Digital Commons Network^™

Surface And Lightning Sources Of Nitrogen Oxides Over The United States: Magnitudes, Chemical Evolution, And Outflow, R C. Hudman, D J. Jacob, S Turquety, Eric M. Leibensperger, L T. Murray, S Wu, A B. Gilliland, M A. Avery, T H. Bertram, William H. Brune, Ronald C. Cohen, Jack E. Dibb, F Flocke, A Fried, J S. Holloway, J A. Neuman, R Orville, A E. Perring, Xinrong Ren, G W. Sachse, H B. Singh, Aaron L. Swanson, Paul J. Wooldridge

Earth Sciences

We use observations from two aircraft during the ICARTT campaign over the eastern United States and North Atlantic during summer 2004, interpreted with a global 3-D model of tropospheric chemistry (GEOS-Chem) to test current understanding of regional sources, chemical evolution, and export of NOx. The boundary layer NOx data provide top-down verification of a 50% decrease in power plant and industry NOx emissions over the eastern United States between 1999 and 2004. Observed NOx concentrations at 8–12 km altitude were 0.55 ± 0.36 ppbv, much larger than in previous U.S. aircraft campaigns (ELCHEM, SUCCESS, SONEX) though consistent with data from …

Unh Law Alumni Magazine, Summer 2007, University Of New Hampshire School Of Law

UNH Law Alumni Magazine

No abstract provided.

Linking Images And Sound In A 3d Museum Exhibit Demonstration, Briana M. Sullivan, Colin Ware, Matthew D. Plumlee

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Lateral And Top Boundary Conditions On Regional Air Quality Prediction: A Multiscale Study Coupling Regional And Global Chemical Transport Models, Youhua Tang, Gregory R. Carmichael, Narisara Thongbongchoo, Tianfeng Chai, Larry Horowitz, R B. Pierce, J Al-Saadi, G G. Pfister, Jeffrey Vukovich, Melody A. Avery, Glen Sachse, Thomas B. Ryerson, J S. Holloway, E L. Atlas, F Flocke, Rodney J. Weber, L Gregory Huey, Jack E. Dibb, David G. Streets, William H. Brune

Earth Sciences

The sensitivity of regional air quality model to various lateral and top boundary conditions is studied at 2 scales: a 60 km domain covering the whole USA and a 12 km domain over northeastern USA. Three global models (MOZART-NCAR, MOZART-GFDL and RAQMS) are used to drive the STEM-2K3 regional model with time-varied lateral and top boundary conditions (BCs). The regional simulations with different global BCs are examined using ICARTT aircraft measurements performed in the summer of 2004, and the simulations are shown to be sensitive to the boundary conditions from the global models, especially for relatively long-lived species, like CO …

Spring 2007, Cie Newsletter And Faculty Travel Insert, Center For International Education

UNH International Educator Newsletter

No abstract provided.

The New Hampshire, Vol. 96 [97], No. 49 (May 4, 2007), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 96, but it is the 97th volume in the series. This was corrected in pencil.

Lidar As A Shoreline Mapping Tool, Shachak Pe'eri, C. W. Morgan, William D. Philpot, G Guenther, Andy Armstrong

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

Clustering Acoustic Backscatter In The Angular Response Space, Luciano E. Fonseca, Brian R. Calder

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Backscatter mosaicking is a necessary step in the analysis and interpretation of sidescan and multibeam sonar records. However, due to limitations intrinsic to the mosaicking technique, backscatter mosaics are restricted in their capacity to unambiguously discriminate seafloor properties. A more adequate technique to characterize the seafloor is the analysis of backscatter angular responses, since those responses are intrinsic properties of the seafloor. This technique sometimes lacks spatial resolution, however, as the analysis is limited to the swath width of the sonar. In this paper, we propose an approach to combine mosaicking and angular response analysis techniques in an attempt to …

Google Earth Visualizations: Preview And Delivery Of Hydrographic And Other Marine Datasets, Kurt Schwehr, Briana M. Sullivan, James V. Gardner

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Existing hydrographic data analysis and visualization tools are very powerful, but lack easy access to web data management tools. Virtual globe software provides a gateway to a host of important data products in formats usable by specialized tools such as CARIS, Fledermaus, and Arc/Info. With virtual globe interfaces, users see complimentary and consistent geographic representations of available data in an easy-tonavigate format. We present a preview of visualizations that build upon virtual globe software. These examples are viewed in Google Earth, but could also be implemented in a number of alternative programs (e.g. NASA World Wind, Dapple, OSSIM Planet). We …

Application Of High-Precision Timing Systems To Distributed Survey Systems, Brian R. Calder, Rick T. Brennan, C Malzone, J Marcus, Peter Canter

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

In any hydrographic survey system that consists of more than one computer, one of the most difficult integration problems is to ensure that all components maintain a coherent sense of time. Since virtually all modern survey systems are of this type, timekeeping and synchronized timestamping of data as it is created is of significant concern. This paper describes a method for resolving this problem based on the IEEE 1588 Precise Time Protocol (PTP) implemented by hardware devices, layered with some custom software called the Software Grandmaster (SWGM) algorithm. This combination of hardware and software maintains a coherent sense of time …

Tide Aware Enc: Demonstration Of An Operational Concept, Rick T. Brennan, Barry Gallagher, Jack Riley, Schwehr Kurt, Lee Alexander

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

Marine Heritage Monitoring With High Resolution Survey Tools: Scapamap 2001-2006, Brian R. Calder, Bobby Forbes, Duncan Mallace

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Archaeologically, marine sites can be just as significant as those on land. Until recently, however, they were not protected in the UK to the same degree, leading to degradation of sites; the difficulty of investigating such sites still makes it problematic and expensive to properly describe, schedule and monitor them. Use of conventional high-resolution survey tools in an archaeological context is changing the economic structure of such investigations however, and it is now possible to remotely but routinely monitor the state of submerged cultural artifacts. Use of such data to optimize expenditure of expensive and rare assets (e.g., divers and …

Integrating Imagery From Hull Mounted Sidescan Sonars With Multibeam Bathymetry, F Pohner, J Bakke, O Nilsen, T Kjaer, Luciano E. Fonseca

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Multibeam echo sounders produce high quality bathymetric data, however, for acoustic imaging their alongtrack beamwidth is much wider than what is used on conventional sidescan sonars, so the imagery produced by sidescan sonars are of a better quality and are often preferred. A hullmounted combination instrument package that integrates both the accurate multibeam bathymetry and the high resolution sidescan imagery is an attractive and relatively low cost solution for detailed surveys of harbors, canals, rivers and other shallow areas. Especially in these shallow water areas the sidescan sonar benefits from being hull mounted rather than towed, since this arrangement is …

High Resolution Mapping In Support Of Unclos Article 76: Seeing The Seafloor With New Eyes, James V. Gardner, Larry A. Mayer, Andy Armstrong

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Since 2003, the Center for Coastal & Ocean Mapping/Joint Hydrographic Center at the University of New Hampshire (UNH) has been conducting multibeam mapping of many U.S. continental margins in areas where there is a potential for an extended continental shelf as defined under Article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. UNH was directed by Congress, through funding by the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, to map the bathymetry in areas in the Arctic Ocean, Bering Sea, Gulf of Alaska, Northwest Atlantic, northern Gulf of Mexico, the Northern Mariana Islands, Kingman Reef and Palmyra Atoll …

Proposed Ais Binary Message Format Using Xml For Providing Hydrographic-Related Information, Schwehr Kurt, Lee Alexander

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

UNH is working with the USCG and NOAA to use XML (Extensible Markup Language) to define binary messages for maritime-based AIS (Automatic Identification System). A draft specification format is under development that will enable hydrographic and maritime safety agencies to encode AIS message contents by providing a bit-level description in XML (informally known the "AIS Binary Message Decoder Ring"). An AIS binary message definition in XML specifies the order, length, and type of fields following a subset of that used by the ITU-R.M.1371-1. The specification is independent of programming language (e.g., can be implemented in C, C++, C#, Java, Python, …

Unh Sophomore Receives Prestigious Goldwater Scholarship, Beth Potier

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

Prestigious Nsf Career Awards Go To Four Young Unh Faculty, Beth Potier

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

Nh Scientists Awarded Doe Grant For Fusion And Space Science Research, David Sims, Michelle Gregoire

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

Where Science And Art Meet, Gillian Graham

Inquiry Journal 2007

No abstract provided.

2007 Inquiry Journal: Editorial Staff, Brigid C. Casellini

Inquiry Journal 2007

No abstract provided.

Development Of Iho S-100: The New Iho Geospatial Standard For Hydrographic Data, Lee Alexander, Michael Brown, Barrie Greenslade, Anthony Pharaoh

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

An Ideal Approach To Global Warming, Hannah Lee Varn

Inquiry Journal 2007

No abstract provided.

Multi-Algorithm Swath Consistency Detection For Multibeam Echosounder Data, Brian R. Calder

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

It is unrealistic to expect that any single algorithm for pre-filtering Multibeam Echosounder data will be able to detect all of the “noise" in such data all of the time. This paper therefore presents a scheme for fusing the results of many pre-filtering sub-algorithms in order to form one, significantly more robust, meta-algorithm. This principle is illustrated on the problem of consistency detection in regions of sloping bathymetry. We show that the meta-algorithm is more robust, adapts dynamically to sub-algorithm performance, and is consistent with operator assessment of the data. The meta-algorithm is called the Multi-Algorithm Swath Consistency Detector.

Assessing Bottom Gear Impact In The Wgom Closure Area: A Multifaceted Approach, Mashkoor A. Malik, Larry A. Mayer

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Mashkoor Malik presented the results of a UNH Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping (CCOM) study of the seafloor of the WGOMCA.

Objectives The objectives for the CCOM study were to:

• Construct a bathymetric map of Jeffrey’s Ledge to serve as a framework for subsequent studies.

• Test the potential use of multibeam sonar to monitor fishing gear impacts.

• Determine if it is possible to observe closure impacts with multibeam sonar.

The New Hampshire, Vol. 96 [97], No. 38 (March 23, 2007), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 96, but it is the 97th volume in the series. This was corrected in pencil.

Role Of Coronal Mass Ejections In The Heliospheric Hale Cycle, M. J. Owens, Nathan A. Schwadron, N. U. Crooker, W. J. Hughes, Harlan E. Spence

Physics & Astronomy

[1] The 11-year solar cycle variation in the heliospheric magnetic field strength can be explained by the temporary buildup of closed flux released by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). If this explanation is correct, and the total open magnetic flux is conserved, then the interplanetary-CME closed flux must eventually open via reconnection with open flux close to the Sun. In this case each CME will move the reconnected open flux by at least the CME footpoint separation distance. Since the polarity of CME footpoints tends to follow a pattern similar to the Hale cycle of sunspot polarity, repeated CME eruption and …

Unh Receives $3 Million To Transform Earth Science Education, Beth Potier

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

The New Hampshire, Vol. 96 [97], No. 29 (Feb. 6, 2007), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 96, but it is the 97th volume in the series. This was corrected in pencil.

2006 Performance And Progress Report: Unh/Noaa Joint Hydrographic Center, Larry A. Mayer, Noaa-Unh Joint Hydrographic Center (Jhc/Ccom)

Progress Reports

Report Period: 01/01/2006 – 12/31/2006

Cube User's Manual, Brian R. Calder, David E. Wells

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.