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A Review Of Open Research Data Policies And Practices In China, Lili Zhang, Robert R. Downs, Jianhui Li, Liangming Wen, Chengzan Li Jan 2021

A Review Of Open Research Data Policies And Practices In China, Lili Zhang, Robert R. Downs, Jianhui Li, Liangming Wen, Chengzan Li

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

This paper initially conducts a literature review and content analysis of the open research data policies in China. Next, a series of exemplars describe data practices to promote and enable the use of open research data, including open data practices in research programs, data repositories, data journals, and citizen science. Moreover, the top four driving forces are identified and analyzed along with their responsible guiding work. In addition, the “landscape of open research data ecology in China” is derived from the literature review and from observations of actual cases, where the interaction and mutual development of data policies, data programs, …

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Dissecting The Regulatory Roles Of Orm Proteins In The Sphingolipid Pathway Of Plants, Adil Alsiyabi, Ariadna Gonzalez Solis, Edgar B. Cahoon, Rajib Saha Jan 2021

Dissecting The Regulatory Roles Of Orm Proteins In The Sphingolipid Pathway Of Plants, Adil Alsiyabi, Ariadna Gonzalez Solis, Edgar B. Cahoon, Rajib Saha

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Sphingolipids are a vital component of plant cellular endomembranes and carry out multiple functional and regulatory roles. Different sphingolipid species confer rigidity to the membrane structure, facilitate trafficking of secretory proteins, and initiate programmed cell death. Although the regulation of the sphingolipid pathway is yet to be uncovered, increasing evidence has pointed to orosomucoid proteins (ORMs) playing a major regulatory role and potentially interacting with a number of components in the pathway, including both enzymes and sphingolipids. However, experimental exploration of new regulatory interactions is time consuming and often infeasible. In this work, a computational approach was taken to address …

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Generating Pennycress (Thlaspi Arvense) Seed Triacylglycerols And Acetyl-Triacylglycerols Containing Medium-Chain Fatty Acids, Maliheh Esfahanian, Tara J. Nazarenus, Meghan M. Freund, Gary Mcintosh, Winthrop B. Phippen, Mary E. Phippen, Timothy P. Durrett, Edgar B. Cahoon, John C. Sedbrook Jan 2021

Generating Pennycress (Thlaspi Arvense) Seed Triacylglycerols And Acetyl-Triacylglycerols Containing Medium-Chain Fatty Acids, Maliheh Esfahanian, Tara J. Nazarenus, Meghan M. Freund, Gary Mcintosh, Winthrop B. Phippen, Mary E. Phippen, Timothy P. Durrett, Edgar B. Cahoon, John C. Sedbrook

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Thlaspi arvense L. (pennycress) is a cold-tolerant Brassicaceae that produces large amounts of seeds rich in triacylglycerols and protein, making it an attractive target for domestication into an offseason oilseed cash cover crop. Pennycress is easily genetically transformed, enabling synthetic biology approaches to tailor oil properties for specific biofuel and industrial applications. To test the feasibility in pennycress of producing TAGs and acetyl-TAGs rich in medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs; C6–C14) for industrial, biojet fuel and improved biodiesel applications, we generated transgenic lines with seed-specific expression of unique acyltransferase (LPAT and diacylglycerol acyltransferase) genes and thioesterase (FatB) genes isolated from Cuphea …

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The Effect Of Leaf Morphological Traits And Acidic Wet Deposition On Hydrophobicity, Steven M. Lott Jan 2021

The Effect Of Leaf Morphological Traits And Acidic Wet Deposition On Hydrophobicity, Steven M. Lott

RURALS: Review of Undergraduate Research in Agricultural and Life Sciences

Leaf morphological traits are the result of individual plants mutating and passing their heritable traits to offspring. These adaptations are typically vital for plant function, including the ability of a leaf to repel water. In this study, we investigated how cuticle thickness, stomatal density, and trichome density affect the contact angle of water droplets on the surface of a leaf. As a secondary objective, we compared the contact angles of an acidic solution with pure water to understand how solution acidity affects contact angle. We measured five plant species and 30 leaves from each species. We found that trichome density …

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Zika Virus Infection Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress And Apoptosis In Placental Trophoblasts, Philma Glora Muthuraj, Prakash K. Sahoo, Madison Kraus, Taylor Bruett, Arun S. Annamalai, Aryamav Pattnaik, Siddappa N. Byrareddy, Sathish Kumar Natarajan Jan 2021

Zika Virus Infection Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress And Apoptosis In Placental Trophoblasts, Philma Glora Muthuraj, Prakash K. Sahoo, Madison Kraus, Taylor Bruett, Arun S. Annamalai, Aryamav Pattnaik, Siddappa N. Byrareddy, Sathish Kumar Natarajan

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection to a pregnant woman can be vertically transmitted to the fetus via the placenta leading to Congenital Zika syndrome. This is characterized by microcephaly, retinal defects, and intrauterine growth retardation. ZIKV induces placental trophoblast apoptosis leading to severe abnormalities in the growth and development of the fetus. However, the molecular mechanism behind ZIKV-induced apoptosis in placental trophoblasts remains unclear. We hypothesize that ZIKV infection induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the trophoblasts, and sustained ER stress results in apoptosis. HTR-8 (HTR-8/SVneo), a human normal immortalized trophoblast cell and human choriocarcinoma-derived cell lines (JEG-3 and JAR) were …

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Beekeeping Practices And Challenges In The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia: Adoption Of New Technologies And Selection Of Bee Species, Ella M. Poole Jan 2021

Beekeeping Practices And Challenges In The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia: Adoption Of New Technologies And Selection Of Bee Species, Ella M. Poole

RURALS: Review of Undergraduate Research in Agricultural and Life Sciences

Apiculture (or beekeeping) is a highly profitable industry in Saudi Arabia. The Saudi national government has recognized the sector as having the potential to grow and improve the quality of life in rural areas. To expand the industry, Saudi government officials and academics are calling for beekeepers to switch from using traditional hives to moveable-frame box hives and from keeping indigenous bees to importing foreign bees. Although both changes have been shown to increase honey productivity, they are opposed by most Saudi beekeepers and increase the risk for the spread of dangerous bee diseases. This paper explores Saudi arguments for …

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Soil Properties Limiting Vegetation Establishment Along Roadsides, Shad D. Mills, Martha Mamo, Sabrina J. Ruis, Humberto Blanco-Canqui, Walter Schacht, Tala Awada, Xu Li, Pamela Sutton Jan 2021

Soil Properties Limiting Vegetation Establishment Along Roadsides, Shad D. Mills, Martha Mamo, Sabrina J. Ruis, Humberto Blanco-Canqui, Walter Schacht, Tala Awada, Xu Li, Pamela Sutton

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Roadside vegetation provides a multitude of ecosystem services, including pollutant remediation, runoff reduction, wildlife habitat, and aesthetic scenery. Establishment of permanent vegetation along paved roads after construction can be challenging, particularly within 1 m of the pavement. Adverse soil conditions could be one of the leading factors limiting roadside vegetation growth. In this study, we assessed soil physical and chemical properties along a transect perpendicular to the road at six microtopographic positions (road edge, shoulder, side slope, ditch, backslope, and field edge) along two highway segments near Beaver Crossing and Sargent, NE. At the Beaver Crossing site, Na concentration was …

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The Use Of Insecticides To Manage The Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera, Leconte: History, Field-Evolved Resistance, And Associated Mechanisms, Lance J. Meinke, Dariane Souza, Blair D. Siegfried Jan 2021

The Use Of Insecticides To Manage The Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera, Leconte: History, Field-Evolved Resistance, And Associated Mechanisms, Lance J. Meinke, Dariane Souza, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Dvv) is a significant insect pest of maize in the United States (U.S.). This paper reviews the history of insecticide use in Dvv management programs, Dvv adaptation to insecticides, i.e., field-evolved resistance and associated mechanisms of resistance, plus the current role of insecticides in the transgenic era. In the western U.S. Corn Belt where continuous maize is commonly grown in large irrigated monocultures, broadcast-applied soil or foliar insecticides have been extensively used over time to manage annual densities of Dvv and other secondary insect pests. This has contributed to the sequential occurrence …

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Malaria In Southern Venezuela: The Hottest Hotspot In Latin America, Maria Eugenia Grillet, Jorge E. Moreno, Juan V. Hernández-Villena, Maria F. Vincenti-González, Oscar Noya, Adriana Tami, Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi, Martin Llewellyn, Rachel Lowe, Ananias A. Escalante, Jan E. Conn Jan 2021

Malaria In Southern Venezuela: The Hottest Hotspot In Latin America, Maria Eugenia Grillet, Jorge E. Moreno, Juan V. Hernández-Villena, Maria F. Vincenti-González, Oscar Noya, Adriana Tami, Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi, Martin Llewellyn, Rachel Lowe, Ananias A. Escalante, Jan E. Conn

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Malaria elimination in Latin America is becoming an elusive goal. Malaria cases reached a historical ~1 million in 2017 and 2018, with Venezuela contributing 53% and 51% of those cases, respectively. Historically, malaria incidence in southern Venezuela has accounted for most of the country’s total number of cases. The efficient deployment of disease prevention measures and prediction of disease spread to new regions requires an in-depth understanding of spatial heterogeneity on malaria transmission dynamics. Herein, we characterized the spatial epidemiology of malaria in southern Venezuela from 2007 through 2017 and described the extent to which malaria distribution has changed country-wide …

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Predicting Transcriptional Responses To Cold Stress Across Plant Species, Xiaoxi Meng, Zhikai Liang, Xiuru Dai, Yang Zhang, Samira Mahboub, Daniel W. Ngu, Rebecca L. Roston, James C. Schnable Jan 2021

Predicting Transcriptional Responses To Cold Stress Across Plant Species, Xiaoxi Meng, Zhikai Liang, Xiuru Dai, Yang Zhang, Samira Mahboub, Daniel W. Ngu, Rebecca L. Roston, James C. Schnable

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Although genome-sequence assemblies are available for a growing number of plant species, gene-expression responses to stimuli have been cataloged for only a subset of these species. Many genes show altered transcription patterns in response to abiotic stresses. However, orthologous genes in related species often exhibit different responses to a given stress. Accordingly, data on the regulation of gene expression in one species are not reliable predictors of orthologous gene responses in a related species. Here, we trained a supervised classification model to identify genes that transcriptionally respond to cold stress. A model trained with only features calculated directly from genome …

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Intervention Of Climate‐Smart Practices In Wheat Under Rice‐ Wheat Cropping System In Nepal, Jamma Jaya Gairhe, Mandeep Adhikari, Deepak Ghimire, Arun Kjatri-Chhetri, Dinesh Panday Jan 2021

Intervention Of Climate‐Smart Practices In Wheat Under Rice‐ Wheat Cropping System In Nepal, Jamma Jaya Gairhe, Mandeep Adhikari, Deepak Ghimire, Arun Kjatri-Chhetri, Dinesh Panday

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Besides a proper agronomic management followed by Nepalese farmers, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production has been severely affected by changing climate. There are many interventions, including climate‐smart practices, to cope with this situation and possibly enhance crop and soil productivity. Field experiments were set up in a randomized complete block design with six treatments (TRT) with four replications in three locations (LOC) during wheat‐growing seasons in Nepal from 2014 to 2016. Treatments included (i) Controlled Practice (CP), (ii) Improved Low (IL), (iii) Improved High (IH), (iv) Climate Smart Agriculture Low (CSAL), (v) Climate Smart Agriculture Medium (CSAM), and (vi) Climate …

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Genetic Engineering Of Lesquerella With Increased Ricinoleic Acid Content In Seed Oil, Grace Q. Chen, Kumiko Johnson, Tara J. Nazarenus, Grisel Ponciano, Eva Morales, Edgar B. Cahoon Jan 2021

Genetic Engineering Of Lesquerella With Increased Ricinoleic Acid Content In Seed Oil, Grace Q. Chen, Kumiko Johnson, Tara J. Nazarenus, Grisel Ponciano, Eva Morales, Edgar B. Cahoon

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Seeds of castor (Ricinus communis) are enriched in oil with high levels of the industrially valuable fatty acid ricinoleic acid (18:1OH), but production of this plant is limited because of the cooccurrence of the ricin toxin in its seeds. Lesquerella (Physaria fendleri) is being developed as an alternative industrial oilseed because its seeds accumulate lesquerolic acid (20:1OH), an elongated form of 18:1OH in seed oil which lacks toxins. Synthesis of 20:1OH is through elongation of 18:1OH by a lesquerella elongase, PfKCS18. Oleic acid (18:1) is the substrate for 18:1OH synthesis, but it is also used by fatty acid desaturase 2 …

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Long Non-Coding Rna Meg3 Deficiency Impairs Glucose Homeostasis And Insulin Signaling By Inducing Cellular Senescence Of Hepatic Endothelium In Obesity, Xiao Cheng, Mohamed Sham Shihabudeen Haider Ali, Matthew Moran, Martonio Ponte Viana, Sarah L. Schlichte, Matthew C. Zimmerman, Oleh Khalimonchuk, Mark W. Feinberg, Xinghui Sun Jan 2021

Long Non-Coding Rna Meg3 Deficiency Impairs Glucose Homeostasis And Insulin Signaling By Inducing Cellular Senescence Of Hepatic Endothelium In Obesity, Xiao Cheng, Mohamed Sham Shihabudeen Haider Ali, Matthew Moran, Martonio Ponte Viana, Sarah L. Schlichte, Matthew C. Zimmerman, Oleh Khalimonchuk, Mark W. Feinberg, Xinghui Sun

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Obesity-induced insulin resistance is a risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms underlying endothelial senescence in obesity, and how it impacts obesity-induced insulin resistance remain incompletely understood. In this study, transcriptome analysis revealed that the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Maternally expressed gene 3 (Meg3) is one of the top differentially expressed lncRNAs in the vascular endothelium in diet-induced obese mice. Meg3 knockdown induces cellular senescence of endothelial cells characterized by increased senescence-associated β–galactosidase activity, increased levels of endogenous superoxide, impaired mitochondrial structure and function, and impaired autophagy. Moreover, Meg3 knockdown causes cellular senescence of hepatic endothelium in …

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Temperature But Not Ocean Acidification Affects Energy Metabolism And Enzyme Activities In The Blue Mussel, Mytilus Edulis, Omera B. Matoo, Gisela Lannig, Christian Bock, Inna M. Sokolova Jan 2021

Temperature But Not Ocean Acidification Affects Energy Metabolism And Enzyme Activities In The Blue Mussel, Mytilus Edulis, Omera B. Matoo, Gisela Lannig, Christian Bock, Inna M. Sokolova

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

1. In mosaic marine habitats, such as intertidal zones, ocean acidification (OA) is exacerbated by high variability of pH, temperature, and biological CO2 production. The nonlinear interactions among these drivers can be context-specific and their effect on organisms in these habitats remains largely unknown, warranting further investigation. 2. We were particularly interested in Mytilus edulis (the blue mussel) from intertidal zones of the Gulf of Maine (GOM), USA, for this study. GOM is a hot spot of global climate change (average sea surface temperature (SST) increasing by >0.2°C/year) with >60% decline in mussel population over the past 40 years. 3. …

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Development Of Polymorphic Markers In The Immune Gene Complex Loci Of Cattle, K Bakshy, D Heimeier, J C. Schwartz, E J. Glass, S Wilkinson, R A. Skuce, A R. Allen, J Young, J C. Mcclure, J B. Cole, D J. Null, J A. Hammond, T P.L. Smith, D M. Bickhart Jan 2021

Development Of Polymorphic Markers In The Immune Gene Complex Loci Of Cattle, K Bakshy, D Heimeier, J C. Schwartz, E J. Glass, S Wilkinson, R A. Skuce, A R. Allen, J Young, J C. Mcclure, J B. Cole, D J. Null, J A. Hammond, T P.L. Smith, D M. Bickhart

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

The addition of cattle health and immunity traits to genomic selection indices holds promise to increase individual animal longevity and productivity, and decrease economic losses from disease. However, highly variable genomic loci that contain multiple immune-related genes were poorly assembled in the first iterations of the cattle reference genome assembly and underrepresented during the development of most commercial genotyping platforms. As a consequence, there is a paucity of genetic markers within these loci that may track haplotypes related to disease susceptibility. By using hierarchical assembly of bacterial artificial chromosome inserts spanning 3 of these immune-related gene regions, we were able …

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Quantification Of Nitric Oxide Concentration Using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Sensors, Jakob Meier, Joseph Stapleton, Eric M. Hofferber, Abigail Haworth, Stephen D. Kachman, Nicole M. Iverson Jan 2021

Quantification Of Nitric Oxide Concentration Using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Sensors, Jakob Meier, Joseph Stapleton, Eric M. Hofferber, Abigail Haworth, Stephen D. Kachman, Nicole M. Iverson

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical present in biological systems, can have many detrimental effects on the body, from inflammation to cancer. Due to NO’s short half-life, detection and quantification is difficult. The inability to quantify NO has hindered researchers’ understanding of its impact in healthy and diseased conditions. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), when wrapped in a specific single-stranded DNA chain, becomes selective to NO, creating a fluorescence sensor. Unfortunately, the correlation between NO concentration and the SWNT’s fluorescence intensity has been difficult to determine due to an inability to immobilize the sensor without altering its properties. Through the use …

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Itraq-Based Proteomic Analysis Of Bovine Pre-Ovulatory Plasma And Follicular Fluid, P A. Afedi, E L. Larimore, R A. Cushman, D Raynie, G A. Perry Jan 2021

Itraq-Based Proteomic Analysis Of Bovine Pre-Ovulatory Plasma And Follicular Fluid, P A. Afedi, E L. Larimore, R A. Cushman, D Raynie, G A. Perry

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Bovine follicular fluid (FF) creates a unique microenvironment in follicles necessary for follicle growth, oocyte maturation, and estradiol (E2) production. The objective of this study was to analyze changes in proteins in FF and plasma (PL) from animals with high E2 (HE2) or low E2 (LE2) during the preovulatory period. Beef cows were synchronized, and follicular dynamics and ovulatory response were monitored using transrectal ultrasonography. Nine cows were selected and slaughtered, blood samples were collected at slaughter and FF was aspirated from dominant follicles (DF; >10 mm). Abundant proteins (albumin, IgG, IgA, and alpha-1-antitrypsin) were depleted from both PL and …

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Production Of Tocotrienols In Seeds Of Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Enhances Oxidative Stability And Offers Nutraceutical Potential, Shanmukh S. Salimath, Trevor B. Romsdahl, Anji Reddy Konda, Wei Zhang, Edgar B. Cahoon, Michael K. Dowd, Thomas C. Wedegaertner, Kater D. Hake, Kent D. Chapman Jan 2021

Production Of Tocotrienols In Seeds Of Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Enhances Oxidative Stability And Offers Nutraceutical Potential, Shanmukh S. Salimath, Trevor B. Romsdahl, Anji Reddy Konda, Wei Zhang, Edgar B. Cahoon, Michael K. Dowd, Thomas C. Wedegaertner, Kater D. Hake, Kent D. Chapman

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an economically important multi-purpose crop cultivated globally for fibre, seed oil and protein. Cottonseed oil also is naturally rich in vitamin E components (collectively known as tocochromanols), with a- and c-tocopherols comprising nearly all of the vitamin E components. By contrast, cottonseeds have little or no tocotrienols, tocochromanols with a wide range of health benefits. Here, we generated transgenic cotton lines expressing the barley (Hordeum vulgare) homogentisate geranylgeranyl transferase coding sequence under the control of the Brassica napus seed-specific promoter, napin. Transgenic cottonseeds had ~twofold to threefold increases in the accumulation of total vitamin …

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Production Of Embryos And A Live Offspring Using Post Mortem Reproductive Material From Bison (Bison Bison Bison) Originating In Yellowstone National Park, Usa, Hayley M. Benham, Matthew P. Mccollum, Pauline Nol, Rebecca K. Frey, P. Ryan Clarke, Jack C. Rhyan, Jennifer P. Barfield Jan 2021

Production Of Embryos And A Live Offspring Using Post Mortem Reproductive Material From Bison (Bison Bison Bison) Originating In Yellowstone National Park, Usa, Hayley M. Benham, Matthew P. Mccollum, Pauline Nol, Rebecca K. Frey, P. Ryan Clarke, Jack C. Rhyan, Jennifer P. Barfield

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Bison from Yellowstone National Park (YNP) have an important genetic history. As one of the few wild herds of bison with no evidence of cattle DNA introgression and a large enough population to maintain genetic diversity, they are considered a conservation priority for the species. Unfortunately, there is a high prevalence of the zoonotic disease brucellosis in the herd. Part of the management strategy for controlling the disease and herd size in YNP is to remove bison from the population during the winter migration out of the park. This interagency management cull provides an opportunity to collect a large number …

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A Bumper Crop Of Snps In Soybean Through High-Density Genotyping-By-Sequencing (Hd-Gbs), Davoud Torkamaneh, Jerome Laroche, Brian Boyle, David L. Hyten, Fancois Belzile Jan 2021

A Bumper Crop Of Snps In Soybean Through High-Density Genotyping-By-Sequencing (Hd-Gbs), Davoud Torkamaneh, Jerome Laroche, Brian Boyle, David L. Hyten, Fancois Belzile

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Dispersal And Land Cover Contribute To Pseudorabies Virus Exposure In Invasive Wild Pigs, Felipe A. Hernandez, Amanda N. Carr, Michael P. Milleson, Hunter R. Merrill, Michael L. Avery, Brandon M. Parker, Cortney L. Pylant, James D. Austin, Samantha M. Wisely Jan 2021

Dispersal And Land Cover Contribute To Pseudorabies Virus Exposure In Invasive Wild Pigs, Felipe A. Hernandez, Amanda N. Carr, Michael P. Milleson, Hunter R. Merrill, Michael L. Avery, Brandon M. Parker, Cortney L. Pylant, James D. Austin, Samantha M. Wisely

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We investigated the landscape epidemiology of a globally distributed mammal, the wild pig (Sus scrofa), in Florida (U.S.), where it is considered an invasive species and reservoir to pathogens that impact the health of people, domestic animals, and wildlife. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that two commonly cited factors in disease transmission, connectivity among populations and abundant resources, would increase the likelihood of exposure to both pseudorabies virus (PrV) and Brucella spp. (bacterial agent of brucellosis) in wild pigs across the Kissimmee Valley of Florida. Using DNA from 348 wild pigs and sera from 320 individuals at 24 sites, we …

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Soil Health Management Enhances Microbial Nitrogen Cycling Capacity And Activity, Jianlin Hu, Virginia L. Jin, Julie Y.M. Konkel, Sean M. Schaeffer, Liesel G. Schneider, Jennifer M. Debruyn Jan 2021

Soil Health Management Enhances Microbial Nitrogen Cycling Capacity And Activity, Jianlin Hu, Virginia L. Jin, Julie Y.M. Konkel, Sean M. Schaeffer, Liesel G. Schneider, Jennifer M. Debruyn

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Soil microbial transformations of nitrogen (N) can be affected by soil health management practices. Here, we report in situ seasonal dynamics of the population size (gene copy abundances) and functional activity (transcript copy abundances) of five bacterial genes involved in soil N cycling (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria [AOB] amoA, nifH, nirK, nirS, and nosZ) in a long-term continuous cotton production system under different management practices (cover crops, tillage, and inorganic N fertilization). Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), a leguminous cover crop, most effectively promoted the expression of N cycle genes, which persisted after cover crop termination throughout the growing season. Moreover, we …

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Resting Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism Exhibits Archetypal Network Features, Nicholas A. Hubbard, Monroe P. Turner, Kevin R. Sitek, Kathryn L. West, Jakub R. Kaczmarzyk, Lyndahl Himes, Binu P. Thomas, Hanzhang Lu, Bart Rypma Jan 2021

Resting Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism Exhibits Archetypal Network Features, Nicholas A. Hubbard, Monroe P. Turner, Kevin R. Sitek, Kathryn L. West, Jakub R. Kaczmarzyk, Lyndahl Himes, Binu P. Thomas, Hanzhang Lu, Bart Rypma

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Standard magnetic resonance imaging approaches offer high-resolution but indirect measures of neural activity, limiting understanding of the physiological processes associated with imaging findings. Here, we used calibrated functional magnetic resonance imaging during the resting state to recover low-frequency fluctuations of the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2). We tested whether functional connections derived from these fluctuations exhibited organization properties similar to those established by previous standard functional and anatomical connectivity studies. Seventeen participants underwent 20 min of resting imaging during dual-echo, pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling, and blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal acquisition. Participants also underwent a 10 min normocapnic and hypercapnic …

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Multiple Constraints Cause Positive And Negative Feedbacks Limiting Grassland Soil Co2efflux Under Co2enrichment, Philip A. Fay, Dafeng Hui, Robert B. Jackson, Harold P. Collins, Lara G. Reichmann, Michael J. Aspinwall, Virginia L. Jin, Albina R. Khasanova, Robert W. Heckman, H. Wayne Polley Jan 2021

Multiple Constraints Cause Positive And Negative Feedbacks Limiting Grassland Soil Co2efflux Under Co2enrichment, Philip A. Fay, Dafeng Hui, Robert B. Jackson, Harold P. Collins, Lara G. Reichmann, Michael J. Aspinwall, Virginia L. Jin, Albina R. Khasanova, Robert W. Heckman, H. Wayne Polley

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Terrestrial ecosystems are increasingly enriched with resources such as atmospheric CO2that limit ecosystem processes. The consequences for ecosystem carbon cycling depend on the feedbacks from other limiting resources and plant community change, which remain poorly understood for soil CO2efflux, JCO2, a primary carbon flux from the biosphere to the atmosphere. We applied a unique CO2enrichment gradient (250 to 500 μL L-1) for eight years to grassland plant communities on soils from different landscape positions. We identified the trajectory of JCO2responses and feedbacks from other resources, plant diversity [effective species richness, exp(H)], and community change (plant species turnover). We found linear …

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Tetra Disseminated Microsporidiosis: A Novel Disease In Ornamental Fish Caused By Fusasporis Stethaprioni N. Gen. N. Sp., J. Lovy, R. P. E. Yanong, J. M. Stilwell, T. B. Waltzek, J. P. Shelley, D. B. Pouder, J. C. Wolf, A. C. Camus Jan 2021

Tetra Disseminated Microsporidiosis: A Novel Disease In Ornamental Fish Caused By Fusasporis Stethaprioni N. Gen. N. Sp., J. Lovy, R. P. E. Yanong, J. M. Stilwell, T. B. Waltzek, J. P. Shelley, D. B. Pouder, J. C. Wolf, A. C. Camus

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

A novel microsporidial disease was documented in two ornamental fish species, black tetra Gymnocorymbus ternetzi Boulenger 1895 and cardinal tetra Paracheirodon axelrodi Schultz 1956. The non-xenoma-forming microsporidium occurred diffusely in most internal organs and the gill, thus referring to the condition as tetra disseminated microsporidiosis (TDM). The occurrence of TDM in black tetra was associated with chronic mortality in a domestic farmed population, while the case in cardinal tetra occurred in moribund fish while in quarantine at a public aquarium. Histology showed that coelomic visceral organs were frequently necrotic and severely disrupted by extensive infiltrates of macrophages. Infected macrophages were …

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Molecular-Assisted Breeding For Soybean With High Oleic/Low Linolenic Acid And Elevated Vitamin E In The Seed Oil, Katherine Hagely, Anji Reddy Konda, Jeong-Hwa Kim, Edgar B. Cahoon, Kristin Bilyeu Jan 2021

Molecular-Assisted Breeding For Soybean With High Oleic/Low Linolenic Acid And Elevated Vitamin E In The Seed Oil, Katherine Hagely, Anji Reddy Konda, Jeong-Hwa Kim, Edgar B. Cahoon, Kristin Bilyeu

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

The uses of vegetable oils are determined by functional properties arising from their chemical composition. Soybean oil was previously used in margarines and baked foods after partial hydrogenation to achieve heat and oxidative stability. This process, however, generates trans fats that are now excluded from food use because of cardiovascular health risks. Also present in soybean oil are the anti-oxidant tocopherols, with α- tocopherol (vitamin E) typically present as a minor component compared to γ-tocopherol. Genetic improvement of the fatty acid profile and tocopherol profile is an attractive solution to increase the functional and health qualities of soybean oil. The …

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Valuation Of Drought Information: Understanding The Value Of The Us Drought Monitor In Land Management, Tingting Liu, Richard Krop, Tonya Haigh, Kelly Helm Smith, Mark D. Svoboda Jan 2021

Valuation Of Drought Information: Understanding The Value Of The Us Drought Monitor In Land Management, Tingting Liu, Richard Krop, Tonya Haigh, Kelly Helm Smith, Mark D. Svoboda

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

Droughts affect recreation and tourism, grazing, forests, and timber, and can have important indirect effects for the ecosystems and species that rely on water. Despite its importance, the effect of drought in the land management sector is less understood than in other water-intensive sectors, such as agriculture and public water supplies. This study presents the first-ever estimates of the economic valuation of the information provided by the U.S. Drought Monitor using the avoided cost method. These estimates are based on the time and labor saved by using the U.S. Drought Monitor rather than compiling drought-related information from other sources, or …

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Exploiting Common Senses: Sensory Ecology Meets Wildlife Conservation And Management, Laura K. Elmer, Christine L. Madliger, Daniel T. Blumstein, Chris K. Elvidge, Esteban Ernández-Juricic, Andrij Z. Horodysky, Nicholas S. Johnson, Liam P. Mcguire, Ronald R. Swaisgood, Steven J. Cooke Jan 2021

Exploiting Common Senses: Sensory Ecology Meets Wildlife Conservation And Management, Laura K. Elmer, Christine L. Madliger, Daniel T. Blumstein, Chris K. Elvidge, Esteban Ernández-Juricic, Andrij Z. Horodysky, Nicholas S. Johnson, Liam P. Mcguire, Ronald R. Swaisgood, Steven J. Cooke

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Multidisciplinary approaches to conservation and wildlife management are often effective in addressing complex, multi-factor problems. Emerging fields such as conservation physiology and conservation behaviour can provide innovative solutions and management strategies for target species and systems. Sensory ecology combines the study of ‘how animals acquire’ and process sensory stimuli from their environments, and the ecological and evolutionary significance of ‘how animals respond’ to this information. We review the benefits that sensory ecology can bring to wildlife conservation and management by discussing case studies across major taxa and sensory modalities. Conservation practices informed by a sensory ecology approach include the amelioration …

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Alcohol-And-Hiv-Induced Lysosomal Dysfunction Regulates Extracellular Vesicles Secretion In Vitro And In Liver-Humanized Mice, Raghubendra Singh Dagur, Moses New-Aaron, Murali Ganesan, Weimin Wang, Svetlana Romanova, Srivatsan Kidambi, Kusum K. Kharbanda, Larisa Y. Poluektova, Natalia A. Osna Jan 2021

Alcohol-And-Hiv-Induced Lysosomal Dysfunction Regulates Extracellular Vesicles Secretion In Vitro And In Liver-Humanized Mice, Raghubendra Singh Dagur, Moses New-Aaron, Murali Ganesan, Weimin Wang, Svetlana Romanova, Srivatsan Kidambi, Kusum K. Kharbanda, Larisa Y. Poluektova, Natalia A. Osna

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

Background: Alcohol abuse is common in people living with HIV-1 and dramatically enhances the severity of HIV-induced liver damage by inducing oxidative stress and lysosomal dysfunction in the liver cells. We hypothesize that the increased release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in hepatocytes and liver humanized mouse model is linked to lysosome dysfunction. Methods: The study was performed on primary human hepatocytes and human hepatoma RLWXP-GFP (Huh 7.5 cells stably transfected with CYP2E1 and XPack-GFP) cells and validated on ethanol-fed liver humanized fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (Fah)-/-, Rag2-/-, common cytokine receptor gamma chain knockout (FRG-KO) mice. Cells and …

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Genome-Wide Discovery Of Natural Variation In Pre-Mrna Splicing And Prioritising Causal Alternative Splicing To Salt Stress Response In Rice, Huihui Yu, Qian Du, Malachy Campbell, Bin Yu, Harkamal Walia, Chi Zhang Jan 2021

Genome-Wide Discovery Of Natural Variation In Pre-Mrna Splicing And Prioritising Causal Alternative Splicing To Salt Stress Response In Rice, Huihui Yu, Qian Du, Malachy Campbell, Bin Yu, Harkamal Walia, Chi Zhang

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Pre-mRNA splicing is an essential step for the regulation of gene expression. In order to specifically capture splicing variants in plants for genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we developed a software tool to quantify and visualise Variations of Splicing in Population (VASP). VASP can quantify splicing variants from short-read RNA-seq datasets and discover genotype-specific splicing (GSS) events, which can be used to prioritise causal pre-mRNA splicing events in GWAS. We applied our method to an RNA-seq dataset with 328 samples from 82 genotypes from a rice diversity panel exposed to optimal and saline growing conditions. In total, 764 significant GSS events …

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