Digital Commons Network^™

The Role Of Elevation In The Migration, Physiology, And Genomic Diversification Of Birds, Jessie L. Williamson

Biology ETDs

Elevational gradients cause profound eco-climatic variation across short distances. Partial pressure of oxygen (PO₂) is a severe challenge that organisms face at high elevations; due partly to specialization on PO₂, most Neotropical bird species have narrow elevational ranges. However, a small fraction are elevational generalists that span sea level to high elevations, and a subset undertake extreme migratory journeys from low to high elevations biannually. My dissertation combines diverse approaches across levels of biological organization to understand how elevation impacts the ecology, evolution, physiology, and migration of montane birds. I examined ‘extreme’ elevational …

Diagnosing Liposarcoma On (Peri)-Renal Mass Biopsy: A Clinicopathological Study Of 30 Cases, Susan K. Potterveld, Aysha Mubeen, William J. Anderson, Michael R. Clay, Melanie Bourgeau, Gregory W. Charville, Ankur R. Sangoi

Pathology Research and Scholarship

AIMS: Classification of renal neoplasms on small tissue biopsies is in increasing demand, and maintaining broad differential diagnostic considerations in this setting is necessary. When evaluating a renal or perirenal tumour biopsy with sarcomatoid morphology, together with sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma and sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma as top diagnostic considerations, it is vital to additionally consider the possibility of well-differentiated and de-differentiated liposarcoma.

METHODS AND RESULTS: This study reports a series of 30 biopsy samples from sites in or around the kidney collected from four institutions in which the correct diagnosis was either well-differentiated or de-differentiated liposarcoma. The majority (26 of …

Teachers’ Self-Reported Practices Of Teaching Academic Writing In Pakistani Universities, Hafiz Yar

Language, Literacy, and Sociocultural Studies ETDs

This study has explored teachers’ self-reported practices of teaching academic writing in Pakistani universities. The English language based developmental literacy courses in Pakistani undergraduate degrees are offered as part of the curricula rather than through specialized language centers. The three-course progression of developmental English literacy in Pakistani undergraduate curricula aims to develop academic writing proficiency besides effective business communication and technical report writing skills.

This study has used generic qualitative research methodology (Caelli et al., 2003; Kahlke, 2014; Kostere & Kostere, 2021), snowball sampling for participant recruitment, and a combination of survey and one-to-one semi structured interviews for data collection. …

Engineered Nucleic-Acid Binding Intrinsically Disordered Proteins For Biomedical Applications, Telmo Diez Perez

Biomedical Engineering ETDs

This dissertation explores the use of intrinsically disorder proteins (IDPs) in biomedical applications related to the detection and biosensing of nucleic-acid species. We engineer several low critical solution temperature (LCST) nucleic-acid binding elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) as model IDPs and study their potential in biomedical application via interactions with short single-stranded (ss) DNA, tRNA and viral RNAs. First, we engineer a simple polycationic ELP capable of recruiting DNA on demand in a DNA-protein-rich condensate via LLPS. Moreover, we develop a modified Flory-Huggins theory to quantify the partitioning of DNA and protein upon coacervate formation with and without salts. We then design …

Crowdstrike Cyber Incident Vs. Past Major Cyber Incidents: Analysis And Solutions, Priyant Banerjee

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

On July 19, 2024, a technical malfunction in CrowdStrike’s Falcon sensor software led to a global ITdisruption, affecting millions of devices across multiple sectors. This incident, although not a direct cyber-attack, caused significant operational upheavals reminiscent of major past cyber incidents. This paperexplores the CrowdStrike incident in detail, compares it with previous major cyber events, and proposescomprehensive solutions to mitigate such risks in the future.The faulty update from CrowdStrike resulted in widespread system crashes, notably the "Blue Screen ofDeath," paralyzing operations in critical sectors such as healthcare, finance, and transportation. The paperexamines the immediate and cascading effects of the incident, …

08-08-24 Hsc Committee Meeting Agenda, Helen Maestass

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

Agenda for August 8, 2024, Board of Regents Health Sciences Center Committee Meeting

Utilizing New Temporal Complex Neutrosophic Aczel-Alsina Aggregation Operators For Multi-Criteria Decision Making: An Application To Tourist Destination Selection, Le Mai Trang, Nguyen Tho Thong, Nguyen Thi Lan Nhi

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The Temporal Complex Neutrosophic Set (TCNS) is a powerful extension of the Neutrosophic theory, and TCNS has added advantage to represents uncertain, indeterminate, inconsistent and time related factors. In the literature TCNS has been used for multi-criteria decision-making problems, especially in the time-aware systems. In order to tackle effectively decision-making problems in the TCNS environment effectively, it is crucial to make suite aggregation operators that enable decision makers to process preferences in a nuanced manner. In this paper, we introduce novel TCNS aggregation operators based on Aczel and Alsina t-norm and t-conorm using Aczel-Alsina operations, and we propose a multi-criteria …

New Neutrosophic Sentiment Analysis Method Based On Neutroalgebra For The Evaluation Of Ethics In Companies, Lilia Esther Valencia Cruzaty, Adriana Mercedes Ruiz Reynoso, Blanca Estela Hernández Boni-Lla

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Ethics is a discipline that has broken the limits of its field of study, which is related to having the right behavior towards other people, but also to respect nature and life. This has been extended to the accounting and organizational management of companies. This paper proposes a sentiment analysis method based on the NeutroGroup obtained from offuninorms defined by the combining functions in Prospector. The advantage of the proposed method is that in addition to "like" and "dislike", we obtain a result of indeterminacy that can be due either to neutrality or to a contradiction in the short informal …

Analyzing Interdisciplinary Education In General Medicine Using Smarandache's Multivalued Logic Hypothesis Theory And Plithogenic Probability, Dolores Hernandez De La Cantera, Rosangela Caicedo Quiroz, Mairim Lago Queija, Jeanntte Rodriguez Gonzalez, Maikel Y. Leyva Vazquez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Smarandache extended the concept of falsifiability to include hypotheses that involve multiple values. Smarandache's extension of classical logic introduces Partial Falsifiability within multi-valued logic, which allows for the inclusion of partial truth values, uncertainties, and false values, unlike traditional falsifiability which only classifies hypotheses as completely true or false. Using this approach this study investigates specifically the concept of interdisciplinarity in the field of integral general medicine, with a specific emphasis on the integration of nursing procedures. The method employs sentiment analysis of scientific questions using the Consensus tool and plithogenic statistics to assess complex hypotheses. The findings indicate that …

Assessment Of Three Strategies For Teaching An Ai Literacy Program, Based On A Neutrosophic 2-Tuple Linguistic Mod-El Hybridized With The Aras Method, Víctor Gustavo Gómez-Rodríguez, Raidell Avello-Martínez, Tomasz Gajderowicz, Noemí Bá-Rbara Delgado Álvarez, Johanna Irene Escobar Jara, Noel Batista Hernández, Segress García Hevia, Daniel D. Iturburu Salvador

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study analyzes some general Artificial Intelligence competency frameworks, aimed at teachers, and it proposes a comprehensive Artificial Intelligence literacy training program, designed to develop in university teachers the necessary skills to integrate Artificial Intelligence into their curricula and research. Through a mixed theoretical-practical approach, the program addresses the gaps identified in the existing literature. The program covers the foundations of Artificial Intelligence to its specific application in teaching, highlighting ethical aspects, critical thinking, and its integration into pedagogy. Based on frameworks such as DigiComEdu, the program is presented as a strategic response to empower teachers, ensuring their preparation to …

Neutrosophic Sets And Systems, Vol. 70,2024, Florentin Smarandache, Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Said Broumi

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

the whole volume

Periodic Information Leakage Fault Detection On A Risc-V Microprocessor, Idris Somoye

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

The execution behavior of a Microprocessor (μP) in the presence of a fault is difficult to predict because of the complex interactions across pipeline stages and between functional units within the architecture. Fault effects are known to not introduce any type of anomaly in the input-output behavior for 10s of thousands to millions of clock cycles. These characteristics increase the difficulty of evaluating μP architectures for resilience to information leakage events, i.e., scenarios where a fault causes sensitive data such as an encryption key to be inadvertently diverted to a primary output channel. This dissertation explores two promising strategies for …

Excited State Processes In Radical Elaborated Platinum Donor-Acceptor Complexes, Sangita Paudel

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

Organo-transition metal complexes are being widely studied to understand their photophysical properties for their wide range of applications as efficient emitters in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), light emitting electrochemical cells (LEECs), etc. Cyclometalated organo-transition metal complexes such as cyclometalated square planar platinum(II) complexes are becoming suitable candidates for such applications because of their highly efficient luminescence. Understanding the excited properties of such complexes is useful in designing highly efficient and color tunable phosphors with desired excited state lifetimes. We aim to explore the influence of radical substituents on electronic structure, luminescence quantum efficiencies, and excited state lifetimes by synthesizing …

Assessing Consequences And Relevant Thresholds Of Seismic Events In Puerto Rico To Aid The Future Creation Of Consequence-Driven Scenarios, Yahaira D. Alvarez-Gandia

Geography ETDs

Puerto Rico frequently experiences damaging earthquakes due to its location on the northeastern margin of the Caribbean Plate. Its unique combination of factors, including high population, informal construction practices, and environmental risks, such as tsunamis or landslides, create a heightened risk of loss of life and property. Within this context, earthquake scenarios are vital communication, mitigation, and preparedness tools. They provide the opportunity to think critically about possible alternatives to reduce the risks and impacts of these unpredictable events. As an initial step for integrated earthquake scenario development, this study uses semi-structured interviews and the analysis of government reports to …

Secondary Electron Yield Of Metals, Alloys, And Metal Oxides From First Principles Based Monte Carlo Simulations, Raul E. Gutierrez

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Density Functional Theory (DFT) based Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the Sec-
ondary Electron Yield (SEY) of metals, alloys, and metal oxides are performed to
find material properties that could help reduce or influence the multipactor effect.
In order to accurately model the SEY of materials, knowledge of the frequency- and
momentum-dependent Energy Loss Function (qDepELF) is required. The qDepELF
is difficult to determine from experiment; however, it can be calculated from first
principles. The DFT-MC approach for simulating the secondary electron genera-
tion, propagation, and emission processes is described herein. Material properties,
which are calculated using DFT and used …

Labor Market Penalties For Foreign Degrees Among College Educated Immigrants: Update Using 2018 Data, Eunice T. Ajibade

Economics ETDs

This paper revisits the questions posed by Arbeit and Warren in their 2013 study, "Labor market penalties for foreign degrees among college-educated immigrants," using updated data from the 2018 National Survey of College Graduates (NSCG). The original study, which analyzed data from 2003, focused on the economic and employment disadvantages faced by immigrants with degrees from foreign institutions in an increasingly globalized workforce. This updated analysis includes data on 21,071 college-educated immigrants to explore whether the geographic origin of an academic degree continues to influence access to high-quality employment opportunities and whether such impacts differ by gender. My findings reveal …

Fabrication And Characterization Of A Monolithic Photonic Integrated Circuit With High-Aspect Ratio Photonic Device Structures, Sami A. Nazib

Optical Science and Engineering ETDs

The focus of this work was to create a process to fabricate an InP-based Photonic Integrated Circuit (PIC). The design of the PIC required the photonic components of this device to be created by deep etching of an epitaxially-grown multilayer structure. Therefore, a novel dry etching process was developed to produce very high aspect- ratio (HAR) features. This process not only involved the development of dry etch chemistry but also the engineering of a metal mask structure. The next step of the challenge was to use a polymer-based material that would have two functions: cladding for the etched photonic components …

Visualization Of Species Tree Likelihood Under The Multispecies Coalescent Model, Jaimasan Sutton

Mathematics & Statistics ETDs

A commonly used tool for evolutionary biologists is a phylogenetic tree that represents the ancestry of a set of species and the evolution of traits. Statistical models can be used to predict the probabilities of gene trees which represent ancestral relationships of genes sampled from species. Because of this, we are able to represent the likelihood of a species tree, which represents the evolutionary history of a set of species, as a function of the counts of gene tree topologies, where each gene tree represents the ancestry of a specific genetic locus for multiple species. Because we can represent these …

Connecting Climate And Geography With Diversification And Conservation Of A Western North American Endemic Mammal, Sorex Monticola, Antonia Androski

Biology ETDs

Repeated glacial cycles of the Pleistocene initiated complex sequences of divergence and secondary contact with gene flow for many North American species. In my first chapter, I expand our understanding of the phylogeography of the montane shrew, Sorex monticola, with range-wide genetic sampling and geospatial analyses to reconstruct the history of clades within this species and test whether evolutionarily divergent clades occupy distinct abiotic niches. In my second chapter, I build upon these hypotheses, providing the first estimates of evolutionary relationships and timing of diversification based on genome-wide markers. In my third chapter, I use a systematic review of the …

Mixed Potential Sensor For Natural Gas Leak Detection Design, Manufacturing, And Simulation, Sleight Halley

Chemical and Biological Engineering ETDs

There is a need for a low-cost robust sensor accurately detecting leaks from oil and gas infrastructure. This work presents the development of an electrochemical sensor based on an yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte with La_0.87Sr_0.13CrO₃, Indium Tin Oxide (In₂O₃ 90 wt%, SnO₂ 10 wt%), Au, Pt electrodes. Selectivity to target gasses of the three sensing electrodes in conjunction with machine learning allows for the accurate discrimination between possible methane sources as well as the quantification of methane concentration. Sensor sensitivity is improved through a low-ionic conductivity substrate of magnesia …

Validating Reward And Relief Drinking Phenotypes: A Multimethod Assessment, Victoria R. Votaw

Psychology ETDs

Recent work has examined the extent to which individuals seek alcohol to enhance positive experiences (reward drinking) or relieve aversive states (relief drinking). Although reward/relief drinking subgroups moderate response to two medications for alcohol use disorder (AUD), naltrexone and acamprosate, limitations of reward/relief drinking measures could hinder efforts to translate findings to clinical practice. This dissertation project aimed to validate a brief, practical measure of reward/relief drinking, the Reward and Relief Inventory of Drinking Situations (RR-IDS). Among 426 participants with AUD enrolled in a clinical trial of naltrexone and acamprosate (Study 1), we identified RR-IDS items free of bias across …

Substance Use Patterns Among Muslim American Young Adults: A Mixed Methods Design Assessing Risk And Protective Factors, Donia Hijaz

Psychology ETDs

Muslim Americans are underrepresented in the addictions literature. This mixed methods study sought to examine the frequency of substance use, and identify risk/protective factors of at-risk substance use. Young adults (N = 289; M_age = 22.68, SD = 3.42; 50.9% male) from around the U.S. who identified as Muslim American or from a Muslim background completed a survey. Given that several measures had not been validated with Muslim American samples, open-ended questions were included at the end of those measures. Findings revealed low rates of lifetime substance use in the current sample, preventing any quantitative analyses surrounding risk …

Verlorene Heimat, Gefundene Leere - Michael Hanekes Trilogie Der Emotionalen Vergletscherung Und Die Nicht-Orte Des Alltags, Amber Lane

Foreign Languages & Literatures ETDs

This work examines the incorporation of the concept of non-place in Michael Haneke's Trilogy of Emotional Glaciation (1989-1994) and its connection to elements of the Heimatfilm. The trilogy introduces the concept of non-place in urban or domestic settings while exploring the decay of human relationships and societal alienation. Despite individual stories, the films share a dark atmosphere and question human existence in an alienated world. Haneke's unique film style, characterized by long takes and minimalist aesthetics, is used to examine human behavior with emotional distance. This work sheds light on Haneke's contribution to the Austrian film tradition and contributes to …

Geospatial Analysis Of Environmental, Tick, And Host Interactions With Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever In The Southwestern United States, Al Ekram Elahee Hridoy

Geography ETDs

This study examines the spatiotemporal distribution and determinants of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) incidence in Arizona from 2006 to 2021. Utilizing climate variables, land cover types, and socio-economic indicators, we employed Negative Binomial Regression, Spatial autocorrelation, and Random Forest-based classification to identify key predictors and patterns of RMSF spread. Results indicate positive correlations between RMSF incidence and precipitation and shrub cover, while veterinary access, forest cover, and relative humidity show negative associations. Spatial analysis revealed significant case clustering, with limited veterinary access associated with higher RMSF incidence. A Random Forest-based predictive model was developed to identify potential tick-host interactions, …

Adaptive Immune Profiling Of Sin Nombre Hantavirus And Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection, Tonilynn M. Baranowski

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Hantaviruses are causative agents of potentially fatal respiratory illness and/or organ failure in humans worldwide. In the United States, the predominant hantavirus species, Sin Nombre hantavirus (SNV), causes a severe disease pathology, called hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). Infection with SNV and subsequent clinical manifestations of HCPS lends itself to case fatality rates approaching 40%, even under supportive care. This is partially due to the lack of FDA-approved vaccines and antivirals, in addition to a deficit in our knowledge regarding the human immune response to SNV. Further investigation of the adaptive immune response may reveal key targets to mediate disease outcome. …

The Feasibility Of An Acute Bout Of High Intensity Interval Vs Continuous Moderate-Intensity Exercise On Cognition In Chronic Stroke Patients, Anna M. Welch, Marissa Ramirez, Christine Mermier, Flavio De Castro Magalhaes, Jessia D. Richardson, Alyssa Bailly, Terence Moriarty

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the feasibility of chronic stroke patients safely completing an acute 30-minute session of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) compared to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (MIE) on a treadmill, with a focus on cognitive outcomes. Design: This feasibility study utilized a randomized controlled crossover trial with two experimental sessions separated by at least 7 days to minimize practice effects on cognitive assessments. Subjects: Five chronic stroke survivors (m=4, f=1) participated in two randomly assigned experimental sessions (n=5, 60.4 ± 11.3 years, 39.8 ± 41.4% body fat, 32.7±6.3 body mass index [kg/m²])., either a …

Negation In Dene Languages, Cormac League

Linguistics ETDs

This thesis uses a typologically informed approach to investigate the strategies used for negation in Dene languages. This study illuminates aspects of the development of negation by examining the complex interplay between the lexical forms and morphosyntactic strategies employed to encode negative polarity in declarative and prohibitive constructions. The theoretical frameworks of the Jespersen Cycle and the Negative Existential Cycle are utilized to discuss negators in relation to their possible origins. Particular attention is given to the Pacific Coast and Southern Dene languages to propose an origin for the bipartite negation strategies used in the later. Through examination of synchronic …

Tuning Of Real-Time Optimization Of Heliostat Concentrated Solar Power, Zachary L. Bernius

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

This paper investigates a real-time optimization algorithm for autonomously calibrating the heliostats in a concentrated solar power plant with the goal of maximizing power generation. The current state-of-the-art uses human operators to provide feedback for the heliostats. We use real-time/online measurements to produce an autonomous closed-loop system that does not require human intervention. The paper investigates tuning the gain of the real-time optimization algorithm to quickly and robustly converge to the optimal alignment and stabilize the system. The exponential stability of the system is certified using a quadratic Lyapunov function and static output feedback methods to couple the Lyapunov functions …

Unequal Neighbors In Diverse Neighborhoods: Accounting For Variation In The Impact Of Relative Inequality On Neighborhood Crime, Samuel A. Torres

Sociology ETDs

Research demonstrates that crime rate differences across racially segregated urban communities are primarily attributable to uneven distributions of resources between neighborhoods. Less is known about the role economic inequality within neighborhoods, what I call relative inequality, plays in maintaining ethno-racial criminal disparities. In this dissertation I explore sources of variation in the impact of relative inequality on neighborhood crime by drawing on data from the 2010-2013 National Neighborhood Crime Study Panel (NNCS2-P). I find that relative inequality effects are attenuated in higher disadvantage neighborhoods and this interaction accounts for differences in effect size by neighborhood ethno-racial composition. Results also show …

Composition Portfolio, Axel Norman Velazquez Retif Altmann

Music ETDs

This composition portfolio consists of a series of works written during my master’s program at the University of New Mexico. Each chapter in this collection includes a brief description of its corresponding piece. The compositions featured in this portfolio are: 5 de mayo: La Batalla de Puebla (2023), Alir (2023), Taos (2022), and Atok (2023). Each composition in this portfolio not only represents a unique artistic vision but also illustrates the evolution of my compositional voice throughout my graduate studies. Through these works, I aim to contribute to the ongoing dialogue between tradition and modernity in contemporary music.