Digital Commons Network^™

Methods For Efficient Computation Of Neutron Multiplicity Distributions And Snm Sample Characterization, Jawad Ribhi Moussa

Nuclear Engineering ETDs

This dissertation advances neutron multiplicity counting (NMC) by developing a hierarchy of computational methods that combine deterministic and stochastic techniques with modern machine learning for improved special nuclear material (SNM) characterization. A system state-updating Monte Carlo method is introduced in addition to a dynamic point kinetic model based on a backward Master equation (BME) formulation. These models, along with newly developed distribution reconstruction methods, enable more efficient computation of neutron count distributions in a fixed detector time-gate. NMC limitations associated with finite-size and neutron phase effects are also addressed by extending the BME model to account for time-gated neutron count …

Ms4 Swmpp 2024, National Technology & Engineering Solutions Of Sandia, Llc (Ntess) And Department Of Energy (Doe)

Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) Permit

Stormwater discharges from Sandia National Laboratories/New Mexico (SNL/NM) are eligible for coverage under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) Permit. This Stormwater Management Plan (SWMP) was prepared by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia (NTESS) for the Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Sandia Field Office (SFO), owner of SNL/NM, located in Albuquerque, NM.

The Cubic Bipolar Neutrosophic Sets Theory And Uncertainty Management In Environmental Data Analysis, A. A. Salama, Huda E. Khalid, Ahmed G. Mabrouk

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Environmental data analysis often faces uncertainties in measurements. Cubic Bipolar Neutrosophic Sets (CBN Sets) provide a powerful framework to address this challenge. This paper explores the mathematical foundations of CBN Sets and highlights their practical applications through illustrative examples. We demonstrate how CBN Sets effectively capture varying degrees of certainty, possibility, and impermanence in environmental parameters. The concept of inclusion relations facilitates comparisons and information fusion. Fundamental set operations (intersection, union, complement) are explored for manipulating and analyzing uncertain environmental data. We present the application of CBN Sets in water quality assessment, highlighting their ability to analyze parameters while accounting …

Unveiling Big Data Insights: A Neutrosophic Classification Approach For Enhanced Prediction With Machine Learning, Ahmed Z.M. Elsherif, A. A. Salama, O. M. Khaled, Mostafa Herajy, E. I. Elsedimy, Huda E. Khalid, Ahmed K. Essa

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The ever-growing volume and complexity of Big Data pose challenges for traditional classification tasks. This paper explores the potential of Neutrosophic Sets (NS), a powerful framework for handling uncertainty, in building robust classification models for Big Data prediction using Machine Learning (ML) techniques. We provide a detailed background on NS and discuss its advantages over Fuzzy Sets. We then propose a methodology that integrates NS with relevant ML algorithms for classification. We evaluate the performance of our Neutrosophic-based model on a Big Data source. The results are analyzed to assess the effectiveness of the Neutrosophic approach for Big Data prediction. …

Evaluating The Nuclear Power Plant Safety System Under Neutrosophic Environment, Debapriya Mondal, Totan Garai, Gopal Chandra Roy, Shariful Alam

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The safety system of nuclear power plants is very crucial for protecting the environment and the living world. In this article, we have addressed the nuclear power plant safety system in a neutrosophic environment. Here, we have mathematically presented a nuclear power plant safety system in terms of neutrosophic differential equations. We have thoroughly examined and discussed both analytically and numerically the solution of the nuclear power plant safety model considering the underlying model parameter as single-valued triangular neutrosophic number. We have focused to find out probability of the nuclear power plant’s safety system working normally and shutdown in safe …

A Novel Medical Image Segmentation Using Neutrosophic Sets With Slope Variation, Sangeeta K Siri, S Pramod Kumar, Mrityunjaya V. Latte

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Computer-Aided Diagnostic methods demand the precise segmentation of medical images. The important stage in diagnosis is the extraction of the Region of Interest (ROI). Illustration of the image in a more meaningful way is the aim of segmentation. Segmentation finds extensive use in computer vision, object recognition, image recovery based on the content, etc. In the proposed model, Slope Variation Scatter (SVS) plot of image is obtained to compute vertices of Neutrosophic Gaussian Function (NGF). The SVS describes global variation rate of image histogram. In this, the crests represent local mean of pixels/ certainty mean and valleys represents uncertainty mean. …

Dissenting Opinion?, Richard Collins

Tribal Law Journal

Johnson v. M’Intosh is important for its extensive description of the racist Doctrine of Discovery. But its holding had no bearing on legal rights of American Indian nations. The opinion’s articulation of tribal rights to land ownership and retained sovereignty were correctly stated.

Environmental Justice Is A Civil Rights Issue, Secretary Deb Haaland

Tribal Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Nakomidizo: An Anishinaabe Law Response To Two-Hundred Years Of Johnson V. M’Intosh And The Doctrines Of Discovery And Implicit Divesture, Kekek Jason Stark

Tribal Law Journal

Responding to the history involved in the establishment and perpetuation of the doctrines of discovery and implicit divesture, this article critiques how federal Indian law has been developed to support the diminishment of tribal sovereignty through the perpetuation of historical assimilation policies. In response, this article will show that the diminishment of tribal sovereignty through the perpetuation of historical assimilation policies can be overcome with the effective implementation of tribal law principles. To counter the narrative of diminished sovereignty, I offer an understanding of the trust responsibility from an Anishinaabe law perspective. In particular, the revitalization of tribal law through …

Crustal Structure And Evolution Of The Queen Charlotte Plate Boundary, Collin C. Brandl

Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs

There are many outstanding questions in plate tectonics that remain unanswered because large regions of the Earth are unexplored, both at the surface and in the subsurface. In this dissertation, I processed and analyzed active source seismic reflection data from the historically understudied Queen Charlotte transform plate boundary. Using this dataset, I found that the southern segment of the plate boundary has active underthrusting, is analogous to subduction zone crustal slivers, and is a site of early subduction initiation. Along the entire plate boundary, I constrained the near-surface thermal gradient using the stability of gas hydrate, finding that it is …

Narratives On Nepal’S Coalition Politics, Ashis Adhikary

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

On 2nd July 2024, the Communist Party of Nepal- United Marxist Leninist (UML) struck a power-sharing deal with its earlier nemesis, the Nepali Congress (NC), and formed a new coalition. Surprisingly, UML left its ruling ally, the Maoist Center (MC) barely four months after joining hands. Coalition politics in Nepal ages old but this newly formed coalition nonplussed the analyst and political sphere. There are scattered and obstinate market narratives regarding this coalition. A gap exists in thematically framing those narrations. Therefore, this paper thematically presents those scattered narrations under three levels: individual, state, and system. At the individual level, …

The Complexity Of American Federalism, Christian G. Fritz

Faculty Scholarship

For the Balkinization Symposium on Alison L. LaCroix, The Interbellum Constitution: Union, Commerce, and Slavery in the Age of Federalisms (Yale University Press, 2024).

Alison LaCroix’s insightful new book, The Interbellum Constitution, builds on an often-overlooked fact: that Americans living before the Civil War did not know they were part of an “antebellum” period. That oversight has contributed to a conventional narrative of constitutional history and doctrine during the first half of the nineteenth-century that tends to read that history and doctrine backwards through the lens of a war that contemporaries did not know would define them. From this …

Diagnosing Liposarcoma On (Peri)-Renal Mass Biopsy: A Clinicopathological Study Of 30 Cases, Susan K. Potterveld, Aysha Mubeen, William J. Anderson, Michael R. Clay, Melanie Bourgeau, Gregory W. Charville, Ankur R. Sangoi

Pathology Research and Scholarship

AIMS: Classification of renal neoplasms on small tissue biopsies is in increasing demand, and maintaining broad differential diagnostic considerations in this setting is necessary. When evaluating a renal or perirenal tumour biopsy with sarcomatoid morphology, together with sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma and sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma as top diagnostic considerations, it is vital to additionally consider the possibility of well-differentiated and de-differentiated liposarcoma.

METHODS AND RESULTS: This study reports a series of 30 biopsy samples from sites in or around the kidney collected from four institutions in which the correct diagnosis was either well-differentiated or de-differentiated liposarcoma. The majority (26 of …

Teachers’ Self-Reported Practices Of Teaching Academic Writing In Pakistani Universities, Hafiz Yar

Language, Literacy, and Sociocultural Studies ETDs

This study has explored teachers’ self-reported practices of teaching academic writing in Pakistani universities. The English language based developmental literacy courses in Pakistani undergraduate degrees are offered as part of the curricula rather than through specialized language centers. The three-course progression of developmental English literacy in Pakistani undergraduate curricula aims to develop academic writing proficiency besides effective business communication and technical report writing skills.

This study has used generic qualitative research methodology (Caelli et al., 2003; Kahlke, 2014; Kostere & Kostere, 2021), snowball sampling for participant recruitment, and a combination of survey and one-to-one semi structured interviews for data collection. …

Engineered Nucleic-Acid Binding Intrinsically Disordered Proteins For Biomedical Applications, Telmo Diez Perez

Biomedical Engineering ETDs

This dissertation explores the use of intrinsically disorder proteins (IDPs) in biomedical applications related to the detection and biosensing of nucleic-acid species. We engineer several low critical solution temperature (LCST) nucleic-acid binding elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) as model IDPs and study their potential in biomedical application via interactions with short single-stranded (ss) DNA, tRNA and viral RNAs. First, we engineer a simple polycationic ELP capable of recruiting DNA on demand in a DNA-protein-rich condensate via LLPS. Moreover, we develop a modified Flory-Huggins theory to quantify the partitioning of DNA and protein upon coacervate formation with and without salts. We then design …

An Adaptive Neutrosophic Large Neighborhood Search And Its Application, Jun Jiang, Fangwei Zhang, Yiying Pan, Rui Wang, Zhu Han

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

the improvement degree in the new solution, which causes fuzziness and uncertainty in the operator score. To solve the aforementioned problem, the main innovation of this study is to propose an adaptive neutrosophic large neighborhood search (ANLNS). Specifically, the main work is as follows. Firstly, the number of times each operator scores are quantified by constructing NSs, thereby analyzing algorithm performance and preventing the idealization of scores. Secondly, a novel neutrosophic utility function and score function are proposed to assign an appropriate score for the operator within a reasonable interval. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed ANLNS is …

New Neutrosophic Sentiment Analysis Method Based On Neutroalgebra For The Evaluation Of Ethics In Companies, Lilia Esther Valencia Cruzaty, Adriana Mercedes Ruiz Reynoso, Blanca Estela Hernández Boni-Lla

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Ethics is a discipline that has broken the limits of its field of study, which is related to having the right behavior towards other people, but also to respect nature and life. This has been extended to the accounting and organizational management of companies. This paper proposes a sentiment analysis method based on the NeutroGroup obtained from offuninorms defined by the combining functions in Prospector. The advantage of the proposed method is that in addition to "like" and "dislike", we obtain a result of indeterminacy that can be due either to neutrality or to a contradiction in the short informal …

Assessment Of Three Strategies For Teaching An Ai Literacy Program, Based On A Neutrosophic 2-Tuple Linguistic Mod-El Hybridized With The Aras Method, Víctor Gustavo Gómez-Rodríguez, Raidell Avello-Martínez, Tomasz Gajderowicz, Noemí Bá-Rbara Delgado Álvarez, Johanna Irene Escobar Jara, Noel Batista Hernández, Segress García Hevia, Daniel D. Iturburu Salvador

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study analyzes some general Artificial Intelligence competency frameworks, aimed at teachers, and it proposes a comprehensive Artificial Intelligence literacy training program, designed to develop in university teachers the necessary skills to integrate Artificial Intelligence into their curricula and research. Through a mixed theoretical-practical approach, the program addresses the gaps identified in the existing literature. The program covers the foundations of Artificial Intelligence to its specific application in teaching, highlighting ethical aspects, critical thinking, and its integration into pedagogy. Based on frameworks such as DigiComEdu, the program is presented as a strategic response to empower teachers, ensuring their preparation to …

Periodic Information Leakage Fault Detection On A Risc-V Microprocessor, Idris Somoye

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

The execution behavior of a Microprocessor (μP) in the presence of a fault is difficult to predict because of the complex interactions across pipeline stages and between functional units within the architecture. Fault effects are known to not introduce any type of anomaly in the input-output behavior for 10s of thousands to millions of clock cycles. These characteristics increase the difficulty of evaluating μP architectures for resilience to information leakage events, i.e., scenarios where a fault causes sensitive data such as an encryption key to be inadvertently diverted to a primary output channel. This dissertation explores two promising strategies for …

Secondary Electron Yield Of Metals, Alloys, And Metal Oxides From First Principles Based Monte Carlo Simulations, Raul E. Gutierrez

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Density Functional Theory (DFT) based Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the Sec-
ondary Electron Yield (SEY) of metals, alloys, and metal oxides are performed to
find material properties that could help reduce or influence the multipactor effect.
In order to accurately model the SEY of materials, knowledge of the frequency- and
momentum-dependent Energy Loss Function (qDepELF) is required. The qDepELF
is difficult to determine from experiment; however, it can be calculated from first
principles. The DFT-MC approach for simulating the secondary electron genera-
tion, propagation, and emission processes is described herein. Material properties,
which are calculated using DFT and used …

Visualization Of Species Tree Likelihood Under The Multispecies Coalescent Model, Jaimasan Sutton

Mathematics & Statistics ETDs

A commonly used tool for evolutionary biologists is a phylogenetic tree that represents the ancestry of a set of species and the evolution of traits. Statistical models can be used to predict the probabilities of gene trees which represent ancestral relationships of genes sampled from species. Because of this, we are able to represent the likelihood of a species tree, which represents the evolutionary history of a set of species, as a function of the counts of gene tree topologies, where each gene tree represents the ancestry of a specific genetic locus for multiple species. Because we can represent these …

Mixed Potential Sensor For Natural Gas Leak Detection Design, Manufacturing, And Simulation, Sleight Halley

Chemical and Biological Engineering ETDs

There is a need for a low-cost robust sensor accurately detecting leaks from oil and gas infrastructure. This work presents the development of an electrochemical sensor based on an yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte with La_0.87Sr_0.13CrO₃, Indium Tin Oxide (In₂O₃ 90 wt%, SnO₂ 10 wt%), Au, Pt electrodes. Selectivity to target gasses of the three sensing electrodes in conjunction with machine learning allows for the accurate discrimination between possible methane sources as well as the quantification of methane concentration. Sensor sensitivity is improved through a low-ionic conductivity substrate of magnesia …

Adaptive Immune Profiling Of Sin Nombre Hantavirus And Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection, Tonilynn M. Baranowski

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Hantaviruses are causative agents of potentially fatal respiratory illness and/or organ failure in humans worldwide. In the United States, the predominant hantavirus species, Sin Nombre hantavirus (SNV), causes a severe disease pathology, called hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). Infection with SNV and subsequent clinical manifestations of HCPS lends itself to case fatality rates approaching 40%, even under supportive care. This is partially due to the lack of FDA-approved vaccines and antivirals, in addition to a deficit in our knowledge regarding the human immune response to SNV. Further investigation of the adaptive immune response may reveal key targets to mediate disease outcome. …

The Feasibility Of An Acute Bout Of High Intensity Interval Vs Continuous Moderate-Intensity Exercise On Cognition In Chronic Stroke Patients, Anna M. Welch, Marissa Ramirez, Christine Mermier, Flavio De Castro Magalhaes, Jessia D. Richardson, Alyssa Bailly, Terence Moriarty

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the feasibility of chronic stroke patients safely completing an acute 30-minute session of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) compared to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (MIE) on a treadmill, with a focus on cognitive outcomes. Design: This feasibility study utilized a randomized controlled crossover trial with two experimental sessions separated by at least 7 days to minimize practice effects on cognitive assessments. Subjects: Five chronic stroke survivors (m=4, f=1) participated in two randomly assigned experimental sessions (n=5, 60.4 ± 11.3 years, 39.8 ± 41.4% body fat, 32.7±6.3 body mass index [kg/m²])., either a …

Negation In Dene Languages, Cormac League

Linguistics ETDs

This thesis uses a typologically informed approach to investigate the strategies used for negation in Dene languages. This study illuminates aspects of the development of negation by examining the complex interplay between the lexical forms and morphosyntactic strategies employed to encode negative polarity in declarative and prohibitive constructions. The theoretical frameworks of the Jespersen Cycle and the Negative Existential Cycle are utilized to discuss negators in relation to their possible origins. Particular attention is given to the Pacific Coast and Southern Dene languages to propose an origin for the bipartite negation strategies used in the later. Through examination of synchronic …

Tuning Of Real-Time Optimization Of Heliostat Concentrated Solar Power, Zachary L. Bernius

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

This paper investigates a real-time optimization algorithm for autonomously calibrating the heliostats in a concentrated solar power plant with the goal of maximizing power generation. The current state-of-the-art uses human operators to provide feedback for the heliostats. We use real-time/online measurements to produce an autonomous closed-loop system that does not require human intervention. The paper investigates tuning the gain of the real-time optimization algorithm to quickly and robustly converge to the optimal alignment and stabilize the system. The exponential stability of the system is certified using a quadratic Lyapunov function and static output feedback methods to couple the Lyapunov functions …

Unequal Neighbors In Diverse Neighborhoods: Accounting For Variation In The Impact Of Relative Inequality On Neighborhood Crime, Samuel A. Torres

Sociology ETDs

Research demonstrates that crime rate differences across racially segregated urban communities are primarily attributable to uneven distributions of resources between neighborhoods. Less is known about the role economic inequality within neighborhoods, what I call relative inequality, plays in maintaining ethno-racial criminal disparities. In this dissertation I explore sources of variation in the impact of relative inequality on neighborhood crime by drawing on data from the 2010-2013 National Neighborhood Crime Study Panel (NNCS2-P). I find that relative inequality effects are attenuated in higher disadvantage neighborhoods and this interaction accounts for differences in effect size by neighborhood ethno-racial composition. Results also show …

Understanding Longitudinal Top-Down Cracking To Enhance Asphalt Mix Design, Md Mehedi Hasan

Civil Engineering ETDs

This study focuses on developing a deformation rate-dependent bilinear constitutive equation for cohesive zone modeling of asphalt concrete's fracture process zone to accurately predict the longitudinal top-down crack initiation and propagation. A mathematical model has been developed for the AC materials' deformation rate-dependent cohesive zone fracture characteristics and incorporated into the ABAQUS software as a customized user element subroutine (UEL). The developed model has been validated by comparing the simulation results with the laboratory test results, which show good agreement with the results. In addition, an enhanced asphalt mix design approach, referred to as SP5, has been developed to mitigate …

Evaluation Of Machine Learning Algorithms And Statistical Analysis For Predicting Crash Severity And Determining Contributing Factors: A Comparative Study, Arian Golrokh Amin

Civil Engineering ETDs

Improving road traffic safety relies on the ability to accurately predict traffic crashes and understand the factors contributing to severe injuries. This study employs a dual approach, utilizing both statistical analysis and machine-learning methodologies. Initially, statistical analyses such as chi-squared tests and Cramer's V values are applied to a decade's worth of police report data from Albuquerque, New Mexico, to identify primary causal factors behind crashes. Subsequently, machine-learning models are developed and rigorously compared to predict the severity of traffic crash injuries. The selection of the most effective algorithm is based on comprehensive metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 …

Differential River Incision Due To Quaternary Faulting On The Río Jemez-Salado System At The Million-Year Timescale, Cameron Reed

Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs

Analysis of long-term average bedrock incision rates along the Río Salado-Jemez system using fluvial terraces can be used to test and quantify the hypothesis that differential river incision reflects Quaternary fault slip during ongoing uplift of the Jemez and Nacimiento Mountains. Terrace flights were correlated from the Arroyo Peñasco to the Río Salado near the southern nose of the Nacimiento and along the Río Jemez. Using highest/oldest river terraces, resulting bedrock incision values average out glacial/interglacial cycles and are interpreted to reflect differential uplift. For previously mapped and correlated terraces, we applied lidar datasets to refine strath heights. We also …