Digital Commons Network^™

Biomedical Informatics Seminar Series (Biomiss) 2019 - 2020, Philip J. Kroth

Biomedical Informatics Seminar Series (BioMISS)

No abstract provided.

Unm Health Sciences Center Data Book 2018-19, University Of New Mexico - Health Sciences Center

Health Sciences Center Databook (1990-ongoing)

No abstract provided.

University Of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Discovery Research Annual Report 2019, Michael Haederle, Jana Fothergill, Emily Monteiro Morelli, Yamhilette Licon Muñoz, Nicole Maphis, Seth Fuller, Jett Loe, Allan Stone

Research Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Nosocomial Chronic Osteomyelitis Of The Tibia In An Otherwise Healthy Adolescent: A Case Report, Walter N. Dehority, Selina Silva, Martha Muller

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

INTRODUCTION: Pseudomonas osteomyelitis in otherwise healthy children is rare but may present following puncture wounds to the foot or involve the skull following mastoiditis. We present a case of nosocomial chronic osteomyelitis of the tibia caused by Pseudomonas in a previously healthy adolescent following surgical debridement of a non-pseudomonal chronic osteomyelitis in the same location 18 months prior. To our knowledge, such a case has not previously been described.

CASE REPORT: A 17-year-old previously healthy young man presented with several month duration of pain in the right leg below the knee with no prior trauma, overlying a site of chronic, …

Issue No. 111: Spring 2019

La Crónica de Nuevo México

ii President’s Message

1 World War I and the Spanish Flu Pandemic in New Mexico by Rick Hendricks

6 Interview with David Holtby—A Preview of His Plenary Session of the 2019 New Mexico History Conference, “Conflicted Legacy: New Mexico and World War I”

10 Mock Peace Conference to Commemorate the 100th Anniversary of the World War I Armistice, by Judy Reinhartz

11 Book Reviews and Notes, compiled by Richard Melzer

12 HSNM News—Calls for Applications for 2019 HSNM Grant Programs

13 Anna’s Warning, edited by John Ramsay

Adaptations Made To Evidence-Based Public Health Programs In Low- To Middle- Income Countries: A Concept Mapping Analysis, Elizabeth Holguin

Nursing ETDs

One of the most challenging barriers to implementing successful and sustainable evidence-based programs in public health is the ability to remain faithful to original protocols grounded in scientific evidence while adapting programmatic components to reflect the reality of the communities they are meant to benefit. It is generally accepted that some degree of adaptation should occur in order to achieve positive, sustainable outcomes in public health programs. A concept mapping methodology was used to explore types of adaptation that occur during implementation of evidence-based global health programs in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). Purposive and snowball sampling produced a sample …

Physella Acuta, Comparative Immunology And Evolutionary Aspects Of Gastropod Immune Function, Jonathan H. Schultz

Biology ETDs

Gastropod immunobiology has benefitted from investigations focused on the planorbid snail Biomphalaria glabrata, intermediate host for the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni. Though such concentrated efforts have elucidated fascinating aspects of invertebrate immunity, they have not provided full knowledge regarding the evolution of immune function among other gastropod species. This dissertation presents the importance of making strategic choices regarding which organisms to select for comparative immunology. Herein, the choice was made to investigate the immunobiology of Physella acuta, a freshwater snail species of the Physidae, a sister family to Planorbidae to which B. glabrata belongs. Benefiting greatly from …

Towards A Better Understanding Of The Effects Of Praziquantel On The Interaction Between The Helminth Parasite Schistosoma Mansoni And Its Murine Host, Melissa Catherine Sanchez

Biology ETDs

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) that infects 206 million individuals worldwide. This disease is caused by dioecious trematodes of the genus Schistosoma, and its pathology is associated with the large number of eggs that are released by the female. Entrapped eggs lead to host immune and inflammatory responses resulting in disease progression. Chemotherapy provides the main means of control and praziquantel (PZQ) is the only widely available drug that is used in all mass drug administration (MDA) programs. As the number of individuals receiving PZQ continues to grow, the development of PZQ resistance is a concern and …

Hemocyanin-Like 1 Protein, Unique To Planorbid Snails, Supports Reproductive Output Of Biomphalaria Glabrata, Vector Of Schistosomiasis, Janeth Julieta Peña

Biology ETDs

The Neotropical freshwater snail, Biomphalaria glabrata is a major intermediate host of the parasite Schistosoma mansoni, causative agent of human intestinal schistosomiasis. Disease control efforts consist mainly of mass drug treatment but it is recognized that targeting of the snail vector is essential to prevent parasite transmission that leads to rapid (re)infections. This dissertation combines the knowledge of basic snail biology with modern molecular techniques including protein analysis, next-generation sequencing, proteomics, qRT-PCR and RNA interference to: (1) characterize hemocyanin-like genes in B. glabrata, in particular with further description of the egg mass fluid (EMF) protein hemocyanin-like 1 (Hcl-1), (2) …

From Olfaction To Immunity: Characterization Of Nasal Immunity In Bony Fish, Ali Sepahi

Biology ETDs

The olfactory system is a common route pathogen entry in vertebrates. As a consequence, the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) needs to rapidly clear infections without compromising the sense of olfaction. NALT is present in teleost fish but its cellular and molecular mechanisms of action have not been investigated to this date. This dissertation focuses on three aims: 1. investigating the role of CCL19-like as a primordial chemokine in vertebrate nasal immunity, 2. determining the presence of tissue microenvironments within the olfactory organ (OO) of rainbow trout, and 3. understanding the immune contributions of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in teleosts against …

Effects Of Exposure To Violence On Health In Iraq Between 2006-2007, Fatemeh Shahandeh

Economics ETDs

Iraq has experienced protracted years of war in last two decades. These prolonged years of war in Iraq manifested conflict and violence, degeneration of economic conditions and a serious breakdown of public health services. Deaths, injury and acts of violence such as kidnapping, threat and witnessing heavy casualties are only a few examples of events that Iraqi people experienced during war times. Conflict can result in lasting and profound consequences for the health of the Iraq population. The burden of the communicable, non-communicable disease and mental illnesses in war zone areas is rising rapidly and becoming a major challenge to …

Regulating Mirna Biogenesis By Small Molecules, Hao Yan

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

MiRNAs are key cellular regulators and their dysregulation is associated with many human diseases. The development of miRNA inhibitors has significant implications for the therapy of diseases associated with aberrant miRNA expression. It also provides chemical tools for studying miRNA function. This dissertation focuses on the development of small-molecule based miRNA inhibitors targeting miRNA biogenesis.

The dissertation consists of four chapters. In Chapter 1, the biogenesis of miRNA was first introduced, followed by the explanation of miRNA function in health and disease. Then the approaches used for regulating miRNA were reviewed. Finally, the difficulties with miRNA regulation were summarized.

One …

Understanding And Modifying Health Behaviors, Kristina N. Piorkowski

Economics ETDs

This dissertation explores two drivers behind the spread of non-communicable diseases – sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and youth tobacco use – in order to improve policies tailored to mitigate these behaviors. Chapter 2 uses primary survey data to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) for a tax on sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) in New Mexico. Traditional contingent valuation regression methods were reformulated as a three-equation system. Results indicate that respondents who have healthier eating habits have statistically significantly higher preferences for SSB taxes. The estimated individual median WTP 95% confidence interval was 0.002-0.961 pennies-per-ounce. Chapter 3 continues the exploration into SSB …

Unm Pathology Pathfinder Summer 2018, Unm Department Of Pathology

Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Regulations Of Pathogenic Cd4+ T Helper Lymphocytes In Inflammatory Diseases, Handong Zheng

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

In this comprehensive project, three interrelated studies with distinct foci were employed to understand the regulations of specific CD4⁺ T helper cell population in inflammatory diseases.

Pathogenic TH17 cells play an essential role in the initiation and development of both human multiple sclerosis (MS) and animal experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism by which the pathogenicity of TH17 cells is controlled in the autoimmune neuro-inflammation remains unclear. In aim 1, we revealed that lumican (Lum), an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, negatively regulates encephalitic TH17 cell responses. Our findings highlighted a TH17 cell-intrinsic effect of Lum in suppressing …

Integrated Models Of Care For Individuals With Opioid Use Disorder: How Do We Prevent Hiv And Hcv?, Katherine M Rich, Joshua Bia, Frederick L Altice, Judith Feinberg

Project ECHO Bibliography

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To describe models of integrated and co-located care for opioid use disorder (OUD), hepatitis C (HCV), and HIV.

RECENT FINDINGS: The design and scale-up of multidisciplinary care models that engage, retain, and treat individuals with HIV, HCV, and OUD are critical to preventing continued spread of HIV and HCV. We identified 17 models within primary care (N = 3), HIV specialty care (N = 5), opioid treatment programs (N = 6), transitional clinics (N = 2), and community-based harm reduction programs (N = 1), as well as two emerging models. Key components of such models are the …

Schistosomiasis In The Wild: A Transcriptomics Perspective On Field-Derived Biomphalaria Pfeifferi And Schistosoma Mansoni, And Their Interactions, Sarah K. Buddenborg

Biology ETDs

Schistosomiasis, caused by trematodes in the genus Schistosoma, is a widespread neglected tropical disease with the species S. mansoni infecting over 100 million people. We aimed to better understand the snail host and parasite responses during intramolluscan stages of infection by performing dual RNA-Seq on field-collected snails with natural infections from western Kenya. We collected uninfected Biomphalaria pfeifferi, B. pfeifferi with a patent cercariae-producing S. mansoni infection, and B. pfeifferi exposed to field-collected S. mansoni at 1 and 3d (days post infection).

We first created a high-quality B. pfeifferi transcriptome to identify the snail response to S. mansoni infection. …

Revealing Biotic Diversity: How Do Complex Environments Influence Human Schistosomiasis In A Hyperendemic Area, Martina Rose Laidemitt

Biology ETDs

Human schistosomiasis is one of the great neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) of our time with more than 206 million individuals infected and more than 90% of those infected reside in Sub-Saharan Africa (WHO 2017). Chemotherapy based control programs play an essential role in contributing to the elimination of human schistosomiasis; however, there is an increasing consensus that chemotherapy needs to be supplemented by other means if interruption of transmission and elimination are to be achieved. Given this situation, the focus of this dissertation was to better understand transmission dynamics in a hyperendemic setting in western Kenya and to find alternative …

Efficacy Of Antibiotic Treatments For Klebsiella And Esbl Pneumonia, Harry Snow

Clinical and Translational Science Center Scholarly Output

There is a dearth of knowledge and studies about empiric antibiotic treatment for Extended Spectrum-β-Lactamase (ESBL) bacterial pneumonia.

This study is meant to improve quality of evidence to “medium” levels from the current level of “very-low” quality.

Improved methods for treating Klebsiella Pneumoniae infection.

Primary outcome:Mortality

Aim:To assess differences in patient survival probability due to different antibiotic regimens, considering all classes of antibiotics.

Prevalence Of Artemisinin Resistance Associated Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms In Kenyan Isolates, Elizabeth M. Glenn

Biology ETDs

Malaria has had an unspeakable toll on human economy and wellbeing. Every year, there are approximately 212 million malaria infections caused by Plasmodium falciparum leading to 429,000 deaths, the vast majority of which occur in sub-Saharan Africa where the parasite is endemic. Decades of widespread use, and probable misuse, of antimalarial drugs has created extraordinary selective pressure on the parasite and made many formerly effective drugs ineffective. Currently, artemisinin and artemisinin derivatives are the most effective treatment available but resistance to dihydroartemisinin (DHA), the active ingredient, is emerging. Continued monitoring for genetic mutations linked with resistance is vital to global …

Human Rights And The Global Climate Change Regime, Atieno Mboya Samandari

Natural Resources Journal

This article discusses human rights implications of the market-based mechanisms operationalized under the global climate change regime. It examines greenhouse gas emissions rights created by the Kyoto Protocol and continued by the Paris Agreement. This article discusses implications of these rights for the protection and realization of human rights in the wake of climate change and argues that greenhouse gas emissions rights, as currently constituted, are incompatible with human rights protections. While the Paris Agreement’s recognition of human rights is a significant development, the protection and realization of human rights by states under a free-market approach to climate change remains …

'Birth Control Was Just A Part Of It": The Santa Fe Maternal Health Center, 1937-1996, Lena Mcquade

New Mexico Historical Review

No abstract provided.

V-Atpase Roles In Prostate Cancer, Yamhilette Licon Munoz

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) is responsible for maintaining the acidic pH of the endomembrane system in eukaryotic cells. V-ATPase active transport of protons generates the differential luminal pH in lysosomes, endosomes, and the Golgi. In addition to intracellular V-ATPase, cancer cells have V-ATPase at the plasma membrane. Plasmalemmal V-ATPase acidifies the extracellular milieu and enhances cell motility and invasion, evidence that V-ATPase contributes to tumorigenic phenotypes. We studied V-ATPase cellular functions in prostate cancer (PCa), the most commonly diagnosed cancer for men in the United States. V-ATPase inhibitors decreased invasion and migration of PCa cells. In aggressive PCa cell lines, C4-2B …

Subperiosteal Abscess Of The Distal Radius In A 13-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report, Anastasiya K. Haponyuk, Deana M. Mercer

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

Children and adolescents have the tendency to develop osteomyelitis in metaphyseal sinusoids because turbulent blood flow increases the probability of bacterial growth. Osteomyelitis in children is frequently misdiagnosed owing to lack of symptoms and specific findings from laboratory tests. Without rapid antibiotic treatment of osteomyelitis, complications such as subperiosteal abscesses may occur. We describe a 13-year-old boy who underwent irrigation and debridement to treat a subperiosteal abscess of the right distal radius and ulna, caused by acute osteomyelitis. After debridement, the patient was placed on a continuous 6-week course of nafcillin infusion through a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). The …

Unm Pathology Pathfinder Winter 2018, Unm Department Of Pathology

Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Unm Health Sciences Center Data Book 2017-18, University Of New Mexico - Health Sciences Center

Health Sciences Center Databook (1990-ongoing)

No abstract provided.

Chronic Tenosynovitis Caused By Mycobacterium Avium-Intracellulare Of The Flexor Tendons In A 65-Year-Old Man: A Case Report, Kourosh M. Kolahi, Moheb S. Moneim

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

We report a rare case of Mycobacterium aviumintracellulare flexor tenosynovitis in the hand of a 65-year-old man. The patient reported no history of penetrating trauma but was an avid gardener and presented nearly 2 years after the onset of symptoms. Our case highlights the difficulty in diagnosing mycobacterial infections owing to their lack of classic clinical and laboratory findings. Our patient underwent successful surgical debridement followed by oral antibiotic therapy, initiated 4 weeks after the culture was positive for a slow-growing organism.

Next Generation Sequencing Technologies For Real-Time Genotyping And Targeted Sequencing For Precision Medicine, Priyanka Rawat

Biomedical Engineering ETDs

Astounding success of Human genome project and accelerating success of sequencing technologies have enabled $ 1000 genome goals possible. But, this is still far-fetched from the reach of many resource refrained populations with high genetic variations causing lethal genetic diseases. Based on present technology principles, I have developed prototypes for affordable, scalable and customizable point-of-care genotyping and targeted sequencing. Ion-sensitive field effect transistors with novel read-out and signal amplification techniques are used for laying foundation of possible ISFET based allele-arrays. Sequencing-by-synthesis based full-fledge sequencer is made with novel immobilization, flow-cell and data acquisition methods for massive sequenciing.

Royal Daughters In Anglo-Saxon England, Alice Wehling

History ETDs

This thesis seeks to investigate the social roles of royal daughters in Anglo-Saxon England. The daughters of Anglo-Saxon kings were raised in monasteries or in the royal households of their parents, and were educated in accordance with their royal status. Through their marriages to the rulers of other kingdoms, royal daughters served as the primary vehicles by which Anglo-Saxon ruling dynasties made political alliances with their domestic and continental neighbors. Royal daughters could also be consecrated to the religious life; as nuns and abbesses of prominent monastic institutions, these women served their family’s spiritual interests and wielded substantial spiritual and …

Suppurative Complications Of Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis In Children, Jennifer J. Johnston, Cristina Murray-Krezan, Walter N. Dehority

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

We carried out a case-control study in children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) with and without suppurative complications discharged from our institution over an 11-year period to test the hypothesis that abscess formation was associated with a delayed presentation to care. Of 102 children with AHO, 54 abscesses were documented in 46 patients (25 bone, 29 muscle). A delay in presentation was not associated with abscess formation (6.5 vs. 5.0 days, P=0.26). Overall, 78% of all bone abscesses were visible on initial MRI. Consistent use of MRI at presentation may identify children with suppurative complications of AHO.