Digital Commons Network^™

Examining The Relationship Between Anxiety And Depression Symptoms, Protective Behavioral Strategies And Opioid Use Outcomes, Melissa Rose Hatch

Psychology ETDs

Protective behavioral strategies (PBS), behaviors individuals use to reduce negative consequences of substance use, have been shown to mediate and moderate the relationship between mental health and substance use outcomes. The present study aimed to examine the relationships between anxiety and depression symptoms and opioid PBS on risky opioid use and opioid-related consequences. Participants in this secondary data analysis were non-treatment seeking individuals who reported past-month opioid use (n=257). Structural equation modeling was used to examine 1) PBS as a mediator of the relationship between anxiety/depression symptoms and opioid use outcomes, and 2) anxiety/depression symptoms as a moderator …

A Reconfigurable Architecture For Matrix Multiplication For Low Power Applications, Jeffrey Love

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

This thesis presents a hardware architecture for performing matrix multiplication via a systolic array to reduce time complexity and power consumption. The proposed architecture, the Neural Network Accelerator (NNA), was designed in Verilog HDL to perform 8-bit multiplication to reduce the resources required to implement the NNA on low-power FPGAs. The NNA’s open architecture is designed to support radiation test for fault tolerant designs targeting space applications. Commercial hardware architecture information is not public knowledge, which led us to build our own matrix multiplication architecture so that we could later study its feasibility for space applications.

The NNA was compared …

The Quantum Computational Utility Of Symmetry-Protected Topological Order: From Near-Term Advantages To Universal Measurement-Based Quantum Computing, Austin Kevin Daniel

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

Quantum computers offer new avenues to approach difficult problems by taking advantage of the strange and often nonintuitive phenomena present in quantum physics. Though many quantum algorithms are believed or known to outperform the best known classical algorithms, the fundamental mechanism granting them their power remains elusive. In measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC), two key resources have been show to enable universal and provably nonclassical quantum computations, respectively. These are symmetry-protected topological order (SPTO), a notion describing a class of quantum magnets with hidden long-range correlations in their entanglement structure, and quantum contextuality, the fact that a quantum measurement outcome inherently …

Multi-Factor Disturbance Regimes Drive Soil Fungal Community Composition Across A Southwestern Us Riparian Cottonwood Landscape, Rich Wagner

Biology ETDs

In southwestern US riparian cottonwood forests, anthropogenic changes have replaced the structuring force of seasonal flooding with novel multi-factor disturbance regimes, driving these ecosystems to new states. While the impetus for restoration is high, little attention has been paid to understanding belowground feedbacks from these new drivers. Using high-throughput sequencing of environmental DNA, we compared the impacts of fires, exotic plants, restoration practices and lower levels of disturbance on soil fungal community composition and diversity across a riparian cottonwood landscape in New Mexico. We focused on mycorrhizal fungi for the benefits they may confer upon cottonwoods. We found that along …

Transcriptional Regulation Of Stem Cell Function In The Drosophila Central Nervous System, Amalia S. Parra

Biology ETDs

Development of multicellular organisms depends on coordination of various molecular mechanisms to ensure proper tissue size and structure. This is accomplished through intrinsic and extrinsic cues that regulate cell growth and proliferation both spatially and temporally. These well-coordinated signals are present from early developmental stages and remain active throughout development to ensure tissue structure is appropriate for function. This is particularly important in early cell types that form specialized lineages such as stem cells or those found throughout the body such as epithelia. While much progress has been made in understanding growth regulatory mechanisms, several fundamental aspects remain unknown. This …

Assessing Verbal Memory Task Performance And Intractable Epilepsy: The Associations Among Hippocampal Volume Ratio, Seizure Demographic Factors And Memory Indices, Alexis Gabrielle Burks

Psychology ETDs

Epilepsy affects 3.4 million people in the United States and may affect their memory performance. This study investigated the relationships between memory performance, hippocampal volume ratio, and demographic factors in adults with intractable epilepsy in standardized memory tasks and an experimental memory task designed to be repeated daily. Participants underwent electrode implantation surgery and completed comprehensive neuropsychological assessments prior to surgery including an experimental memory task during their stay in the hospital. Correlation, ANOVA, and regression analyses were completed. The standardized memory tasks and the experimental memory task were significantly correlated. Hippocampal volume ratio was not significantly correlated to memory …

Deformation At Uturuncu Volcano, Bolivia: Modeling The Effect Of Volatile Movement In The Hydrothermal System, Karissa Rosenberger

Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs

Deformation at volcanos is often a precursor to an eruption, but sometimes volcanos experience uplift without actually erupting. Determining the mechanisms behind this deformation and whether it will lead to an eruption is an important part of understanding volcanic systems. Uturuncu volcano in Bolivia has been experiencing deformation for decades, but the last time it erupted was 250,000 years ago. The reason behind this deformation is unknown, but one possible cause is volatiles moving into the hydrothermal system and getting trapped, causing the volume to increase and the surface to uplift. To test this hypothesis, the current volume change of …

Madm For Assessment The Nurses Knowledge And Their Attitudes During Covid-19 Spread In Mosul City In The Perspective Of Neutrosophic Environment, Ihsan H. Zainel, Huda E. Khalid

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Neutrosophic Hybrid Mcdm Framework To Evaluate The Risks Of Excavation System, Ahmed Abdel-Monem, Ahmed Abdelhafeez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Reading As A Social Practice: Using Retrospective Miscue Analysis To Understand Kichwa-Spanish Bilinguals’ Meaning Construction, Sandra Leonor Cabrera Moreno

Language, Literacy, and Sociocultural Studies ETDs

Meaning construction is a complex concept that encapsulates language and thought as a whole system in which sense and meaning have a unique relationship highly marked by the social and cultural environment of the reader. Hence, Kichwa-Spanish bilinguals’ reading practices in the Southern Andes of Ecuador cannot be discussed as two separate processes but as an integrated structure embedded in a speech community. This perspective of the bilingual mind is founded on Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory of learning in which language is a psychological tool that shapes and is shaped by our modes of thinking. This unification is a complex process …

The Impact Of Albuquerque’S Bus Rapid Transit System On Pedestrian Safety, Martina Mercure

Civil Engineering ETDs

This project will explore the impacts of several traffic safety countermeasures and roadway design changes on pedestrian safety along the Central Avenue corridor of Albuquerque, New Mexico. The motivation behind this research is the communities concern for the increase in pedestrian fatalities in the US and specifically New Mexico. The research will have a specific focus on pedestrian safety, but we will also address traffic safety outcomes for motor vehicle users and bicyclists. The City of Albuquerque has taken note of the traffic safety issues on Central Avenue and has implemented or is in the process of implementing several countermeasures …

Effectiveness Of A Question Formulation Rubric With Second-Year Medical Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Jonathan D. Eldredge, Melissa A. Schiff, Jens Langsjoen

Publications

OBJECTIVE: The FAC (Focus, Amplify, Compose) rubric for assessing medical students' question formulation skills normally accompanies our Evidence Based Practice (EBP) training. The combined training and assessment rubric have improved student scores significantly. How much does the rubric itself contribute to improved student scores? This study sought to measure student improvement using the rubric either with or without a linked 25-minute training session.

METHODS: Randomized Controlled Trial. The authors tested the hypothesis that a 25-minute training session combined with use of a rubric would lead to higher scores than a brief explanation of this rubric alone. All 72 participating second-year …

Update On Shoulder Arthroplasties With Emphasis On Imaging, Jennifer S. Weaver, Imran M. Omar, Nicholson S. Chadwick, Joanna L. Shechtel, Jamie M. Elifritz, Christopher L. Shultz, Mihra S. Taljanovic

Radiology Research and Scholarship

Shoulder pain and dysfunction may significantly impact quality of life. If conservative measures fail, advanced disease is frequently treated with shoulder arthroplasty, which is currently the third most common joint replacement surgery following the hip and knee. The main indications for shoulder arthroplasty include primary osteoarthritis, post-traumatic arthritis, inflammatory arthritis, osteonecrosis, proximal humeral fracture sequelae, severely dislocated proximal humeral fractures, and advanced rotator cuff disease. Several types of anatomic arthroplasties are available, such as humeral head resurfacing and hemiarthroplasties, as well as total anatomic arthroplasties. Reverse total shoulder arthroplasties, which reverse the normal ball-and-socket geometry of the shoulder, are also …

Mechanical Characterization Of Additively Manufactured Alloys Compared To Their Wrought Counterparts, Laith A. Alqawasmi

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

Additive manufacturing is a method of manufacturing based on building parts layer by layer, allowing for more control over shape of the product, therefore reducing machining costs, reducing material waste, faster production times and the ability to build complex engineering design that other manufacturing technologies won’t be able to produce. This research is on the tensile and indentation testing (following ASME standards) of 3D printed Ti-6Al-4V and Inconel 718 built by powder-based direct energy deposition technology. Ti-6Al-4V is an attractive material for the aerospace and aviation industry, and Inconel 718, a nickel-chromium based superalloy, is an attractive material for usage …

Revolutionize Respiratory Disease Treatment Using A Smart Dry Powder Inhaler, Mohammad Razmjoo, Taylor Gatten, Chad Sherwood, Jorell Phillips, Wilson Ramirez, Joshua Nguyen, Steven Santillan, Bryce Roberts, Amelia Bierle, Christian Slough, Dominic Thompson, Nathan Jackson, Pavan Muttil

Annual Research & Scholarship Day

No abstract provided.

"Azat, Ankakh, Artsakh": Music, Memory, And The Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, Sasha Linn Arteaga

Music ETDs

In this thesis, I examine a selection of music videos, from those created in 2015 at the centenary of the Armenian Genocide, to those created in response to the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, considered by Armenians to be a continuation of the Armenian Genocide. To the Armenian people, Nagorno-Karabakh is part of their ethnic homeland and has maintained a majority-Armenian population and separatist government backed by the Republic of Armenia since the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. I apply a music-as-text approach in this thesis, examining these music videos through examination of the visual, musical, and lyrical elements. I then analyze these videos …

Of A Different Mind: The Early Schelling And Problems In The Philosophy Of Mind, Marcel Lebow

Philosophy ETDs

This dissertation concerns the intersection between the early thinking of the 19^th century German idealist F.W.J. Schelling and some of the problems within the contemporary philosophy of mind. I aim to show that a study of Schelling’s work illuminates research paths still left open to us today when confronting the problems surrounding the mind’s place in the world. I provide an overview of the trajectory of Schelling’s early thought. I argue that while Schelling’s philosophy changes during the course of his career, each of his positions is concerned with establishing a foundationalist monism. I criticize versions of his view …

Ecological Impacts Of Invasive Crayfish In A Naïve Riparian System, Gregor L. Hamilton

Biology ETDs

Aquatic and riparian food webs are inextricably linked. In deserts, they provide critical energy subsidies to surrounding terrestrial food webs, but these vital subsidies are not guaranteed; streams in arid lands are especially sensitive to perturbations. In this dissertation, I investigated the role of an oft-cited threat to stream communities in the lower Colorado River basin: non-native crayfish. I contributed to methodologies in passive integrated transponder use and length-weight relationships in crayfish to aid future research. I leveraged stable isotope analysis of δ¹⁵N, δ¹³C, and δ²H to understand crayfish role in the food webs. …

Femtotesla Magnetometry And Nanoscale Imaging With Color Centers In Diamond, Yaser Silani

Optical Science and Engineering ETDs

Intriguing photophysical properties of color centers in diamond make them ideal candidates for many applications from imaging and sensing to quantum networking. In the first part of this work, we have studied the silicon vacancy (SiV) centers in diamond for nanoscale imaging applications. We showed that these centers are promising fluorophores for Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy, owing to their photostable, near-infrared emission and favorable photophysical properties. In the second part, we built a femtotesla Radio-Frequency (RF) magnetometer based on the diamond nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers and magnetic flux concentrators. We used this sensor to remotely detect Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance …

Disrupted Ambitions And Unmasked Identities: An Analysis Of Doubleness In Sylvia Plath’S The Bell Jar And Ralph Ellison’S Invisible Man In Cold War America, Laura Anderson

English Language and Literature ETDs

This thesis conducts a literary analysis on Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man (1952) and Sylvia Plath’s The Bell Jar (1963) with a primary investigation on the protagonists and their convergence of identity in Cold War America. One of the critical discourses evaluated throughout the project’s literary analysis includes the protagonists’ complications of doubleness. This essay argues that since these two texts sit between W.E.B DuBois’s “Double Consciousness” and Kimberlé Crenshaw’s 1988 theory on intersectionality, these protagonists are forced to contend with an identity crossroads. Secondary to the context of this analysis is the use of “post-war” and “Cold War,”; neither are …

Coaching Student Clinicians And Parents To Use Naturalistic Communication Techniques For Children With Signs Of Autism, Erin M. Gallegos

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

In this study, researchers implemented a short-term cascading coaching program focusing on naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions (NDBIs) with three participant triads consisting of a graduate student clinician, a minimally verbal child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or signs of ASD, and the child’s parent. The efficacy of several short-term instruction sessions, in-session coaching, and student clinician parent coaching was evaluated using a multiple baseline across interventionists design. The primary dependent variables were clinician and parent use of elicitation techniques, including creating communication temptations and prompting, and response techniques, including reinforcing child communication and using vocal models. Following targeting coaching, all …

To Seek Or Not To Seek? An Inquiry Into Feedback-Seeking Behavior Among Non-Clinical Healthcare Workers, Abigail R. Ortiz

Organization, Information and Learning Sciences ETDs

Understanding what motivates non-clinical healthcare workers to seek feedback in the workplace is critical in supporting such behavior within organizations. This study aims to answer the following research question “Why do non-clinical healthcare workers seek feedback in the workplace?” To conduct this study, I analyzed 13 semi-structured interviews with non-clinical healthcare workers. Findings confirmed the presence of four self-motives (self-assessment, self-improvement, self-enhancement, and self-verification). Additionally, study findings highlighted the presence of other-oriented motives, when individuals seek feedback due to their concern or care for others (i.e., patients, teams, and supervisors). The research also illustrated the interplay of self- and other-oriented …

3d Speaker Geometry Inference From Digital Video Using 2d Projective Geometry, Sebastian Alonso Janampa Rojas

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

The thesis discusses the need for a 3D world model reconstruction from raw video frames using 2D projective geometry. We propose a computer-aided approach to reconstructing a 3D speaker geometry from classroom videos of students learning Python.

The proposed method uses a transformer model to detect line candidates. Once the users identify lines corresponding to three orthogonal directions, the method computes the three vanishing points and the camera matrix. The method identifies the student’s mouths based on face landmark detection. After the estimates of the projections of the students’ mouths on the table are verified by the users, the proposed …

Understanding The Behavior Of Upper Subcritical Limit Calculations, Bobbi Riedel

Nuclear Engineering ETDs

This research consists of two comparison studies: the first study employed standard practices to characterize Upper Subcritical Limit (USL) estimation methods. A series of 33 neutronic systems that used standardized nuclear data and benchmark libraries were studied to compare the Whisper, TSURFER, and USLSTATS methods relative to a stochastic USL. USLs were also estimated for these 20 systems using the Whisper 1.1 code. Sensitivity data files were produced using MCNP6.2 and then used with the ORNL TSURFER and USLSTATS methods to estimate USLs for a cross-method USL comparison. The results show that USLs for each of the loosely coupled system …

Effect Of Recorded Maternal Voice On Quantitative Eeg In The Preterm Newborn, Meghan Groghan, Kate Cavanagh, Dawn Novak, Aaron Cardon

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: Despite continued advances in quality medical care for premature infants, neurodevelopmental delay remains one of the most common complications of prematurity. It is also known that early diagnosis and intervention for developmental delays leads to improved outcomes. More recently, quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) has shown potential as a prognostic tool for identifying delays in preterm infants but remains an underutilized assessment. Maternal voice exposure has positive effects on autonomic stability and feeding vigor/tolerance in preterm infants. This novel study aims to investigate the effects of recorded maternal voice on qEEG patterns in preterm neonates.

Methods: Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial …

Modification Of Existing Head Circumference Charts For New Mexico Native American Children, Myranda Robinson, Holly Jones, Sahana Ummadi, Julianne Olguin, Jewel Meyer-Hagen, Hangameh Pajer, James Botros, Ariana Barkley, Orrin Myers, Heather Spader

2023 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background

Current Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) growth charts are based on normative data that do not adequately represent the distinct pattern of head growth observed by providers for New Mexican Native American children.1 Therefore, Native American children with normal but larger head circumferences (HC), can be inaccurately diagnosed with macrocephaly and undergo unnecessary diagnostic workups.2 The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether HCs for Native American children in New Mexico distribute differently than established growth charts.

Methods

This is an IRB-approved retrospective chart review of all Native American well-child visits from ages …

Evaluation Of The Dynamic Vision Sensor’S Photoreceptor Circuit For Infrared Event-Based Sensing, Zinah M. Alsaad

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

For space surveillance applications, neuromorphic imaging is being studied as it may perform sensing and tracking tasks with less power and downstream datalink demand. The read-out of the event-based camera is made to only be sensitive to changes in the signals it receives from the photodetector, which results in a datastream of events indicating where and when changes in illumination occur. This is in contrast to the conventional framing camera, which produces images by essentially counting the electrons produced by light incident on each pixel’s photodetector. These cameras are commercially available with siliconbased detectors for applications involving visible wavelengths. However, …

Data-Driven Stochastic Optimal Control Using Hilbert Space Embeddings Of Distributions, Adam J. Thorpe

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Autonomous systems are increasingly being deployed in complex environments subject to real-world uncertainty. For such systems, it may be exceptionally difficult or even impossible to compute a simple mathematical model of the system--for instance due to the presence of human elements, complex mechanics or system dynamics, or learning-enabled components. Data-driven control has recently gained significant attention in this area, where observations taken from the system evolution are used to compute an implicit representation of the system that is amenable to analysis and control. However, data-driven algorithms for control present new challenges, and require new insights to enable their use. The …

Menetekel: Ishmael's Black Whale And The Semiotics Of Doom, Todd Tyner Cronkhite

English Language and Literature ETDs

This study employs the narrator of Moby Dick, Ishmael, as a focal critic to interpret several potential examples of ominous writing on the wall, or menetekel. It concludes that the message of such writing, owing primarily to its irrevocably deictic relationship with the surface it is written on, is fundamentally apocalyptic in nature, regardless of its explicit content. The physical walls of the “kingdom” are incorporated into the grammar of the menetekel as object, so that its elemental message, “I was here,” becomes not only an admission of criminal trespass, but also a direct threat to the current order and …

Ontogeny Of Sleeping Behaviour In Four Solitary Species Of Anolis Lizards, Joseph C. Barnett, Steven Poe

Biology ETDs

Despite the nearly ubiquitous nature of sleep in the animal kingdom, behavioural research on sleep has focused on a few model organisms and widespread behaviours studied in artificial laboratory settings. In this study, we examine the ontogeny of sleeping perch selection in four closely related species of arboreal lizard in situ. The study species each occupy similar habitats and share "solitary" ecology wherein potential lizard competitors are absent, thus providing four partially independent replicates with which to test hypotheses. We find that structural niche, analysed as perch height, varies by age and sex. Males sleep higher than females and adults …