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Characterizing The Traditional Fisheries Of Salary, Madagascar Within A Marine Protected Area, Caitlin R. Shanahan

Master's Theses and Capstones

Protected Areas are a tool used by the International Union Conservation of Nature (IUCN) to limit changes to and preserve important and fragile ecosystems, allowing varying permissible activities within their boundaries. Locally Managed Marine Areas (LMMAs) are a similar tool, but with a higher emphasis of community engagement in the planning process with community-based ownership and regulation. In Madagascar, there are both IUCN Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and LMMAs established to help conserve their high marine biodiversity and healthy reef systems. While the LMMAs and some of the MPAs permit sustainable fishing, it is unknown if the traditional, small-scale fisheries …

The Layer That Did Not Swim Away: Broadband Acoustic Discrimination And Characterization Of Ocean Stratification, Elizabeth Reed-Weidner

Doctoral Dissertations

Ocean stratification plays a critical role in many oceanographic processes. The magnitude of mixing between stable water masses is regulated, in part, by the intensity of stratification. As such, stratification modulates the vertical transport of heat and many important dissolved constituents in the water column, influencing such processes as ocean ventilation, and ocean heat and carbon uptake. As human induced climate change alters oceanic stratification a thorough understanding of its distribution and variability is critical in the study of the world’s oceans. However, traditional methods are limited in terms of spatial context and rapid, near-synoptic observational methods, such as those …

‘Unapologetically Vernacular’: A Study Of The Composing Process Of Youth Writing And Performing Slam And Spoken Word Poetry, Dennis Magliozzi

Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to examine the creative process and cultural resources youth poets use to generate poetry and inspire their own written material. This study is guided by the following two central research questions: In what ways do youth create their own poetry? In what ways do youth use cultural resources to inspire and develop their poetic work? This is a qualitative study that relies on three focal participants and utilizes Arts Based Educational Research (ABER) as a research strategy. After reviewing the data from participants, the following predominant themes present themselves for discussion: First, Process is …

Synthetic Approaches Towards [4]Triangulene., Md Al Faruk

Doctoral Dissertations

The [n]triangulenes (n = number of rings on a side) are a triangle-shaped class of polycyclic aromatic compounds that have been of interest for almost 100 years. Triangulenes are expected to be high-spin species with unusual electronic structures and with potential applications in molecular electronics. The first examples of simple triangulenes have been synthesized very recently by reactions on a surface and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Our research group has reported the solution phase synthesis and polymerization of [3]triangulene. This thesis describes approaches toward an efficient scalable synthesis of the little-known [4]triangulene ring system. Our synthetic plan, which …

A Strong-Qcd Regime Measurement Of The Proton’S Spin Structure, David Ruth

Doctoral Dissertations

The theory of the strong force, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) remains one of the mostimportant ways to understand the fundamental properties of ordinary matter. However, at low momentum transfer Q2, in the regime where the strong force becomes extremely strong, our understanding of QCD for ordinary nucleons becomes hazy. Several cutting edge theories such as Chiral Perturbation Theory (χPT) and Lattice QCD have provided valuable predictions in this regime, but Lattice QCD has not yet extended predictions of many important quantities to this kinematic region, and Chiral Perturbation Theory has faced several important disagreements with experimental data for the neutron over …

Multi-Level Characterization Of Plasticity, Fracture, And Phase Transformation In Metals With Hexagonal Close-Packed Structure, Evgenii Vasilev

Doctoral Dissertations

In this thesis, contributions to characterization of plasticity, fracture, and phase transformation in metals with hexagonal close-packed structure are presented. First, the structure-properties correlations are established for Mg-1.3Zn-0.4Ca-0.4Mn and Mg-1.5Nd alloys. Next, the role of microstructural features such as gran/twin boundaries in the development of damage and fracture in magnesium is discussed. Then, a structure metric for quantitative assessment of fracture is developed and validated on magnesium and titanium alloys. Experimental studies on plasticity are followed by crystal plasticity modelling of Taylor impact test on zirconium to correlate experimental and predicted evolution of microstructure and shape change. Finally, a phase …

Ionospheric O+ And H+ Outflow During Geomagnetic Storms, Niloufar Nowrouzi

Doctoral Dissertations

A geomagnetic storm begins when solar wind carrying southward IMF Bz impinges upon the Earth’s magnetosphere. There are two major structures that can cause a geomagnetic storm: streaminteraction regions (SIRs) and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The two types of structures differ in the strength of the magnetic field and the time length of southward Bz, and so the effects on the magnetosphere are different. One result of the energy input from the solar wind is ionospheric outflow. Because of solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling, ionospheric ions can become a significant source for the magnetosphere during geomagnetic storms. In this thesis, I performed …

Advanced Electronics And Post-Processing Algorithm For The Sontrac 3d Neutron Spectrometer, George Suarez

Doctoral Dissertations

The second-generation SONTRAC instrument is being designed by UNH and NASA to detect solar neutrons, a game-changing observation for understanding particle acceleration at the Sun. The new instrument targets small satellites with highly constrained size, mass, and power; bringing a new set of challenges to the design of the instrument electronics. SONTRAC uses silicon photomultiplier detectors to image neutron scattered proton tracks in a scintillating fiber bundle. Individual detector readout provides the best performance, but is not achievable within the size, mass and power constrains for a small satellite. To overcome this problem, we explored detectors configured in strips to …

Disordered Cathode Electrode Materials For Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries And The Effect Of Conditioned Electrolytes In Cycling Performances, Saewon Kim

Doctoral Dissertations

Electrochemical energy storage is essential to free various electronic devices from electric wiring. Besides the prominent lithium-ion batteries, next-generation batteries using zinc ions as charge carriers in aqueous electrolytes have risen as attractive alternatives due to their superior safety, environmental-friendliness, low cost, and excellent theoretical performance. However, high-performance cathode materials to accommodate the capacity and cyclability of zinc-ion storage have been lacking because of the strong electrostatic interaction between multivalent Zn-ions and host cathode materials. This study suggests a few varieties of vanadium oxide derivatives with large interlayer spaces, excellent structural stability, and finely tuned structural properties. Alkali-intercalated vanadates (MVOs) …

Elastic Electron Scattering From Mirror Nuclei 3he And 3h., Leiqaa Kurbany

Doctoral Dissertations

The primary aim of my work is the extraction of the elastic cross-sections from data collected in Jefferson Lab Hall A experiment E12-11-112, which measured inclusive elastic scattering from the mirror nuclei 3He and 3H at low momentum transfer. I determined the ratio of the 3He and 3H cross-sections since it cancels many of the systematic uncertainties that enter the absolute cross-section extraction, and it reduced fractional uncertainty to 1.85%. By going to low energy and forward angle, the effect of the magnetic form factor Fm(Q2) can be minimized, which allows for an extraction of the charge form factor Fch(Q2) …

The Influence Of Permafrost Soil Structure On Microbial Community Diversity And Abundance, Nathan D. Blais

Master's Theses and Capstones

Soil structure plays a critical role in shaping soil microbial communities, who directly influence biogeochemical cycling1–4. Although well-studied in temperate systems, the importance of physical structure on soil microbial community diversity, function, and overall activity in permafrost soils is largely unknown. I hypothesized that (1) decreases in pore connectivity would increase microbial diversity based on an expected inverse relationship between diversity and connectivity; (2) soil with an increased abundance of larger pores (> 75 µm), which are uninhabitable because they are too large to sustain liquid water, will exhibit lower bacterial and archaeal abundance and (3) the surface area of …

Implementing A Reference Backscatter Calibration Technique On A Multi-Sector Multibeam Echosounder, Rui Miguel Aleixo Miguel Cândido

Master's Theses and Capstones

Increasingly, national hydrographic agencies are committing to routine acquisition of seabed backscatter strength estimates from multibeam echosounders (MBES) as part of national programs for seabed characterization. As part of their bathymetric survey mandate, these agencies have a long history of sounding quality control utilizing absolute and relative calibration (reference surfaces and crossover comparisons). Equivalent quality control is, however, not yet in place for managing seabed backscatter strength measurements, as the majority of the collected data is not absolutely referenced.Herein, a new technique for cross-calibrating a MBES with a reference calibrated split beam echosounder (SBES) was implemented. Broadband reference bottom backscatter …

Perceived Gender Discrimination In The United States Air Force, Linzi Gail Eppinger

Master's Theses and Capstones

While the existence of gender discrimination in the Air Force is well known, previous research had not examined how active-duty Air Force members define gender discrimination and how service members differentiate instances of gender discrimination from gender-based harassment. This study drew on qualitative interviews with 25 Air Force service members to provide a rich account of their perceptions of discrimination and harassment. From this research, several common attributes of gender discrimination became clear. Active-duty Air Force women were more aware of instances of gender discrimination than men, participants perceived being a gender minority in the workplace is a risk factor …

Physiology And Biochemistry Of Cold-Hardy Table Grapevines, Annasamy S. Chandrakala

Master's Theses and Capstones

Grapes are grown worldwide to produce wine, grape juice and are also popular as fresh table grapes or dried raisins. Due to their nutritional value and importance in the multibillion-dollar wine industry, grapes are considered the most commercially important berry crop. Grape production has primarily concentrated on European wine grapes, Vitis vinifera, in the dry, hot Mediterranean and Central Asian climates. V. vinifera is not cold tolerant enough to endure winter temperatures below -15°C. The introduction of several interspecific hybrids (of both wine and table grape) cultivars in the 20th century and selection of a training system has helped propel …

A Geographic Segmentation Approach For Satellite-Derived Bathymetry, Juliane Jussara Affonso

Master's Theses and Capstones

Safety of navigation depends on our knowledge of seabed and its features, and, as such, any improvements in deriving bathymetry for nautical chart updating are of major importance. Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (SDB) is an alternative to traditional surveys using ship and airborne sensors, particularly for mapping remote and shallow areas, due to its reduced cost and the absence of navigational risks in very shallow and unsurveyed areas. However, the accuracy of SDB can be judged as relatively low for nautical charting purposes and, therefore, is mostly used for reconnaissance or/and for filling gaps in remote or very shallow areas. One of …

Design And Synthesis Towards Bifunctional 89zr And 44sc Chelators For Immuno-Positron Emission Tomography, Noah Cote

Master's Theses and Capstones

The design and synthesis of novel zirconium and scandium complexes, ZrIV(p-NO2-sal-DFO) and ScIII(p-NO2-Bn-NOTPi) respectively, and their potential for use in immuno-positron emission tomography (immuno-PET) are discussed. The design for a linear octadentate ligand for Zr was hypothesized and derived from deferoxamine B (DFO), a well-known hexadentate siderophore for Fe complexation. A p-NO2-salicyclic acid derivative was prepared to provide a bifunctional handle for antibody conjugation. Deferoxamine B chelates with hydroxamate moieties, which have proven useful for chelation of hard acids. While difficulties in purification led to no complexation studies being performed, this chelator was confirmed via 1H NMR , 13C NMR, …

Spatiotemporal Patterns Of Dissolved Organic Nutrient Lability Across The Subtropical North Pacific, Jessica Quinn Gray

Master's Theses and Capstones

Net biologically produced organic matter integrated over an annual cycle in the euphotic zone of the global ocean is equal to annual net community production (ANCP). ANCP is limited by the rate of delivery of essential nutrients (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and iron (Fe)) to the sunlit surface ocean and the efficiency with which these nutrients are either metabolized or returned to the ocean’s interior. In subtropical oceans, which are regions of large-scale downwelling and consequently characteristic of nutrient-depleted surface waters, ANCP remains comparable to more nutrient replete ecosystems (~2 – 5 mol C m-2 yr-1). To understand what may …

Cosmogenic 36cl Dating Of The Granite Canyon Moraine Complex In The Teton Range To Determine Fault Offset Rates And The Influence Of Valley Hypsometry On Glacier Behavior, Calen M. Rubin

Master's Theses and Capstones

During the Last Glacial Maximum, major drainages along the east side of the Teton Range were occupied by alpine glaciers that extended to the floor of Jackson Hole. Chronologies of glaciation in the central and northern parts of the range have been developed via 10Be exposure dating of well-preserved terminal and lateral moraine complexes. However, few glacial records have been developed in the southern portion of the range. The metamorphic and sedimentary bedrock and shallow hypsometry of Granite Canyon stand in contrast to the crystalline lithology and steeper hypsometry of glaciated valleys further north along the eastern range front. Granite …

Rethinking Absolute Immunity From Defamation Suits In Private Quasi-Judicial Proceedings

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

No abstract provided.

Pop & Perjury: The Irs Valuation War With The Estate Of Michael Jackson

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

When Michael Jackson died unexpectedly in Los Angeles, California, on June 25, 2009, his career and earnings were nearing an all-time low. Plagued by past sexual abuse allegations, scandals, and questionable health, Michael Jackson’s personal finances were purported to be in complete disarray. However, following his unexpected death, the value of his estate, which was reported to be near to nothing, swelled as the world remembered his beloved contributions to the world and began to purchase accordingly. Sales of Michael Jackson’s music began to soar high. The estate’s value soared even higher as it signed licensing agreements and released new …

Undead Dicta Or Haunted Holdings? A Closer Look At The Zombie Subjective Intent Partnership Formation Cases

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

Undead precedents haunt the partnership formation caselaw. But just how dangerous are they? It depends on what type of zombies they are—walking-dead dicta or haunted holdings. Asking a court to ignore bad dicta is nowhere near as difficult for litigants as asking a court to overrule an entire line of cases.

This article takes a closer look at the undead partnership formation cases that were previously identified in a companion article and concludes that nearly all such cases fall into the less-scary category of undead dicta, rather than truly dangerous category of zombie holdings.

Broken Promises: The Granite State’S Return To The Institutionalization Of Children With Disabilities

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

In 1975, the New Hampshire legislature enacted a progressive statute which mandated the Department of Health and Human Services “to establish, maintain, implement and coordinate a comprehensive service delivery system for developmentally disabled persons.” This law was innovative for its time; it decreed that individual service plans (ISPs) be developed for every client in the state’s service delivery system, guaranteed “a right to adequate and humane habilitation and treatment[,]” and contemplated the state’s area agency system as we know it today. The statute was a steppingstone for the 1981 class action lawsuit of Garrity v. Gallen. This was one of …

Effects Of Sediment Addition On Macroinvertebrate Communities In New England Salt Marshes, Chloe Brownlie

Master's Theses and Capstones

Salt marsh invertebrates play a vital role in salt marsh ecosystems by aerating the marsh, cycling nutrients, and forming connections between trophic levels, but the impacts of large-scale natural and anthropogenic sediment addition on their community structure and species composition is poorly understood. During winter storm Grayson in January of 2018, ice rafting caused large areas of sediment to deposit on significant areas of the Great Marsh in Massachusetts. I hypothesized that sediment addition would influence the abundance and richness of invertebrates in the marsh, because they tend to take years to recover after a disturbance. Sediment cores were taken …

Investigating The Role Of Palmitoyl Acyltransferase 14 In Preventing Early Death In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Robert Elliott

Master's Theses and Capstones

Palmitoylation is a reversible post-translational modification that affects the location, activity, and stability of proteins. Arabidopsis thaliana contains 23 genes for palmitoyl acyltransferases (PATs), the enzymes that catalyze palmitoylation. Loss of PAT14 activity results in early senescence and diminished plant size when plants are grown on standard peat/perlite mixtures in pots and watered with a commercial fertilizer, but this phenotype is not observed when plants grown on agar plates containing a different nutrient solution. Here we show that neither the peat/perlite growth medium nor the commensal microbes present in the growth are the causative agents for phenotype development. However, the …

Development Of A Continuous-Tension-Compression Machine For Testing Thin Sheet Metal, Jacqueline Mcnally

Master's Theses and Capstones

This thesis details the design and manufacturing of a custom testing machine for thin sheet metal undergoing continuous tension-compression (CTC) loading. The CTC machine concept is based on using a set of intermeshing dies to continuously support the thin sheet specimen against buckling during the test. The upper set of dies are held in place by a pneumatic actuator of 25 kN capacity. The dies can move freely relative to one another, so that both tension and compression can be performed in the same setup. A hydraulic actuator of 50 kN capacity displaces one side of the intermeshed dies. The …

Keeping Kids Safe Online, Robbin Ray

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Beyond “Study Skills”: A Curriculum-Embedded Framework For Metacognitive Development In A College Chemistry Course, Sonja Gamby, Christopher F. Bauer

Faculty Publications

There is a critical need for evidence-based metacognition instruction models with an ease of implementation. Three issues involved in advancing the implementation and assessment of metacognitive interventions are: (i) the lack of an operational framework for the development of metacognition; (ii) metacognition instruction models that lack a focus on explicitly engaging students’ self-perceptions; (iii) a lack of metacognitive interventions that are easy to implement and require minimal training. This study describes the development and implementation of a 10-week discussion-based module to promote metacognitive development as part of a general chemistry course at a community college. This curricular metacognition instruction model …

Us Scientific Leadership Addressing Energy, Ecosystems, Climate, And Sustainable Prosperity: Report In Brief From The Berac Subcommittee On International Benchmarking, Maureen Mccann, Patrick Reed, Ana Alonso, Ludmilla Aristilde, Massie S. Ballon, Crysten Blaby, Allison A. Campbell, Kenneth James Davis, Brian H. Davison, Ben Evans, Robert F. Fischetti, Serita D. Frey, Ann M. Fridlind, Efi Foufoula-Georgiou, Ramon Gonzalez, Michael N. Gooseff, Nathan Hillson, Janet Jansson, Klaus Keller, Markus Kleber, Costas Maranas, Gerald A. Meehl, Himadri Pakrasi, Jennifer Pett-Ridge, Kristala Prather, Johannes Quaas, G. Philip Robertson, Alistair Rogers, Tim Scheibe, Thomas R. Schneider, Gary Stacey, Margaret S. Torn, Kerstin Kleese Van Dam, Detlef Vuuren, John Weyant, Stan Wullschleger, Shaocheng Xie, Seung Yon (Sue) Rhee, Huimin Zhao

Faculty Publications

This document presents the subcommittee’s overarching and domain-specific findings and recommendations for the next decade, identified by consensus across the full BERAC subcommittee and experts interviewed for this assessment.

Automated License Plate Recognition Systems, Nicholas Noboa

Master's Theses and Capstones

Automated license plate recognition systems make use of machines learning coupled with traditional algorithmic programming to create software capable of identifying and transcribing vehicles’ license plates. From this point, automated license plate recognition systems can be capable of performing a variety of functions, including billing an account or querying the plate number against a database to identify vehicles of concern. These capabilities allow for an efficient method of autonomous vehicle identification, although the unmanned nature of these systems raises concerns over the possibility of their use for surveillance, be it against an individual or group. This thesis will explore the …

Cost Of Heating Is On The Rise In New Hampshire With Winter Right Around The Corner, Douglas Jones, Katie Clayton, Abigail Driscoll

Digital Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire.