Digital Commons Network^™

Machine Vision Based Speed Control And Its Application In Autonomous Uav Snow Depth Remote Sensing, Jacob Matthew Shaker

Master's Theses and Capstones

Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) sensors are an effective way to unobtrusively measure snow depth using Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). LiDAR snow depth estimation performs poorly when scanning obstructed areas due to a reduction in LiDAR ground returns. When using Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS) to measure snow depth in forests, trees obstruct LiDAR laser pulses from penetrating to the forest floor, thus, reducing the number of returns. Decreasing UAV flight speed increases the total number of returns which, in turn, can improve snow depth estimates but reduces the sampling extent. In this work, it is shown that Machine Vision (MV) …

Investigation Of Motor Programming In Childhood Apraxia Of Speech, Madison Smith

Master's Theses and Capstones

The underlying nature of the motor programming disorder in stroke-related apraxia of speech (AOS) has received extensive investigation. This is not the case for childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). CAS and AOS present with many of the same perceptual characteristics (increased intersegment and segment duration ((i.e., segmentation)), equal lexical stress, and speech sound distortions), however, little work has been done to investigate whether the disorders have the same mechanism of action (McNeil, Robin, & Schmidt, 2009). Previous studies investigating motor programming in AOS have utilized a two-stage model developed by Klapp (2003). This model breaks down the motor programming process …

Alexandrium Spp. And Pseudo-Nitzschia Spp. Cohabitation In The Gulf Of Maine, Tiffany Winter

Master's Theses and Capstones

Globally, harmful algal blooms are a severe issue for marine ecosystems, animals, and humans both ecologically and economically. The Gulf of Maine is no stranger to harmful algal blooms, specifically the dinoflagellate, Alexandrium catenella, that has routinely been forming toxic blooms since the early 1970s. In 2016, a new species, the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia spp. formed a massive bloom and has had annual blooms since. Anecdotally, these two species do not bloom concurrently, suggesting there may be specific environmental conditions that promote bloom formation for each species. The intent of this research is to uncover potential parameters that are affecting bloom …

Using Unpiloted Aerial Vehicle Structure From Motion And Snowmodel To Map Spatial Distribution Of Wind Deposited Snow In Mount Washington, Nh Avalanche Terrain, Cameron Wagner

Master's Theses and Capstones

East of the Rocky Mountains, United States avalanche terrain is almost exclusive to Mount Washington, New Hampshire. Mount Washington’s east-aspect glacial cirques are subject to frequent wind slab avalanche problems due to high winds and ample snowfall in fetch areas above the cirques. Quantification of these slabs’ location, extent, and depth is an integral part of avalanche forecasting and risk assessment. This research used SnowModel, a spatially distributed snow-evolution model, to simulate wind slab depth maps using Mount Washington Observatory meteorologic station data on a 1 m grid. SnowModel’s SnowTran-3D, a snow redistribution by wind algorithm, is tested for one …

Moment-To-Moment Fluctuations In Sustained Attention In Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury, Kelly Claire Marinick

Master's Theses and Capstones

ABSTRACTMOMENT-TO-MOMENT FLUCTUATIONS IN SUSTAINED ATTENTION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY By Kelly Marinick University of New Hampshire Introduction: The present study examined moment-to-moment variations in reaction time (RT) using the Complexity Estimate (CE), a measure of system entropy. The primary hypothesis explored whether system entropy (CE) is higher in mild TBI (TBI) compared to neurologically healthy controls. The secondary hypothesis was to examine whether system entropy increases with task difficulty in both populations, but to a greater extent in those who have experienced TBI. Methods: 27 individuals who had experienced a TBI and 22 neurologically healthy individuals aged between …

Effects Of Tag Type And Environment On Migratory Success Of Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka) Smolts Through A Counting Fence, Tyler Parent

Master's Theses and Capstones

Understanding behavior and quantifying survival is vital to the conservation of anadromous fishes. Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) are one of the most economically and culturally important fish in the world, but some populations are declining, particularly in the Fraser River watershed in British Columbia, Canada. Within the Fraser River basin, Chilko Lake is one of the most prolific Sockeye Salmon populations, and Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) has operated a counting fence at the mouth of the river for several decades to enumerate outmigrating smolts. Previous studies identified the clear water landscapes immediately downstream of the fence as high-risk, with …

Preliminary Validation Of A High-Performance Electrothermal Model Of An Electromagnetic Heating System, Jeremiah Vardaman

Master's Theses and Capstones

To aid in the design and development of an electrical induction thermoplastic pipe-fusion product, Ansys HFSS, an electromagnetics simulation package, and Ansys Mechanical, a thermal dynamics simulation package, were used to simulate a model of the pipe-fusion product. HFSS estimated the currents induced in conductive susceptors embedded in the pipe fitting. Then, Mechanical estimated temperature dynamics on the susceptors as a function of the induced currents. The heat generated by induced currents on the susceptors increases temperatures in the vicinity of the region to be fused. The increased temperature of the thermoplastic facilitates a pipe fuse. The simulation results were …

Remote Sensing Of Riparian Areas And Invasive Species, Molly E. Yanchuck

Master's Theses and Capstones

Riparian areas are critical landscape features situated between terrestrial and aquatic environments, which provide a host of ecosystem functions and services. Although important to the environmental health of an ecosystem, riparian areas have been degraded by anthropogenic disturbances. These routine disturbances have decreased the resiliency of riparian areas and increased their vulnerability to invasive plant species. Invasive plant species are non-native species which cause harm to the ecosystem and thrive in riparian areas due to the access to optimal growing conditions.Remote sensing provides an opportunity to manage riparian habitats at a regional and local level with imagery collected by satellites …

Performing Relationships During Special Occasion Openings, Ashley Kayla White

Comm-entary

All conversations start with an opening. However, opening sequences take on different and at times more grandiose representations during special or uncommon interactional events. How these openings are performed, furthermore, conveys much about the social dynamics and relationships between interactants. The goal of this research is to explore how special event opening practices display relationships between people in day-to-day interaction by drawing from two recordings of special occasion communication. To achieve this, a conversation analytic perspective is employed and several concepts are analyzed in conjunction with openings. These include preference organization, affiliation, repair, body torque and spatial orientation, gaze, epistemics, …

2022-2023 Faculty Senate Xxvii - April 24, 2023 Minutes Summary, Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Agendas & Minutes

No abstract provided.

Coarse Particulate Matter Air Quality In East Asia: Implications For Fine Particulate Nitrate, Shixian Zhai, Daniel J. Jacob, Drew C. Pendergrass, Nadia K. Colombi, Viral Shah, Laura Hyesung Yang, Qiang Zhang, Shuxiao Wang, Hwajin Kim, Yele Sun, Jin-Soo Choi, Jin-Soo Park, Gan Luo, Fangqun Yu, Jung-Hun Woo, Younha Kim, Jack E. Dibb, Taehyoung Lee, Jin-Seok Han, Bruce E. Anderson, Ke Li, Hong Liao

Faculty Publications

Air quality network data in China and South Korea show very high year-round mass concentrations of coarse particulate matter (PM), as inferred by the difference between PM10 and PM2.5. Coarse PM concentrations in 2015 averaged 52 µg m−3 in the North China Plain (NCP) and 23 µg m−3 in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), contributing nearly half of PM10. Strong daily correlations between coarse PM and carbon monoxide imply a dominant source from anthropogenic fugitive dust. Coarse PM concentrations in the NCP and the SMA decreased by 21 % from 2015 to 2019 and further dropped abruptly in 2020 due …

Time-Lapse Seafloor Surveys Reveal How Turbidity Currents And Internal Tides In Monterey Canyon Interact With The Seabed At Centimeter-Scale, M. Wolfson-Schwehr, C. K. Paull, D. W. Caress, R. Gwiazda, N. M. Nieminski, P. J. Talling, C. Carvajal, S. Simmons, G. Troni

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Here we show how ultra-high resolution seabed mapping using new technology can help to understand processes that sculpt submarine canyons. Time-lapse seafloor surveys were conducted in the axis of Monterey Canyon, ∼50 km from the canyon head (∼1,840 m water depth) over an 18-month period. These surveys comprised 5-cm resolution multibeam bathymetry, 1-cm resolution lidar bathymetry, and 2-mm resolution stereophotographic imagery. Bathymetry data reveal centimeter-scale textures that would be undetectable by more traditional survey methods. Upward-looking Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers at the site recorded the flow character of internal tides and the passage of three turbidity currents, while sediment cores …

Great Bay Estuary Tier 2 Seagrass/Seaweed Monitoring Program 2023-2027 Quality Assurance Project Plan, Kalle Matso, Trevor Mattera, Lara Martin, Tom Gregory, Nate Gruen

PREP Reports & Publications

No abstract provided.

Searching For Control Of The Bacillus Subtilis Spore Surface, Charlotte Thomas

Inquiry Journal Spring 2023

Proteins are involved in an endless number of biological processes. However, their utility in engineering and medical purposes is limited by their fragility outside of their native environment. One method that scientists have developed to remedy this is by genetically engineering the bacterial spores of Bacillus subtilis to present the proteins of interest on their surface. In summer 2022, with funding from the Research Experience and Apprenticeship Program (REAP) at UNH, I performed research that aimed to improve this technique. Our goal was to further develop a system to control the amount of protein expressed on the surface of the …

Cardiorespiratory And Metabolic Responses To Low-Intensity Blood Flow Restricted Running, Violet Sullivan

Inquiry Journal Spring 2023

Competitive long-distance running can result in overuse injuries which may hinder participation and success. Reducing running frequency and intensity can lead to detraining, meaning losing fitness. Blood flow restricted exercise is a rehabilitative training method wherein a pressurized cuff is applied to the upper portion of the upper or lower extremities, reducing blood flow. Blood flow restriction can be applied to low-intensity aerobic exercise such as running or walking and may elicit higher cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses than training without blood flow restriction, though still lower than that of high-intensity training. For this reason, runners could benefit from low-intensity blood …

Understanding The Behavioral And Neurobiological Mechanisms Of Relapse In Alcohol Use Disorder, Hannah Manning

Inquiry Journal Spring 2023

Excessive alcohol consumption causes 95,000 fatalities in the United States every year, making it a leading cause of death. Approximately 14.5 million people, ages 12 and up, suffer from alcohol use disorder (AUD), otherwise known as alcoholism or alcohol addiction. Alcohol use disorder is a chronic, relapsing brain condition that causes impaired cognitive functioning towards alcohol. While there are treatments available, the propensity for alcoholics to relapse during recovery remains a major challenge to successful treatment. Understanding the neural and behavioral mechanisms underlying relapse into alcohol abuse is a current research interest for those who are trying to improve treatment …

01 7700 Closeout Procedures_Project Record Documents, Stephanie L. Weatherbee

Chapter 2 – Project Process

No abstract provided.

Supportive Program Strengths And Gaps For New Hampshire Families: "Just Enough Money To Barely Pay For Most Things", Sarah Boege, Jess Carson

Carsey Publications

In this brief, authors Sarah Boege and Jess Carson describe child and family program use and gaps among respondents to the 2022 New Hampshire Preschool Development Grant Family Needs Assessment Survey. Parents with children under age nine were asked about programs to help meet family food needs and to support child development and education. The authors find that nearly half of parent respondents used at least one of the programs in question, with the National School Lunch Program having the widest reach. Responding parents were generally familiar with food assistance programs, but less familiar with child development and education programs. …

Integration And Operation Of Drix-12 Aboard Noaa Ship Thomas Jefferson, Val Schmidt, Rob Downs, John Doroba, Michelle Levano

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

In the summer of 2023, through funding provided by NOAA’s Uncrewed Systems (UxS) Operations Center within the Office of Marine Operations, NOAA acquired a DriX uncrewed surface vehicle (USV) (Exail Inc.). The project is a collaborative effort by NOAA’s Office of Coast Survey and NOAA Fisheries to operationalize the use of uncrewed systems to improve the efficiency of acoustic surveys from NOAA's ships. Sea Acceptance Testing of the vehicle was performed in collaboration with the University of New Hampshire’s Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping (CCOM) in August 2022. Initial deployment and training of personnel aboard the NOAA Ship Thomas …

Increasing Efficiency Of Nautical Chart Production And Accessibility To Marine Environment Data Through An Open-Science Compilation Workflow, Christos Kastrisios, Noel Dyer, Tamer Nada, Stilianos Contarinis, Jose Cordero

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC) data are essential for safe maritime navigation and have multiple other uses in a wide range of enterprises. Charts are relied upon to be as accurate and as up-to-date as possible by the vessels moving vast amounts of products to global ports each year. However, cartographic generalization processes for updating and creating ENCs are complex and time-consuming. Increasing the efficiency of the chart production workflow has been long sought by the nautical charting community. Toward this effort, approaches must consider intended scale, data quality, various chart features, and perform consistently in different scenarios. Additionally, supporting open-science …

Raising Broilers, Tom Danko

UNH Cooperative Extension

Broilers are hybrid chickens bred for fast growth and finish. Typically raised to about 5 pounds, they are usually processed between 7 and 9 weeks of age. Birds slaughtered between 9 and 12 weeks of age, typically weigh between 7 and 10 lbs. and are called roasters.

The Ministerial Role Of The President Of The Senate In Counting Electoral Votes: A Post-January 6 Perspective

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

Despite decisively losing the 2020 popular and electoral votes, Donald Trump attempted to retain presidential power by trying to persuade Vice President Mike Pence to misuse his role as President of the Senate during the electoral vote count to withhold some votes from former Vice President Joe Biden. Pence refused, and Biden’s election was recognized, but only after some Trump supporters violently assaulted the United States Capitol Building and personnel there. Congress subsequently passed legislation to address the process of counting electoral votes, which in part clarified the President of the Senate’s limited and ministerial role in the process. Although …

Is Internet Voting Trustworthy? The Science And The Policy Battles

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

According to clear scientific consensus, no known technology can make internet voting secure. In some applications—such as e-pollbooks (voter sign-in), voter registration, and absentee ballot request—it is appropriate to use the internet, as the inherent insecurity can be mitigated by other means. But the insecurity of paperless transmission of a voted ballot through the internet cannot be mitigated.

The law recognizes this in several ways. Courts have enjoined the use of certain paperless or internet-connected voting systems. Federal law requires states to allow voters to use the internet to request absentee ballots but carefully stops short of internet ballot return …

Refining Statutory Construction: Contextualism & Deference

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

This Article urges a novel structure for marrying statutory construction and Chevron deference into a paradigm best described as contextualism. All too often jurists and scholars describe modern statutory construction as dominated by textualism. Textualism is too simplistic and obscures how invariably courts employ a contextualist analysis when construing language. Contextualism, not textualism, is—and always has been—the paradigm for statutory construction. Focusing on contextualism in lieu of textualism promotes an acute focus on what aids in construction a court is willing to entertain, and the Article illustrates that liberal and conservative judges alike employ a contextual analysis while they may …

Entering Animals In 4-H Online, Extension

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Assessing And Understanding Soil Characteristics, Stephanie Sosinski

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Medicaid Transition Small Stakeholder Meeting, Lucy C. Hodder, Deborah Fournier, Molly Umana

All Materials

No abstract provided.

Institutional Grantmaking To New Hampshire Nonprofits, Jess Carson, Alison Moore

Carsey Publications

In 2019, the New Hampshire Funders Forum contacted the Carsey School of Public Policy at the University of New Hampshire for support in creating an inaugural report on institutional grantmaking in the state. After initial exploration raised questions about the comprehensiveness of existing data sources, the Funders Forum commissioned Carsey to develop an alternate approach utilizing original tax filings to create the most accurate and comprehensive portrait of institutional grantmaking in the state available. This report represents the culmination of that effort and is intended to provide a baseline description of institutional grantmakers that support New Hampshire nonprofits for members …

Darius Andrews Of Sumner, Maine: An Update, Kathrine C. Aydelott

Faculty Publications

This brief essay is an update to “Darius Andrews of Sumner, Maine: A Descent from Henry Andrews of Taunton, Massachusetts,” which is available online from the University of New Hampshire Scholars’ Repository, which see for context.

Dairy Knowledge Bowl Packet, Extension

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.