Digital Commons Network^™

Reaching For A Galaxy Far, Far Away, Jody Record

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Role Of Entropy In Colloidal Self-Assembly, Brunno C. Rocha, Sanjib Paul, Harish Vashisth

New Hampshire EPSCoR

Entropy plays a key role in the self-assembly of colloidal particles. Specifically, in the case of hard particles, which do not interact or overlap with each other during the process of self-assembly, the free energy is minimized due to an increase in the entropy of the system. Understanding the contribution of entropy and engineering it is increasingly becoming central to modern colloidal self-assembly research, because the entropy serves as a guide to design a wide variety of self-assembled structures for many technological and biomedical applications. In this work, we highlight the importance of entropy in different theoretical and experimental self-assembly …

Sociopolitical Silos: Environmental Views And The Multiplicative Effect Of Same-Party Friends, Lawrence C. Hamilton, Joel Hartter, Curt Grimm

Faculty Publications

Analysis of climate and other environmental questions on three regional survey projects conducted over 2017–2020 (9,000+ interviews) elaborate on the well-known importance of political factors by adding support for three newer propositions. First, strength of political identification predicts climate-change views within the ranks of conservatives but not within ranks of liberals, evidence that conservatives’ climate-change views are more politically determined. Second, factor analysis suggests that climate-change beliefs meet statistical criteria for being an indicator of sociopolitical identity, alongside the traditional indicators of ideology and party, or the newer one of Trump support. This result calls for caution interpreting models that …

Office Of Research, Economic Engagement And Outreach Update, August 5, 2020, Office Of Research, Economic Engagement And Outreach

Office of Research, Economic Engagement and Outreach

No abstract provided.

Fish Futures, Sarah Schaier

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Space Weather Monitor At The L5 Point: A Case Study Of A Cme Observed With Stereo B, L. Rodriguez, Camilla Scolini, M. Mierla, A. N. Zhukov, M. J. West

Coronal Mass Ejection Research Group

An important location for future space weather monitoring is the Lagrange point 5 (L5) of the Sun-Earth system. We test the performance of L5 for space weather monitoring using STEREO B observations of an Earth-directed coronal mass ejection (CME), seen as a partial halo by SOHO at L1. STEREO B (located close to L5) continuously tracked the CME. By using these data in combination with methods to calculate the CME arrival time at the Earth (extrapolation, drag-based model, and a magnetohydrodynamic model), we demonstrate that the estimation of the CME arrival time can be drastically improved by adding L5 data. …

Microbial Diversity Drives Carbon Use Efficiency In A Model Soil, Luiz A. Domeignoz-Horta, Grace Pold, Xiao-Jun Allen Liu, Serita D. Frey, Jerry M. Melillo, Kristen M. Deangelis

Faculty Publications

Empirical evidence for the response of soil carbon cycling to the combined effects of warming, drought and diversity loss is scarce. Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) plays a central role in regulating the flow of carbon through soil, yet how biotic and abiotic factors interact to drive it remains unclear. Here, we combine distinct community inocula (a biotic factor) with different temperature and moisture conditions (abiotic factors) to manipulate microbial diversity and community structure within a model soil. While community composition and diversity are the strongest predictors of CUE, abiotic factors modulated the relationship between diversity and CUE, with CUE …

Improving Stem Education, Lara Gengarelly

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Decomposability Of Soil Organic Matter Over Time: The Soil Incubation Database (Sidb, Version 1.0) And Guidance For Incubation Procedures, Christina Schadel, Jeffrey Beem-Miller, Mina Aziz Rad, Susan E. Crow, Caitlin E. Hicks Pries, Jessica G. Ernakovich, Alison M. Hoyt, Alain Plante, Shane Stoner, Claire C. Treat, Carlos A. Sierra

Faculty Publications

The magnitude of carbon (C) loss to the atmosphere via microbial decomposition is a function of the amount of C stored in soils, the quality of the organic matter, and physical, chemical, and biological factors that comprise the environment for decomposition. The decomposability of C is commonly assessed by laboratory soil incubation studies that measure greenhouse gases mineralized from soils under controlled conditions. Here, we introduce the Soil Incubation Database (SIDb) version 1.0, a compilation of time series data from incubations, structured into a new, publicly available, open-access database of C flux (carbon dioxide, CO2, or methane, CH4). In addition, …

When People Estimate Their Personal Intelligence Who Is Overconfident? Who Is Accurate?, John D. Mayer, A. T. Panter, David R. Caruso

UNH Personality Lab

Objective

We explore accurate self-knowledge versus overconfidence in personal intelligence—a “broad” intelligence about personality. The theory of personal intelligence proposes that people vary in their ability to understand the traits, goals, plans, and actions of themselves and others. We wondered who accurately knew that they were higher in personal intelligence and who did not, and whether individuals with more accurate estimates were distinguishable from others in their psychological characteristics.

Method

Three archival data sets were identified that included both self-estimates and objective measures of personal intelligence: The measures were the Self-Estimated Personal Intelligence scale (SEPI) and the Test of Personal …

Granite State College Undergraduate Catalog 2020-2021, Granite State College

Granite State College Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Granite State College Graduate Catalog 2020-2021, Granite State College

Granite State College Catalogs

No abstract provided.

What Do We Know About What To Do With Dams? How Knowledge Shapes Public Opinion About Their Removal In New Hampshire, Simone Chapman, Catherine M. Ashcraft, Lawrence C. Hamilton, Kevin H. Gardner

Carsey Publications

In this brief, authors Simone Chapman, Catherine Ashcraft, Lawrence Hamilton, and Kevin Gardner report the results of an October 2018 Granite State Poll that asked 607 New Hampshire residents how much they have heard, and their thoughts, concerning the question of whether older dams on New Hampshire rivers should be removed for ecological or safety reasons, or whether the dams should be kept.

Most people admitted they have not heard or read about this issue, but at the same time they agreed that dams could be removed in at least some cases. The more people heard or read about the …

Heavy Metals In The Arctic: Distribution And Enrichment Of Five Metals In Alaskan Soils, Clarice R. Perryman, Jochen Wirsing, Kathryn A. Bennett, Owen Brennick, Apryl L. Perry, Nicole Williamson, Jessica G. Ernakovich

Faculty Publications

Metal contamination of food and water resources is a known public health issue in Arctic and sub-Arctic communities due to the proximity of many communities to mining and drilling sites. In addition, permafrost thaw may release heavy metals sequestered in previously frozen soils, potentially contaminating food and water resources by increasing the concentration of metals in freshwater, plants, and wildlife. Here we assess the enrichment of selected heavy metals in Alaskan soils by synthesizing publicly available data of soil metal concentrations. We analyzed data of soil concentrations of arsenic, chromium, mercury, nickel, and lead from over 1,000 samples available through …

It’S All Relative: How Linguists And Anthropologists View Language Differently, Thomas Pedtke

Spectrum

No abstract provided.

Technical Report For “When People Estimate Their Personal Intelligence Who Is Overconfident? Who Is Accurate?”, John D. Mayer, A. T. Panter, David R. Caruso

UNH Personality Lab

The Technical Supplement includes additional information about the article “Who Believes they are High in Personal Intelligence.” The Supplement is organized such that material follows the organization of the article, with the exception that group-wise analyses—i.e., analyses based on median splits of the archival samples on the Test of Personal Intelligence and Self-Estimated Personal Intelligence, are in their own Appendix owing to the considerable length of that material.

A Cyber Success, Lily Greenberg

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Connecting Through Globe, Unh Communications And Public Affairs

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Light Work, Jody Record

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Learning To Collaborate, Unh Communications And Public Affairs

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

The Female Legal Realist Inside The Common Law, Ann Bartow

Law Faculty Scholarship

This essay, a response piece to Anita Bernstein’s thought-provoking book The Common Law Inside the Female Body, examines the powerful tool of the common law and the role that judges play in wielding it. I begin by drawing on my twenty-four years of teaching and looking at the questions that I, and my students, grapple with every year while studying the common law: Do the uncoordinated actions of individual judges, juries, and lawyers and parties generate an efficient legal system? And does that system result in some version of justice for most of the parties, most of the time, …

The Application Of Computer Vision, Machine And Deep Learning Algorithms Utilizing Matlab, Andrea Linda Murphy

Master's Theses and Capstones

MATLAB is a multi-paradigm proprietary programming language and numerical computing environment developed by MathWorks. Within MATLAB Integrated Development Environment (IDE) you can perform Computer-aided design (CAD), different matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and has the ability to interface with programs written in other languages1. Since, its launch in 1984 MATLAB software has not particularly been associated within the field of data science. In 2013, that changed with the launch of their new data science concentrated toolboxes that included Deep Learning, Image Processing, Computer Vision, and then a year later Statistics and Machine …

Relative And Absolute Price Efficiency In Stock Markets: Could Behavioral Finance And Efficient Markets Both Be Correct?, James Ryan Hickey

Doctoral Dissertations

Prior research on stock prices has found that most variation in stock prices is attributable to variation in expected returns rather than cash flows. Prices exhibit “excess volatility” and are too persistent to be explained in terms of cash flows. This finding has contributed to the divergence between the so-called “behavioral finance” school of research and advocates of “efficient markets.” I examine whether the relation between fundamentals and prices is stronger in relative stock prices than absolute stock prices. I also explore whether the reasons for the excess volatility and persistence problems may be attributable to structural change.

Chapter 1 …

Human And Climate Impacts On Flooding Via Remote Sensing, Big Data Analytics, And Modeling, Eunsang Cho

Doctoral Dissertations

Over the last 20 years, the amount of streamflow has greatly increased and spring snowmelt floods have occurred more frequently in the north-central U.S. In the Red River of the North Basin (RRB) overlying portions of North Dakota and Minnesota, six of the 13 major floods over the past 100 years have occurred since the late 1990s. Based on numerous previous studies as well as senior flood forecasters’ experiences, recent hydrological changes related to human modifications [e.g. artificial subsurface drainage (SSD) expansion] and climate change are potential causes of notable forecasting failures over the past decade. My dissertation focuses on …

An Asymptotic Self-Sustaining Process Theory For Uniform Momentum Zones And Internal Interfaces In Unbounded Couette Flow, Brandon Montemuro

Doctoral Dissertations

Meinhart \& Adrian (Phys. Fluids, vol. 7, 1995, p 694) were the first investigators to document that the wall-normal ($y$) structure of the instantaneous streamwise velocity in the turbulent boundary layer exhibits a staircase-like profile: regions of quasi-uniform momentum are separated by internal shear layers across which the streamwise velocity jumps by an O(1) amount when scaled by the friction velocity $u_\tau$. This sharply-varying instantaneous profile differs dramatically from the well-known long-time mean profile, which is logarithmic over much of the boundary layer, and prompted Klewicki (Proc. IUTAM, vol. 9, 2013, p. 69--78) to propose that the turbulent boundary layer …

The Impact Of Fine Scale Drivers On Upwelling Processes, David Kenward

Doctoral Dissertations

Ionospheric upwelling and outflow are large-scale processes which affect the dynamics of the greater magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere system. Though these terms historically refer to the propensity of ions to increase in scale height and escape Earth's gravity due to a the collective effect of energization processes; that same behaviour is frequently observed to occur with neutral species within the cusp regions of the ionosphere. Although many different driving mechanisms have been identified which contribute to the energization and increase in scale height of the ionosphere, the relative energy budget of these individual drivers is debated. In this dissertation, data from the Rocket …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Biomimetic Model Systems For The Study Of Diiron Hydrogenase And Porphyrin Enzymes, Brian Francis Patenaude

Doctoral Dissertations

The branch of biomimetic chemistry aims to imitate natural reactions and enzymatic processes in order to advance many other areas of chemistry, including inorganic and organic catalysis as well as materials science. To study the mechanisms of enzyme activity and the effect of secondary coordination sphere interactions, the synthesis and characterization of two artificial metallo-enzymes were pursued.

In order to further understand the mechanism of [FeFe]-hydrogenase and the effect of secondary coordination sphere interactions within the protein binding pocket, the synthesis of an optimized biotin-avidin [FeFe] artificial enzyme was pursued. This dissertation describes the synthesis and characterization of the small …

Am I A Math Or Science Person? How High School Students’ Attitudes Towards Mathematics And Science Influence Their Decision To Major In Stem, Dalton Dayne Marsh

Doctoral Dissertations

Motivated by an innovation-driven economy, critical emphasis has been placed on the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce in the United States. Education has been charged to prepare a diverse population of young people qualified to take up these jobs and lead the nation into a rapidly evolving technological future. How to best approach this goal is still being negotiated. While past research and efforts focused largely on improving students’ achievement in mathematics and science, more recent research points to the need to also consider students’ attitudes towards STEM subjects. However, what types of attitudes (e.g., self-efficacy, identity, interest, …

Examining Brain Network Modularity In U.S. Military Personnel With Blast Vs. Non-Blast Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Hannah Marie Franz

Master's Theses and Capstones

Problem: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health concern to the public, accounting for alarming numbers of hospitalizations and emergency department visits per year. mTBI is of particular concern because of the injury’s ‘invisible’ nature. There are a lack of clinical findings on current evidence-based diagnostic protocols, and sufferers of this “silent” injury persistently complain of changes in functioning compared to their baseline abilities.

Methods: 103 active duty service members from the SCORE study comprised 3 groups: mTBI resulting from blast (bmTBI; n=32), mTBI not resulting from blast (e.g. falls, motor vehicle accidents) (mTBI; n=29), and orthopedic controls (OC; …

Exploiting More Binaries By Using Planning To Assemble Rop Attacks, Daroc Alden

Master's Theses and Capstones

Return oriented programming (ROP) attacks have been studied for many years, but they are

usually still constructed manually. The existing tools to synthesize ROP exploits automatically,

such as ROPGadget and angrop, are very limited by their ad-hoc design: they rely on matching

fixed patterns and assembling gadgets in fixed ways. We propose a new method, PEACE, that

uses symbolic execution and partial-order planning to assemble gadgets more flexibly. Our method

incrementally selects gadgets to address a need in the partially-constructed exploit, and infers

ordering constraints over those gadgets based on their effects. This approach enables PEACE to

create exploits for …