Digital Commons Network^™

Town Of Landaff, New Hampshire Annual Report Of The Town Officers Year Ended December 31, 2013., Landaff Town Representatives

Landaff, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

An Empirically Observed Pitch-Angle Diffusion Eigenmode In The Earth's Electron Belt Near L* = 5.0, T. P. O'Brien, S. Claudepierre, J. B. Blake, Joseph F. Fennell, J. H. Clemmons, J. Roeder, Harlan E. Spence, Geoffrey Reeves, D. N. Baker

Physics & Astronomy

Abstract

Using data from NASA's Van Allen Probes, we have identified a synchronized exponential decay of electron flux in the outer zone, near L^* = 5.0. Exponential decays strongly indicate the presence of a pure eigenmode of a diffusion operator acting in the synchronized dimension(s). The decay has a time scale of about 4 days with no dependence on pitch angle. While flux at nearby energies and L^* is also decaying exponentially, the decay time varies in those dimensions. This suggests the primary decay mechanism is elastic pitch angle scattering, which itself depends on energy and L ^{* …}

Annual Reports Town Of Washington, New Hampshire 2013., Washington Town Representatives

Washington, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Excitation Of Emic Waves Detected By The Van Allen Probes On 28 April 2013, J. C. Zhang, A A. Saiken, Lynn M. Kistler, Charles W. Smith, Harlan E. Spence, Christoforos Mouikis, Roy B. Torbert, Bradford Larsen, Geoffrey Reeves, R. M. Skoug, H. O. Funsten, W. S. Kurth, C A. Kletzing, R. C. Allen, V K. Jordanova

Physics & Astronomy

Abstract

We report the wave observations, associated plasma measurements, and linear theory testing of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) wave events observed by the Van Allen Probes on 28 April 2013. The wave events are detected in their generation regions as three individual events in two consecutive orbits of Van Allen Probe-A, while the other spacecraft, B, does not detect any significant EMIC wave activity during this period. Three overlapping H⁺ populations are observed around the plasmapause when the waves are excited. The difference between the observational EMIC wave growth parameter (E_h) and the theoretical EMIC instability parameter …

Prompt Energization Of Relativistic And Highly Relativistic Electrons During A Substorm Interval: Van Allen Probes Observations, J. C. Foster, P. J. Erickson, D. N. Baker, S. Claudepierre, C A. Kletzing, W. S. Kurth, Geoffrey Reeves, S. A. Thaller, Harlan E. Spence, Y. Y. Shprits, J. R. Wygant

Physics & Astronomy

Abstract

On 17 March 2013, a large magnetic storm significantly depleted the multi-MeV radiation belt. We present multi-instrument observations from the Van Allen Probes spacecraft Radiation Belt Storm Probe A and Radiation Belt Storm Probe B at ~6 Re in the midnight sector magnetosphere and from ground-based ionospheric sensors during a substorm dipolarization followed by rapid reenergization of multi-MeV electrons. A 50% increase in magnetic field magnitude occurred simultaneously with dramatic increases in 100 keV electron fluxes and a 100 times increase in VLF wave intensity. The 100 keV electrons and intense VLF waves provide a seed population and energy …

Nonstorm Time Dynamics Of Electron Radiation Belts Observed By The Van Allen Probes, Zhenpeng Su, Fuliang Xiao, Huinan Zheng, Zhaoguo He, Hui Zhu, Min Zhang, Chao Shen, Yuming Wang, Shui Wang, C A. Kletzing, W. S. Kurth, G. B. Hospodarsky, Harlan E. Spence, Geoffrey Reeves, H. O. Funsten, J. B. Blake, D. N. Baker

Physics & Astronomy

Abstract

Storm time electron radiation belt dynamics have been widely investigated for many years. Here we present a rarely reported nonstorm time event of electron radiation belt evolution observed by the Van Allen Probes during 21-24 February 2013. Within 2 days, a new belt centering around L=5.8 formed and gradually merged with the original outer belt, with the enhancement of relativistic electron fluxes by a factor of up to 50. Strong chorus waves (with power spectral density up to 10^-4nT²/Hz) occurred in the region L>5. Taking into account the local acceleration driven by these chorus …

Nudging The Fda, W. Nicholson Price Ii, I. Glenn Cohen

Law Faculty Scholarship

[Excerpt] "The FDA’s regulation of drugs is frequently the subject of policy debate, with arguments falling into two camps. On the one hand, a libertarian view of patients and the health care system holds high the value of consumer choice. Patients should get all the information and the drugs they want; the FDA should do what it can to enforce some basic standards but should otherwise get out of the way. On the other hand, a paternalist view values the FDA’s role as an expert agency standing between patients and a set of potentially dangerous drugs and potentially unscrupulous or …

University Of New Hampshire Graduate Course Catalog, 2014-2015, University Of New Hampshire

Graduate Catalog

No abstract provided.

Unh: The Magazine Of The University Of New Hampshire, Winter 2014, Unh Magazine

UNH Magazine

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Carex Rostrata On Seasonal And Interannual Variability In Peatland Methane Emissions, Genevieve L. Noyce, Ruth Varner, Jill L. Bubier, Steve Frolking

Earth Sciences

Peatlands are a large natural source of atmospheric methane (CH₄), and the sedge Carex rostrata plays a critical role in the production, oxidation, and transport of CH₄ in these systems. This 4 year clipping experiment examined the changes in CH₄ emissions from a temperate peatland after removing all aboveground C. rostrata biomass. Methane fluxes, dissolved CH₄, and environmental variables were measured during spring, summer, and fall from 2008 to 2011. Clipping and removing the C. rostrata leaves and stems caused an immediate decrease in CH₄ emissions that persisted over 4 years of this …

Annual Report Town Of Sunapee, Nh, Inc. April 4, 1781, For The Year Ending December 31, 2013., Sunapee Town Representatives

Sunapee, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

University Of New Hampshire Undergraduate Course Catalog, 2014-2015, University Of New Hampshire

Undergraduate Catalog

No abstract provided.

Gender Composition And Salary Gaps In Association Of Research Libraries (Arl) Institutions, Eleta Exline

Master's Theses and Capstones

While the presence of information technology (IT) work is ubiquitous in libraries, an increase in the number of male-dominated IT jobs has not increased the percentage of men (37%) working in female-dominated research libraries. Instead, the introduction of IT work may have resulted in a reorganization of librarians into gendered areas of specialization, changing the nature and degree of gender segregation within the occupation and potentially widening the overall pay gap between male and female librarians. Using data from the ARL Salary Survey, gender compositions and salary gaps of library positions between 1985 and 2010 were compared. Twelve of 17 …

Computationally Efficient Representation Of Statistically Described Material Microstructure For Tractable Forming Simulations, Nicholas Landry

Honors Theses and Capstones

The purpose of this project is to reduce a large statistical distribution of metal microstructure orientations to a manageable distribution to be used in metal forming simulations. Microstructure sensitive simulations at the macro-scale are impractical, because with so many state variables associated with material microstructure data, these simulations are extremely computationally expensive.

The goal was to develop a framework to accurately model plastic material response while repre- senting the material microstructure in a more compact form, reducing 106 or more microstructure orientations to a significantly smaller statistical distribution of representative orientations. This will significantly increase the computational efficiency and make …

How Teacher Beliefs About Mathematics Affect Student Beliefs About Mathematics, Kelly Smith

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.

Computationally Efficient Representation Of Statistically Described Material Microstructure For Tractable Forming Simulations, Nicholas Landry

Honors Theses and Capstones

The purpose of this project is to reduce a large statistical distribution of metal microstructure orientations to a manageable distribution to be used in metal forming simulations. Microstructure sensitive simulations at the macro-scale are impractical, because with so many state variables associated with material microstructure data, these simulations are extremely computationally expensive.

The goal was to develop a framework to accurately model plastic material response while representing the material microstructure in a more compact form, reducing 106 or more microstructure orientations to a significantly smaller statistical distribution of representative orientations. This will significantly increase the computational efficiency and make the …

Re-Analysis Of The World Data On The Emc Effect And Extrapolation To Nuclear Matter, Stacy E. Karthas

Honors Theses and Capstones

The EMC effect has been investigated by physicists over the past 30 years since it was discovered at CERN. This effect shows that the internal nucleon structure varies when in the nuclear medium. Data from SLAC E139 and JLab E03 103 were studied with the Coulomb correction and directly compared. The Coulomb distortion had a greater impact on the JLab data due to slightly lower energies and different kinematics. The EMC ratio was found to have a dependence on a kinematic variable, which was removed when Coulomb corrections were applied. The methodology was developed to apply Coulomb corrections, which had …

Effects Of Keratin Filaments On Erk Signaling During Fas-Induced Death Of Cervical Cancer (Hela) Cells, Amanda Berger

Honors Theses and Capstones

Survival of cancer cells is influenced by a variety of factors, including physical elements such as keratin filaments. We know HeLa cells containing or lacking keratin 8/18 intermediate filaments (K+ and K- cells, respectively) are more sensitive to the death-inducing effects of Fas agonist compared to the cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) or TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. Additionally, K- cells are more sensitive to Fas-induced death than K+ as shown by previous studies using mitochondrial activity and caspase activation assays. In the current study we tested the hypothesis that keratin filaments associate with the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade …

Causes And Consequences Of Diversity Within Experimental Biofilms Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Kenneth Mark Flynn

Doctoral Dissertations

Currently, we do not understand how much biodiversity may be maintained in any environment, especially not in the structured environments of biofilms, which constitute the dominant mode of microbial life. Although maintenance is associated with the complex spatial structure of biofilm architecture and resulting ecological opportunities, how both the abiotic and biotic environment defines available niches remains poorly understood. Here, we experimentally evolved three replicate populations founded by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA14 for 540 generations under conditions favoring a regular cycle of biofilm formation and dispersal. Utilizing a variety of laboratory and genomic sequencing approaches, we characterize the population genetic …

Competencies For The 21st Century: Teaching An Understanding Of Others, Critical Thinking, Leadership And A Sense Of Obligation. Perceptions Of Educational Leaders., Michael F. Schwartz

Doctoral Dissertations

In the 18th century, utilitarian writers highlighted the importance of a sense of obligation, an understanding of others, and the ability to think critically (Daniels, Bizar, & Zemelman, 2001; Kant, 1785/2008). Additionally, scholars stressed the importance of leadership (Burns, 1978). Teacher instruction in the 19th century incorporated many of these values (Kliebard, 2004). However as the common school developed in the early 19th century there was a shift from these values toward a common curriculum meeting industrial needs (Tyack, 1974). As the 20th century ended, significant federal and state legislation further funneled school curriculum to focus on very specific instruction …

Estimating Proximity To The Asymmetric Reconnection X-Line, Matthew Argall

Doctoral Dissertations

Magnetic reconnection is a process that changes magnetic topology, allows plasma transport across boundaries, and converts field potential energy to particle kinetic energy. All of these processes are tied to the X-line, or site of reconnection, yet current methods of locating the reconnection site either do not uniquely identify the the X-line or have not been tested when asymmetries in field strength and plasma density and temperature are present. Furthermore, identification of spacial structures (such as the X-line) as they traverse satellites is limited by hardware constraints. This thesis proposes a new method of locating the reconnection site for asymmetric …

Asymmetry In The Magnocellular And Parvocellular Pathways, Jenny Louise Lang

Doctoral Dissertations

Why humans are less sensitive to increment than decrement contrast remains unknown. One hypothesis is that the psychophysical asymmetry in increment and decrement thresholds results from an asymmetry in respective ON and OFF cell contrast gains. Contrast gain also differs, however, by the visual pathway within which the ON and OFF cells travel. Cells show greater contrast gain in the magnocellular (M) than parvocellular (P) pathway. Therefore, the asymmetry in increment and decrement thresholds may also differ by visual pathway. My first three experiments established that observers were more sensitive to decrement than increment contrast in both pathways, in monocular …

Dynamics Of A Tension Force-Driven Wave Energy Converter, Jason Ebner

Master's Theses and Capstones

Two prototype wave energy buoys were designed, modeled, constructed and field tested at the University of New Hampshire's Center of Ocean Renewable Energy offshore site utilizing Oscilla Power Inc.'s power take-off (PTO) units. Oscillating wave forces are used to power the PTOs. Due to design limitations in a taut-moored buoy system having inline PTOs, a suspended heave plate system was proposed. Tension oscillations in the vertical stay from the slack-moored buoy to the heave plate were used to drive the PTOs. To verify the heave plate concept met the oscillating tension amplitudes required, dynamic tests were performed using Froude scaled …

Video Copy Detection Utilizing Log-Polar Transformation, Daniel Reynolds

Master's Theses and Capstones

Video Copy Detection is the process of comparing two videos to determine their similarity and determine if they are copies. This thesis enhances some of the common algorithms used in Video Copy Detection by utilizing the Log-Polar transformation as a pre-processing step. This pre-processing step is expected to increase speed of the overall Video Copy Detection process while maintaining the accuracy of the algorithms. The results of this research show that the addition of a Log-Polar pre-processing step reduces the computation time of the overall Video Copy Detection process. The additional time necessary to perform the Log-Polar pre-processing step is …

Investigation On Epoxy Resin Yielding Under Pure Hydrostatic Stresses And A Novel Method To Reduce Microcracking, Hesam Jafari

Master's Theses and Capstones

Microcracking and failure in the resin pockets of 3D woven composites is caused by coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between composite components during cooling from the curing temperature. The failure of the matrix is known to be dependent on triaxial stress state. This study presents first measurements of the effect of pure hydrostatic stress on the failure of epoxy resin as a function of temperature. We found that failure triaxial stress for epoxy resin is not strongly temperature dependent. Strategies to reduce or eliminate microcrackings by means of modifications of the curing schedule are also presented. We show that it …

A Field Method For Backscatter Calibration Applied To Noaa's Reson 7125, Briana Welton

Master's Theses and Capstones

Acoustic seafloor backscatter measurements made by multiple Reson multibeamecho-sounders (MBES) used for hydrographic survey are observed to be inconsistent, affecting the quality of data products and impeding large-scale processing efforts. A method to conduct a relative inter and intra sonar calibration in the field using dual frequency Reson 7125 MBES has been developed, tested, and evaluated to improve the consistency of backscatter measurements made from multiple MBES systems. The approach is unique in that it determines a set of corrections for power, gain, pulse length, and an angle dependent calibration term relative to a single Reson 7125 MBES calibrated in …

Kingswood Lake Management Plan, Sarah Martina Tierney

Honors Theses and Capstones

High water quality and natural buffers exist on Kingswood Lake located in Brookfield, New Hampshire. A comprehensive lakes inventory (CSI) was recorded and health of the land, wildlife, and waterways were observed. Educational outreach was taken to inform the local community and to instruct them on proper stewardship of the land. A completed watershed management plan was constructed including key recommendation of limiting nitrogen loading in the area, checking septic systems for leaching, stabilizing shoreline from erosion, and establishing man-made rain gardens to help preserve water quality. The Kingswood watershed management plan acts as a guide for the town of …

Common Law Decision-Making, Constitutional Shadows, And The Value Of Consistency: The Jurisprudence Of William F. Batchelder, Lawrence Friedman

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

[Excerpt] “This is an essay about common law decision-making, with an emphasis on the value of consistency as it relates to claims about the legitimacy of judicial lawmaking. The legitimacy of judicial lawmaking is ever an issue, particularly, of course, in the cases at the margins—those instances in which precedent points the court in no obviously correct direction, a choice must be made between plausible alternative paths, and “a decision one way or the other,” as Benjamin Cardozo observed, “will count for the future, will advance or retard, sometimes much, sometimes little, the development of the law.””

Development Of The Nasa Celestial Navigation Method For Dynamic Extraterrestrial Surface Navigation, Jared Carl Perkins

Master's Theses and Capstones

The Celestial Navigation (CelNav) method was developed in conjunction with NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, to provide accurate location data for extraterrestrial surface navigation without the use of a global positioning system (GPS) or a ground/relay station. CelNav is a minimal sensor/power solution originally developed for static Lunar surface navigation. However, dynamic navigation via CelNav requires high-accuracy state estimates, due to the absence of key sensors such as a gyroscope, GPS, and a magnetometer. In this thesis, robust nonlinear state estimation techniques (the Sliding Mode Observer, the Extended Kalman Filter, and the H-Infinity Filter) are used with CelNav to accurately …

The Granite, 2014, University Of New Hampshire

The Granite – Yearbook

The yearbook of the New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, 1909-1922, the University of New Hampshire, 1923-