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Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Overview, Robert R. Oltjen

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

The U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (U.S. Meat Animal Research Center) was authorized by Congress on June 16, 1964, thereby creating a single facility that provides an unusual opportunity for making major contributions to the solution of problems facing the U.S. livestock industry. Development of the 35,000-acre facility started in the spring of 1966and is continuing at the present time. Phase I construction, consisting of an office-laboratory building for intensive investigations, was completed in January 1971.These facilities provide a physical plant for 42 scientists and about 200 support personnel. Phase II construction, consisting of the Meats Research Laboratory and the …

Perspectives On Process In Plant Virology, Myron K. Brakke

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The editors asked that I write a chapter on landmarks in plant virology, a topic that has been covered by several authors, for example by Henderson Smith (89), Bawden (9), Holmes (51), Markham (62), Harrison (44), Black (12), and Matthews (64). In 1 938, the first of these authors, Henderson Smith (89), divided his presidential address to the Society for Applied Biology between the control of plant-virus diseases and the nature of plant viruses. Progress since then has been much more rapid in the latter than in the former area. Henderson Smith could easily understand today's literature on losses, control, …

Soil Science Research Report - 1988

Soil Science Research Reports

Tillage Experiments

An Economic and resource analysis of deep tillage to reduce soil compaction for crop production .......... 1

Effect of phosphorus rate, method of application and tillage on soybean yield in Nebraska .......... 7

Increasing nitrogen use efficiency by dryland sorghum under conventional disk and no-tillage systems .......... 13

Nitrogen placement evaluation for winter wheat in three fallow tillage systems ....... 19

On the infiltration characteristics between tillage/residue soil condition and rainfall .......... 24

Tillage influence on soybean production .......... 26

Tillage, rotation and N effects on dryland corn production and nitrogen uptake in Northeastern Nebraska .......... 30

Fertilizer …

A New Late Miocene Herpetofauna From Franklin County, Nebraska, R. M. Joeckel

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Native American Plant Hosts Of Asphondylia Websteri (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Raymond J. Gagne, William M. Woods

USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory

Asphondylia websteri Felt is reported for the first time from native American hosts, Parkinsonia and jojoba. Previously, this apparently native American gall midge was known only from alfalfa and guar, two species exotic to North America. Such a wide disparity of hosts is otherwise unknown for North American Asphondylia spp. This discovery excludes A. websteri from consideration as a biocontrol agent of Parkinsonia aculeata in Australia.

Ec88-210 Revised Swine Diet Suggestions, Duane E. Reece, Earnest R. Peo Jr., Donald G. Levis

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension circular 88-210 Revised contains swine diet suggestions.

A Voice-Input And Knowledge-Based Expert System For Grading Carcass Beef, Yud-Ren Chen

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Assessing meat yield and quality in carcasses is important for exporting meat and for the domestic consumer. The U.S. livestock and meat industries depend heavily on USDA to provide the rating of their meat for marketing. There is also a trend in the U.S. meat industry to process meat closer to the site of slaughter because of increasing transportation and energy costs. Only the edible portion of the carcass will leave the slaughter plant. These trends will increase the volume and demand for more consistent, equitable, and timely methods for grading meat.

Since the USDA meat grading system was first …

Breeding For Lean Beef (Germ Plasm Evaluation Program), Larry V. Cundiff, Michael E. Dikeman, R. M. Koch, John D. Crouse, Keith E. Gregory

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Historically, when steers were finished on pasture, ability to finish at a young age was desirable, particularly when market requirements for fatness were great. However, ability to fatten became a handicap as we shifted to increased use of concentrate feeds in diets of growing-finishing cattle. Consequently, yield grades were added to the USDA grading system to reflect variation in carcass value associated with differences in yield of retail product. Recently, consumer pressure to reduce caloric and fat content of beef and other red meats has intensified because coronary heart disease is believed to be associated with elevated blood-cholesterol levels. Cholesterol …

Influence Of Biological Types On Energy Requirements, Calvin L. Ferrell, Thomas G. Jenkins

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Since the introduction of new germ plasm resources into the U.S. beginning in the early 1960's, the influence of biological types on various aspects of beef production have been evaluated extensively. Traits studied include preweaning calf performance, postweaning growth and feed efficiency, carcass characteristics, puberty and other reproductive characteristics, and milk production, to name a few. In general, however, most of the research efforts have concentrated on the areas involving the growing animal and/or its carcass characteristics. That is, output characteristics of the various biological types of cattle have been of primary interest to researchers. Much less effort has been …

Twinning In Cattle, Keith E. Gregory, Sherrill E. Echternkamp, Gordon E. Dickerson, Larry V. Cundiff, Robert M. Koch

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Why an interest in twinning in cattle?

. More than one-half of the feed units used by the national beef herd are needed to meet maintenance requirements of the reproducing female population.

. The beef cow is capable of producing about .7 of her body weight per year in progeny market weight.

. The sow is capable of producing more than 8 times her body weight per year in progeny market weight.

. The meat type hen is capable of producing more than 70 times her body weight per year in progeny market weight.

. The channel catfish female is …

Changes In Testicular Morphology In Boars Actively Immunized Against Gonadotropin Hormone-Releasing Hormone, Caleb A. Awoniyi, Varadaraj Chandrashekar, Robert D. Arthur, Bruce S. Schanbacher, Richard E. Falvo

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Alterations in testicular morphology were studied in boars actively immunized against gonadotropin hormone releasing hormone (GnRH). Ten boars were divided equally into two experimental groups (five GnRH-immunized, and five controls). Antibody production was achieved by conjugating GnRH to human serum globulin (hSG). The GnRH-hSG conjugate was emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant, and administered to bears at 12 weeks of age. Boars were given a booster in incomplete Freund’s adjuvant on week 18 and 20. The presence of high antibody titers to GnRH caused luteinizing hormone and testosterone to decline to nondetectable levels. Morphometric examination showed a reduction in percentage volume …

The Spatial Memory Of Clark’S Nutcrackers (Nucifraga Columbiana) In An Analogue Of The Radial Arm Maze, Russel P. Balda, Alan Kamil

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

Clark’s nutcrackers (Nucifraga columbiana) use spatial memory to recover stored food in the field. In the present experiments, an open-field analogue of the radial arm maze was developed and used to test the ability of nutcrackers to remember spatial locations. The nutcrackers showed high levels of retention after 6 h, but were close to chance levels after a 24-h retention interval. These results suggest that nutcrackers may use different spatial memory systems under different conditions. After long retention intervals, nutcrackers performed more accurately than pigeons tested by other experimenters using similar procedures. This raises the possibility of species …

The Influence Of Diet Quality On Clutch Size And Laying Pattern In Mallards, Jan Eldridge, Gary Krapu

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

We measured the effect of diet quality on variation in the seasonal pattern of Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) reproduction. Twenty wild-strain hens, consisting of 10 sibling pairs, were maintained in captivity. One sib of each pair was fed an enriched diet, and the other was fed wheat. The wheat diet resulted in reduced clutch size, egg size, laying rate, number of nesting attempts, and total eggs laid. Diet did not affect laying initiation, duration, or the seasonal pattern of change in clutch and egg size with each renest. We believe the variation and pattern observed are adaptations to a …

Ec88-2305 Six Steps To Mushroom Farming, Paul J. Wuest, Michael D. Duffy, Daniel J. Royse

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension circular 88-2305 is six steps to mushroom farming.

A Comparative-Ecological Approach To The Study Of Learning, Alan Kamil, John E. Mauldin

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the effects of a parameter which is present in every learning experiment, but about which we know relatively little--the species being tested. The effects of the species variable have been studied relatively infrequently by animal learning psychologists for at least three reasons. (1) Psychologists have tended to assume that a few general processes will account entirely for most, if not all, of the important phenomena of animal learning in a broad range of species. This assumption has been criticized frequently in recent years (e.g., Seligman, 1970; Seligman & Hager, 1972), but still …

Cropstatus--A Computer Program To Assess The Effects Of Seasonal Weather Changes On Nebraska's Agriculture, R. E. Neild, Donald A. Wilhite, K. G. Hubbard

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

CROPSTATUS is a series of programs residing in Nebraska's AGNET system using daily weather data to assess seasonal changes in crops, livestock, and other agricultural conditions. Assessments are based on parameters developed from accumulations of current daily temperature and precipitation data collected from a network of synoptic, climate, and automated micrometeorological stations in Nebraska in comparison with daily normals. The daily normals were derived from monthly summaries using multiple regression models to compute daily values as a function of Julian day numbers. Crop phenology models based on growing degree days were used to monitor and forecast the progress of different …

Nutritional Value Of Anaerobically Fermented Beef Cattle Wastes As A Feed Ingredient For Livestock, Ronald L. Prior, Andrew G. Hashimoto, John D. Crouse

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Waste is produced in large quantities in cattle feedlots, and this is a potential environmental pollutant. Recycling of feedlot waste as livestock feed has been investigated extensively as one means of lowering the disposable waste load. Refeeding fresh manure will only partially alleviate waste disposal problems. In one study, only about one-half of the manure collected daily could be refed, and the remainder was discarded.

Currently, there is increased interest in the development of a microbial process for recycling and utilizing feedlot wastes. Commercial digestors are in operation. In some of these systems, the potential exists for capturing methane as …

Zinc And Protein Levels In Finishing Diets Of Medium-And Large-Frame Steers, Wilson G. Pond, Robert R. Oldjen

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

The National Research Council lists the daily protein requirements of medium-frame and large-frame steers weighing 770 lb and gaining 2.2 lb daily as 1.7 and 1.8 lb, respectively; comparable values at 1,100 lb are 1.9 and 2.1 lb. These amounts of protein are expected to be provided for medium-frame steers weighing 880 lb and gaining weight at 2.2 lb daily by a diet containing 10.3% protein; the corresponding value for large-frame steers is 10.2% protein. Medium- and large-frame steers weighing 1,100 lb and gaining weight at 2.2 lb daily require 9.5% protein in the diet.

The zinc requirement of steers …

Beef Research Program Progress Report No. 3 (1988): Table Of Contents

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

ROMAN L. HRUSKA U.S. MEAT ANIMAL RESEARCH CENTER,Robert R. Oltjen .... iv

General Interest

Beef facilities and management: Margaret S. McAlhany, W. Gordon Hays, and Gary S. Ross .... 1

Genetics and Breeding

Germ Plasm Evaluation in cattle: Larry V. Cundiff, Robert M. Koch, and Keith E. Gregory .... 3

Breeding for lean beef (Germ Plasm Evaluation Program): Larry V. Cundiff, Michael E. Dikeman, Robert M. Koch, John D. Crouse, and Keith E. Gregory .... 5

Germ Plasm Utilization in beef cattle: Keith E. Gregory, Larry V. Cundiff, and Robert M. Koch .... 9

Individual heterosis effects on mature size …

Interactions Of Antiprotons With Atoms And Molecules, Mitio Inokuti

United States Department of Energy: Publications

Antiproton beams of relatively low energies (below hundreds of MeV) have recently become available. The present article discusses the significance of those beams in the contexts of radiation physics and of atomic and molecular physics. Studies on individual collisions of antiprotons with atoms and molecules are valuable for a better understanding of collisions of protons or electrons, a subject with many applications. An antiproton is unique as' a stable, negative heavy particle without electronic structure, and it provides an excellent opportunity to study atomic collision theory. Comparison of the stopping powers of a material for an antiproton and a proton …

Distribution, Abundance, And Biomass Of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) In Lake St. Clair, Thomas F. Nalepa, Jeffrey M. Gauvin

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

A mussel population survey was conducted in Lake St. Clair with divers using SCUBA to sample at 29 stations throughout the lake. Mean abundance was 2 m^-2 and mean biomass was 4.4 g dry wt m^-2. Of the 18 species collected, Lampsilis radiata siliquoidea was by far the most abundant, accounting for 45% of all individuals. The age-frequency distribution of L. r. siliquoidea was dominated by individuals between 9 and 12 years old. In contrast, the second most abundant species, Leptodea fragilis, showed yearly variation in recruitment with no apparent trends in year class strength. Annual …

Gavins Point Dam, South Dakota, To Ponca State Park, Nebraska

United States Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District

The purpose of this supplement is to amend the design memorandum referenced above to include the recreational development at Riverside Park in Yankton, South Dakota.

Pod 13th Annual Conference Program

Professional and Organizational Development Network in Higher Education: Conference Materials

Welcome, by the Colorado Conference Team

Materials Display

Evaluation

Tracks for Concurrent Sessions

Program

Core Committee

Conference Team

Special Thanks

Revision Of The Schausi Group Of Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae), With A Discussion Of The Terminology Of The Female Terminalia In The Tephritoidea, Allen L. Norrbom, Ke Chung Kim

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

Monophyly of a group of four species of Anastrepha is proposed based on characters of the head and the male terminalia. The group includes A. schausi Aldrich; A. Jernandezi Caraballo; A. hermosa Norrbom, n. sp.; and A. bellicauda Norrbom, n. sp. Sexual dimorphism in these species is noted. A discussion of morphological terminology in the Tephritoidea, especially concerning female terminalia, is presented.

Descriptions Of Pupae Of South American Robber Flies (Diptera: Asilidae), D. Steve Dennisi, Lloyd Knutson

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

The pupae of four South American species of robber flies, Diogmites vulgaris Carrera, Mallophora ruficauda (Wiedemann), Mallophora sylverii Macquart, and Triorla striola (F.), are described and illustrated. The pupae of these species are compared morphologically with those of North American species of the same genera. A key to pupae of Asilidae at the subfamily level is provided. Biological notes associated with the specimens examined and with those of Pseudorus distendens (Wiedemann) indicate that the larvae prey upon immature stages of Scarabaeidae (Dyscinetus rugifrons LeConte for D. vulgaris and M. sylverii, Cyclocephala signaticollis Burmeister for M. ruficauda, and a …

Comparative Notes On The Biology And Development Of Epeolus Compactus Cresson., A Cleptoparasite Of Colletes Kincaidii Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae, Colletidae), P. F. Torchio, D. J. Burdick

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

The biology of the nomadine bee, Epeolus compactus Cresson, is described based on composite notes taken from field, laboratory, and greenhouse studies of the host bee, Colletes kincaidii Cockerell. Details of Epeolus egg deposition are described and compared with other known noma dine bees. We document the release of a glandular secretion during egg deposition by E. compactus which dissolves the polyester host cell lining on contact. Late embryogenesis and hatching of Epeolus are described and adaptive features are discussed. The cleptoparasitic habits of the first instar are outlined, and anatomical differences expressed by various ins tars are compared. Methods …

Entwicklung Und Stand Der Erforschung Der Gefäßpflanzenflora Der Mongolischen Volksrepublik, I. A. Gubanov, Werner Hilbig

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Zusammenfassung

Vorliegender Beitrag gibt einen überblick über die floristische Durchforschung der MVR.

Erste Kenntnisse über die Flora der Mongolei stammen aus dem 18. Jh. und der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jh. (MESSERSCHMIDT, BUNGE, MAXIMOVICZ). In der zweiten Hälfte und am Ende des 19. Jh. erbrachten vor allem die Expeditionen der Russischen Geographischen Gesellschaft umfangreiches botanisches Material (POTANIN, KOZLOV). Auch andere Forscher führten ausgedehnte Sammelreisen durcn (KLEMENZ, PALIBIN, SAPOZNIKOV). Nach der mongolischen Revolution von 1921 wurden von sowjetischer Seite bereits in den 20er Jahren Sammelreisen durchgeführt. 1925 wurde die Mongolische Kommission der Akademie der Wissenschaften der UdSSR geschaffen, die weitere Expeditionen …

A Timesaving Method For Labeling Figures, Tables And References, Randy Carlson

Biological Process Development Facility: Staff Publications

No matter how carefully an author outlines a manuscript, the figures, tables, and bibliographic citations are inevitably renumbered one or more times before the final draft. For example, the addition of a new reference to a late draft will sometimes entail the renumbering of all other references throughout the manuscript. A partial solution to this common technical problem in scientific writing is offered here. It is a refinement of an approach known to many scientists.

4-H 260 4-H Model Rocketry : Advanced Level

Nebraska 4-H Clubs: Historical Materials and Publications

Extension Service 4-H 260: 4-H Model Rocketry; Advanced level, guide to organizing a club, why a club, organizing a club, what facilities and equipment, club fun time or activities, why funding is important to a club, programs for advanced model rocket activities, why bodies orbit is the first law of motion, when bodies are staged Is the second law of motion, what bodies push against is the third law of motion, engine types and classification, total impulse classification, rocket engine design, Estes engine comparative time/thrust curves, introduction to model rocket engine performance, engine and its purpose, propellants typical characteristics, design …

Ec88-422 Household Cleaning And Laundry Products : Which One For The Job?, Kathleen Parrott, Shirley Niemeyer, Rose Marie Tondl

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension circular 88-422 is about household cleaning and laundry products: which one for the job?