Digital Commons Network^™

Integrated Chirped-Grating Spectrometer-On-A-Chip, Shima Nezhadbadeh

Optical Science and Engineering ETDs

In this dissertation we demonstrate a new structure based on waveguide coupling atop a silicon wafer using a chirped grating to provide the dispersion that leads to a high-resolution, compact, fully integrable and CMOS-compatible spectrometer. Light is both analyzed and detected in a single, completely monolithic component which enables realizing a high-resolution portable spectrometer with an extremely compact footprint. The structure is comprised of a SiO₂/Si₃N₄/SiO₂ waveguide on top of a silicon wafer. Grating regions are fabricated on the top cladding of the waveguide. The input light is incident on a chirped grating …

Near-Field And Far-Field Microscopic And Spectroscopic Characterizations Of Coupled Plasmonic, Excitonic And Polymeric Materials, Chih-Feng Wang

Optical Science and Engineering ETDs

The properties of localized surface plasmons (LSP) have been broadly utilized for chemical sensing, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, biomedical imaging and photothermal treatments. By exploiting well-established plasmonic effects, the spectroscopic investigation of intriguing quantum phenomena, such as excitonic interband and intersubband (ISB) transitions in semiconductor heterostructures, was examined and extended in both far- and near-field optical measurements. For far-field characterization, we used colloidal plasmonic Au nanorods (AuNRs) to increase the quantum efficiency of InGaAs/GaAs single quantum well. By analyzing the temperature-dependent photoluminescence enhancement as a function of GaAs capping layer thickness, we attributed the mechanism of the LSP enhancement to …

The Development Of A Novel Experiment On Confined, Flattened Brazilian Disks To Correlate Damage And Permeability In Brittle Geo-Materials, Samuel H. Boyce

Civil Engineering ETDs

This research develops a novel experiment using flattened Brazilian disks under confining pressure with concurrent permeability measurements and acoustic emission monitoring. The purpose of this work is to correlate damage and permeability in brittle geo-materials. Two series of tests are performed on concrete and one series on tuff, under a range of confining stresses between 2.76 and 13.79 MPa. Tests were continued beyond peak stress conditions, capturing data in the post-peak region. The acoustic emission data (cumulative energy and counts) are used to identify damage thresholds and track the progression of microscopic damage. This quantified damage is then correlated to …

Implementations Of Resilience Engineering For Natural System Disturbances: A Panarchical Perspective, Mark Charles Stone Victoria Jaramillo

Civil Engineering ETDs

This body of work seeks to advance knowledge of resilience and resilience engineering (RE) from a practical and theoretical perspective. Three distinct applications of resilience and RE that align two fundamental frameworks are presented. The first application, a vulnerability assessment, exemplifies the largest scale of panarchy and the measuring aspect of RE. The second application, a Bayesian network approach, exemplifies the intermediate scale of panarchy and the modeling aspect of RE. The third application, an engineering design project using analytical hierarchy process (AHP), exemplifies the smallest scale of panarchy and the building aspect of RE. Studying these applications enriches understanding …

Dynamics Of Avian Elevational Ranges Reveal Hidden Evolutionary Forces, Chauncey R. Gadek

Biology ETDs

The distribution of life across the Andes mountains reflects historical elevational-range contraction and expansion. Whereas contraction implies specialization, expansion requires overcoming hidden barriers. Three eco-evolutionary phenomena may drive patterns in rates of elevational range evolution: (1) The Dobzhansky-MacArthur Phenomenon (DMP) predicts lower rates of upward expansion with harsher physical conditions, while downward expansion increases with lower diversity; (2) the evolutionary tendency toward specialization predicts contraction increases when ranges are broad; and (3) natural selection for respiratory performance could suppress expansion across mid-elevations due to gene-environment mismatch. We modeled elevational range shifts of Neotropical landbirds. Contrary to the DMP, upward expansion …

Validation Of Gaseous Absorption & Cloud Attenuation Models Utilizing A 72 Ghz Terrestrial Link, Ralph Lyndon Gesner

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Interest in the W & V-bands of the radio frequency (RF) spectrum has become steadily more desirable for system designers due to the ever increasing need for greater communication bandwidths and higher data rates. The 40 GHZ to 110 GHz range that constitutes the W & V-bands provide a unique solution to both of these current demands by providing a bandwidth nearly double that of all current RF frequencies in use. To date, this range has only been used for point to point satellite and short link communications meaning these bands have remained largely unexplored and undeveloped.

To capitalize on …

Design And Applications Of Charge-Separated Metal-Organic Frameworks, Sheela Thapa

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

Ionic tetrapodal ligands with colinear coordinating arms are very effective for designing hybrid porous materials with unusual structure and properties. The novelty of this research work lies in the utilization of a unique borate ligand that leads to charge-separated MOF structure with tailor designed properties. Borate ligands being tetrahedral afford 3D materials and the negative charge of borate anion can compensate the positive charge of metal ion in the framework. The borate ligands designed in this research consists of quaternary ammonium cation and anionic borate with four pyridine arms. These ligands upon coordination with Cu(I), Cu(II), Ag(I) and Co(II) metal …

Electromagnetic Analysis Of Bidirectional Reflectance From Roughened Surfaces And Applications To Surface Shape Recovery, Julian Antolin Camarena

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

Scattering from randomly rough surfaces is a well-established sub area of electrodynamics. There remains much to be done since each surface and optical processes that may occur in within the scattering medium, and countless other scenarios, is different. There are also illumination models that describe lighting in a scene on the macroscopic scale where geometrical optics can be considered adequate. Of particular interest for us is the intersection of the physical scattering theories and the illumination models. We present two contributions: 1) A minimum of two independent images are needed since any opaque surface can be uniquely specified in terms …

Biointerfacial Studies Of Nitrifying Biofilms On Physically And Chemically Modified Surfaces, Philip Marley Roveto

Civil Engineering ETDs

Interactions between bacteria and surfaces during the initiation of biofilm formation are complex phenomena with significant and wide-ranging implications for nutrient cycling, ecosystem and human health, and the remediation of anthropogenic pollutants. Nitrifying biofilms are currently used for ammonia removal in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) systems. As well-studied biofilms, they can serve as models towards understanding crucial aspects of biofilm engineering. The overall objective of this research was to better understand how variations in specific surface chemistries and topographical features affect nitrification rates and microbial populations in an effort to develop technologies for improved productivity. The experimental approach was to …

Recovery Of Gypsum & Magnesium Hydroxide From Brackish Water By Chemical Precipitation, Sugam Tandukar

Civil Engineering ETDs

Exhaust gases from coal combustion contain contaminants such as sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrous oxide (NO_x), and traces of other pollutants such as arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), nitrate (NO₃), and selenium (Se). Exhaust gas scrubbers are used to limit the emissions of these constituents to air. Treating exhaust gases to remove SO₂ is referred to as flue gas desulfurization (FGD), and the most common method is the use of wet scrubbers using limestone slurries. The limestone slurry is recycled multiple times in the scrubber, and to limit the concentration of dissolved constituents, a …

Recovering Abiquiú’S Lost Church Records, Samuel E. Sisneros

University Libraries & Learning Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications

In early 2016, an elderly couple came into UNM’s Center for Southwest Research & Special Collections determined to donate six hide-covered books to the archives. They confessed they did not know their contents and that even though the books were in the care of the family for many years, they thought UNM would be a suitable place for them to be preserved and studied. I immediately realized that these antique books were the long lost baptismal, marriage and burial registers (1777-1861) from the Mission Church of Santo Tomás Apóstol de Abiquiú and that the rightful repository for them was the …

The Role Of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids In Blood Pressure Regulation And Secondhand Smoke-Induced Vascular Dysfunction, Emily Anna Wheeler

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) may lower cardiovascular disease risk by reducing blood pressure (BP). We hypothesized that fat-1 transgenic mice, which convert n-6 PUFAs to n-3 PUFAs, would have improved vascular function in BP regulation and following secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, compared to wild type (WT) mice.

BP was recorded in mice fed an n-6 PUFA, or standard chow diet. On the n-6 PUFA diet fat-1 mice had a lower mean arterial pressure and a greater decrease in diastolic BP when treated with an ACE inhibitor, compared to WT mice. No differences were observed on the chow diet. …

Development Of Mbd Model And Analysis Methodology For Vehicle Design, Alfonso Christopher Ponce

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

This thesis is to provide a new methodology that considers the effects the chassis applies during dynamic load to the suspension and the handling characteristics of a road course vehicle. A methodology in which is described in detail as well as an applied demonstration where literature before this thesis, lacks in replication and serves to establish a basis for multi-body dynamic analysis in this area. Two models to be created, rigid and flexible, and to compare each other to study the effects the chassis torsional stiffness has during load transfer. Ultimately, to assist in the design of a vehicle that …

Using The Linguistic Experiences Of Youth And Their Families As Curriculum: The Language Box Project, Molly A. Perara-Lunde Ms.

Language, Literacy, and Sociocultural Studies ETDs

This qualitative curricular case study investigated the implementation of a project called the Language Box in a seventh grade Humanities classroom in Albuquerque, New Mexico. I worked with the classroom teacher to design the Language Box project, which focused on the language use practices of the students and their families. We designed the project with the goal of addressing issues of home language loss, bilingualism, and English language acquisition. The students in the classroom were almost exclusively Hispanic, many came from low income families and some were undocumented. Each student acted as a researcher, investigating the language use practices in …

The Influence Of Infant Temperament On Maternal Sensitivity In Preterm Infants, Suzanne Vaccaro

Psychology ETDs

Infants who experience sensitive caregiving are at lower risk for numerous adverse outcomes. This is especially true for infants born preterm, leading them to be more susceptible to risks associated with poorer quality caregiving. Some research suggests that preterm and full term infants differ on in temperament, which may contribute to findings that caregivers of preterm infants are often found to display less sensitive responding to their infants. To investigate the associations between term status, infant temperament, and maternal behavior, videotaped play interactions and a measure of temperament, the Infant Behavior Questionnaire were coded for samples of preterm and full …

Experimental Testing Of A 3d-Printed Metamaterial Slow Wave Structure For High Power Microwave Generation, Antonio B. De Alleluia

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

A metamaterial (MTM) high power microwave (HPM) vacuum electron device (VED) was developed using 3D printing technology. The specific geometric pattern of the source can produce both negative permittivity and permeability to interact with a relativistic electron beam. The electron beam is generated using a pulsed electron accelerator with a maximum energy of 700 keV and lasting approximately 16 ns. The design of this novel VED consists of a circular waveguide loaded with complementary split-ring resonators in a linear periodic arrangement in which the relativistic beam travels guided by a magnetic field. The electrons interact with the MTM producing electromagnetic …

Non-Traditional Hispanic Women Students In Post-Secondary Education, Melanie C. Zollner

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

Today, the Hispanic population is the fastest growing minority in the United States. As a minority-majority Hispanic state, it is imperative that New Mexico addresses the needs of this population, particularly education, as it creates opportunities for growth. Historically, the Hispanic population experienced limited access to education, which impacted their access to income and occupation, making them expendable.

Throughout history, women have faced inequality. In the United States, women had to overcome several obstacles to have access to education and be allowed to enroll in post-secondary education (Hagedorn, Womack, Vogt, Westebbe, & Kealing, 2002). It must be noted that the …

Grotesque Observation: The Importance Of Architecture And Surveillance In Literature And Society, Austin Tyra

Shared Knowledge Conference

My poster will focus on the importance of American architecture and its ability to both allow for and encourages the surveillance of citizens. This surveillance is carried out with the intention of affecting an individual's behavior an upkeep certain societal "norms." To violate these norms would mean facing social alienation, and other such repercussions. This idea will be communicated by drawing upon a number of literary sources, some fiction and some non-fiction. Sherwood Anderson's Winesburg, Ohio and Edith Wharton's Summer will feature prominently as each text features characters that position themselves in front of a window and are then immediately …

Making Love: Love Magic In Medieval Romances, Dalicia Raymond

Shared Knowledge Conference

This study considers the functions of love magic and the authorial discomfort with which it is treated in high and late medieval romances from continental and insular Europe. I theorize three functions of love magic-to induce love, to disrupt love, and to maintain or facilitate love. I assert that although magic and adulterous courtly love in medieval romances are accepted by medieval authors, the use of love-inducing magic is presented with an authorial discomfort that requires either an implicit condemnation or an explicit divine endorsement due to the violation of free will. I examine this discomfort in a variety of …

Does Health Insurance Affect Patient's Doctor Visit?, Samsun Naher, Dinah Amoah, Kate Cartwright, David Van Der Goes

Shared Knowledge Conference

As of July 2016, 11.2% of the United States' population is Mexican Americans (United States Census Bureau 2017, American Community Survey). Mexican Americans comprised 63.2% of all Hispanics and Latinos in the United States (United States Census Bureau 2017, American Community Survey). About 52% of all Mexican Americans reside in the West and 35% in the South (U.S. Census, Hispanic Population 2010). Our objective is to seek how health insurance coverage rates affect the Mexican Americans population's doctor visit between these two different regions under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). We use the 2010 - 2017 NHIS where 2010 - …

The Many Faces Of La Llorona: Reflections On La Llorona Through Creative Writing, Sutherland Jaramillo

Shared Knowledge Conference

The folklore narrative of La Llorona is one that has been an essential story in oral traditions of hispanohablante communities for centuries. Each narrative holds immense value in understanding social, racial, economic and political contexts within each region. This investigation is comprised of three components which include: a critical framing of La Llorona narratives in the context of New Mexican poetry, a self-produced creative production, and a pedagogical application within a Spanish as a Heritage Language classroom. The first component is an overview of a critical analysis of poems by women authors in New Mexico to explore regionally-specific poetic narratives …

Altered Proteasome Expression And Nuclear Factor (Erythroid-Derived 2)-Like Signaling In Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, Kara Leasure Shanley

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurological disorder characterized by the interactions between heightened inflammation, oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. We and others have previously demonstrated that proteasome dysfunction and its consequences are also important factors in the pathology of both MS and its rodent model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). While proteasome subunit alterations in EAE have been observed, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. The first goal of this dissertation was to characterize the mechanisms that regulate proteasome expression and composition in neural cells in EAE and in vitro.

Immunohistochemical analysis of the EAE spinal cord shows changes in …

Knowledge And Desires Of Parents Of Middle School Students With Intellectual Disability Regarding Inclusive Education Laws And Practices In South Korea: Qualitative Case Study, Yunji Jeong

Special Education ETDs

The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge and desires of parents of middle school students with ID regarding inclusive education practices and laws in South Korea. I interviewed seven mothers of children with ID who attended South Korean middle school. Three themes emerged including (a) mother-teacher communication, (b) particular knowledge that suppressed further desires for inclusive education, and (c) culture-based advocacy for inclusive education. I discussed these findings based on Confucianism, collectivism, social and medical models of disability, and Rawls’s theory of justice. The mothers neither knew about inclusive education laws nor valued the laws. Instead, they …

Demand Response Management In Smart Grid Networks: A Two-Stage Game-Theoretic Learning-Based Approach, Pavlos Athanasios Apostolopoulos

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

In this diploma thesis, the combined problem of power company selection and Demand Response Management in a Smart Grid Network consisting of multiple power companies and multiple customers is studied via adopting a distributed learning and game-theoretic technique. Each power company is characterized by its reputation and competitiveness. The customers who act as learning automata select the most appropriate power company to be served, in terms of price and electricity needs’ fulfillment, via a distributed learning based mechanism. Given customers' power company selection, the Demand Response Management problem is formulated as a two-stage game theoretic optimization framework, where at the …

The Role Of Adaptive Immunity In Chronic Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension, Levi David Maston

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Inflammation is a prominent pathologic feature in pulmonary arterial hypertension as demonstrated by pulmonary vascular infiltration of inflammatory cells, including T and B lymphocytes. However, the contribution of the adaptive immune system is not well characterized in pulmonary hypertension (PH) caused by chronic hypoxia (CH). Inflammatory cells, through various mechanisms, have the capability to increase pulmonary vascular resistance in various disease states. CD4⁺T cells have the potential to play a significant role in the disease process initiated by hypoxia. CD4⁺T cells are largely responsible for orchestrating downstream immune processes and are critical in focusing and amplifying …

How Schools Create Healthy Testing Cultures And How Principals Use Standardized Test Data To Become Leaders Of Learning, Holly A. Gurule

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

Standardized tests are not new to the field of education. The problem with them seems to lie in the ways these tests are now being used as criteria for various high-stakes decisions such as teachers’ evaluations, school grades, school sanctions, and even graduation from high school with a diploma. With so many different uses for standardized tests, it is easy to see how our perception of them has become skewed.

This bounded case study of a small elementary school in a large urban district centered on shifting the focus away from looking at standardized tests as a negative, as mere …

From Data To Action: Using Qualitative Research To Increase Healthcare Provider Referrals To Early Childhood Home Visiting, Theresa H. Cruz, Leona Woelk, Ivy Cervantes

Posters and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Lt. Col. Vindman Is A Patriot, Joshua E. Kastenberg

Faculty Scholarship

Op-ed: Kastenberg discusses how it is the duty of a commissioned officer to report activity they consider legally questionable and it is within their duty to testify before Congress.

Preservice Teachers' Perceptions Of Readiness For Teaching In A 1:1 Classroom, Laura Jeffery

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

With the emergence of digital technology as a primary means to communicate and learn, it is imperative that educators become proficient in utilizing 21^stcentury digital tools and apps. However, research has shown that preservice teachers' levels of readiness for teaching in 1:1 classrooms are not sufficient. Preservice teachers need to increase their proficiency with technology, both hardware and software, in order to maximize student achievement and prepare their future students for a wide array of post-secondary options.

This study examined the perceptions that preservice teachers held regarding their readiness to step into 1:1 classrooms upon completion of their …

Satisfaction-Aware Data Offloading In Surveillance Systems, Marcos Paul Torres

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

In this thesis, exploiting Fully Autonomous Aerial Systems' (FAAS) and Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) servers' computing capabilities to introduce a novel data offloading framework to support the energy and time-efficient video processing in surveillance systems based on satisfaction games. A surveillance system is introduced consisting of Areas of Interest (AoIs), where a MEC server is associated with each AoI, and a FAAS is flying above the AoIs to support the IP cameras' computing demands. Each IP camera adopts a utility function capturing its Quality of Service (QoS) considering the experienced time and energy overhead to offload and process remotely or …