Digital Commons Network^™

Morphological Variation In Codium Fragile In The Northwest Atlantic, Lucy Elizabeth Pleticha

Master's Theses and Capstones

Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot, an invasive Asiatic green alga, has colonized areas of the NW Atlantic within the past fifty years. The plant has a dichotomously branched cylindrical thallus made of tangled filaments surrounded by a dense covering of swollen filament tips, or utricles, terminating in pointed mucrons. This study's goal was to investigate morphological differences in NW Atlantic C. fragile populations to determine which subspecies are present. In the summer of 2008, I surveyed 24 sites from the Canadian Maritimes to Long Island Sound and evaluated size variation in utricles. Morphological investigations revealed a two-fold difference in utricle and …

Conflict Resolution And Community Support For Conservation In The Northern Forest: A Comparative Case Study From Maine, Morgan A. Cottle

Master's Theses and Capstones

Rapid land ownership changes in the Northern Forest have spurred development as well as conservation. Local people have experienced differing degrees of participation in land use decisions. I compared two conservation projects from Maine to assess the policy processes, and local attitudes about the conservation project and land use. One was a top-down approach, the second a grassroots, private effort by local citizens to conserve forest land. I gathered my data via in person interviews, mail surveys, and analysis of legislative testimony.

My findings indicate that early local involvement leads to less conflict and greater acceptance of the project. Important …

Neo-Conservatism And Foreign Policy, Ted Boettner

Master's Theses and Capstones

Since the 1960s, neo-conservatives advanced their agenda through journals, think tanks, coalitions, and by serving as high-level government officials. While scholars have noted this influence, there's little written on how neo-conservative ideas have evolved and influenced foreign policy under these changing historical circumstances. Moreover, very little scholarship foils neo-conservatism against the two dominant approaches to foreign policy in the 20th century---realism and liberalism---to discover how they are held together as a group. This thesis finds that neo-conservatism is a political ideology of American foreign policy that has developed several common tendencies over the last forty years. These include an ardent …

The Social Construction Of Disability And The Modern-Day Healer, Jennifer Anne Vanderminden

Master's Theses and Capstones

Ramon Cuevas is a physical therapist and the founder of Cuevas Medek therapy (CME), a physical therapy for children with severe physical impairments. Since creating CME he has taught and practiced throughout the world. Families bring their children to see Ramon in his Chile office and elsewhere around the world to see him for therapy. I have conducted in-depth interviews with parents and Ramon, more than five weeks of participant-observation, and analyzed various online materials related to CME. I found that the community that is formed around these families and Ramon provides an excellent example of how disability is constructed …

The Transformative North Atlantic Treaty Organization: An Alliance's Out-Of-Area Policy And Journey To Afghanistan, Laura Kash

Master's Theses and Capstones

NATO was formed in 1949 to safeguard and promote stability for its members throughout the North Atlantic. Since its formation its members have sought to uphold its mission and objectives while expanding its agenda and engaging in a broad range of activities. These activities have included engagements that lay outside the traditional European boundaries of the Alliance. Historically, the member nations were unable to carry out an out-of-area policy due to disagreements between interests, ideologies, and viewpoints. The end of the Cold War signaled a shift in member nations' attitudes and policy regarding out-of-area operations. Throughout the 1990s and early …

The Granite, 2009, University Of New Hampshire

The Granite – Yearbook

The yearbook of the New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, 1909-1922, the University of New Hampshire, 1923-

Fine-Scale Activity, Distribution And Habitat Utilization Of Atlantic Cod (Gadus Morhua) On The Ipswich Bay Spawning Ground, Laughlin Siceloff

Master's Theses and Capstones

Data storage tags (DSTs) and acoustic telemetry were applied to examine cod spawning habitat utilization in Ipswich Bay and compare seasonal activity patterns. I tagged 200 spawning cod in Ipswich Bay during April--May 2006 with DSTs recording depth and temperature. Twenty-six cod were also implanted with acoustic transmitters and relocated manually and with stationary listening stations during May and June. Twenty-five DSTs were returned, showing that most cod departed the spawning ground during May and June and dispersed throughout the western Gulf of Maine. Cod shared a low vertical activity pattern in Ipswich Bay, but adopted various site-specific vertical behaviors …

Using Icesat's Geoscience Laser Altimeter System To Assess Large Scale Forest Disturbance Caused By Hurricane Katrina, Katelyn A. Dolan

Master's Theses and Capstones

We assessed the use of GLAS data as a tool to quantify large-scale forest damage. GLAS data for the year prior to and following Hurricane Katrina were compared to wind speed, forest cover, and MODIS NPV maps to analyze senor sampling, and changes in mean canopy height. We detected significant losses in mean canopy height post-Katrina that increased with wind intensity, from ∼.5m in forests hit by tropical storm winds to ∼4m in forests experiencing category two force winds. Season of data acquisition was shown to influence calculations of mean canopy height. There was insufficient sampling to adequately detect changes …

Patterns Of Population Structure And Productivity In Saltmarsh Sparrows, Jennifer Walsh

Master's Theses and Capstones

The Saltmarsh Sparrow (Ammodramus caudacutus) is one of the few species globally that is exclusively restricted to coastal wetlands. Despite the high vagility characteristic of avian species, the highly patchy distribution of tidal marshes can often lead to fine scale genetic structure in salt marsh obligates. To elucidate patterns of population structure, we investigated the degree of genetic differentiation among nine Saltmarsh Sparrow populations along the northeastern coastline of the United States. Although overall FST values were small (0.008), population substructuring was detected along with a positive correlation between geographic distance and genetic differentiation, suggesting that Ammodramus caudacutus follow an …

Integrating Landscapes That Have Experienced Rural Depopulation And Ecological Homogenization Into Tropical Conservation Planning, Aerin L. Jacob, Ismael Vaccaro, Raja Sengupta, Joel N. Hartter, Colin A. Chapman

Geography

If current trends of declining fertility rates and increasing abandonment of rural land as a result of urbanization continue, this will signal a globally significant transformation with important consequences for policy makers interested in conservation planning. This transformation is presently evident in a number of countries and projections suggest it may occur in the future in many developing countries. We use rates of population growth and urbanization to project population trends in rural areas for 25 example countries. Our projections indicate a general decline in population density that has either occurred already (e.g., Mexico) or may occur in the future …

Developing 1990, 2000, And 2005 Impervious Surface Estimates For Southern York County, Maine, David G. Justice, Fay A. Rubin

PREP Reports & Publications

Estimates of impervious surface acreage in 1990, 2000, and 2005 were generated for an 11-town region in York County, Maine, covered by the Piscataqua Region Estuaries Partnership (PREP). The project extended previous work done in New Hampshire, relying on comparable satellite-based data sources and image processing methodologies. As a result, standardized impervious surface estimates are now available for the entirety of the PREP region. The impervious surface estimates were derived by applying both traditional and subpixel classification techniques to 30-meter Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) satellite image data. The classifications indicated that …

Macroalgae And Eelgrass Mapping In Great Bay Estuary Using Aisa Hyperspectral Imagery, Shachak Pe'eri, J. Ru Morrison, Frederick T. Short, Arthur C. Mathieson, Anna Brook, Philip Trowbridge

PREP Reports & Publications

Increase in nitrogen concentration and declining eelgrass beds in Great Bay Estuary have been observed in the last decades. These two parameters are clear indicators of the impending problems for NH’s estuaries. The NH Department of Environmental Services (DES) in collaboration with the New Hampshire Estuaries Project (NHEP) adopted the assumption that eelgrass survival can be used as the water quality target for nutrient criteria development for NH’s estuaries. One of the hypotheses put forward regarding eelgrass decline is that a possible eutrophication response to nutrient increases in the Great Bay Estuary has been the proliferation of nuisance macroalgae, which …

Restoration Of Oyster (Crassostrea Virginica) Habitat For Multiple Estuarine Species Benefits, Shachak Pe'eri, J. Ru Morrison, Frederick T. Short, Arthur C. Mathieson, Anna Brook, Philip Trowbridge

PREP Reports & Publications

Increase in nitrogen concentration and declining eelgrass beds in Great Bay Estuary have been observed in the last decades. These two parameters are clear indicators of the impending problems for NH’s estuaries. The NH Department of Environmental Services (DES) in collaboration with the New Hampshire Estuaries Project (NHEP) adopted the assumption that eelgrass survival can be used as the water quality target for nutrient criteria development for NH’s estuaries. One of the hypotheses put forward regarding eelgrass decline is that a possible eutrophication response to nutrient increases in the Great Bay Estuary has been the proliferation of nuisance macroalgae, which …

The New Hampshire, Vol. 98 [99], No. 20 (Nov. 25, 2008), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 98, but it is the 99th volume in the series. This was corrected in pencil.

Rural Children Now Less Likely To Live In Married-Couple Families, Allison Churilla

Carsey Publications

The percentage of rural children living in married-couple families dropped to 68 percent in 2008, one percentage point below that of children in metropolitan areas. In 1990, 76 percent of rural children and 72 percent of metropolitan-area children were living in married-couple families. But while marriage declined in both areas in the 1990s, urban rates bottomed out at 68 percent in 1998. The share of rural children living in married-couple families plunged from 73 percent in 2000 to 68 percent in 2008.

Concentrated Rural Poverty And The Geography Of Exclusion, Daniel T. Lichter, Domenico Parisi

Carsey Publications

One-half of rural poor are segregated in high-poverty areas, a new policy brief co-published by the Carsey Institute at the University of New Hampshire and Rural Realities. This brief highlights the challenges faced by America's rural poor, particularly as they are physically and socially isolated from middle-class communities that might offer economic opportunities.

Study: Rural Poor Often Segregated In High-Poverty Areas, Amy Sterndale, Beth Potier

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

The New Hampshire, Vol. 98 [99], No. 17 (Nov. 14, 2008), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 98, but it is the 99th volume in the series. This was corrected in pencil.

Unh Professor Writes First Book About Life In The American College Town, Lori Wright

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

Trends In Wintertime Climate In The Northeastern United States: 1965–2005, Elizabeth A. Burakowski, Cameron P. Wake, Rob Braswell, David R. Brown

Earth Sciences

Humans experience climate variability and climate change primarily through changes in weather at local and regional scales. One of the most effective means to track these changes is through detailed analysis of meteorological data. In this work, monthly and seasonal trends in recent winter climate of the northeastern United States (NE-US) are documented. Snow cover and snowfall are important components of the region's hydrological systems, ecosystems, infrastructure, travel safety, and winter tourism and recreation. Temperature, snowfall, and snow depth data were collected from the merged United States Historical Climate Network (USHCN) and National Climatic Data Center Cooperative Network (COOP) data …

Fall 2008, Mcgee Donates Book Profits To Cie In Memory Of Bob Leblanc, Michelle Giguere

UNH International Educator Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Joel Hartter Assistant Professor Of Geography, College Of Liberal Arts Travels To Uganda, Joel Hartter

Faculty Travel Reports

Professor Hartter traveled to Uganda in June to conduct research on the impacts of a forest park on rural livelihoods.

Measures And Methods: Four Tenets For Rural Economic Development In The New Economy, Anita Brown-Graham, William Lambe

Carsey Publications

Rural communities working to find strategies for success in today's economy need to rethink the tools they are using. Brown-Graham is the executive director of the Institute for Emerging Issues and a policy fellow at the Carsey Institute. William Lambe is the associate director at the Community and Economic Development Program at the School of Government, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Fall 2008, November 19 Cie Open House To Be One Of Many Events During International Educaion Week, Center For International Education

UNH International Educator Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Using Moored Arrays And Hyperspectral Aerial Imagery To Develop Nutrient Criteria For New Hampshire's Estuaries, J. Ru Morrison, Thomas K. Gregory, Shachak Pe'eri, William H. Mcdowell, Philip Trowbridge

PREP Reports & Publications

Increasing nitrogen concentrations and declining eelgrass beds in Great Bay, NH are clear indicators of impending problems for the state’s estuaries. A workgroup established in 2005 by the NH Department of Environmental Services and the NH Estuaries Project (NHEP) adopted eelgrass survival as the water quality target for nutrient criteria development for NH’s estuaries. In 2007, the NHEP received a grant from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to collect water quality information including that from moored sensors and hyper-spectral imagery data of the Great Bay Estuary. Data from the Great Bay Coastal Buoy, part of the regional Integrated Ocean Observing …

Empirical Evidence For Impacts Of Internal Migration On Vegetation Dynamics In China From 1982 To 2000, Conghe Song, Jackson W. Lord, Liming Zhou, Jingfeng Xiao

All Materials

Migration is one of the major socio-economic characteristics of China since the country adopted the policy of economic reform in late 1970s. Many studies have been dedicated to understand why and how people move, and the consequences of their welfare. The purpose of this study is to investigate the environmental impacts of the large scale movement of population in China. We analyzed the trend in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) along with China migration data from the 1 percent national survey during 1982-1987, the 4th national census during 1985-1990 and the …

Population Growth In New Hispanic Destinations, Kenneth M. Johnson, Daniel T. Lichter

Carsey Publications

Natural increase—more births than deaths—is now the major engine of Hispanic population growth in many large metro areas and their suburbs, as well as numerous smaller metropolitan areas and rural communities. Hispanics now account for half of U.S. population growth, and Hispanic population growth is the reason many communities grew instead of declined.

Caretaker Satisfaction With Law Enforcement Response To Missing Children., Heather Hammer, David Finkelhor, Richard Ormrod, Andrea J. Sedlack, Carol Bruce

Crimes Against Children Research Center

Examines satisfaction with law enforcement from the perspective of all primary caretakers who contacted police when one or more of their children experienced a qualifying episode in the Second National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children (NISMART–2) National Household Survey of Adult Caretakers. This Bulletin is the eighth in the NISMART–2 series.

The Western Arctic Linkage Experiment (Wale): Overview And Synthesis, A. D. Mcguire, J. E. Walsh, J. S. Kimball, J. S. Clein, S. E. Euskirchen, S. Drobot, U. C. Herzfeld, J. Maslanik, Richard B. Lammers, M. A. Rawlins, J. Maslanik

Faculty Publications

The primary goal of the Western Arctic Linkage Experiment (WALE) was to better understand uncertainties of simulated hydrologic and ecosystem dynamics of the western Arctic in the context of 1) uncertainties in the data available to drive the models and 2) different approaches to simulating regional hydrology and ecosystem dynamics. Analyses of datasets on climate available for driving hydrologic and ecosystem models within the western Arctic during the late twentieth century indicate that there are substantial differences among the mean states of datasets for temperature, precipitation, vapor pressure, and radiation variables. Among the studies that examined temporal trends among the …

Global N Removal By Freshwater Aquatic Systems Using A Spatially Distributed, Within‐Basin Approach, Wilfred M. Wollheim, Charles J. Vorosmarty, A. F. Bouwman, Pamela Green, John Harrison, Ernst Linder, Bruce J. Peterson, Sybil P. Seitzinger, James P. M. Syvitski

Faculty Publications

We explored the role of aquatic systems in the global N cycle using a spatially distributed, within‐basin, aquatic nitrogen (N) removal model, implemented within the Framework for Aquatic Modeling in the Earth System (FrAMES‐N). The model predicts mean annual total N (TN) removal by small rivers (with drainage areas from 2.6–1000 km2), large rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, using a 30′ latitude × longitude river network to route and process material from continental source areas to the coastal zone. Mean annual aquatic TN removal (for the mid‐1990s time period) is determined by the distributions of aquatic TN inputs, mean annual hydrological …