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Intercultural Contact And The Creation Of Albany's New Diplomatic Landscape, 1647--1680, Holly Anne Rine

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation analyzes the process of Albany's rise to the center of American Indian-European relations on the northeast coast of North America between the years 1647--1680. By the year 1677 the Albany courthouse served as the meeting place for the negotiations that formed the Covenant Chain between the Five Nations of the Iroquois and the English colonies of North America. To reach this important development, however, took years of political, military, economic and cultural struggle. Moreover, these struggles were not merely between the Iroquois and the English who would eventually negotiate the Covenant Chain, but within them as well.

Moreover, …

Inter-Annual And Decadal Variation In The Pelagic Marine Ecosystem Of The Yellow And East China Seas, Seung-Hyun Son

Doctoral Dissertations

The water-leaving radiance measurements and chlorophyll concentrations of the Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) and the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) were compared to investigate decadal trends in the Yellow and East China Seas (YECS). A unified bio-optical algorithm was derived to convert CZCS pigments to SeaWiFS chlorophyll concentrations. The conversion is applied to level-2 CZCS data.

We established monthly variations in the stratified and well-mixed areas using a coupled ocean wave-circulation model and the ocean color satellite data for estimating primary productivity in the Yellow Sea using satellite observations. The model results were compared with remotely sensed sea surface …

Writing American Subjects: Race, Composition, And The Daily Themes Assignment For English 12 At Harvard, 1886--1887, Amy A. Zenger

Doctoral Dissertations

This study works to develop a way of reading the functions of race in classroom contexts---specifically in the predominantly white contexts in which composition was formed as a university subject. The model of race chosen for this study is based on critical race theories that conceive of race as being socially constructed, but also a force that organizes identity and experience in powerful ways, even when (or perhaps especially when) its presence is apparently silent---or is, in the terminology of Charles Mills, "normalized."

Primary data for the study is drawn from materials related to the daily theme assignment designed by …

The Granite, 2004, University Of New Hampshire

The Granite – Yearbook

The yearbook of the New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, 1909-1922, the University of New Hampshire, 1923-

History Map Collection Featured At Unhs Fifth Annual Gis Day, David Sims

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

Warming Winters And New Hampshire’S Lost Ski Areas: An Integrated Case Study, Lawrence C. Hamilton, David E. Rohall, Gregg F. Hayward, Barry D. Keim

Sociology

New Hampshire’s mountains and winter climate support a ski industry that contributes substantially to the state economy. Through more than 70 years of history, this industry has adapted and changed with its host society. The climate itself has changed during this period too, in ways that influenced the ski industry’s development. During the 20th century, New Hampshire’s mean winter temperature warmed about 2.1° C (3.8° F). Much of that change occurred since 1970. The mult‐decadal variations in New Hampshire winters follow global temperature trends. Snowfall exhibits a downward trend, strongest in southern New Hampshire, and also correlates with the North …

Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Croplands Of China, Changsheng Li, Xiangming Xiao, Steve Frolking, B Moore, William A. Salas, Jianjun Qiu, Zhang Yu, Yahui Zhuang, Xiaoke Wang, Zhaohua Dai, Jiyuan Liu, Xiaoguang Qin, Liao Bohan, Ronald Sass

Earth Sciences

China possesses cropland of 1.33 million km ². Cultivation of the cropland not only altered the biogeochemical cycles of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in the agroecosystems but also affected global climate. The impacts of agroecosystems on global climate attribute to emissions of three greenhouse gases, namely carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O).

Seasonal Deuterium Excess In A Tien Shan Ice Core: Influence Of Moisture Transport And Recycling In Central Asia, K Kreutz, Cameron P. Wake, V Aizen, L Dewayne Cecil, Hans-Arno Synal

Earth Sciences

Stable water isotope (δ¹⁸O, δD) data from a high elevation (5100 masl) ice core recovered from the Tien Shan Mountains, Kyrgyzstan, display a seasonal cycle in deuterium excess (d = δD − 8*δ¹⁸O) related to changes in the regional hydrologic cycle during 1994–2000. While there is a strong correlation (r² = 0.98) between δ¹⁸O and δD in the ice core samples, the regression slope (6.9) and mean d value (23.0) are significantly different than the global meteoric water line values. The resulting time-series ice core d profile contains distinct winter maxima and …

West Greenland's Cod-To-Shrimp Transition: Local Dimensions Of Climatic Change, Lawrence C. Hamilton, Benjamin C. Brown, Rasmos Ole Rasmussen

Sociology

Abstract

West Greenland's transition from a cod-fishing to a shrimp-fishing economy, ca. 1960-90, provides a case study in the human dimensions of climatic change. Physical, biological, and social systems interacted in complex ways to affect coastal communities. For this integrated case study, we examine linkages between atmospheric conditions (including the North Atlantic Oscillation), ocean circulation, ecosystem conditions, fishery activities, and the livelihoods and population changes of two West Greenland towns: Sisimiut, south of Disko Bay, and Paamiut, on the southwest coast. Sisimiut prospered as a fishing center through the cod-to-shrimp transition. Paamiut, more specialized in cod fishing, declined. Their stories …

The New Hampshire, Vol. 92 [93], No. 42 (April 4, 2003), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 92, but it is the 93rd volume in the series. This was corrected in pencil.

Are There Spurious Temperature Trends In The United States Climate Division Database, Barry D. Keim, Adam M. Wilson, Cameron P. Wake, Thomas G. Huntington

Earth Sciences

The United States (U.S.) Climate Division data set is commonly used in applied climatic studies in the United States. The divisional averages are calculated by including all available stations within a division at any given time. The averages are therefore vulnerable to shifts in average station location or elevation over time, which may introduce spurious trends within these data. This paper examines temperature trends within the 15 climate divisions of New England, comparing the NCDC's U.S. Divisional Data to the U.S. Historical Climate Network (USHCN) data. Correlation and multiple regression revealed that shifts in latitude, longitude, and elevation have affected …

Measurement And Modeling Of The Sources And Sinks Of Greenhouse Gases From Northern Wetlands, Nigel T. Roulet, Steve Frolking, P M. Lafleur, T Moore, Pierre J.H. Richard

Earth Sciences

Northern wetlands contain ≈30% of the world’s terrestrial carbon store, resulting from the incomplete decomposition of plant material inhibited because oxygen diffusion is limited by water saturation of the soil. While this behaviour results in a sink for CO2, anaerobic pathways of decomposition result in wetlands being a large, but variable, source of CH4. Northern wetlands tend to be nitrogen-impoverished, therefore they are not an important source of N2O. However, nitrogen deposition, peat extraction, and other land-use changes have the potential to alter their greenhouse gas (GHG) sink/source function. Until recently, most of the studies on the atmosphere-biosphere exchange of …

The Grounding Of An Ice Shelf In The Central Arctic Ocean: A Modeling Experiment, Martin Jakobsson, M Siegert, Mark Paton

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

A numerical ice sheet model was used in a first test towards evaluating the hypothesis that, during a period of large-scale glaciation, an ice shelf emanating from the Barents/Kara Seas grounded across parts of the Lomonosov Ridge to a depth of around 1000 m below present sea level (Jakobsson, 1999; Polyak et al., 2001). Despite that we not include complex ice shelf physics or grounding line mechanics in our model and treat the process of marine melting in a simple manner, our experiments are the necessary first steps toward providing a comprehensive reconstruction of the former ice-sheet/ice-shelf system in the …

Bachelor Degree Completions By College, 1998-2002, University Of New Hampshire. Institutional Research And Assessment

UNH Factbooks

University of New Hampshire factbook data from the 2002-2003 academic year

Introducing Performance Into The Communication Curriculum For Engineers: Breaking The Mould, Constance Matilda Israel

Doctoral Dissertations

Education in South Africa has, thankfully, not escaped the winds of change. The introduction of Outcomes-based Education (OBE) has generated much debate. How have technikons responded to the educational transformation impelled by sociopolitical change? I refer here specifically to the Communication curricula for engineers at Mangosuthu Technikon.

This research explores the effects in my Communication classroom of introducing performance, through games and a dramatic text. My intention is to subvert the potential dangers of OBE, given its behaviourist and prescriptive thrust, and a possible reversion to the transmission model in its application at Mantec. I argue that gaps in the …

Intimacy With The Natural World: A Humanistic Perspective, Gabriel F. Bautista

Doctoral Dissertations

Thomas Berry's "intimacy with the natural world" is not an alternative to the anthropocentric-biocentric dispute, which belong to the same rationality. The frontier story and environmentalism are both part of the same rationality because they ignore people. While anthropocentrism is focused on the utilization of natural resources, biocentrism is focused on nature's conservation. The frontier and environmental narrative provides the explicit genealogy of intimacy-alienation, which are always in counterpoint with each other. Further still, if intimacy means only "intimacy with the natural world", then it is a hypostatization of "wilderness" that indicates more alienation. Nevertheless, in my interpretation, intimacy has …

The Central New England Sea Breeze Study, Samuel T K Miller

Doctoral Dissertations

The synoptic and mesoscale environments conducive to the formation of sea breezes were examined, as well as the spatial and temporal evolution of sea-breeze circulations, gravity currents, and fronts along the central New England coast. Sea breeze events were defined as occurring when the observed surface wind direction began the day outside the southeast quadrant, shifted to southeast by afternoon, then shifted back out of the southeast quadrant in the evening, driven by mesoscale, insolation-induced cross-shore temperature gradients.

The meso-alpha (200--2000 km) sea-breeze forcing in the study area was defined as a combination of the cross-shore potential temperature gradient (deltatheta/deltax) …

Factors Affecting Plant Community Composition And Dynamics In The Ossipee Pine Barrens, New Hampshire, Lauren Fredrick Howard

Doctoral Dissertations

Forty-one 0.25 ha sites were sampled in the Ossipee Pine Barrens to identify and describe tree community types and investigate factors controlling forest composition and dynamics. Every site had three site-time assemblages (STA's) representing past, present, and future trees. Past (1952) vegetation was calculated based on reverse growth estimates of current stems and stumps. Future (2052) vegetation was predicted by current sapling (<10 cm dbh and ≥1 m tall) relative densities.

Cluster analysis produced three community types from 121 STA's: pitch pine, mixed pine-hardwoods, and red maple. Pitch pine communities comprised 63% of sites in 1952, but declined since. Mixed pine-hardwoods peaked at 58% in 2002, but were …

Headcount Of Majors In Baccalaureate Programs, Fall 1998 - Fall 2002, University Of New Hampshire. Institutional Research And Assessment

UNH Factbooks

University of New Hampshire factbook data from the 2002-2003 academic year

University Of New Hampshire Neasc Self-Study Report 2003. Cihe Data Form Vi: Faculty Profile: Unh/Unh-Manchester, University Of New Hampshire

NEASC Self-Study

Documents related to the New England Association of Schools and Colleges (NEASC) self-study to assess compliance with accreditation standards and to advance the University's Academic Plan.

Vocational Science And The Politics Of Independence: The Boston Marine Society, 1754--1812, Matthew Gaston Mckenzie

Doctoral Dissertations

Between 1754 and 1812 the Boston Marine Society developed vocational scientific practices adapted from day-to-day work routines to expand the navigational knowledge of New England's coastlines. For this reason, the Marine Society's navigational work suggests important parallels with the history of colonial science in other areas during the late eighteenth century. Notwithstanding most other studies in the history of American science, the Boston Marine Society indicates that colonial Boston shipmasters were not dependent upon learned societies for their navigational research needs. Rather, they adapted their mutual aid society and developed methodologies to collect navigational observations, analyze them for reliability and …

U.S. East Coast Trough Indices At 500 Hpa And New England Winter Climate Variability, James A. Bradbury, Barry D. Keim, Cameron P. Wake

Earth Sciences

Using monthly gridded 500-hPa data, two synoptic indices are defined to better understand the principle mechanisms controlling intraseasonal to multiannual winter climate variability in NewEngland (NE). The “trough axis index” (TAI) is created to quantify the mean longitudinal position of the common East Coast pressure trough, and the “trough intensity index” (TII) is calculated to estimate the relative amplitude of this trough at 42.5°N. The TAI and TII are then compared with records for NE regional winter precipitation, temperature, and snowfall with the goal of understanding physical mechanisms linking NE winter climate with regional sea surface temperatures (SST), the North …

The New Hampshire, Vol. 92 [93], No. 22 (Nov. 22, 2002), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 92, but it is the 93rd volume in the series. This was corrected in pencil.

Analysis Of Vesicular Basalts And Lava Emplacement Processes For Application As A Paleobarometer/Paleoaltimeter, Dork L. Sahagian, Alexander A. Prusevich, William D. Carlson

Faculty Publications

We have developed a method for determining paleoelevations of highland areas on the basis of the vesicularity of lava flows. Vesicular lavas preserve a record of paleopressure at the time and place of emplacement because the difference in internal pressure in bubbles at the base and top of a lava flow depends on atmospheric pressure and lava flow thickness. At the top of the flow, the pressure is simply atmospheric pressure, while at the base, there is an additional contribution of hydrostatic lava overburden. Thus the modal size of the vesicle (bubble) population is larger at the top than at …

The New Hampshire, Vol. 92 [93], No. 12 (Oct. 18, 2002), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 92, but it is the 93rd volume in the series. This was corrected in pencil.

Unh Recognizes World Food Day Oct 16, El Farrell

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

National Estimates Of Missing Children: An Overview., Andrea J. Sedlack, David Finkelhor, Heather Hammer, Dana Schultz

Crimes Against Children Research Center

Presents an overview of the second National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children (NISMART-2). First in a series summarizing NISMART-2 findings, this Bulletin describes NISMART component surveys and estimating methodology and defines the types of missing child episodes studied: nonfamily abduction (including stereotypical kidnapping); family abduction; runaway/thrownaway; missing involuntary, lost, or injured; and missing benign explanation. The Bulletin also presents national estimates for children classified as caretaker missing and those reported missing to law enforcement or other agencies, by type of episode and by child's age, gender, and race/ethnicity. The authors note that only a small proportion …

Nonfamily Abducted Children: National Estimates And Characteristics., David Finkelhor, Heather Hammer, Andrea J. Sedlack

Crimes Against Children Research Center

Presents national estimates of children abducted by nonfamily perpetrators, based on surveys of households and law enforcement agencies. The Bulletin, which is part of a series summarizing findings from the Second National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children (NISMART–2), also analyzes characteristics of victims, perpetrators, and episodes. During the study period, an estimated 58,200 children were abducted by nonfamily perpetrators; 115 were victims of stereotypical kidnappings. Teenagers were the most frequent victims. Nearly half of all victims were sexually assaulted. In 40 percent of stereotypical kidnappings, the child was killed; in another 4 percent, the child was …

Runaway/Thrownaway Children: National Estimates And Characteristics., Heather Hammer, David Finkelhor, Andrea J. Sedlack

Crimes Against Children Research Center

Presents national estimates of children who ran away from or were thrown out of their homes, based on surveys of households and juvenile facilities. The Bulletin, which is part of a series summarizing findings from the Second National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children (NISMART–2), also analyzes characteristics of runaway/thrownaway children and episodes. Of the estimated 1,682,900 youth with a runaway/thrownaway episode during the study period, 37 percent were missing from their caretakers, and 21 percent were reported to authorities for help in locating them. Two-thirds of youth with a runaway/thrownaway episode were ages 15–17, and 71 …

Children Abducted By Family Members: National Estimates And Characteristics., Heather Hammer, David Finkelhor, Andrea J. Sedlack

Crimes Against Children Research Center

Presents national estimates of children abducted by family members in 1999, their demographic characteristics, and the characteristics of perpetrators and episodes. The Bulletin is part of a series summarizing findings from the second National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children (NISMART-2). Of the estimated 203,900 children who experienced a family abduction, 117,200 were classified as caretaker missing and 56,500 were reported as missing to law enforcement or other agencies. Younger children were at greatest risk of being abducted by a family member. Use of threats or physical force was uncommon. The Bulletin also discusses policy implications of …