neutrosophic logic manages truth, indeterminacy, and falsity simultaneously, offering a nuanced approach compared to traditional models. The scope of this article is the application of neutrosophic QUALIFLEX to staff selection in business, a scenario often plagued by high uncertainty. Preliminary results show that neutrosophic QUALIFLEX provides superior performance, delivering more accurate and reliable rankings …
Hausdorf Space In Neutrosophic Ideal Topological Spaces: Applications In Decision Making, Kalaivani C, Sofía Jennifer J
Hausdorf Space In Neutrosophic Ideal Topological Spaces: Applications In Decision Making, Kalaivani C, Sofía Jennifer J
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
This paper presents the concept of neutrosophic I–Hausdorffness in the context of neutrosophic ideal topological spaces, along with various related theorems. Additionally, we provide a practical example showcasing the application of neutrosophic ideals in facilitating decision-making in uncertain environnments.
Plithogenic Hypersoft Based Plithogenic Cognitive Maps In Sustainable Industrial Development, N. Angel, P. Pandiammal, Nivetha Martin
Plithogenic Hypersoft Based Plithogenic Cognitive Maps In Sustainable Industrial Development, N. Angel, P. Pandiammal, Nivetha Martin
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
Plithogenic Cognitive Maps (PCM) is a comprehensive decision tool discussed in diverse dimensions. The development of PCM models is indispensable in the domain of decision-making. This research work proposes theoretical framework of Plithogenic hypersoft sets (PHS) based PCM. This is a novel approach to make optimal decisions by considering several aspects simultaneously. The objective of this integrated approach is to make concurrent investigations on the interassociational impacts between the factors of the problem taken into account. The PHS based PCM is applied to a decision - making scenario of sustainable industrial development to demonstrate the significance of this PHS based …
Enhanced Neutrosophic Set And Machine Learning Approach For Breast Cancer Prediction, Ashika T, Hannah Grace, Nivetha Martin, Florentin Smarandache
Enhanced Neutrosophic Set And Machine Learning Approach For Breast Cancer Prediction, Ashika T, Hannah Grace, Nivetha Martin, Florentin Smarandache
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer that affects women worldwide and poses a serious risk to female mortality. In order to lower death rates and enhance treatment results, early detection is critical. Neutrosophic Set Theory (NST) and machine learning (ML) approaches are integrated in this study to provide a novel hybrid methodology (NS-ML) that improves breast cancer diagnosis. Using the Wisconsin Diagnostic Breast Cancer (WDBC) dataset, the research transforms these data into Neutrosophic (N) representations to effectively capture uncertainties. When trained on the N-dataset instead of traditional datasets, ML algorithms such as Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest …
Improved Method Of Interval Valued Neutrosophic Matrix Composition And Its Application In Medical Diagnosis, S. Sathiya, A. Puspalatha
Improved Method Of Interval Valued Neutrosophic Matrix Composition And Its Application In Medical Diagnosis, S. Sathiya, A. Puspalatha
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
Neutrosophic sets are an important branch of topology that addresses issues with inconsistent, indeterminate, and uncertain situations in everyday life. Interval valued neutrosophic sets, known as subclasses of neutrosophic sets, have been specifically designed to address problems with a set of numbers in the real unit of interval rather than just a single number. Interval valued neutrosophic(IVN) matrix plays an influential role in decision making problems with indeterminant and inconsistent information. The objective of the paper is to discuss the concepts and operations of IVN matrix theory and propose a newly concept of an improved method of IVN matrix composition …
Numerical Techniques For Solving Ordinary Differentialequations With Uncertainty, Augus Kurian, I R. Sumathi
Numerical Techniques For Solving Ordinary Differentialequations With Uncertainty, Augus Kurian, I R. Sumathi
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
In this article, we derive a numerical solution to the ordinary differential equation with a neutrosophic number as the initial condition.The Adams-Bashforth, Adams-Moulton, and predictorcorrector algorithms are used to solve the differential equation with hexagonal neutrosophic number as the initial condition. The convergence and stability of the methods are also investigated.
Aczel-Alsina Power Average Aggregation Operators Of Singlevalued Neutrosophic Under Confdence Levels And Theirapplication In Multiple Attribute Decision Making, S Bharathi, S Mohanaselvi
Aczel-Alsina Power Average Aggregation Operators Of Singlevalued Neutrosophic Under Confdence Levels And Theirapplication In Multiple Attribute Decision Making, S Bharathi, S Mohanaselvi
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
In decision making scenarios, dealing with imprecise information through extensions of fuzzy sets is crucial. Among these extensions, single valued neutrosophic set (SVNS) are especially effective at managing and interpreting such imprecise data. In the current study, decision makers confidence levels, derived from their familiarity with the assessed objects, are combined with the primary data within a neutrosophic framework. This paper focuses on developing innovative confidence single valued neutrosophic (SVN) aggregation operators (AO) that utilize the recently developed Aczel-Alsina (AA) operational laws and power AO (PAO) to capture the interrelationships among aggregated single valued neutrosophic numbers (SVNN). Specifically, it introduces …
A Novel Approach To Apple Leaf Disease Detection Usingneutrosophic Logic-Integrated Efcientnetb0, Arpan Singh Rajput, Alpa Singh Rajput, Samajh Singh Thakur
A Novel Approach To Apple Leaf Disease Detection Usingneutrosophic Logic-Integrated Efcientnetb0, Arpan Singh Rajput, Alpa Singh Rajput, Samajh Singh Thakur
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
Detecting diseases in apple leaves accurately and efficiently is vital for maintaining healthy crops and ensuring optimal yield. This paper introduces a novel approach that integrates Neutrosophic Logic with the EfficientNetB0 model to enhance the classification of apple leaf diseases. The proposed method significantly improves precision, recall, and F1-scores across multiple disease classes, demonstrating its robustness and effectiveness compared to traditional techniques.
Neutrosophic Soft Cubic Refined Sets, Anitha Cruz R
Neutrosophic Soft Cubic Refined Sets, Anitha Cruz R
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
This paper presents a novel approach to the Neutrosophic Soft Cubic Re ned Set (NSCRS), which serves as the foundation for combining the theory of soft sets, the already-existing Neutrosophic cubic set, and the Neutrosophic re ned set and Neutrosophic Soft Cubic Set. Further introduced are the internal neutrosophic soft cubic re ned set (INSCRS) and external neutrosophic soft cubic re ned set (ENSCRS), along with their various properties, including P-order, P-union, P-intersection, and R-order, R-union, and R-intersection neu- trosophic soft cubic re ned set.
A Comparison Of Reading Strategies Among Spanish Speaking University Students In Different Programs Of English For Specific Purposes Based On An Indeterminate Likert Scale, Andrea Sofía Ribadeneira Vacacela
A Comparison Of Reading Strategies Among Spanish Speaking University Students In Different Programs Of English For Specific Purposes Based On An Indeterminate Likert Scale, Andrea Sofía Ribadeneira Vacacela
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
This study examines the relationships of reading strategies among different English for Specific Purposes (ESP) programs. Ninety-seven students in four ESP programs in Ecuador were surveyed regarding their reading strategies. The results found that there were not significant differences among the four strategies. These findings were dis-cussed regarding whether differences in reading strategies could potentially influence teaching effectiveness, learning outcomes, and English language applications. The survey was administered to a random sample ob-tained from four Ecuadorian universities for 97 ESP students. For the survey, we applied an Indeterminate Likert Scale. Unlike the classic Likert Scale, the indeterminate variant asks the …
Topological Aspects Of Set-Valued Mappings Defned On Neutrosophic Normed Spaces, Vakeel A. Khan, Mohd Kamran
Topological Aspects Of Set-Valued Mappings Defned On Neutrosophic Normed Spaces, Vakeel A. Khan, Mohd Kamran
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
Samarandache [43] introduced neutrosophoic sets to generalize the theory of fuzzy sets. In this paper we modify the definition of neutrosophic normed space with help of continuous neutrosophic t-representable norm. Then we study the statistical graphical convergence and pointwise convergence of the sequences of setvalued functions defined on modified version of neutrosophic normed space and give some related theorems. We also introduce neutrosophic upper and lower semi continuities of set valued maps to develop the link between these convergences.
Fermatean Fuzzy Α-Homeomorphism In Fermatean Fuzzy Topological Spaces, Revathy Aruchsamy, Inthumathi Velusamy
Fermatean Fuzzy Α-Homeomorphism In Fermatean Fuzzy Topological Spaces, Revathy Aruchsamy, Inthumathi Velusamy
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
A relatively new development in fuzzy set theory, Fermatean fuzzy sets (FFSs) were developed for working with higher-level, uncertain data. They provide an even more robust structure for characterizing degree of membership and degree of non-membership, extending on the notions of Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFSs) and Intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs). There are multiple fields of mathematics and applications that depend extensively on topological generalization of open sets. Topological spaces can be described and analyzed with the aid of homeomorphisms, which provide an empirical way to identify whether two spaces are identical in a topological sense with respect to their essential …
Cubic Spherical Neutrosophic Sets For Advanced Decision-Making, S Gomathi, M. Karpagadevi, S. Krishnaprakash, A. Revathy, Said Broumi
Cubic Spherical Neutrosophic Sets For Advanced Decision-Making, S Gomathi, M. Karpagadevi, S. Krishnaprakash, A. Revathy, Said Broumi
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
In the context of aggregation operators and multiple criteria decision-making, this article presents the idea of cubic spherical neutrosophic sets. The notion of neutrosophic informations are transform into a geometric sphere by determining its center and radius. This advanced geometrical representation extends traditional neutrosophic informations. This study defines and discusses weighted additive and weighted geometric aggregation operators tailored to cubic spherical neutrosophic sets that are vital for handling complex and uncertain information. Practical example, such as evaluating fertilizer brands for coconut farming, illustrate their application in decision-making contexts. By integrating cubic spherical neutrosophic sets into multiple criteria decision-making frameworks, decision …
The Periodicity Of Square Fuzzy Neutrosophic Soft Matricesbased On Minimal Strong Components, Rameshware K, Kavitha M, Murugadass P
The Periodicity Of Square Fuzzy Neutrosophic Soft Matricesbased On Minimal Strong Components, Rameshware K, Kavitha M, Murugadass P
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
In this paper Minimal Strong Component (MSC) of a Fuzzy Neutrosophic Soft Matrix (FNSM) is suggested. By employing the connection of periodicity behaviours of FNSM with its cut matrices, the periodicity of power sequence of FNSMis described. Especially the concepts of MSC is given and the periodicity of a FNSM by its (Theorem-4.10) on the basis of the above results, the greatest value max P li=n = [li] of the periodicity of all SFNSM for a given positive integer n is obtained. So in a case we have clearly resolved the problem of the greatest value of all periodicity FNSM …
N Xb* Gx - Closed Sets In Neutrosophic Topological Spaces, Suthi Keerthana Kumar, Vigneshwaran Mandarasalam, Saied Jafari, Vidyarani Lakshmanadas
N Xb* Gx - Closed Sets In Neutrosophic Topological Spaces, Suthi Keerthana Kumar, Vigneshwaran Mandarasalam, Saied Jafari, Vidyarani Lakshmanadas
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
In neutrosophic topological spaces, the notion of neutrosophic xb* gx -closed sets, neutrosophic xb* gx -border, and neutrosophic xb* gx -frontier are described and their properties are discussed. The con- nection between neutrosophic xb* gx -frontier and neutrosophic xb* gx -border are established
Preflters On Neutrosophic Sets, D. Keerthana, V. Visalakshi, C. Rajapandiyan, Saeid Jafari
Preflters On Neutrosophic Sets, D. Keerthana, V. Visalakshi, C. Rajapandiyan, Saeid Jafari
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
This paper introduces the concept of a prefilter on the collection of neutrosophic sets. The characteristic set and characteristic value of prefilters are introduced and their fundamental properties are explored. The relationships between filters and prefilters are examined, with particular emphasis on how ultrafilters correspond to maximal filters via specific mappings such as iK and wK Additionally, the concept of prime prefilters are defined and their basic properties are studied. The compatibility between filters and prefilters is also discussed.
Neutrosophic Analysis On Internalization Of Higher Education In Indian Perspective, Nivetha Martin, Said Broumi, N. Ramila Gandhi, P. Pandiammal
Neutrosophic Analysis On Internalization Of Higher Education In Indian Perspective, Nivetha Martin, Said Broumi, N. Ramila Gandhi, P. Pandiammal
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
The developing nations of the Asian continent, especially India, are trying to elevate the educational standards by inaugurating the portals of international institutional linkages. Collaboration with foreign universities provides opportunities for the aspiring students to confer degrees from world premier institutions by stationing in their host nation. At the same time, the consequential impacts of the institutional linkages beyond the contours of countries need special attention to investigate on the dimensions of social, economic and culture. This chapter aims to make an intensive study on the challenges and impacts of institutional linkages between Institutions belonging to developing and developed nations. …
On Neutrosophic Crisp G#Α Closed Set Operators, K. Tharani, V. Kokilavani
On Neutrosophic Crisp G#Α Closed Set Operators, K. Tharani, V. Kokilavani
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
The concept of g#α closed set in general topological spaces was first introduced by Muthukumaraswamy K et. al.,. Recently, kokilavani V, Tharani K et. al., introduced neutrosophic crisp g#α closed set in neutrosophic crisp topological space. Now, in this present paper, we introduced and study the neutrosophic crisp topological properties of neutrosophic crisp g#α interior, neutrosophic crisp g#α closure, neutrosophic crisp g#α frontier, neutrosophic crisp g#α border, neutrosophic crisp g#α exterior via the concept of neutrosophic crisp g#α open set.
Study Of The Immunoserological Patterns Of Respiratory Infections In Children Under 15 Years Of Age In The Riobamba Region Based On Refined Neutrosophic Statistics, Lizbeth Geovanna Silva Guayasamín, Christian Andrés Silva Sarabia, Lisbeth Josefina Reales Chacón, Isaac Germán Pérez Vargas, Natalia Eliana Cáceres Cadena, Cesar Lenin Pilamunga Lema, Carlos Antonio Escobar Suárez, María José Terán Bejarano
Study Of The Immunoserological Patterns Of Respiratory Infections In Children Under 15 Years Of Age In The Riobamba Region Based On Refined Neutrosophic Statistics, Lizbeth Geovanna Silva Guayasamín, Christian Andrés Silva Sarabia, Lisbeth Josefina Reales Chacón, Isaac Germán Pérez Vargas, Natalia Eliana Cáceres Cadena, Cesar Lenin Pilamunga Lema, Carlos Antonio Escobar Suárez, María José Terán Bejarano
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is an important cause of consultation in the emergency room and depending on the general condition of the person; it can become complicated and lifethreatening. The general objective of this study is to identify the immunoserology of acute respiratory infections in children under 15 years of age in the city of Riobamba, Ecuador in 2023; it consists of a statistical study in 85 children and adolescents. This research made it possible to identify the presence or absence of acute respiratory infections. The infections found are provoked by viruses, atypical bacteria, or a combination of both pathogens. …
On Supra Neutrosophic Multiset Topological Spaces, S. P. R. Priyalatha, S. Vanitha, R. Sowndariya, S. Deeipthi
On Supra Neutrosophic Multiset Topological Spaces, S. P. R. Priyalatha, S. Vanitha, R. Sowndariya, S. Deeipthi
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
In this article, we present a novel concept of the supra neutrosophic multiset topological space. We describe the behaviour of neutrosophic sets and multiset with in this framework. Additionally, we define the supra neutrosophic open multiset (SNOMS), supra neutrosohic closed multiset (SNCMS), supra neutrosophic interior multiset, and supra neutrosophic closure multiset, and provide examples to illustrate their properties
On Perserving Neutrosophic G-Closed Sets, Archana Kumari Prasad, Samajh Singh Thakur, Saeid Jafari
On Perserving Neutrosophic G-Closed Sets, Archana Kumari Prasad, Samajh Singh Thakur, Saeid Jafari
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
In this paper we extend the concepts of a-closed and a-continuous mappings to neutrosophic topological spaces and obtain several results concerning the preservation of neutrosophic g-closed sets. Further more we characterize neutrosophic T12 -spaces in terms of neutrosophic a-continuous and neutrosophic a-closed mappings and obtain some of the basic properties and characterization of these mappings
Schweizer-Sklar Power Aggregation Operators Based On Complexsingle-Valued Neutrosophic Information Using Smart And Their Application In Green Supply Chain Management, Priyadharshini S, Mohanaselvi S
Schweizer-Sklar Power Aggregation Operators Based On Complexsingle-Valued Neutrosophic Information Using Smart And Their Application In Green Supply Chain Management, Priyadharshini S, Mohanaselvi S
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
A complex single-valued neutrosophic (CSVN) set is a very useful tool to handle the uncertainty, inconsistency, and ambiguity of knowledge in a periodic framework. The Schweizer-Sklar (SS) t-norm (TN) and t-conorm (TCN) enhance the flexibility of a procedure for aggregation depending on its parameters, whereas the power aggregation(PA) operator prevents insufficient impact of excessively high or low arguments on the results. Based on the idea of Schweizer-Sklar power aggregation operators, this paper aims to propose a number of aggregation operators such as complex single-valued neutrosophic Schweizer-Sklar power weighted averaging (CSVNSSPWA), complex single-valued neutrosophic Schweizer-Sklar power ordered weighted averaging (CSVNSSPOWA). Weights …
Spherical Fermatean Neutrosophic Topology, P. Roopadevi, M. Karpagadevi, S. Gomathi, S. Krishnaprakash, Said Broumi
Spherical Fermatean Neutrosophic Topology, P. Roopadevi, M. Karpagadevi, S. Gomathi, S. Krishnaprakash, Said Broumi
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
In this paper, we introduce Spherical Fermatean Neutrosophic Topological Spaces (SFNTS), ex- panding on neutrosophic sets characterized by Degrees of Membership (DoM), Degrees of Indeterminacy (DoI) and Degrees of Non-Membership (DoN). Fermatean neutrosophic sets in a universe satisfy the conditions where the sum of the cubes of the DoM and DoN is between zero and one and the cube of the DoI is between zero and one. The DoM, DoI and DoN are represented accordingly. We de ne a Spherical Fermatean Neutrosophic Set (SFNS) as a set where each element consists of an element in the universe, along with its …