Digital Commons Network^™

Dietary Cation–Anion Difference May Explain Why Ammonium Urate Nephrolithiasis Occurs More Frequently In Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) Under Human Care Than In Free-Ranging Common Bottlenose Dolphins1, A. J. Ardente, R. S. Wells, C. R. Smith, M. T. Walsh, E. D. Jensen, T. L. Schmitt, J. Colee, B. J. Vagt, R. C. Hill

United States Navy: Publications

Ammonium urate nephrolithiasis frequently develops in common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) managed under human care but is rare in free-ranging common bottlenose dolphins. In other species, the dietary cation–anion difference (DCAD) can affect ammonium urate urolith formation by increasing proton excretion as ammonium ions. Therefore, differences in diet between the 2 dolphin populations could affect urolith formation, but the DCAD of most species consumed by free-ranging and managed dolphins is unknown. To compare the nutrient composition of diets consumed by free-ranging and managed bottlenose dolphins, samples (n = 5) of the 8 species of fish commonly consumed …

Is Male Androphilia A Context-Dependent Cross-Cultural Universal?, Raymond B. Hames, Zachary H. Garfield, Melissa J. Garfield

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

The cross-cultural ethnographic literature has traditionally used the label male “homosexuality” to describe sexual relationships between biological males without considering whether or not the concept encompasses primary sexual attraction to adult males. Although male androphilia seems to be found in all national populations, its universal existence in tribal populations has been questioned. Our goal is to review previous cross-cultural classifications and surveys of male same sex behavior to present a system that does justice to its varied expressions, especially as it is informed by contemporary sexuality research. Previous comparative research does not effectively distinguish male same sex behavior from male …

Odni Statement On Declassified Intelligence Community Assessment Of Russian Activities And Intentions In Recent U.S. Elections, United States Senate

United States Senate Documents

ODNI Statement on Declassified Intelligence Community Assessment of Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent U.S. Elections, January 6, 2017

On December 9, 2016, President Barack Obama directed the Intelligence Community to conduct a full review and produce a comprehensive intelligence report assessing Russian activities and intentions in recent U.S. elections. We have completed this report and briefed President Obama as well as President-elect Trump and Congressional leadership. We declassified a version of this report for the public, consistent with our commitment to transparency while still protecting classified sources and methods. The Intelligence Community did not make an assessment of the …

Rapid Analysis Of Forensic-Related Samples Using Two Ambient Ionization Techniques Coupled To High-Resolution Mass Spectrometers, Eshwar Jagerdeo, Amanda Wriston

United States Department of Justice: Publications

RATIONALE: This paper highlights the versatility of interfacing two ambient ionization techniques, Laser Diode Thermal Desorption (LDTD) and Atmospheric Solids Analysis Probe (ASAP), to high-resolution mass spectrometers and demonstrate the method’s capability to rapidly generate high-quality data from multiple sample types with minimal, if any, sample preparation.

METHODS: For ASAP-MS analysis of solid and liquid samples, the material was transferred to a capillary surface before being introduced into the mass spectrometer. For LDTD-MS analysis, samples were solvent extracted, spotted in a 96-well plate, and the solvent was evaporated before being introduced into the mass spectrometer. All analyses were performed using …

Passive Delivery Of Mixed Explosives Vapor From Separated Components, Lauryn E. Degreeff, Michael Malito, Christopher J. Katilie, Andrew Brandon, Michael W. Conroy, Kimberly Peranich, Ramagopal Ananth, Susan L. Rose-Pehrsson

United States Navy: Publications

Homemade explosive (HME) materials commonly take the form of binary, ammonium nitrate-based explosives, and are a challenge to detect due to the low volatility of ammonium nitrate, the great variation in fuel sources, and the complex environment in which detection takes place. Vapor detection in the form of detector canines overcomes these and other obstacles, and has proven to be a highly effective mode of detection. Due to inherent safety precautions associated with working with HMEs, experienced detector canines often lack the frequency of training on HME material necessary to remain proficient. For this reason, the Mixed Odor Delivery Device …

The Indo-Asia Pacific And The Multi-Domain Battle Concept, Robert B. Brown

United States Army: Publications

The United States Armed Forces are at a crossroads, facing both institutional and operational challenges. The character of war continues to change at a quick pace, requiring military leaders to reassess some of their core beliefs. This situation has led to the testing and refinement of concepts, capabilities, and people to ensure U.S. forces are ready for the conflicts of today and tomorrow. Without doubt, any future conflict will be increasingly complex and distributed, involving actions across multiple domains—land, air, sea, space, and cyber—by multiple military services, at times simultaneously.¹ The nascent Multi-Domain Battle concept, some elements of which …

The Other Exchange, Denys Van Renen

University of Nebraska Press: Sample Books and Chapters

Prompted by commercial and imperial expansion such as the creation of the Bank of England in 1694 and the publication and circulation of Ben Jonson’s The Staple of News in 1626, rapidly changing cultural, economic, and political realities in early modern England generated a paradigmatic shift in class awareness. Denys Van Renen’s The Other Exchange demonstrates how middle-class consciousness not only emerged in opposition to the lived and perceived abuses of the aristocratic elite but also was fostered by the economic and sociocultural influence of women and lower-class urban communities.

Van Renen contends that, fascinated by the intellectual and cultural …

Jps B'Nai Mitzvah Torah Commentary, Rabbi Jeffrey K. Salkin

University of Nebraska Press: Sample Books and Chapters

For too many Jewish young people, bar/bat mitzvah has been the beginning of the end of their Jewish journeys. When students perceive the Torah as incomprehensible or irrelevant, many form the false impression that Judaism has nothing to say to them.

Enter the game-changer: the JPS B’nai Mitzvah Torah Commentary shows teens in their own language how Torah addresses the issues in their world. The conversational tone is inviting and dignified, concise and substantial, direct and informative. The narrative summaries, “big” ideas, model divrei Torah, haftarot commentaries, and discussion questions will engage teens in studying the Torah and haftarot …

Nanoweapons, Louis A. Del Monte

University of Nebraska Press: Sample Books and Chapters

Nanoweapons just might render humanity extinct in the near future—a notion that is frightening and shocking but potentially true. In Nanoweapons Louis A. Del Monte describes the most deadly generation of military weapons the world has ever encountered. With dimensions one-thousandth the diameter of a single strand of human hair, this technology threatens to eradicate humanity as it incites world governments to compete in the deadliest arms race ever.

In his insightful and prescient account of this risky and radical technology, Del Monte predicts that nanoweapons will dominate the battlefield of the future and will help determine the superpowers of …

Tough Sell, Tom Basile

University of Nebraska Press: Sample Books and Chapters

Like the War on Terror, the Media War rages on. More than ever, America’s ability to fight and win against ISIS requires that we understand how best to communicate about war in the digital age. Tom Basile takes readers behind the scenes during his time as a civilian advisor in Iraq during the Iraq War, describing his mission and the struggle to communicate about the war as it became more deadly and less popular at home.

The U.S.-led coalition wasn’t merely engaged in a fight to build a more tolerant, participatory society against incredible odds. It was also in a …

The Struggle For Iraq, Thomas M. Renahan

University of Nebraska Press: Sample Books and Chapters

The Struggle for Iraq is a vivid personal account of the Iraqi people’s fight for democracy and justice by an American political scientist. Thomas M. Renahan arrived in southern Iraq just three days before the capture of Saddam Hussein in 2003. Later he worked in Baghdad through the dark days of the country’s sectarian violence and then in Iraqi Kurdistan. One of the few Americans to serve in all three major regions of Iraq, he spearheaded projects to develop democratic institutions, promote democracy and elections, and fight corruption.

With inside accounts of two USAID projects and of a Kurdish government …

A Sliding Scale: Nuclear Proliferation Among States, Jessica Lui

UReCA: The NCHC Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity

Why do states engage in nuclear proliferation? Nuclear proliferation is a major security issue affecting the international arena. Existing studies debate both the strength and direction of determinants of nuclear proliferation and the effect of domestic and international circumstances on proliferation. A clear understanding of why states choose to pursue nuclear arms is critical to promoting and maintaining international security. By analyzing what factors may make a state less prone to proliferation, the international community may incentivize disarmament. My research question considers membership in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) as a potential correlate of nuclear proliferation. Are countries that …

Newbs Lose, Experts Win: Video Games In The Supreme Court, Angela J. Campbell

Nebraska Law Review

I. Introduction

II. The Advantage of a Supreme Court Expert ... A. California’s Counsel ... B. Entertainment Merchant Association’s (EMA) Counsel

III. Background on the Video Game Cases ... A. Cases Prior to Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Ass’n ... B. Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Ass’n ... 1. Before the District Court ... 2. Before the Ninth Circuit ... 3. Supreme Court

IV. Comparison of Expert and Non-Expert Representation in Brown ... A. Merits Briefs ... 1. Statement of Facts ... a. California’s Statement of Facts ... b. EMA’s Statement of Facts ... c. A More Effective Statement of Facts ... …

Indian Children And The Federal-Tribal Trust Relationship, Matthew L.M. Fletcher, Wenona T. Singel

Nebraska Law Review

I. Introduction

II. Indian Children and the Founding Generation ... A. The Treaty and International Law Basis of the Federal-Tribal Trust Relationship ... B. Federal Military and Diplomatic Actions ... 1. Colonial Era ... 2. Revolutionary War ... 3. Post-Revolutionary War Era ... 4. The Northwest Indian War ... 5. The Treaty of Greenville and the Founding Generation ... C. Federal Treaty and Statutory Law ... 1. Education and Schools ... 2. Land Rights ... 3. Other Provisions for Indian Orphans

III. Indian Children in the Coercive Period ... A. Interference in Internal Tribal Matters ... B. The Perversion of …

From Russia With Love: Understanding The Russian Cyber Threat To U.S. Critical Infrastructure And What To Do About It, Scott J. Shackelford, Michael Sulmeyer, Amanda N. Craig Deckard, Ben Buchanan, Brian Micic

Nebraska Law Review

I. Introduction

II. A Short History of Russian Hacking of U.S. Government Networks and Critical Infrastructure

III. Unpacking the Ukraine Grid Hacks and Their Aftermath

IV. Analyzing Policy Options to Help Promote the Resilience of U.S. Government Systems and Critical Infrastructure ... A. Contextualizing and Introducing Draft Version 1.1 of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework ... B. Operationalizing International Cybersecurity Norms on Critical Infrastructure ... C. Deterrence and a Path Forward ... 1. Publicize Benefits as Applied … 2. Publicize Exercise Results ... 3. Publicize Updates

V. Conclusion

Alloys And Architecture: Periodic And Quasiperiodic Patterns In Sinan's Selimiye In Edirne, Carol Bier

Textile Research Works

The marble minbar of the Selimiye mosque in Edirne that was designed by the Ottoman architect, Sinan, and completed in 1575, bears a circular medallion of carved and pierced openwork in each of its triangular framing walls. The carved circular patterns are unusual in having radial symmetry with local five-fold and ten-fold rotations, but no periodic repeat. This contribution explores the relationship of this late 16th-century design to a similar array generated by X-ray diffraction of aluminum alloys, identified as a quasiperiodic pattern, which garnered the 2011 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The 16th-century appearance of this pattern in an architectural …

Dietary Cation–Anion Difference May Explain Why Ammonium Urate Nephrolithiasis Occurs More Frequently In Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) Under Human Care Than In Free-Ranging Common Bottlenose Dolphins, A. J. Ardente, R. S. Wells, C. R. Smith, M. T. Walsh, E. D. Jensen, T. L. Schmitt, J. Colee, B. J. Vagt, R. C. Hill

United States Navy: Publications

Ammonium urate nephrolithiasis frequently develops in common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) managed under human care but is rare in free-ranging common bottlenose dolphins. In other species, the dietary cation–anion difference (DCAD) can affect ammonium urate urolith forma- tion by increasing proton excretion as ammonium ions. Therefore, differences in diet between the 2 dolphin populations could affect urolith formation, but the DCAD of most species consumed by free-ranging and managed dolphins is unknown. To compare the nutrient composition of diets consumed by free-ranging and managed bottlenose dolphins, samples (n = 5) of the 8 species of fish commonly …

Efficacy Of An Acoustic Hailing Device As An Avian Dispersal Tool, Peter E. Schlichting, Amanda E. Holland, James C. Beasley, Albert L. Bryan, Robert A. Kennamer, Travis L. Devault, Bradley F. Blackwell, Olin E. Rhodes Jr.

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Bird strikes are a major safety and financial concern for modern aviation. Audible stimuli are common bird dispersal techniques, but their effectiveness is limited by the saliency and relevance of the stimulus. Furthermore, high ambient sound levels present at airfields might require that effective audible stimuli rely more on total volume (i.e., exceeding physiological tolerances) than ecological relevance. Acoustic hailing devices (AHD) are capable of sound output with a narrow beamwidth and at volumes high enough to cause physical discomfort at long distances. We tested the effectiveness of anAHD as a dispersal tool on freeranging birds recognized as hazardous to …

The Making Of A Hero: Cultivating Empathy, Altruism, And Heroic Imagination, Ari Kohen, Matt Langdon, Brian R. Riches

Department of Political Science: Faculty Publications

Heroes are not born; they’re made. This article examines the commonalities in the backgrounds of people who take heroic action on behalf of others to theorize the ways in which our society can encourage citizens to prepare themselves to act heroically. In looking closely at a variety of people who have acted heroically, in a single moment or over time, we argue they have at least four crucial commonalities: They imagined situations where help was needed and considered how they would act; they had an expansive sense of empathy, not simply with those who might be considered “like them” but …

Period And Cohort Changes In Americans’ Support For Marijuana Legalization: Convergence And Divergence Across Social Groups, Philip Schwadel, Christopher G. Ellison

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

We cast fresh light on how and why Americans’ views on marijuana legalization shifted between 1973 and 2014. Results from age-period-cohort models show a strong negative effect of age and relatively high levels of support for legalization among baby boom cohorts. Despite the baby boom effect, the large increase in support for marijuana legalization is predominantly a broad, period-based change in the population. Additional analyses demonstrate that differences in support for legalization by education, region, and religion decline, that differences by political party increase, and that differences between whites and African Americans reverse direction. We conclude by discussing the implications …

Can International Criminal Law Deter Rebel Groups? The Case Of Uganda, The Lord's Resistance Army, And The International Criminal Court, Julia Reilly

Department of Political Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

How does a state’s commitment to international criminal accountability mechanisms affect the tactics of rebel groups fighting against it? I examine the conflict between Uganda and the Lord’s Resistance Army, spanning four phases from 1996 until 2015, and parse out whether Uganda’s stance on the Rome Statute and the International Criminal Court affected the LRA’s propensity to target civilians. I use descriptive statistics of civilian and military casualties and qualitative case studies, drawing largely on newspaper and NGO reports of events in the conflict. I find that the affect of Uganda’s signaling on justice on the LRA’s civilian targeting is …

Nebraska Transcript (University Of Nebraska College Of Law), Volume 49, Number 2, Fall 2016

Nebraska Transcript

3 Dean’s Message

4 Faculty Notes: Jack M. Beard, Kristen M. Blankley, Eve M. Brank, Richard F. Duncan, Eric Berger, Justin (Gus) Hurwitz, Richard A. Leiter, Brian D. Lepard, Colleen E. Medill, Richard E. Moberly, Sandra B. Placzek, Stefanie S. Pearlman, Harvey S. Perlman, Matthew P. Schaefer, Anthony B. Schutz, Brett C. Stohs, Ryan P. Sullivan, Jessica A. Shoemaker, Adam Thimmesch, Frans G. von der Dunk

9 Professor Kristen Blankley receives tenure

10 Blankley - A Uniform Theory of Federal Court Jurisdiction Under the Federal Arbitration Act

12 ‘Smile that it happened:’ The Larry Berger era— By Professor Steve Willborn …

Dogs & Society: Anglo-American Sociological Perspectives (1865-1934), Michael R. Hill, Mary Jo Deegan

Zea E-Books Collection

HUMANS AND DOGS have a long, wonderful and sometimes problematic association. At a personal level, dogs have been integral to our lives, and our parents’ lives, for as long as the two of us can remember. As sociologists, we also recognize that dogs are important at the macro level. Here, we introduce a selection of early sociological arguments about dogs and their social relationships with humankind. Our interest in developing this book began when we encountered the delightful essays on dogs by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Annie Marion MacLean — two insightful Anglo-American sociologists who present opposing sympathies regarding the …

Hydrogel Microphones For Stealthy Underwater Listening, Yang Gao, Jingfeng Song, Shumin Li, Christian Elowsky, You Zhou, Stephen Ducharme, Yong Mei Chen, Qin Zhou, Li Tan

Stephen Ducharme Publications

Exploring the abundant resources in the ocean requires underwater acoustic detectors with a high-sensitivity reception of low-frequency sound from greater distances and zero reflections. Here we address both challenges by integrating an easily deformable network of metal nanoparticles in a hydrogel matrix for use as a cavity-free microphone. Since metal nanoparticles can be densely implanted as inclusions, and can even be arranged in coherent arrays, this microphone can detect static loads and air breezes from different angles, as well as underwater acoustic signals from 20 Hz to 3 kHz at amplitudes as low as 4 Pa. Unlike dielectric capacitors or …

Conflict Beyond Borders: The International Dimensions Of Nicaragua's Violent Twentieth-Century, 1909–1990, Andrew William Wilson

Department of History: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The purpose of this research is to identify the importance of Nicaraguan political contests in the global twentieth century. The goal is to demonstrate that, despite its relatively small size, Nicaragua significantly influenced the course of modern history. This has been done by examining the international contestations between Nicaragua’s revolutionary and counterrevolutionary currents from Augusto Sandino’s resistance to U.S. imperialism, to the machinations of the Somoza family, and the Contra War of the 1980s. Upon examination of these events, it becomes clear that Nicaraguans on both sides of the conflict proved adept at cultivating and utilizing transnational networks of material …

“The World Broke In Two”: The Gendered Experience Of Trauma And Fractured Civilian Identity In Post-World War I Literature, Erin Cheatham

Department of English: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This thesis examines the complexities of civilian identity and the crisis of gender in twentieth century fiction produced after World War I. Of central concern are four novels written by prominent women authors, novels that deal with themes of trauma, violence, and shifting gender roles in a post-war society: Rebecca West’s The Return of the Soldier, Willa Cather’s The Professor’s House, and Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway and Jacob’s Room. Although these novels do not directly portray the battlefield experiences of war, I argue that, at their core, they are “war novels” in the fullest sense, concerned with the …

Integrative 3d Recording Methods Of Historic Architecture: Burg Hohenecken From Southwest Germany, Aaron C. Pattee

Department of Anthropology: Theses and Student Research

This research explores the methodology and application of photogrammetric and laser-scanning recording methods to a castle ruin, with the primary purpose of digitally preserving the castle. Both methods generated interactive 3D models via the combination of still images (photogrammetry) and precise laser measurements (laser-scanning), which were then combined into a single model. The case study is the medieval castle ruin Burg Hohenecken located in the city of Kaiserslautern in southwest Germany. The castle was active from 1212-1689, as one of over fifty castles within the region of the Pfalz. The inhabitants included the noble von Hoheneck family and various …

Program And Proceedings: Nebraska Academy Of Sciences 1880–2016, 136th Anniversary Year, One Hundred-Twenty-Sixth Annual Meeting

Nebraska Academy of Sciences: Programs and Proceedings

Program

Aeronautics and Space Science

Chemistry and Physics

Collegiate Academy: Biology

Earth Science

Biological and Medical Sciences

Anthropology

Collegiate Academy: Chemistry and Physics

Environmental Sciences

Aeronautics and Space Science, Poster Session

Maiben Memorial Lecture: Juliane Soukup, “Riboswitches Turn Students onto Research” Teaching of Science and Mathematics

Applied Science and Technology

History and Philosophy of Science

“Why So Serious?” Threat, Authoritarianism, And Depictions Of Crime, Law, And Order In Batman Films, Brandon Bosch

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Drawing on research on authoritarianism, this study analyzes the relationship between levels of threat in society and representations of crime, law, and order in mass media, with a particular emphasis on the superhero genre. Although the superhero genre is viewed as an important site of mediated images of crime and law enforcement, cultural criminologists have been relatively quiet about this film genre. In addressing this omission, I analyze authoritarian themes (with an emphasis on crime, law, and order) in the Batman film franchise across different periods of threat. My qualitative content analysis finds that authoritarianism themes of fear and need …

40 Years Of Women At The Naval Academy: ‘Ability, Not Gender’, Walter E. (Ted) Carter Jr.

United States Navy: Publications

The Naval Academy recently hosted its annual Astronaut Convocation, inviting five of our 53 astronaut graduates to the Yard to discuss the future of the space program with the Brigade of Midshipmen. Among them was U.S. Marine Corps Maj. Nicole Aunapu Mann (’99), the most recent United States Naval Academy (USNA) graduate to be selected by NASA.

Mann joins an illustrious line of Naval Academy alumnae who have served in the U.S. space program. One of the academy’s earliest woman graduates was retired Capt. Wendy Lawrence, my classmate from the great Class of 1981 and the first woman from USNA …