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Untranslatable Words In Classical Latin: The Problem With Pius, Keith Alexander Woodell
Untranslatable Words In Classical Latin: The Problem With Pius, Keith Alexander Woodell
Foreign Languages & Literatures ETDs
The Romans of the Classical Era (circa 100 B.C.E. to 15 C.E.) had a social, religious, and legal structure that was vastly different from that of modern Western societies. On account of this difference and especially due to the influence of the Christian religion, many Roman concepts have been misunderstood and mistranslated. This thesis analyzes the Latin word pius along with its nominal and adverbial derivatives in ancient literature to try to understand how the concept actually worked in Roman cognition. Perhaps due to the fact that words like pity,' 'pious,' and 'piety' all derive from pius, the way it …
Cognitive Differences In United States Preschool Children And Mexico Preschool Children, Xiaoshen Jin
Cognitive Differences In United States Preschool Children And Mexico Preschool Children, Xiaoshen Jin
Psychology ETDs
Considerable cross-cultural work on adults and older children suggests that collectivist and individualist cultures are associated with different modes of cognitive processing involving holistic and analytic thinking styles. The current study examined cultural differences in holistic-analytic thinking styles in an understudied population—preschoolers—in the United States, a representative country for individualism, and in Mexico, a representative country for collectivism. Eighty-three preschoolers (United States: n = 41; Mexico n = 42) with an age range from 3 years to 6 years 1 month participated in this study. Two measures of cognitive style were given to each participant: the triad task and a …
Occidental Encounters: Early Nineteenth-Century Egyptian Travelers To Europe, Omran Doaa
Occidental Encounters: Early Nineteenth-Century Egyptian Travelers To Europe, Omran Doaa
Foreign Languages & Literatures ETDs
This study aims to examine nineteenth-century Occidentalism on which little research has been done. Understanding how the East views the West is not just an end in itself, but it can help us better understand post-colonial theory, which has always been more skewed towards Western views. The study will look at some of the tenets of modern Occidentalism, among them powerless discourse, knowledge, ambivalence, emancipation of women and the use of religion in legitimizing the discourse. I will also investigate the erroneous conception that Occidentalism is the opposite of Orientalism. Even though both fields of post-colonial theory share some common …
Social Support Seeking Processes In Japan And The United States: A Multi-Layered Approach, Satoshi Moriizumi
Social Support Seeking Processes In Japan And The United States: A Multi-Layered Approach, Satoshi Moriizumi
Communication ETDs
The current study investigated cultural, familial, and individual differences in social support seeking processes between Japan and the United States by applying face negotiation theory (FNT). The application of FNT contributed to understanding social support seeking processes by utilizing such concepts as national cultures, and horizontal-vertical individualism and collectivism (I-C) as cultural variables, family communication patterns (FCP) as meso-cultural variables, self-construals as culturally influenced individual variables, and face concerns as situational and relational variables. Using the FNT framework, the current study focused on the following five aspects: (a) cross-cultural comparisons of the amount of social support seeking and coping styles, …
Ending Poverty? Critical Interrogations Of Class Subjectivities, Agency, And Ideologies In Discursive And Embodied Texts From A U.S. Nonprofit, Brandi Lawless
Ending Poverty? Critical Interrogations Of Class Subjectivities, Agency, And Ideologies In Discursive And Embodied Texts From A U.S. Nonprofit, Brandi Lawless
Communication ETDs
This dissertation explores subjectivities, agency, and power relations that emerge in discourses and performances related to one U.S. nonprofit organization attempting to end poverty, referred to as Transforming Poverty Partnerships (TPP). The author analyzes training materials, interview transcripts, and performance texts documented through participant observation. This study reveals a number of discourses in each of the texts, which function to reproduce dominant societal ideologies about individual hard work as a pathway to success, individual responsibility to create change, the normalization of the middle class, and a reinforcement of whiteness. The author takes a praxical approach in using theories from critical …
South Asian And (Undocumented) Latino/A Immigrant Bloggers: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of Their Engagement With Immigration Discourses, Anjana Mudambi
South Asian And (Undocumented) Latino/A Immigrant Bloggers: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of Their Engagement With Immigration Discourses, Anjana Mudambi
Communication ETDs
The overarching purpose of this project is to theorize how marginalized communities engage with dominant discourses and to locate possibilities for agency in contesting dominant representations of marginalized groups. I selected two discursive events as instances of a larger U.S. immigration discourse--the enactment of SB 1070 in Arizona and the publication of a column in TIME Magazine in which the author decries the influx of South Asians to his hometown of Edison, NJ. I then modified critical discourse analysis to examine weblog responses to these events by two diasporic communities interpellated by them--(undocumented) Latino/a immigrants and South Asian immigrants. Drawing …
Negotiating Cultural Identity In The Struggle For Democracy In Zimbabwe: Postcolonial Transitions And Endurance, Cleophas Taurai Muneri
Negotiating Cultural Identity In The Struggle For Democracy In Zimbabwe: Postcolonial Transitions And Endurance, Cleophas Taurai Muneri
Communication ETDs
This project examines how discourses on democratization in Zimbabwe, a country transitioning from colonialism constituted and reconstituted cultural identities. I specifically focused on discourses from both government controlled and privately owned newspapers and 18 civil society organizations involved in the struggle for democracy. I also explored the ideological implications of the newspaper and civil society discourses. The research was guided by three research questions. This research was informed by theoretical and conceptual underpinnings of postcolonial theory, democracy, identity, public and counter-public spheres. Consistent with the critical perspective that informed this project, I utilized Fairclough's critical discourse analysis to bring out …
Zapatista Materiality Disseminated: A Co-Construction Reconsidered, Ilse Biel
Zapatista Materiality Disseminated: A Co-Construction Reconsidered, Ilse Biel
Anthropology ETDs
In this study, I explore two central examples of Zapatista material culture, the Zapatista mask and the souvenir muñecas zapatistas [Zapatista dolls], as they become plot lines in the co-constructed encuentro that shapes the Zapatista concept internationally leading to a false image of Zapatista homogeneity. Taking on their own dynamic substance that frequently is dislodged from the context of the people they appear to represent they become indicative of the discourse about the Zapatistas, one that does not necessarily originate in the activities of the Zapatistas. I suggest that, within the broader encuentro process between Zapatistas and non-Zapatistas, the Zapatistas …
Ignacio Manuel Altamirano's Journey From 'Indio Puro' To Cultural Mestizo: Indigenous Identity, Mestizaje, And Nationalism In Nineteenth-Century Mexico, Angelica Sanchez-Clark
Ignacio Manuel Altamirano's Journey From 'Indio Puro' To Cultural Mestizo: Indigenous Identity, Mestizaje, And Nationalism In Nineteenth-Century Mexico, Angelica Sanchez-Clark
Spanish and Portuguese ETDs
Like many Mexican Liberal intellectuals, Ignacio Manuel Altamirano (b. Tixtla, Guerrero, 1834; d. San Remo, Italy, 1893) played a central role in defining the role that the mestizo—and, by force of circumstance, the Indian—would play in the formation of national identity after Mexicos independence from Spain. This dissertation examines Altamirano's literary and political works, as well as his personal correspondence, and his experiences as a soldier, educator, and politician, in order to understand how Altamirano, represented as an 'indio puro' who underwent the transformation to mestizo, exemplifies the link between Mexico's colonial past and its struggle to define its national …
Fabrication And Characterization Of Synthetic Substrates For Use In Rigidity Cell Culture Studies Of Valvular Interstitial Cells For Aortic Valve Tissue Engineering, Alexander T. Leonard
Fabrication And Characterization Of Synthetic Substrates For Use In Rigidity Cell Culture Studies Of Valvular Interstitial Cells For Aortic Valve Tissue Engineering, Alexander T. Leonard
Chemical and Biological Engineering ETDs
More than 100,000 Americans each year undergo aortic valve (AV) replacement due to valve failure. An AV can become diseased, impairing the proper function of the valve. Common treatments for a defective valve are either replacement with a decellularized biologic or a synthetic valve. These treatments options are limited by short functional lifetime and thrombogenic surfaces. Tissue engineered heart valve will have the ability to integrate with the surrounding tissue as well as to repair and remodel. However, a greater understanding of valve cell biology is required to induce analogous tissue formation. A diseased valve is associated with stiffening of …
Bio+Terror: Science, Security, Simulation, Melanie Armstrong
Bio+Terror: Science, Security, Simulation, Melanie Armstrong
American Studies ETDs
The United States government has spent more than $125 billion since 2001 to prepare the nation for bioterrorism. This dissertation examines the emergence of bioterrorism as a credible threat in the contemporary moment, considering how the preparedness practices of the security state constitute new biopolitical formations. To explore how changing ways of knowing disease and risk are reshaping communities, this multi-sited study investigates the material outcomes of biosecurity in people's lives. It shows how complex histories of disease and terror are remade in the modern age to bring about new spaces and forms of biological citizenship.Through interview, observation and detailed …
Tragicidade - A Violenta Relação Entre As Diferentes Classes Sociais Nos Centros Urbanos Brasileiros E Sua Representação Na Literatura Contemporânea, Daniela Meireles
Tragicidade - A Violenta Relação Entre As Diferentes Classes Sociais Nos Centros Urbanos Brasileiros E Sua Representação Na Literatura Contemporânea, Daniela Meireles
Research Papers
O presente ensaio irá examinar a representaçäo da violência e segregaçäo urbana nos contos Solar dos Princípes' e 'Esquece' da coletânea Contos Negreiros (2005) e 'Angu de Sangue' e 'J.C.J.' da coletânea Angu de Sangue (2000) de Marcelino Freire. A análise será feita em busca de respostas para as seguintes perguntas: frente a exclusäo social e consequente negaçäo a plena cidadania, como se comportam os personagens dos contos analisados? O que esse comportamento revela sobre a vida em sociedade nos centros urbanos? O que os contos comentam sobre a cidadania?'
O Poder De Consumo Como Instrumento Da Cidadania Verde Em Human Festa (2008), De Regina Rheda, Danielle Murta De Laborde Affonso
O Poder De Consumo Como Instrumento Da Cidadania Verde Em Human Festa (2008), De Regina Rheda, Danielle Murta De Laborde Affonso
Research Papers
O veganismo reclama e difunde uma forma de cidadania na atualidade: a cidadania verde, tópico efervescente em variados campos de estudo e tema principal de Humana Festa (2008) da escritora brasileira Regina Rheda. Através do posicionamento vegano de alguns personagens, relações comportamentais se (con)fundem entre certo' e 'errado'. Além do fator moral do qual o veganismo é imbuído, o poder de consumo é outro pilar no qual esta cidadania se apoia. O romance conta com personagens de níveis intelectuais e sociais distintos, trazendo diferentes respostas às práticas veganas, cada qual de acordo com sua realidade social e poder aquisitivo. Este …
Políticas Y Cultura En La Última Argentina Autoritaria: Estado Y Teatro Entre 1976 Y 1983, Leonardo Mangialavori, Miguel Barrientos
Políticas Y Cultura En La Última Argentina Autoritaria: Estado Y Teatro Entre 1976 Y 1983, Leonardo Mangialavori, Miguel Barrientos
Research Papers
El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las relaciones que se dieron en el desarrollo de la producción teatral y las herramientas con las que contó el Estado Argentino para el fortalecimiento de una identidad nacional durante el Proceso de Reorganización Nacional' (1976-83). \xbfCómo operó el Estado en relación a las artes y cómo éstas respondieron? Concientes del papel que juega la cultura en el desarrollo de la identidad colectiva, intentaremos observar la acción y omisión que el Estado impuso en una de las disciplinas más significativas y quizás menos exploradas: el teatro.'
Inquisitive Objects: Material Culture And Conversos In Early Modern Ciudad Real, Jessica Weiss
Inquisitive Objects: Material Culture And Conversos In Early Modern Ciudad Real, Jessica Weiss
Research Papers
Between 1483 and 1526, one-hundred and twenty-four trials were conducted by the Spanish Inquisition against conversos in Ciudad Real. The notarial records from these trials contain a multitude of references to material culture, including sculpted artworks, candles, and effigies. This essay analyzes the references to materiality utilized in arraignments, witness testimonies, and verdicts, and then correlates them to broader constructions of cultural identity. These references reveal a pre-modern animistic world view in which objects both shape and are shaped by their participation as active agents in religious ritual.
El Pensamiento Intelectual Comunista En Argentina: Una Relectura De Héctor P. Agosti Y Su Introducción Al Pensamiento De Gramsci, Alexia Massholder
El Pensamiento Intelectual Comunista En Argentina: Una Relectura De Héctor P. Agosti Y Su Introducción Al Pensamiento De Gramsci, Alexia Massholder
Research Papers
Uno de los efectos de la llamada Guerra Fría' iniciada a mediados de la década de 1940, fue el recrudecimiento de las posiciones soviéticas y norteamericanas en todos los frentes. La contienda en el plano ideológico cobró un carácter central y explícito, ejerciendo una fuerte influencia en quienes apoyaban a ambos contendientes. En ese contexto, el informe de Andrei Zhdanov sobre arte y literatura ante el Partido Comunista de la Unión Soviética resonó en los partidos comunistas que, lógicamente, se alineaban con la Unión Soviética. El Partido Comunista de la Argentina (PCA) sintió los efectos de este informe en el …
Los Tres Grandes - Herman Gallegos, Ernesto Galarza, Julian Samora: Rooted In Community, Guided By Friendship, Cultivating Leadership., Carmen R. Samora
Los Tres Grandes - Herman Gallegos, Ernesto Galarza, Julian Samora: Rooted In Community, Guided By Friendship, Cultivating Leadership., Carmen R. Samora
American Studies ETDs
Los Tres Grandes, Ernesto Galarza, Herman Gallegos, and Julian Samora, fused intellectual constructs and grassroots strategies to reverse the societal dynamics they understood had marginalized Mexican Americans at both governmental and social levels. In 1968, the three scholar/activists launched the Southwest Council of La Raza (SWCLR), which four years later became the National Council of La Raza. My dissertation explores the relationship of these three men, a nexus of history and personality that launched what became the largest civil rights organization for Latinos in the United States. At a time when foundations earmarked minority support primarily for African Americans, Los …
Oxygen Isotopes In Diatom Silica : A New Understanding Of Silica-Water Oxygen Isotope Fractionation In Diatom Frustules And An Application Of Diatom D180 Values As A Record Of Paleohydrologic Variability In A Middle-Pleistocene Lacrustine Core From The Valles Caldera, New Mexico, Justin Dodd
Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs
I present oxygen isotope data from modern diatom frustules that were collected from freshwater systems in the Jemez Mountains of northern New Mexico. The frustules display a constant silica-water fractionation over the measured temperature range (5.1 to 37.8°C) regardless of species. This relationship is in close agreement with other published silica-water fractionation factors for laboratory cultured diatom samples; however, it is as much as 8° lower than equilibrium quartz-water fractionations and 3 to 4° lower than observed silica water fractionations in diatomaceous silica collected from sediment traps and sediment cores. Post mortem loss of organic material results in an alteration …
Land, Gender, And The Politics Of Identity Formation: Uncovering Hispana/Mexicana Voices In The Southwest, Karen R. Roybal
Land, Gender, And The Politics Of Identity Formation: Uncovering Hispana/Mexicana Voices In The Southwest, Karen R. Roybal
American Studies ETDs
The southwestern United States has an exceptional history that makes the region a prime focus for study concentrating on culture, tradition, language and land. As an area closely tied to the concept of conquest, the Southwest has had its share of issues related to colonization, imperialism, Manifest Destiny, and cultural erasure. This study focuses on the Southwest as a region that is closely linked to the land as it relates to the formation of identities of its people. Mexican Americans in the Southwest have historically experienced struggle, particularly after 1848 and the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, when …
Imagining The Saints: Representations Of Mormonism In American Culture, Jeremy R. Ricketts
Imagining The Saints: Representations Of Mormonism In American Culture, Jeremy R. Ricketts
American Studies ETDs
The purpose of this dissertation is to address how representations of Mormons in American culture reveal not only key aspects of the history of Mormonism in America but also tell us a great deal about American life and thought since the founding of the religion in 1830 to the present day (2011). Representations are powerful vehicles for creating, shaping, reflecting, and naturalizing society's understanding of religious institutions and revealing cultural concerns and anxieties, and the methodology of this dissertation thus focuses on interdisciplinary analytical critiques of diverse texts to better elucidate the complicated but deeply intertwined history of the Mormon …
Hollywood's Other America: Neoliberalism, Us Hegemony, And The Construction Of An Imaginative Geography Of The Americas In Contemporary Us Film, Brent Smith
Foreign Languages & Literatures ETDs
This thesis explores the production of Latin America as a space in Hollywood films in the context of neoliberal hegemony and the shifting power relations of late capitalist globalization. Drawing on Edward Said's notion of 'imaginative geographies' I examine the way in which Hollywood representations of Latin America have constructed a spatio-temporal imaginative geography of the Americas that structures US knowledge of Latin America, arguing that these representations form part of a neocolonial discourse that legitimates neoliberal economic expansion and direct US military or political intervention in Latin America. In contemporary US film, this geographic imaginary is produced through representations …
Evoking Visual Imagination In Teaching Writing: Esl Students' Perspectives, Izabella Kovarzina
Evoking Visual Imagination In Teaching Writing: Esl Students' Perspectives, Izabella Kovarzina
Language, Literacy, and Sociocultural Studies ETDs
This study examines the relationship between encouraging visual imagination and ESL (English as a Second Language) writing performance. It was designed as a onesemester case study of two groups: high-intermediate and intermediate ESL writers, using a series of pre-writing activities designed to stimulate visual imagination. As an investigation of imagination across different cultures and languages, this study is intended to shed new light on the role of visual imagination in ESL writing instruction. The data collected in this qualitative research study included four principal methods: 1) participants essay assignments exploring different writing topics throughout the 16-week semester; 2) participants' reflection …
Lasting Marks: The Legacy Of Robin Cassacinamon And The Survival Of The Mashantucket Pequot Nation, Shawn Wiemann
Lasting Marks: The Legacy Of Robin Cassacinamon And The Survival Of The Mashantucket Pequot Nation, Shawn Wiemann
History ETDs
My dissertation is a political and cultural history of seventeenth-century Anglo-Algonquian New England. Between the Pequot War of 1637 and King Philips War in 1675-76, a covalent Anglo-Algonquian society existed in New England. This created conditions which allowed the Pequots to reconstitute their communities after the devastation of the Pequot War. Robin Cassacinamon was instrumental in this process. His skills as an interpreter, diplomat, intermediary, and community leader connected Cassacinamon to the surviving Pequots and to important regional Algonquian and Puritan figures of the time. Cassacinamon became Pequot sachem, leading his people until his death in 1692. His work provided …
Exploring The Experiences Of African American Students With Learning Disabilities In The Post-Secondary Setting, George Williams Jr
Exploring The Experiences Of African American Students With Learning Disabilities In The Post-Secondary Setting, George Williams Jr
Special Education ETDs
During the last 50 years, the overrepresentation of students from African American decent in special education programs has engendered much concern within the education community. In addition, the problem of disproportionate representation of African American students in special education exists in American society as a whole. Given these statistics, little information is available on the perceptions and experiences of African American students with learning disabilities (LD) as they enter higher education. The review of literature indicates that the body of research lacks the voices of African American students with LD in higher education. Lack of research in this area puts …
Obama's Presidential (Mixed) Race: Framing And Ideological Analysis Of Blogs And News, Iliana Rucker
Obama's Presidential (Mixed) Race: Framing And Ideological Analysis Of Blogs And News, Iliana Rucker
Communication ETDs
The election of Barack Obama as President of the United States brought a heightened awareness to the role of race and produced speculation about the idealized notion of the achievement of a post-racial United States. This dissertation examined mediated conversations on mixed race identity in response to some of the significant events in the Obama campaign and the first months of the Obama presidency. Specifically, this study examined the ways that newspapers and blogs construct discourses about race, mixed race, and racism. Further, I explored the biological, legal, and social implications as they relate to current constructions of mixed-race identity. …
Miniature Nation Building: Model Railroading And The Dialectics Of Scale In Post-Wwii America, Ivan Weber
Miniature Nation Building: Model Railroading And The Dialectics Of Scale In Post-Wwii America, Ivan Weber
American Studies ETDs
This thesis advances a critical understanding of how scale informs the production and consumption of the American nation, and it makes a foray into Marxist critical analysis by integrating the theoretical and methodological objectives of historical materialism with the multiple, dialectically construed dimensionalities of scale. The hobby of model railroading serves as the case study for this analysis, and the dialectics of scale as the theoretical apparatus with which this analysis is articulated. The central argument of the thesis is that the model railroad hobby builds the nation, in miniature, through the continual regeneration of American masculinity, the traditional American …
Hearts, Bellies, And The Hunger Of Heroes: Intertraditional Agonistic Discourse Between The Iliad And Odyssey, Israel Mcmullin
Hearts, Bellies, And The Hunger Of Heroes: Intertraditional Agonistic Discourse Between The Iliad And Odyssey, Israel Mcmullin
Foreign Languages & Literatures ETDs
Within this thesis I argue that the Iliad and Odyssey, as representatives of sub-genres within the larger archaic Greek epic tradition, engage in a shared agonistic discourse with one another in order to demonstrate that the hero of each epic is superior to that of its competitor. In order to trace this agonistic discourse, I examine the manner in which each epic employs the terms thumos, 'heart,' and gaster, 'belly,' to define itself in opposition to its competing epic sub-genre. Traditionally scholars have considered the Odyssey the more recent of the two epics and, thus, relying upon the Iliad. However, …
A New Language For Heroes: Odysseus, Ajax, And Sophistic Language In Attic Tragedy, Scott Barnard
A New Language For Heroes: Odysseus, Ajax, And Sophistic Language In Attic Tragedy, Scott Barnard
Foreign Languages & Literatures ETDs
My objective in this project is to explore the ways in which the Homeric figures of Odysseus and Ajax are reinterpreted for the tragic stage by Sophocles and Euripides, with particular emphasis on the presence of marked sophistic modes and values of speech. My thesis begins with an overview of the sophistic movement and a discussion of the philosophical and stylistic tenets of sophism. Based on these, I theorize that during fifth century Be a civic anxiety over the power of sophistic rhetoric develops in Athens and finds unique expression in tragic poetry. Next, I define the particular rhetorical styles …
Forms And Fragments: Enactment Of Cultural Identification In An Online Community Of Chinese Living Overseas, Haibin Dong
Forms And Fragments: Enactment Of Cultural Identification In An Online Community Of Chinese Living Overseas, Haibin Dong
Communication ETDs
This research is an interpretive study of the dynamics of cultural identification as enacted by Chinese individuals living overseas who participate in a virtual online community known as Wenxuecity.com. The study draws on intercultural communication theories of identity proposed by Carbaugh, Collier, and Hecht, as well as on my own integrative framework for the analysis of cultural identity, to explore the self-other interaction in identity enactment, the multidimensionality of identity, and the centrality of communication in processes of identification. Through the application of a qualitative analysis of online discourse, I found three primary forms of cultural identification-- perceptual, strategic, and …