Digital Commons Network^™

Solar Power Plant Location Selection Problem By Using Electre-Iii Method In Pythagorean Neutrosophic Programming Approach (A Case Study On Green Energy In India), Florentin Smarandache, Rajesh Kumar Saini, Ashik Ahirwar Ahirwa

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

India dropped its target of generating 500 GW of renewable energy capacity from non responsibilities to ations Framework Convention on reducing carbon Abstract: India dropped its target of 500 GW of renewable energy capacity fossil fuel sources by 2030. Its responsibilities the United Nations Framework Conven Climate Change [UNFCCC],and reducing radiations by one billion tonnes by the end of the decade at the COP26 conference, held in Glasgow in November 2022.Researchers are continually searching for inexhaustible and reasonable energy sources. Solar energy is one of the greenest sources of energy and is also one of the cleanest. The most important …

Optimal Agricultural Land Use: An Efficient Neutrosophic Linear Programming Method, Maisam Jdid, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The increase in the size of the problems facing humans, their overlap, the division of labor, the multiplicity of departments, as well as the diversity of products and commodities, led to the complexity of business and the emergence of many administrative and production problems. It was necessary to search for appropriate methods to confront these problems. The science of operations research, with its diverse methods, provided the optimal solutions. It addresses many problems and helps in making scientific and thoughtful decisions to carry out the work in the best way within the available capabilities. Operations research is one of the …

Neutrosophic Transport And Assignment Issues, Florentin Smarandache, Maissam Ahmad Jdid

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

We all know that problems of transportation and allocation appear frequently in practical life. We need to transfer materials from production centers to consumption centers to secure the areas’ need for the transported material or allocate machines or people to do a specific job at the lowest cost, or in the shortest time. We know that the cost factors Time is one of the most important factors that decision-makers care about because it plays an “important” role in many of the practical and scientific issues that we face in our daily lives, and we need careful study to enable us …

Neutrosophic Treatment Of The Modified Simplex Algorithm To Find The Optimal Solution For Linear Models, Florentin Smarandache, Maissam Ahmad Jdid

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Science is the basis for managing the affairs of life and human activities, and living without knowledge is a form of wandering and a kind of loss. Using scientific methods helps us understand the foundations of choice, decision-making, and adopting the right solutions when solutions abound and options are numerous. Operational research is considered the best that scientific development has provided because its methods depend on the application of scientific methods in solving complex issues and the optimal use of available resources in various fields, private and governmental work in peace and war, in politics and economics, in planning and …

Chi-Square Test For Imprecise Data In Consistency Table, Muhammad Aslam, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this paper, we propose the introduction of a neutrosophic chi-square-test for consistency, incorporating neutrosophic statistics. Our aim is to modify the existing chi-square -test for consistency in order to analyze imprecise data. We present a novel test statistic for the neutrosophic chi-square -test for consistency, which accounts for the uncertainties inherent in the data. To evaluate the performance of the proposed test, we compare it with the traditional chi-square -test for consistency based on classical statistics. By conducting a comparative analysis, we assess the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed neutrosophic chi-square-test for consistency. Furthermore, we illustrate the application …

Development Of Some New Hybrid Structures Of Hypersoft Set With Possibility-Degree Settings, Atiqe Ur Ur Rahman, Florentin Smarandache, Muhammad Saeed, Khuram Ali Khan

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The concept of a hypersoft membership function is introduced in the extension of a soft set known as a hypersoft set, permitting it to handle complicated and uncertain information in a more powerful and flexible manner. Many academics have already become fascinated with this new area of study, leading to the development of a number of hybrid structures. This chapter develops some new hybrid hypersoft set structures by taking into account multiple fuzzy set-like settings and possibility degree-based settings collectively. Additionally, numerical examples are included to clarify the concept of these structures. Researchers can utilize this work to better understand …

Advances And Applications Of Dsmt For Information Fusion. Collected Works, Volume 5, Florentin Smarandache, Jean Dezert, Albena Tchamova

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This fifth volume on Advances and Applications of DSmT for Information Fusion collects theoretical and applied contributions of researchers working in different fields of applications and in mathematics, and is available in open-access. The collected contributions of this volume have either been published or presented after disseminating the fourth volume in 2015 (available at fs.unm.edu/DSmT-book4.pdf or www.onera.fr/sites/default/files/297/2015-DSmT-Book4.pdf) in international conferences, seminars, workshops and journals, or they are new. The contributions of each part of this volume are chronologically ordered.

First Part of this book presents some theoretical advances on DSmT, dealing mainly with modified Proportional Conflict Redistribution Rules (PCR) of …

Approach To The Personnel Selection Process In A Group Decision-Making Environment Based On The Psi Method, Maja Stanujkic, Gabrijela Popovic, Dragisa Stanujkic, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The selection of adequate personnel is significant for the successful operation of companies. Therefore, this article observed the application of the Preference Selection Index (PSI) method for evaluating personnel in the conditions of group decision-making. The PSI method was chosen because it does not require determining the weights of the criteria, which is why it can be suitable for application by HR managers unfamiliar with the application of multiple criteria decision-making methods.

Beyond Negation And Excluded Middle: An Exploration To Embrace The Otherness Beyond Classical Logic System And Into Neutrosophic Logic, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

As part of our small contribution in dialogue toward better peace development and reconciliation studies, and following Toffler & Toffler’s War and Antiwar (1993), the present article delves into a realm of logic beyond the traditional confines of negation and the excluded middle principle, exploring the nuances of "Otherness" that transcend classical and Nagatomo logics. Departing from the foundational premises of classical Aristotelian logic systems, this exploration ventures into alternative realms of reasoning, specifically examining Neutrosophic Logic and Klein bottle logic (cf. Smarandache, 2005). The study challenges conventional boundaries and explores the implications of embracing paradoxes and self-reference in logic …

On Characterizing Efficient And Properly Efficient Solutions For Multi- Objective Programming Problems In A Complex Space, Alhanouf Alburaikan, Hamiden Abd El-Wahed Khalifa, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this paper, a complex non- linear programming problem with the two parts (real and imaginary) is considered. The efficient and proper efficient solutions in terms of optimal solutions of related appropriate scalar optimization problems are characterized. Also, the Kuhn-Tuckers' conditions for efficiency and proper efficiency are derived. This paper is divided into two independently parts: The first provides the relationships between the optimal solutions of a complex single-objective optimization problem and solutions of two related real programming problems. The second part is concerned with the theory of a multi-objective optimization in complex space.

Expanding The Dimensionality Of Team Deviance: An Organizing Framework And Review, Trevor Spoelma, Tamanna Chauhan

Faculty and Staff Publications

Although team deviance is known to detract from team functioning, extant literature largely focuses on deviance that is independently enacted and directed internally toward other members. This relatively narrow focus poses limitations to the practical application of strategies to reduce the incidence and negative impact of team deviance. We offer a four-dimensional typology that takes into account features of team deviance that are important yet undertheorized: level of coordination and target membership. We use this typology to summarize current research, highlight the narratives on team deviance that underlie each dimension, and discuss how to advance the research domain.

2023 Update: A Water Rights Manual For Mutual Domestic Water Consumers Associations, Utton Center, Zackeriah Carpenter, Gregory Chakalian, Darcy S. Bushnell

Publications

This is the 2023 update of the Water Rights Manual. The archival version is also available in our digital repository. 

The Utton Center prepared this Water Rights Manual to assist Mutual Domestic Water Consumers Associations (MDWCAs) with the development, protection and management of their water rights.

This manual provides an introduction to and defines Water Rights in New Mexico, as well as to acquire and have recognized Water Rights. This document also covers water management and planning, and provides additional resources.

Investigating The Potential Effect Of Pollinators On The Alpine Plant Diversity Of The Southern Rocky Mountains: A Community Phylogenetic Approach, Jeremiah Westerman

2024 Award Winners

No abstract provided.

Challenges To Building Black Generational Wellness To Foster Growth Within Black Populations: A Research Proposal, Lillian Quinn Walker

2024 Award Winners

No abstract provided.

Planned Adaptation And Implementation Of The Community Guide Recommendations For Increasing Physical Activity In Rural Community Settings: A Qualitative Study, Julia Meredith Hess, Sally M. Davis

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this paper is to report on the implementation of an evidence-based model, VIVA, which was developed to translate physical activity (PA) recommendations to rural environments and was scaled-up to 12 rural communities across New Mexico. Our longitudinal qualitative research describes processes of planned adaptation in the rural context with an exploration of inner and outer context adaptations that consider important implementation constructs including leadership, partnership and collaboration.

MATERIALS & METHODS: An enhanced version of the RE-AIM framework was used to formulate community-level engagement and process questions essential to implementation science. Qualitative methods, using a thematic approach …

Researching Covid To Enhance Recovery (Recover) Adult Study Protocol: Rationale, Objectives, And Design, Leora I Horwitz, Tanayott Thaweethai, Shari B Brosnahan, Mine S Cicek, Megan L Fitzgerald, Jason D Goldman, Rachel Hess, S L Hodder, Vanessa L Jacoby, Michael R Jordan, Jerry A Krishnan, Adeyinka O Laiyemo, Torri D Metz, Lauren Nichols, Rachel E Patzer, Anisha Sekar, Nora G Singer, Lauren E Stiles, Barbara S Taylor, Shifa Ahmed, Heather A Algren, Khamal Anglin, Lisa Aponte-Soto, Hassan Ashktorab, Ingrid V Bassett, Brahmchetna Bedi, Nahid Bhadelia, Christian Bime, Marie-Abele C Bind, Lora J Black, Andra L Blomkalns, Hassan Brim, Mario Castro, James Chan, Alexander W Charney, Benjamin K Chen, Li Qing Chen, Peter Chen, David Chestek, Lori B Chibnik, Dominic C Chow, Helen Y Chu, Rebecca G Clifton, Shelby Collins, Maged M Costantine, Sushma K Cribbs, Steven G Deeks, John D Dickinson, Sarah E Donohue, Matthew S Durstenfeld, Ivette F Emery, Kristine M Erlandson, Julio C Facelli, Rachael Farah-Abraham, Aloke V Finn, Melinda S Fischer, Valerie J Flaherman, Judes Fleurimont, Vivian Fonseca, Emily J Gallagher, Jennifer C Gander, Maria Laura Gennaro, Kelly S Gibson, Minjoung Go, Steven N Goodman, Joey P Granger, Frank L Greenway, John W Hafner, Jenny E Han, Michelle S Harkins, Kristine S P Hauser, James R Heath, Carla R Hernandez, On Ho, Matthew K Hoffman, Susan E Hoover, Carol R Horowitz, Harvey Hsu, Priscilla Y Hsue, Brenna L Hughes, Prasanna Jagannathan, Judith A James, Janice John, Sarah Jolley, S E Judd, Joy J Juskowich, Diane G Kanjilal, Elizabeth W Karlson, Stuart D Katz, J Daniel Kelly, Sara W Kelly, Arthur Y Kim, John P Kirwan, Kenneth S Knox, Andre Kumar, Michelle F Lamendola-Essel, Margaret Lanca, Joyce K Lee-Lannotti, R Craig Lefebvre, Bruce D Levy, Janet Y Lin, Brian P Logarbo, Jennifer K Logue, Michele T Longo, Carlos A Luciano, Karen Lutrick, Shahdi K Malakooti, Gail Mallett, Gabrielle Maranga, Jai G Marathe, Vincent C Marconi, Gailen D Marshall, Christopher F Martin, Jeffrey N Martin, Heidi T May, Grace A Mccomsey, Dylan Mcdonald, Hector Mendez-Figueroa, Lucio Miele, Murray A Mittleman, Sindhu Mohandas, Christian Mouchati, Janet M Mullington, Girish N Nadkarni, Erica R Nahin, Robert B Neuman, Lisa T Newman, Amber Nguyen, Janko Z Nikolich, Igho Ofotokun, Princess U Ogbogu, Anna Palatnik, Kristy T S Palomares, Tanyalak Parimon, Samuel Parry, Sairam Parthasarathy, Thomas F Patterson, Ann Pearman, Michael J Peluso, Priscilla Pemu, Christian M Pettker, Beth A Plunkett, Kristen Pogreba-Brown, Athena Poppas, J Zachary Porterfield, John G Quigley, Davin K Quinn, Hengameh Raissy, Candida J Rebello, Uma M Reddy, Rebecca Reece, Harrison T Reeder, Franz P Rischard, Johana M Rosas, Clifford J Rosen, Nadine G Rouphael, Dwight J Rouse, Adam M Ruff, Christina Saint Jean, Grecio J Sandoval, Jorge L Santana, Shannon M Schlater, Frank C Sciurba, Caitlin Selvaggi, Sudha Seshadri, Howard D Sesso, Dimpy P Shah, Eyal Shemesh, Zaki A Sherif, Daniel J Shinnick, Hyagriv N Simhan, Upinder Singh, Amber Sowles, Vignesh Subbian, Jun Sun, Mehul S Suthar, Larissa J Teunis, John M Thorp, Amberly Ticotsky, Alan T N Tita, Robin Tragus, Katherine R Tuttle, Alfredo E Urdaneta, P J Utz, Timothy M Vanwagoner, Andrew Vasey, Suzanne D Vernon, Crystal Vidal, Tiffany Walker, Honorine D Ward, David E Warren, Ryan M Weeks, Steven J Weiner, Jordan C Weyer, Jennifer L Wheeler, Sidney W Whiteheart, Zanthia Wiley, Natasha J Williams, Juan P Wisnivesky, John C Wood, Lynn M Yee, Natalie M Young, Sokratis N Zisis, Andrea S Foulkes

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

IMPORTANCE: SARS-CoV-2 infection can result in ongoing, relapsing, or new symptoms or other health effects after the acute phase of infection; termed post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), or long COVID. The characteristics, prevalence, trajectory and mechanisms of PASC are ill-defined. The objectives of the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Multi-site Observational Study of PASC in Adults (RECOVER-Adult) are to: (1) characterize PASC prevalence; (2) characterize the symptoms, organ dysfunction, natural history, and distinct phenotypes of PASC; (3) identify demographic, social and clinical risk factors for PASC onset and recovery; and (4) define the biological mechanisms underlying PASC pathogenesis. …

(Some) Land Back…Sort Of: The Transfer Of Federal Public Lands To Indian Tribes Since 1970, Audrey Glendenning, Martin Nie, Prof. Monte Mills

Natural Resources Journal

Federal public lands in the United States were carved from the territories of Native Nations and, in nearly every instance, required that the United States extinguish pre-existing aboriginal title. Following acquisition of these lands, the federal government pursued various strategies for them, including disposal to states and private parties, managing lands to allow for multiple uses, and conservation or protection. After over a century of such varied approaches, the modern public landscape is a complex milieu of public and private interests, laws and policies, and patchwork ownership patterns. This complexity depends on—and begins with—the history of Indigenous dispossession but subsequent …

Pathways To Sustainability: Industry, Development, Business, Agriculture, Economy, And Politics, Andreas Hernandez, Pablo Arias-Benavides, Dayana C.M. Machada, Ousmane Pame, Alice Main, Per Moller

Geography and Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

In this chapter we examine six compelling on-the-ground experiences, which are demonstrating pathways to sustainability, resilience and regeneration. Each case opens a pathway to sustainability in a key sphere of human activity: industry, development, business, agriculture, economy and politics. These experiences are creating new social imaginaries embodied in the practical forms of new politics and economics aimed at profound democratizations of human life, and towards a creative realignment of humans with the rest of the web of life. These social imaginaries are both open and encompassing. They are open in the sense that they can be filled with new possibilities …

Unm Pathology Pathfinder Winter 2023, Unm Department Of Pathology

Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Autonomous Decision-Making In Interdependent Computing Systems Based On Artificial Intelligence, Georgios Fragkos

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

With the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the notion of autonomy, in terms of acting and thinking based on personal experience and judgment, has paved the way towards an autonomous decision-making future. This future can address the complex domain of the interdependent computing systems, whose main challenge is that they interact with each other with unpredictable and often unstable outcomes. It is crucial to envision and design this AI-driven autonomy for the reciprocal computing systems which cover a variety of use-cases ranging from the Internet of Things (IoT) to cybersecurity. This can be achieved by cloning the human decision-making process, …

Heat Stressed Exercise Elicits Shifts In Cooling Strategies Across Body Mass In Tropical Songbirds, Kristen Dee Oliver

Biology ETDs

In resting animals, water use positively correlates with metabolic rate, for example smaller animals using proportionally more water per gram of body mass. However, animals also must endure heat and exertion, and evaporative cooling requires additional water use that may not scale similarly with body size. How evaporative water loss allometrically scales with body mass during heat-stressed exercise is poorly resolved, particularly for birds, yet is critically important for understanding the consequences of climate warming on the fitness of bird populations. Here, we evaluated how air temperature (T_a) influenced evaporative water loss during exercise (EWL_exercise) across …

Acquired And Useful Abilities: Three Essays On Human Capital Development, Rajan Bishwakarma

Economics ETDs

While early childhood circumstances influence the accumulation of skills and abilities, parental and policy responses can magnify or mitigate the effects of childhood circumstances. This work explores the two ideas mentioned above.

Chapter 1 briefs the historical and philosophical roots of the study of human capital and discusses the economic approach to the understanding of child wellbeing before the age of five. Because childhood circumstances influence the accumulation of skills, Chapter 2 estimates the impact of temperature shock during pregnancy on early childhood health. Evidence from Nepal shows that prenatal exposure to high-temperature days impedes child growth; however, the damage …

Formation And Interrogation Of A Modeling Excel Database For Sorbent Preconcentrate With Gc/Ms, Lisa Caravello

Chemical and Biological Engineering ETDs

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are of great interest and the subject of much research, as they can be used in various applications. Preconcentrating this class of analytes is necessary as they can be elusive with simple sampling techniques. VOCs are often captured using sorbents in thermal desorption tubes as preconcentrates prior to analysis, commonly gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GCMS). There are gaps in knowledge in behavior of materials used as sorbents i.e., if they will retain an analyte of interest appropriately. In this research I seek to eliminate speculation and unknown variables of analyte and sorbent combinations by creating a …

Void-Semiconductor Gaas Photonic Crystal Surface-Emitting Lasers By Epitaxial Regrowth And Single-Epitaxy Methods, Kevin James Reilly

Nanoscience and Microsystems ETDs

Monolithic semiconductor lasers including edge-emitting lasers (EELs) and vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) fail to realize simultaneous achievement of both high-power high-quality beams due to intrinsic limitations of their resonant cavity. Photonic crystal surface emitting lasers (PCSELs) address these structural limitations through employment of a two-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) cavity that creates feedback at a single wavelength for laterally scalable devices. This function of the PC allows PCSELs to power scale with area while maintaining single-mode emission required for diffraction-limited beams. In this way, PCSELs fulfill an industry demand for high-power high-quality lasing from a single chip.

Early PCSELs were fabricated …

A Horn Microstrip Transmission Line For The Characterization And Investigation Of Multipactor At Various Pressure And Power, Shaho Hamadamin

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

The University of New Mexico is designing, building, and testing a multipactor testbed based on a horn-microstrip transmission line to characterize and investigate the multipactor effect for a range of vacuum pressures and power. A horn-shaped, 50 Ω Al microstrip line is positioned inside a six-way cross stainless-steel chamber that is vacuumed down to low ~10−7 torr. A 100 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 sine signal is fed to a rf amplifier with a bandwidth of 250 − 105 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀, that can reach 120𝑊𝑊 average (CW) power. Two multipacting detection methods, i.e., global, and local methods, are implemented for accurate multipaction detection. The former …

Protection And Control Of Electric Power Grid Under High Penetration Of Ders, Binod Prasad Poudel

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Modernizing power grids with communication-based technologies has introduced new challenges to the operation of the grid, especially when the communication network experiences failure or data is corrupted during the transfer. This issue is studied in this dissertation from the control and protection perspective. First, the cyber attack detection and mitigation of distributed control of microgrids is addressed when the distributed energy resources (DER) are exposed to false data injection attacks. A cyber-threat detection technique is proposed based on Kullback-Liebler divergence-based criterion. This criterion with a threshold can detect the misbehavior of a compromised DER control unit and, consequently, calculates the …

On The Effects Of Geometrical And Fluid Conditions On Thermal-Hydraulics Of Miniature Heat Sinks, Mahyar Pourghasemi

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

During the past three years, miniature heat sinks have been integrated into the cooling loop of devices such as MW-class gyrotron resonators and high-power laser arrays. These applications involve high cooling rates in the range of 20-25 MW/m². Liquid metals such as Na and NaK offer very high thermal conductivity in the range of 16-79 W/mK, while their dynamic viscosities are only slightly higher than water viscosity. They can also be used in applications with operating temperatures varying from 25 ^oC to as high as 800 ^oC due to their very high boiling points. Several research …

Cyber-Secure Distributed Control Of Microgrids With Improved Communication And Control Protocols, Jee Won Choi

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

This dissertation proposes a cyber-secure distributed control of microgrids with improved communication and control protocols. The finite-time event-triggered control protocol for islanded AC and DC secondary control is introduced. For AC microgrids, the proposed strategy can effectively perform frequency restoration and voltage regulations while sharing the active and reactive power among the distributed generators (DGs) based on their power ratings. For DC microgrids, the proposed control protocol can provide accurate current sharing and critical bus voltage regulation. The finite-time control enables a system to reach a consensus in a finite period of time enhanced from asymptotic convergence. The event-triggered communication …

Spatial Single-Cell Identification Of Cell Layers Within Mouse Brain Using A Novel Spatially Resolved Transcriptomics Technology, Radha Swaminathan

Biomedical Engineering ETDs

Spatially resolved transcriptomics technologies investigate gene expression in the context of a tissue. While imaging-based technologies enable gene expression quantification at a single-cell level, only two NGS-based technologies are currently capable of single-cell resolution. Both Stereo-seq and Seq-Scope involve two rounds of sequencing: one to sequence the location of spatial barcodes and the other to obtain sequence of cDNA. Thus, the objective of the research study is to develop a technology that can capture transcripts from every cell of a tissue without the need for two rounds of sequencing. To this end, a capture surface or barcoded array (similar to …

Towards Robust Channel Dynamics: Photoionization In Nitrogen And Air, Justin K. Smith

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

In present photoionization models used in computational studies, there is a lack of experimental data and several assumptions pertaining to photo-electron production in the gas. It is widely accepted that wavelengths between 98 nm and 102.5 nm are the primary contributors to photoionization of oxygen in an air plasma. In air, the collisional kinetics of nitrogen provide the photons, which results in the ionization of oxygen. Photoionization rate measurements from a low current corona discharge in synthetic air mixtures are reported to provide new empirical data. In addition, this provides a method to estimate the scaling parameter w/a. Concurrently, vacuum …